健身气功·五禽戏改善轻度抑郁大学生前额叶和海马氢质子磁共振波谱

目的探讨健身气功·五禽戏干预轻度抑郁症的效果及其对前额叶和海马氢质子磁共振波谱的影响。方法大学生志愿者 58人,其中轻度抑郁症患者30人为抑郁组,健康者28人为对照组,上述两组内随机均分为干预组和非干预组,干预组进行健身 气功·五禽戏训练12周,非干预组不训练;各组干预前后,用BECK抑郁自评问卷（BDI）和汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）进行得分 评价,氢质子磁共振波谱（1H-MRS）检测前额叶、海马代谢指标NAA/Cr、Cho/Cr等,将抑郁量表得分与1H-MRS检测数据进行皮 尔逊相关分析。结果干预前,抑郁组BDI、HAMD得分均显著高于对照组（P<0.01）;干预后,抑郁组中干预组BDI、HAMD得分 均显著低于干预前（P<0.01）。1H-MRS检测显示,干预前,与对照组相比,抑郁组左侧前额叶、双侧海马NAA/Cr值和左侧前额 叶、左侧海马Cho/Cr值等均显著增高（P<0.05）,双侧前额叶NAA/Cho值和右侧海马Cho/NAA值等均显著降低（P<0.05）。干预 后,抑郁组中干预组双侧海马NAA/Cr值和右侧海马NAA/Cho值均显著低于干预前（P<0.05）,右侧前额叶NAA/Cho值、右侧海 马Cho/NAA值均显著高于干预前（P<0.05）。经皮尔逊相关分析,干预前,BDI、HAMD得分与额叶Cho/Cr值和海马NAA/Cr值 呈正相关（P<0.01）,与额叶NAA/Cho值、海马Cho/NAA值呈负相关（P<0.05）;干预后,BDI、HAMD得分与海马NAA/Cr值和左 侧海马Cho/Cr值呈正相关（P<0.05）。结论健身气功·五禽戏锻炼降低轻度抑郁症患者抑郁量表得分,对前额叶和海马代谢指 标NAA/Cr、Cho/Cr等有一定改善作用。     

抑郁症患者前额叶和海马氢质子磁共振波谱特点比较研究

目的探讨抑郁症患者前额叶、海马氢质子磁共振波谱(1H-MRS)特点。方法以46例抑郁症患者为研究对象(病例组),以同期46名正常人为对照组,采用多体素1H-MRS在2组对象入组24 h内检测双侧前额叶和海马N-乙酰基天门冬氨酸(NAA)、胆碱复合物(Cho)与肌酸复合物(Cr),并计算NAA/Cr和Cho/Cr值。结果病例组左侧和右侧前额叶、左侧海马NAA/Cr值分别为1.77±0.18、1.78±0.23和1.75±0.21,低于对照组的1.87±0.16、1.89±0.15和1.87±0.27,差异均有统计学意义(t=2.816,2.717,2.379,P<0.01或0.05);右侧海马NAA/Cr值与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。海马NAA/Cr值单侧化指数与1.00相比,对照组差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),病例组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论抑郁症患者存在双侧前额叶及左侧海马神经元的结构和(或)功能异常,其海马不对称性消失。     

强迫症患者前额叶、海马磁共振质子波谱成像的研究

目的探讨强迫症患者前额叶、海马的磁共振质子波谱(1H-MRS)的变化特点。方法应用1H-MRS成像技术检测10例强迫症患者(强迫症组)和10名健康对照者(对照组)的前额叶、海马N-乙酰天门冬氨酸(NAA)、胆碱(Cho)、肌酸(Cr)3种代谢物,计算NAA/Cr、Cho/Cr比值。结果强迫症组患者双侧前额叶和左侧海马的NAA/Cr均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。强迫症组患者右侧前额叶NAA明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。强迫症组患者双侧海马Cho/Cr、右侧海马Cho均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论强迫症患者双侧前额叶、左侧海马的神经元活力有增高迹象,同时海马的细胞膜代谢可能存在异常。     

阳性症状为主型首发精神分裂症患者脑磁共振质子波谱的偏侧性研究

目的 探讨未经药物治疗的首发精神分裂症阳性症状为主型患者双侧额叶、海马的多体素氢质子波谱(1H-MRS)的变化特点.方法 应用1H-MRS成像技术,检测20例首发精神分裂症阳性症状为主型患者双侧额叶、海马的N-乙酰天冬氨酸复合物(NAA)、胆碱复合物(Cho)和肌酸-磷酸肌酸复合物(Cr)含量,对NAA/Cr、Cho/Cr、NAA/Cho比值进行计算.以配对t检验方法进行统计分析.结果 (1)首发精神分裂症阳性症状为主型患者右利手,左侧额叶白质Cho/Cr(1.178±0.210)小于右侧(1.437±0.337),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).(2)双侧扣带回前部各代谢物差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).(3)左侧海马头NAA/Cr(1.339±0.452)和Cho/Cr(1.406±0.394)小于右侧(1.748±0.147,1.761±0.362),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 精神分裂症阳性症状为主型患者可能存在左侧额叶和海马代谢异常,支持精神分裂症的脑偏侧性假说.     

