曲美他嗪对犬急性心肌梗死后延迟再灌注中缺血区心肌细胞凋亡的影响

目的探讨曲美他嗪(trimetazidine)在犬急性心肌梗死后延迟再灌注中对梗死周边缺血区心肌细胞的保护作用及其机制。方法24只健康成年犬随机平均分为3组:假手术组、单纯延迟再灌注组(late reperfusion group,LR)、延迟再灌注预加曲美他嗪组(late reperfusion+trimetazidinegroup,LR+TMZ)。假手术组和LR组灌服生理盐水,LR+TMZ组灌服曲美他嗪(2mg·kg-1.d-1)共14d。所有犬于d14灌药2h后开胸,假手术组不结扎冠状动脉;LR和LR+TMZ在高位结扎左冠状动脉前降支10h,再灌注10h,制成AMI延迟再灌注模型。采用TUNEL法测心肌细胞凋亡指数(AI),免疫组化法测Bcl-2、Bax、细胞色素C和AIF蛋白表达。结果与LR组相比,LR+TMZ组心肌细胞AI明显降低,Bax、细胞色素C和AIF蛋白的表达明显减少(P<0.01),而Bcl-2蛋白的表达明显增高(P<0.01);分别与假手术组比较,差异均有显著性(P<0.01)。结论曲美他嗪在急性心肌梗死后延迟再灌注中可减少梗死周边缺血区心肌细胞的凋亡,其机制可能与增加Bcl-2蛋白的表达,减少Bax、细胞色素C、AIF蛋白的表达有关。     

曲美他嗪对糖尿病心肌病大鼠心肌细胞凋亡的影响

目的 探讨曲美他嗪对糖尿病心肌病大鼠心肌细胞凋亡的影响.方法 SD大鼠50只,随机分为对照组,糖尿病心肌病组,曲美他嗪治疗组.第12周末采用Tunel法检测光镜下观察心肌细胞凋亡指数,免疫组化法测定Bcl-2,Bax及p53基因蛋白表达.结果 曲美他嗪治疗组减少p53、Bax的表达,增加Bcl-2表达,抑制细胞凋亡指数.结论 曲美他嗪能有效减少糖尿病大鼠心肌细胞凋亡.     

不同细胞移植对大鼠心肌梗死后修复的影响

目的 观察骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCs)和MSCs诱导后分别移植对急性心肌梗死(AMI)修复的影响,比较不同细胞移植的作用.方法 获取、培养大鼠骨髓MSCs;5-氮胞苷(5-aza)诱导MSCs,免疫细胞化学法和RT-PCR检测诱导后MSCs特性.结扎大鼠左冠状动脉前降支,建立急性心肌梗死模型,分三个组.对照组:梗死部位中央及四周移植磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS),50μl/点;MSCs移植组和MSCs诱导组:在上述部位分别移植MSCs、诱导的MSCs,2×106个/50μl/点.3周后,超声观察心室腔大小、室壁厚度及运动幅度,检测左室射血分数(EF%)、短轴缩短率(FS%);血流动力学测定左室收缩压(LVSP)、舒张末压(LVEDP)、压力变化最大速率(±dp/dtmax)等指标;免疫组化分析心肌组织中移植细胞情况.结果 诱导的MSCs对心肌肌钙蛋白T(cTnT)、连结蛋白43(Cx-43)表达阳性.MSCs移植组、MSCs诱导组与对照组相比,左室前壁运动增强,FS%、LVSP、±dp/dtmax均升高、LVEDP降低(P＜0.05),MSCs诱导组改变更明显(P＜0.05).MSCs移植组、MSCs诱导组心肌组织中移植细胞对cTnT、Cx-43表达阳性.结论 MSCs移植、MSCs诱导后移植对大鼠AMI均有修复作用,MSCs诱导后移植对AMI心功能的改善作用更明显.     

