龙津胶囊改善微循环障碍的临床观察

为观察龙津胶囊对微循环障碍的改善,我们对101例微循环障碍患者予以龙津胶囊口服治疗,结果显示:治疗后微循环状态得到显著改善,甲襞微循环各分值及总积分值均明显下降,与治疗前相比.差异非常显著(P<0.01～0.001),无任何不良反应。     

葛根素、川芎嗪、丹参注射液对家兔软脑膜微循环的影响

目的 :探讨葛根素、川芎嗪、丹参注射液治疗脑血管疾病的疗效机制。方法 :采用闭合式颅骨开窗法 ,应用多部位微循环观察仪及微循环计算机图像处理系统 ,观察用药前后家兔软脑膜微血管管径及血流速度的变化。结果 :正常家兔静脉注射葛根素 ( 5 0 mg/kg) ,对微血管的管径及血流速度的影响较小 ;静脉注射丹参注射液 ( 1ml/ kg)、川芎嗪 ( 2 0 ml/ kg)、维脑路通 ( 1ml/ kg)均有扩张微动脉、增加微动脉血流速度的作用 ,对微静脉作用较小。其中丹参注射液作用最为明显。结论 :静脉注射丹参注射液、川芎嗪、维脑路通系通过扩张软脑膜微动脉、增加微动脉血流速度而达到治疗目的。     

复方丹参注射液对肝硬化患者甲襞微循环及肝门脉血流动力学影响的临床研究

目的 :探讨复方丹参注射液对肝硬化患者甲襞微循环及肝门脉血流动力学的影响。方法 :将同期住院的肝硬化患者 6 0例 ,按 2∶1随机分为治疗组 ( 4 0例 )与对照组 ( 2 0例 ) ,观察入院时 3天内、治疗30天与治疗 6 0天甲襞微循环及肝门脉血流动力学指标 ,主要有输入枝与输出枝管径、袢顶径、微血流速度和门静脉内径 (Dpv)、脾静脉内径 (Dspv)、门静脉最大血流速度和平均血流速度 (Vpvx、Vpvm)、脾静脉最大血流速度和平均血流速度 (Vspvx、Vspvm) ,同时计算门静脉和脾静脉每分钟血流量 (Qpv、Qspv) ,将所得结果进行统计学分析。结果 :治疗组在治疗前和治疗 30天、6 0天与对照组相比输入枝管径、微血流速度、Dpv、Vpvx、Vpvm有极显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1) ;输出枝管径、Dspv、Vspvx、Qpv有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;而袢顶径、Qspv、Vspvm则无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。 结论 :复方丹参注射液在降低门脉压的同时并不影响肝脏的血流供应 ,同时具有显著的改善肝微循环的作用     

用微血栓作指标探讨小剂量肝素对冠心病的疗效

微血栓是冠心病微循环中的重要病理改变。我们对52例球结膜微循环中有微血栓的冠心病者,用小剂量肝素治疗(简称肝素组),并设丹参治疗组(简称丹参组)作对照,密切观察微血栓的变化及其与临床症状和心电图改变间的关系,现报告如下:     

复方丹参注射液对肝硬化患者甲襞微循环指标及肝门脉血流动力学影响的临床研究

目的探讨复方丹参注射液对肝硬化患者甲襞微循环及肝门脉血流动力学的影响。方法将同期住院的肝硬化患者60例 ,按2∶1随机分为治疗组 (40例 )与对照组 (20例 ) ,观察入院时3d内、治疗30d与治疗60d甲襞微循环部分指标及肝门脉血流动力学 ,观察指标有输入枝与输出枝管径 ,襻顶直径 ,微血流速度和门静脉内径 (Dpv)、脾静脉内径 (Dspv)、门静脉最大血流速度和平均血流速度 (Vpvx、Vpvm)、脾静脉最大血流速度和平均血流速度(Vspvx、Vspvm) ,同时计算出门静脉和脾静脉每分钟血流量(Qpv、Qspv) ,将所得结果进行统计学分析。结果治疗组在治疗前和治疗30d、60d与对照组相比 :输入枝管径、微血流速度、Dpv、Vpvx、Vpvm有极显著性差异 (P<0.01) ;输出枝管径、Dspv、Vspvx、Qpv有显著性差异 (P<0.05) ;而襻顶径、Qspv、Vspvm则无显著性差异 (P>0.05)。结论复方丹参注射液在降低门脉压的同时并不影响肝脏的血流供应 ,同时具有显著的改善肝微循环的作用     

高压氧对快速减压豚鼠微循环血流动力作用的影响

目的 :探讨快速减压应激和减压病时用高压氧治疗效应的机理。方法 :雄性豚鼠 3 0只 ,分为快速减压组、高压氧治疗组和正常对照组。测定了动物脑皮质和背部皮下组织的微循环血流动力作用。结果 :表明动物在 0 .7MPa高气压环境暴露 6 0 m in快速减压后 ,微血管痉挛 ,毛细血管开放数量减少 ,微循环血流速度明显减慢 ,脑皮质血供下降。同时 ,在微循环中亦可见气泡栓塞和血栓梗塞病灶形成 ,白细胞、血小板与血管内皮细胞粘附 ,血流中有较多的微小血栓。但是 ,经高压氧治疗后 ,这些临界减压病动物的上述症状明显减轻 ,微循环血流动力作用增强。结论 :临界减压病动物经高压氧暴露具有改善微循环和血流动力的作用。     

梗阻性黄疸大鼠肾皮质微循环变化及丹参的治疗作用

目的 探讨梗阻性黄疸大鼠肾皮质微循环变化及丹参的干预效果.方法 将SD大鼠分为假手术组(A组),胆总管结扎组(B组),丹参干预组(C组),每组分3、7、10 d三个时相,每个时相8只.应用WX-9型微循环显微镜观测各组相应时相肾皮质微血管管径和密度变化及微血管周围的渗出情况.结果 B组与A组比较各时相肾皮质微血管收缩,7、10 d组微血管数量减少,并随时间延长血管收缩、数量减少更加明显(P＜0.05),B组7、10 d微血管周围出现渗出.C组与B组比较7、10 d肾皮质微血管扩张,数量增加(P＜0.05),C组7、10 d微血管周围渗出减轻.结论 梗阻性黄疸可引起大鼠肾皮质微循环障碍,丹参注射液可改善肾皮质微循环.     

玫瑰花总提取物对小鼠肠系膜微循环的影响

本文研究了玫瑰花总提取物对正常状态以及肾上腺素所致微循环障碍时肠系膜微循环的影响。结果显示 ,玫瑰花总提取物局部应用可增加微动脉的血流速度 ,对微静脉作用不明显。滴加肾上腺素可导致小鼠肠系膜微循环障碍 ,局部滴加玫瑰花总提取物后 ,可加快微循环障碍的恢复。玫瑰花总提取物的上述作用与丹参注射液相似但较弱     

丹参对微循环障碍的调节作用

本文研究了丹参对微循环障碍疾病的作用机理,发现丹参具有增加微循环的血流速度,减轻红细胞聚集及消除白色微小血栓的作用.这种结果表明,丹参可能对临床很多伴有微循环障碍的疾病具有重要的意义.     

064 老年高血压甲襞微循环观察32例

目的: 了解老年高血压患者的甲襞微循环改变及其特点, 以便采取相应的治疗措施, 提高疗效. 方法: 按年龄将高血压者分为老年组和中年组, 老年组32例, 年龄60岁～72岁, 平均60.8±3.5岁; 中年组31例, 年龄43岁～59岁, 平均45.2±4.2岁. 用国产LHG-A型彩色微循环显微镜检测二侧无名指甲襞微循环, 观察项目为微血管形态、微血流流态及管袢周围情况计3大项10小项, 采用田牛计分法计分. 结果: 二组均存在着不同程度的微循环障碍, 二组相比, 无论是血管形态、血流流态还是管周情况, 老年组均重于中年组(P<0.01). 与中年组相比, 老年组甲襞微循环改变的特点是: 管袢数目减少、扭曲变形增多、输入枝管径变细、红细胞聚集增多、微血流速度减慢、乳头下静脉丛扩张增多等. 结论: 老年高血压微循环障碍重于中年高血压者, 是机体老化的表现. 老化是生物的自然规律, 表现在机体的功能、形态、代谢等各方面. 因此, 在临床工作中, 对于老年高血压者, 除降压治疗外, 还应重视改善微循环的治疗.     