自体外周血干细胞移植联合EPO对猪急性心肌梗死心肌细胞凋亡的影响

目的:观察自体外周血干细胞移植联合促红细胞生成素对猪急性心肌梗死模型心肌细胞凋亡的影响。方法:选用中国小型猪32只,均采用经皮穿刺球囊封堵冠状动脉左前降支制备猪急性心肌梗死(AMI)模型,随机分为4组。干细胞(SC)组(n=8)给予粒细胞集落刺激因子(G-CSF)皮下注射连续7天,血细胞分离机单采外周血干细胞悬液(PBSC)后,通过经皮经腔导管技术建立的梗死相关动脉(IRA)通道回输;EPO组(n=8)AMI模型制作成功后1h经耳缘静脉给予EPO3000U/Kg,于相同时间给予等体积生理盐水;实验(SC+EPO)组(n=8)同时给予EPO及干细胞移植干预,干预方法同上。另设对照组(n=8),以同样的方式输注等量生理盐水。4周后处死实验动物,取心肌梗死区域组织行苏木精-依红染色法(HE染色)观察病理组织改变;Western blot法检测各组心肌组织中凋亡蛋白Bax,Bcl-2及caspase-3的表达。结果:①组织学苏木精-依红染色结果:四组实验动物心肌组织样本中均可见心肌梗死区域,以对照组最为严重,实验组病理改变最弱。心肌梗死区域可见心肌细胞坏死崩解、组织结构破坏,梗死边缘区间大量炎性细胞浸润及新生毛细血管。②Western blot法检测结果:与对照组相比,其余三组Bcl-2蛋白表达含量均明显增高(P<0.01),Bax及Caspase-3蛋白表达量均减低(P<0.05)。与SC组和EPO组相比,实验组心肌梗死猪心肌组织中抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2的含量显著增高(P<0.05);凋亡蛋白Bax及Caspase-3的含量则显著降低(P<0.05)。结论:自体外周血干细胞移植联合EPO治疗急性心肌梗死优于单独使用其中一种方式,通过抑制梗死区域心肌细胞的凋亡,有效防止梗死后左室重构,明显改善心功能。     

曲美他嗪对急性心肌梗死溶栓成功患者的心肌保护作用

目的探讨曲美他嗪对急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者溶栓成功后的心肌保护作用。方法62例因急性心肌梗死而行早期静脉溶栓的患者随机分为曲美他嗪组和对照组,比较两组再通患者肌酸激酶(CK)峰值浓度,再灌注心律失常及4周后的心功能。结果(1)曲美他嗪组和对照组溶栓成功者分别为22例和21例,两组临床基线资料无院统计学差异;(2)曲美他嗪组肌酸激酶及其同功酶(CK-MB)的峰浓度显著低于对照组(P<0.05);(3)曲美他嗪组27%(6例)发生再灌注性心律失常,显著低于对照组的57%(12例)(P<0.05);(4)4周后超声心动图检测左室射血分数曲美他嗪组为(62±12)%,显著高于对照组(52±10)%(P<0.05)。结论对溶栓成功的急性心肌梗死患者曲美他嗪能缩小梗死面积,减轻再灌注损伤,改善心脏功能。     

醛固酮受体拮抗剂对心肌细胞凋亡的影响

目的研究醛固酮受体拮抗剂螺内酯对急性心肌梗死心肌细胞凋亡及相关基因Bcl-2、Bax蛋白表达的作用。方法通过结扎左冠状动脉前降支造成大鼠左室大面积心肌梗死模型。SD大鼠随机分为心肌梗死对照组(AMI组,0.9%氯化钠溶液2ml/d灌胃,n=24)和螺内酯治疗组(Spi组,螺内酯20mg/kg/d,2ml灌胃,n=24),另设假手术组(Sham组,0.9%氯化钠溶液,2ml/d灌胃,n=24)。分别于术后2、7、14、21d观察下列指标:用流式细胞学方法测定非梗死心肌细胞凋亡率及Bcl-2、Bax蛋白表达。结果与Sham组相比较,AMI组大鼠和Spi组非梗死区心肌细胞凋亡率显著升高(P<0.01);BCL-2蛋白表达降低(P<0.05),Bax蛋白表达升高(P<0.05);与AMI组比较,大鼠心肌细胞凋亡率和非梗死区心肌细胞BCL-2蛋白表达在2d、7d差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),14d、21d有所升高(P<0.05)。Bax蛋白表达在2d、7d差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),14d、21d有所降低(P<0.05)。结论螺内酯治疗可减少心肌细胞凋亡,同时增加凋亡相关基因Bcl-2蛋白的表达和减弱Bax蛋白的表达。     