Perinecrotic hypoxia contributes to ischemia/reperfusion-accelerated outgrowth of colorectal micrometastases

Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is often inevitable during hepatic surgery and may stimulate the outgrowth of colorectal micrometastases. Postischemic microcirculatory disturbances contribute to I/R damage and may induce prolonged tissue hypoxia and consequent stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1alpha. The aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of postischemic microcirculatory disturbances, hypoxia, and HIF-1alpha to I/R-accelerated tumor growth. Partial hepatic I/R attributable to temporary clamping of the left liver lobe induced microcirculatory failure for up to 5 days. This was accompanied by profound and prolonged perinecrotic tissue hypoxia, stabilization of HIF-1alpha, and massive perinecrotic outgrowth of pre-established micrometastases. Restoration of the microcirculation by treatment with Atrasentan and L-arginine minimized hypoxia and HIF-1alpha stabilization and reduced the accelerated outgrowth of micrometastases by 50%. Destabilization of HIF-1alpha by the HSP90 inhibitor 17-DMAG caused an increase in tissue necrosis but reduced I/R-stimulated tumor growth by more than 70%. In conclusion, prevention of postischemic microcirculatory disturbances and perinecrotic hypoxia reduces the accelerated outgrowth of colorectal liver metastases after I/R. This may, at least in part, be attributed to the prevention of HIF-1alpha stabilization. Prevention of tissue hypoxia or inhibition of HIF-1alpha may represent attractive approaches to limiting recurrent tumor growth after hepatic surgery.     

Effect of short-term cerebral ischemia on the mesenteric microcirculation in rats

The effect of cerebral ischemia produced by compression of both common carotid arteries on the mesenteric microcirculation was studied in experiments on rats. The extent and intensity of the microcirculatory disturbances were shown to depend on the duration of ischemia and of the postischemic period. The state of the systemic hemodynamics was compared with that of the mesenteric microcirculation. The possible mechanisms of the microcirculatory disturbances are discussed.Laboratory of General Pathology and Experimental Therapy, Institute of General Pathology and Pathological Physiology, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 88, No. 7, pp. 9–12, July, 1979.     

龙津对体外血栓形成、凝血及纤维蛋白溶解作用的实验研究

在正常和DIC家兔或大鼠中证明,口服龙津后,体外血栓长度缩短,血栓重量减轻,全血凝块和纤维蛋白凝块溶解加速,KPTT延长,ELT缩短,t-PA活性增强(P<0.05)。以上资料提示龙津有抗凝和溶栓的双重作用。     

Study on the fixation method of microcirculation system for electron microscopy.

1) Although glutaraldehyde solution was injected into the superior mesenteric artery, vessels and blood cells were not fixed immediately. 2) Glutaraldehyde was considered not to be suitable for the fixation of vessels and blood cells. 3) To observe the physiological and topographical correlation of vessels and blood contents, drop osmium fixation method was better to fix the microcirculatory units immediately. 4) The perfusion of glutaraldehyde was supposed to be necessary for the fixation of the solid tissue in which microcirculatory systems exist in deeper places like liver. However, the findings observed by the perfusion method might reflex microcirculatory disturbances occured by the perfusion of glutaraldehyde itself.     