卡维地洛对急性心肌梗死大鼠左室重构的影响

目的建立大鼠急性心肌梗死(acute myocardial infarction,AMI)模型,观察AMI后卡维地洛早期处理对心梗后左室重构的影响。方法雄性Wistar大鼠60只,随机分为假手术组(n=15)、AMI组(n=15)、低剂量卡维地洛组(n=15)和高剂量卡维地洛组(n=15)。建模后2周心肌组织取材,HE、Masson染色病理学检查;免疫组织化学测定心肌组织中毛细血管及抗凋亡、凋亡蛋白表达;建模前1 d及建模后2周心脏超声检查;采用Elisa法对建模前及建模后2周血浆脑钠肽(BNP)水平测定。结果建模后2周,与AMI组比较,卡维地洛组梗死面积减小,梗死区存活心肌细胞数增加,替代性纤维化面积减小,抗凋亡蛋白bcl-xl表达增强,凋亡蛋白Bax表达降低,P<0.05;梗死区及梗死旁区心肌组织中幼稚毛细血管密度增加,上述改变在高剂量药组明显;心脏超声左室收缩末期内径(LVESD)、左室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、室间隔厚度(IVS)直线小,心率(HR)减慢,左室射血分数(EF)值增加(P<0.05);血浆BNP水平较AMI组明显降低(P<0.05)。结论大鼠AMI后早期应用卡维地洛处理,可减少心肌细胞的凋亡及丢失,减轻AMI后心肌梗死程度,减轻左心室重构,改善AMI后左室功能,延缓心力衰竭的发生。     

PI3K/Akt信号通路参与大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞凋亡的发生

为研究体外大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells,BMSCs)在缺血缺氧条件下发生凋亡的作用机制。采取大鼠骨髓,以密度梯度离心分离出单个核细胞(MNCs),于体外培养并由牛垂体提取物(PEX)诱导扩增传代培养出MSCs。经形态学和流式细胞仪检测MSCs表面标志物鉴定后,BMSCs在缺血缺氧条件下培养,通过Annexin V/PI双染细胞凋亡检测比较不同组别细胞的凋亡率和蛋白印迹法(western blot)来观察细胞中蛋白的变化。结果表明,①经形态学观察和流式细胞仪检测MSCs表面标志物鉴定,提示BMSCs培养成功。②对照组(无缺血缺氧)与缺血缺氧组比较,缺血缺氧组的凋亡率显著性增加,而通过磷酸化Akt的表达量显著性增加提示PI3K(phosphoinositide-3kinase)/Akt(proteinkinaseB,PKB)信号通路被激活(P<0.05);同时缺血缺氧组与缺血缺氧+PI3K/Akt抑制剂(LY294002)组比较,缺血缺氧+PI3K/Akt抑制剂组的凋亡率显著降低,而通过磷酸化Akt的表达量显著减少(P<0.05),提示...     

Effect of aldosterone receptor antagonist on cardiomyocyte apoptosis and the expression of Bcl-2,Bax protein in rats

目的 研究醛固酮受体拮抗剂螺内酯对急性心肌梗死心肌细胞凋亡及相关基因Bcl-2、Bax蛋白表达的作用.方法 通过结扎左冠状动脉前降支造成大鼠左室大面积心肌梗死模型.SD大鼠随机分为心肌梗死对照组(AMI组,0.9%氯化钠溶液2ml/d灌胃,n=24)和螺内酯治疗组(Spi组,螺内酯20 mg/kg/d,2ml灌胃,n=24),另设假手术组(Sham组,0.9%氯化钠溶液,2 ml/d灌胃,n=24).分别于术后2、7、14、21 d观察下列指标:用流式细胞学方法测定非梗死心肌细胞凋亡率及Bcl-2、Bax蛋白表达.结果 与Sham组相比较,AMI组大鼠和Spi组非梗死区心肌细胞凋亡率显著升高(P<0.01);BCL-2蛋白表达降低(P<0.05),Bax蛋白表达升高(P<0.05);与AMI组比较,大鼠心肌细胞凋亡率和非梗死区心肌细胞BCL-2蛋白表达在2 d、7 d差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),14 d、21 d有所升高(P<0.05).Bax蛋白表达在2 d、7 d差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),14 d、21 d有所降低(P<0.05).结论 螺内酯治疗可减少心肌细胞凋亡,同时增加凋亡相关基因Bcl-2蛋白的表达和减弱Bax蛋白的表达.     

重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子诱导急性脑梗死大鼠神经血管再生的研究

目的检测大鼠急性脑梗死后重组粒细胞集落刺激因子(rh G-CSF)对脑内nestin~+及CD34~+细胞表达的影响。方法健康雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为脑梗死组及假手术组、药物组,建立脑梗死模型,流式细胞仪测定凋亡细胞,免疫组织化学法检测梗死区及周边神经上皮干细胞蛋白(nestin)~+、CD34~+细胞的表达。结果药物组凋亡细胞数少于梗死组,梗死区及周边1 d时即出现CD34~+细胞,1周时可检测到nestin~+细胞;假手术组及梗死组梗死区及周边未检测到nestin~+及CD34~+细胞。结论 rh G-CSF可能动员内源性干细胞向神经前体细胞及新生血管分化,并可以减少细胞凋亡。     

绿原酸对缺氧环境下干细胞来源软骨样细胞凋亡的影响

目的探讨缺氧环境下绿原酸对骨髓间充质细胞来源软骨样细胞(Chondrogenic MSCs)影响及机制。方法采用体外培养大鼠间充质干细胞,以含0.2 mg.L-1 BMP-2诱导液培养12 d使其成为软骨样细胞后进行实验。分为(A)正常对照组、(B)绿原酸组、(C)0.1%O2缺氧环境组、(D)绿原酸+0.1%O2缺氧环境组。检测各组Hoechst33258荧光染色检测细胞凋亡、细胞内活性氧水平;RT-PCR检测不同组软骨细胞Caspase-3和Bcl-2基因的表达。结果与正常对照组比较,0.1%O2缺氧环境12 h能明显造成干细胞来源软骨样细胞的凋亡(P<0.05),绿原酸可降低0.1%O2缺氧引起的软骨样细胞凋亡率(P<0.05),活性氧水平下降,Bcl-2表达增强,Caspase-3表达减弱。结论绿原酸可抑制0.1%O2缺氧引起的软骨样细胞凋亡,其作用机制可能与降低细胞内的活性氧水平,稳定细胞的氧化还原状态来保护线粒体膜电位,促进凋亡抑制基因Bcl-2的表达及抑制Caspase-3的表达有关。     

Cytoprotective effects of endothelin‐1 on mesenchymal stem cells: an in vitro study