Pathomorphology of the vascular bed of postinfarction heart in various types of remodeling

We evaluated pathomorphological changes in the vascular bed of postinfarction heart in various types of remodeling. Dilatational remodeling was characterized by dilation of coronary arteries, increase in their volume density, and regular arrangement. Signs of coronary blood flow reduction and microcirculatory disturbances in the left ventricle were revealed during hypertrophic remodeling. Aneurysmal remodeling was characterized by the presence of small-vascular collateral-anastomotic plexus and reduction of the microcirculatory bed. Endocardial remodeling was accompanied by hypervascularization of the myocardium, formation of new coronary vessels, and reduced capillarization in the left ventricle of postinfarction heart.     

Dynamics of hemocirculatory bed changes in the wall of the dog small bowel after modeling acute strangulation ileum in experiment

It is shown that in acute experimental ileum microcirculatory disturbances arise earlier and disappear later than clinical manifestations. General chain of the strangulation ileum are microcirculatory changes in the intestinal wall. They are of one type, depend on the time of ileum and determine severity and reversibility of intestinal wall damage.     

Significance of bacterial shock to thanatogenesis in peritonitis

Fifty-three section examinations of peritonitis with a history of 1 to 30 days were performed to microscopically study viscera and their microcirculatory bed. They revealed microcirculatory disturbances and their consequences that were characteristic of shock. They were most of all pronounced in the kidneys and lungs. The kidneys showed blood dumping with cortical ischemia, which was accompanied with dystrophic changes in the proximal nephroepithelium or focal acute renal failure (ARF) in half the cases. Seven cases displayed advanced ARF of over 8-10-day history with regeneration in the damaged tubules. There were pulmonary microcirculatory disturbances in 27 cases, 10 of them having clinical signs of the "shock" lung, i.e. dys- and atelectases, alveolar bleedings, hyalin membranes, which might be a cause of acute respiratory failure.     

State of the blood microcirculatory vessels of the heart in congenital defects

The condition of hemomicrocirculation vessels in congenital heart disease was studied by silver nitrate impregnation of thick sections. Adaptive and pathological alterations in the microcirculatory bed of the heart in various developmental anomalies are described. The role of adaptive alterations of terminal vessels in an abnormal heart in the blood supply to hypertrophic myocardium is shown. It is suggested that pathological alterations in the microcirculatory bed of an abnormally for-med heart are associated with its functional over loading and weakening of coronary circulation. It is concluded that degenerative, focal destructive, and sclerotic processes in hypertrophic myocardium in congenital heart disease may depend on disturbances of microcirculation in the heart.     

SHRSP卒中的脑微循环障碍及其治疗机理的初步探讨

本实验以卒中易感型自发性高血压大鼠(SHRSP)与京都种正常对照大鼠(WKY)为实验对象,用激光多普勒血流仪监测SHRSP卒中发生后的软脑膜微循环改变状态以及第二代钙离子拮抗剂——尼莫地平的治疗作用。结果发现:SHRSP脑血流量明显降低;31.2％(WKY54.0％)。脑微血管自律运动严重障碍。微血管运动频率高达30.6次/分(wKY 6.4次/分),而其血管运动振幅极度降低;38.7％(WKY 57.3％)。以上各值与对照组相比均有显著差异(P<0.05)。用尼莫地平后SHRSP脑血流量比用药前显著提高;69.5％(P<0.01)。血管运动频率由30.6次/分降为10次/分(P<0.05)。振幅由38.7％增至78.1％(P<0.01)。以右旋糖酐40与尼莫地平联合治疗后SHRSP脑血流量由31.2％增至113.0％;微血管运动频率降至7.3次/分,比右旋糖酐40或尼莫地平单一疗效明显增强(P<0.01).     

Comparative morphological characteristics of bronchial mucosa in patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis and bronchial asthma

The material for histoultrastructural study was biopsies obtained by fibrobronchoscopy from 12 patients with endogenic bronchial asthma (BA) and 4 patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis (COB). The principal periods of affection in these diseases, the role of bronchial epithelium, effector cells of inflammation, nervous elements, smooth muscle cells, microcirculatory disturbances in patho- and morphogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary lesions are determined. The results indicate that BA develops due to disturbances of adaptive mechanisms being in some cases the issue of COB progression.