Stem cell‐based therapies is a promising approach for regenerative therapy in various diseases. Some obstacles remain to be solved before clinical application of the cell therapy is realized, including increasing the survival of transplanted stem cells, reducing loss of transplanted cells, and maintaining adequate vascular supply. Recently, stem cell preconditioning with chemical and pharmacological agents has been shown to increase therapeutic efficacy. The present study investigated the effect of endothelin‐1 (ET‐1) on survival, angiogenesis, and migration of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), in vitro. MSCs were treated with various concentrations of ET‐1 and the expression of cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2), hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1 (HIF‐1), C‐X‐C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), C‐C chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), angiopoietin‐2 (Ang‐2), angiopoietin‐4 (Ang‐4) and matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP‐2) were examined. Caspase 3 activity and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were determined by ELISA assay. MSCs migration and tube formation potential were assessed using scratch test and three dimensional vessel formation assay. ET‐1 enhanced the MSCs viability. In ET‐1‐ treated MSCs, expression of COX‐2, HIF‐1, CXCR4, CCR2, VEGF, Ang‐2, Ang‐4 and MMP‐2 were increased compared to control groups. Elevation of all these genes were reversed by celecoxib (50 μmol/L), a selective COX‐2 inhibitor. PGE2 generation, MSCs migration and tube formation were enhanced by ET‐1 conditioning, whereas caspase‐3 activity was reduced in these cells, compared to the control group. The results presented here reveal that preconditioning of MSCs with ET‐1 has strong cytoprotective effects through activation of survival signalling molecules and trophic factors.     

Targeting CSCs within the tumor microenvironment for cancer therapy: a potential role of mesenchymal stem cells

Introduction: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are one subgroup of adult stem cells and possess a proliferative potential and ability to differentiate into various ceells. Areas covered: Emerging evidence suggests that MSCs can reprogram toward cancer stem cells (CSCs), due to alterations of intrinsic and extrinsic microenvironments, leading to tumorigenesis. The CSC concept has fundamental clinical implications because of its involvement in cell migration/invasion, metastasis, and treatment resistance. Therefore, targeting CSCs provides a novel therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. However, the origin of CSCs and its molecular connections are not fully understood. Emerging evidence suggests the existence of an inter-relationship between CSCs and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotypic cells, in the context of inflammation and hypoxia, as well as the potential role of miRNAs. Expert opinion: We suggest that targeting CSC signatures along with EMT, inflammation, and hypoxia will provide a more effective therapeutic approach for the elimination of CSCs. To that end, curcumin especially its synthetic novel analog CDF have been shown to attenuate CSC characteristics along with the deregulation of multiple pathways and miRNAs, leading to the inhibition of human tumor growth in vivo, suggesting the potential role of CDF as an anti-tumor agent for the prevention/treatment of tumor progression.     

缺氧诱导因子-1α过表达通过葡萄糖转运载体-4介导缺氧大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞对葡萄糖的摄取

目的探讨缺氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)基因转染是否提高骨髓间充质干细胞(MSC)缺氧状态下的葡萄糖摄取能力以及这种能力是否与葡萄糖转运载体-4(GLUT-4)的表达和易位有关。方法将MSCs分为常氧非转染组(即对照组)、常氧转染组、缺氧非转染组和缺氧转染组,分别于常氧(5%CO_2,37℃)和缺氧(94%N_2、1%O_2和5%CO_2,37℃)条件下孵育8 h。放射同位素法检测~3H-G摄取量,免疫细胞化学和Western-blot检测GLUT-4的表达。结果①与缺氧非转染组相比,缺氧转染组显著提高细胞摄取~3H-G量(P<0.01),但二者均显著低于对照组和常氧转染组对~3H-G的摄取(P<0.01);②与缺氧非转染组相比,缺氧转染组显著提高细胞和细胞膜GLUT-4蛋白的表达(P<0.01),2组均显著低于对照组GLUT-4蛋白的表达和移位(P<0.01);③~3H-G摄取量与细胞膜中GLUT-4表达呈正相关(r=0.437,P=0.001)。结论 HIF-1α基因提高MSCs的葡萄糖摄取能力,此机制与HIF-1α基因提高GLUT-4的表达和易位相关。     

重组人红细胞生成素对骨髓间充质干细胞红细胞生成素受体的上调作用

目的研究重组人红细胞生成素(rhEpo)处理骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCs)后对Epo受体(EpoR)的影响。方法含rhEpo0,5及10kU.L-1的培养基培养MSCs24,48及72h后,MTT法检测细胞增殖;6d后,免疫荧光染色检测EpoR阳性的细胞百分率。rhEpo预处理24h,再缺氧处理48h,Hoechst染色,通过形态变化检测细胞凋亡率;rhEpo预处理6d,再缺氧处理48h,Western蛋白印迹法检测EpoR,磷酸化Janus激酶2(p-Jak2),磷酸化转导及转录活化蛋白(p-Stat5)及缺氧诱导因子-1a(Hif-1a)蛋白表达。结果MTT结果显示,rhEpo处理的MSCs增殖能力增强;免疫荧光结果显示,随rhEpo浓度的增加,EpoR阳性细胞数增加;对照组,rhEpo5及10kU.L-1组EpoR阳性细胞百分率分别为(8.3±4.2)%,(24.7±8.1)%和(30.8±10.5)%。rhEpo预处理能增强MSCs抗缺氧凋亡的能力,缺氧处理后,对照组、rhEpo5及10kU.L-1组细胞核固缩率分别为(42.2±8.7)%,(21.9±8.0)%和(20.1±7.9)%。Western蛋白印迹结果显示,rhEpo预处理及预处理后行低氧培养的MSCs,随rhEpo浓度的增加,EpoR及下游抗细胞凋亡蛋白p-Jak2,p-Stat5和Hif-1a蛋白表达增加。结论rhEpo可以促进MSCEpoR的表达,并增加EpoR下游抗细胞凋亡蛋白的表达。     

骨髓间充质干细胞和骨髓单个核干细胞移植治疗大鼠心肌梗死的对比研究

目的观察髓间充质干细胞（MSCs）和骨髓单个核干细胞（BMMNCs）移植对急性心肌梗死后大鼠左心功能的影响及存活情况,比较两种干细胞移植的优劣性。方法雌性Lewis大鼠45只按随机抽签法分3组：对照组、MSCs组、BMMNCs组。结扎前降支制备心肌梗死模型,MSCs组和BMMNCs组均注射等数量（2×10^6）雄性MSCs和BMMNCs,对照组注射等体积的培养基。4周后超声检测左心功能、左心室前壁厚度,免疫原位杂交检测雄性鉴别基因sry片段的表达。结果MSCs组和BMMNCs组与对照组相比：左心室射血分数分别增加22．57％、24．09％（P=0．000）,MSCs组和BMMNCs组之间比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;左心室前壁厚度增加（2．6±0．5）mm和（2．5±0．3）mm对（1．8±0．4）mm（P=0．000）;免疫原位杂交显示MSCs组与BMMNCs组sry表达阳性,对照组阴性。阳性细胞的数量相比较,BMMNCs组高于MSCs组（66．50±6．59比46．67±4．64,P=0．000）。结论MSCs和BMMNCs移植均能改善大鼠急性心肌梗死后左心功能,减轻左心室重构;移植4周后在受体心肌内存活干细胞数量BMMNCs优于MSCs。     

Targeting CSCs within the tumor microenvironment for cancer therapy: a potential role of mesenchymal stem cells

Introduction: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are one subgroup of adult stem cells and possess a proliferative potential and ability to differentiate into various ceells.

Areas covered: Emerging evidence suggests that MSCs can reprogram toward cancer stem cells (CSCs), due to alterations of intrinsic and extrinsic microenvironments, leading to tumorigenesis. The CSC concept has fundamental clinical implications because of its involvement in cell migration/invasion, metastasis, and treatment resistance. Therefore, targeting CSCs provides a novel therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. However, the origin of CSCs and its molecular connections are not fully understood. Emerging evidence suggests the existence of an inter-relationship between CSCs and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotypic cells, in the context of inflammation and hypoxia, as well as the potential role of miRNAs.

Expert opinion: We suggest that targeting CSC signatures along with EMT, inflammation, and hypoxia will provide a more effective therapeutic approach for the elimination of CSCs. To that end, curcumin especially its synthetic novel analog CDF have been shown to attenuate CSC characteristics along with the deregulation of multiple pathways and miRNAs, leading to the inhibition of human tumor growth in vivo, suggesting the potential role of CDF as an anti-tumor agent for the prevention/treatment of tumor progression.     

高晶体-高胶体渗透压混合液对缺氧/氧再灌损伤的内皮细胞容积和存活率的影响

目的 :观察高晶体 高胶体渗透压混合液(HHS)对缺氧 氧再灌损伤的人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVEC)容积和存活率的影响。方法 :取HUVEC株ECV 30 4 ,分为对照组和实验组。两组细胞先置于缺氧 (95 %氮气 ,5 %CO2 )环境中 8h ,然后将实验组细胞置于HHS 15min ,再在常氧状态下 (95 %空气 ,5 %CO2 )培养 16h。对照组细胞直接置于常氧状态下 (95 %空气 ,5 %CO2 )培养 16h。两组细胞分别于实验前、实验开始后 15、6 0min和 8、8.2 5、16及2 4h测其细胞容积和存活率。结果 :对照组细胞在缺氧 6 0min后及氧再灌过程中明显肿胀 (P <0 .0 5或 0 .0 1) ,细胞存活率进行性降低 (P <0 .0 5或 0 .0 1)。实验组细胞经HHS处理后细胞容积较同一时段的对照组细胞容积明显缩小 (P <0 .0 1) ,存活率尽管仍低于实验前 (P <0 .0 1) ,但明显高于同一时段的对照组 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :HHS具有刺激内皮细胞产生延迟性调节性容积减少 ,保持容积稳定的作用 ,能在一定程度上降低内皮细胞的死亡率 ,保护缺氧 氧再灌损伤的内皮细胞。     

Study on the cerebral effects of sabeluzole

The cerebral effects of subeluzole have been studied using the following methods: hypobaric hypoxia in mice, complete ischemia by decapitation in mice, anoxic hypoxia in mice, hemic hypoxia in rats, incomplete ischemia by bilateral carotid ligation in rats, anoxic hypoxia in rats and asphyxic hypoxia in cats. Sabeluzole was active in all the models used: it increased the survival time in hypobaric hypoxia (maximum at 40 mg/kg--by 92.0%, p less than 0.001), survival time in anoxic hypoxia in mice (maximum at 40 mg/kg--by 27.2%, p less than 0.001), gasping in decapitation model (maximum at 20 mg/kg--by 155.4%, p less than 0.001) and survival in hemic hypoxia (maximum at 2.5 mg/kg--by 21.1%, p less than 0.05). The duration of the effect as evaluated in the decapitation model was about 6 h. In incomplete ischemia in rats, however, it showed a weak effect. In anoxic hypoxia in rats, sabeluzole (5 mg/kg i.v.) increased the time latency between onset of anoxia and negative DC-shift by 20.5% and the K+e-threshold by 25.7%. In asphyxic hypoxia in cats, sabeluzole (0.5 mg/kg i.v.) counteracted the hypoxia-induced decrease of the fast-wave amplitudes during the cortical resistance period and the hypoxia-induced decrease of the slow-wave and increase of the fast wave amplitudes during the cortical recovery period.     

Effects of annexins II and V on survival of neurons and astrocytes in υitro

INTRODUCTIONAnnexins are a family of structurally and func-tionally related proteins that exhibit Ca2 -dependent bind-ing to phospholipids[1-4]. Previous studies suggest thatthese proteins play a role in the development of the cen-tral nervous system (CNS)[5]. In some pathologicalconditions such as traumatic hemorrhage, embolism,and thrombotic infarction[6] or some diseases of the CNSsuch as encephalomyelitis and Alzheimers disease[7],annexin expressions are upregulated. During deve…