阴性与阳性症状为主的精神分裂症患者脑部质子波谱比较研究

目的 比较阴性与阳性症状为主的精神分裂症患者前额叶和丘脑质子波谱特点及差异.方法 对58例阴性症状为主(阴性组)和51例阳性症状为主(阳性组)的精神分裂症患者,在入组后应用抗精神病药物治疗前采用多体素磁共振质子波谱(1H-MRS)检测双侧前额叶和丘脑N-乙酰基天门冬氨酸(NAA)、胆碱复合物(Cho)与肌酸复合物(Cr),完成NAA/Cr值、Cho/Cr值的计算,并进行对比分析.结果 阴性组右侧丘脑NAA/Cr值(1.40±0.29)低于阳性组(1.62±0.33),阴性组的男性、女性、非首发、服药、未服药患者右侧丘脑NAA/Cr值分别低于阳性组相应的患者(均P＜0.05或0.01);阴性组的女性、非首发、未服药患者右侧丘脑Cho/Cr值高于阳性组相应的患者(P＜0.05).阴性组、阳性组左侧前额叶、左侧丘脑、右侧丘脑NAA/Cr值均与发病年龄负相关(P＜0.05或0.01),阴性组右侧丘脑Cho/Cr值与发病年龄正相关(r=0.25,P＜0.05);阴性组非首发、未服药患者右侧丘脑NAA/Cr值与病程负相关(r=0.48,P＜0.05),Cho/Cr值与病程正相关(r=0.58,0.56,P＜0.01).结论 阴性症状为主的精神分裂症患者的右侧丘脑波谱异常相对明显,病程对波谱的影响更明显.

Abstract：

Objective To compare the differences between the schizophrenics with negative and positive symptoms on prefrontal lobe and thalamus by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 1 H-MRS). Methods 58 negative subtype and 51 positive subtype schizophrenics were examined at prefrontal lobe and thalamus by multivoxel 1H-MRS before antipsychotic treatment The N-acetylaspartate (NAA), choline-containing compounds ( Cho), and creatine compounds (Cr) were measured and the ratios of NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr were determined. Results On right thalamus,the NAA/Cr ratio in negative subtype patients ( 1.40 ± 0.29 ) demonstrated lower than that in positive subtype ( 1.62 ± 0.33 ), the same phenomenon were appeared on male, female, non-first-episode, with-medicine and without-medicine patients (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01 ). The Cho/Cr ratio on right thalamus in negative subtype of female,non-first-episode,without-medicine schizophrenics were lower than those in positive subtype (P ＜ 0.05 ).On left prefrontal lobe,left thalamus and right thalamus, the NAA/Cr ratios both in negative subtype and positive subtype schizophrenics were significantly negatively related with age of onset(P＜0. 05 or 0.01 ). In negative subtype schizophrenics,the Cho/Cr ratio on right thalamus was positively related with age of onset ( r = 0. 25, P ＜0.05 ). In negative subtype schizophrenics of non-first-episode, without-medicine, the correlation was negative between the NAA/Cr ratio and the course of disease( r= -0.48, -0.46, P＜0.05 ) ,and was positive between Cho/Cr ratio and the course of disease on right thalamus( r= 0.58,0.56, P＜ 0.01 ). Conlusion Compared with positive subtype schizophrenics,negative subtype schizophrenics have greater impairments on 1 H-MRS on right thalamus. The course of disease has greater effects on 1 H-MRS in negative subtype schizophrenics.     

精神分裂症临床特征与前额叶、丘脑氢质子磁共振波谱的相关性

目的 探讨不同临床特征的精神分裂症患者前额叶、丘脑氢质子磁共振波谱(1H-MRS)特点及其相关性.方法 将2007年8月至2010年4月期间在解放军第九十一中心医院全军精神疾病防治中心住院,符合中国精神障碍分类与诊断标准第3版的159例精神分裂症患者(患者组),分为男性(88例)与女性(71例)、首发(54例)与非首发(105例)、阴性(125例)与阳性(34例)、服药(96例)与未服药(63例)等不同亚组,在入组时采用多体素1H-MRS检测双侧前额叶和丘脑N-乙酰基天门冬氨酸(NAA)、胆碱复合物(Cho)与肌酸复合物(Cr),完成NAA/Cr值、Cho/Cr值的计算,并与健康对照组(45名)进行比较;患者组入组时同时进行阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)和威斯康星卡片分类测验(WCST)评定.结果 不同亚组患者的左侧前额叶、左侧丘脑NAA/Cr值均低于对照组(均P＜0.05),非首发、阴性、服药患者的右侧丘脑NAA/Cr值(分别为1.48 ±0.34,1.40±0.35,1.47 ±0.36)也均低于对照组(1.62±0.37),差异有统计学意义(t值分别为2.25、3.56、2.28,均P＜0.05或0.01);阴性患者的右侧丘脑NAA/Cr值低于阳性患者(1.60±0.37),差异有统计学意义(t =2.92,P＜0.01).未服药患者的右侧丘脑NAA/Cr值与病程显著负相关(r=-0.38,P＜0.05),Cho/Cr值与病程显著正相关(r=0.43,P＜0.01);阴性患者的右侧丘脑NAA/Cr值与PANSS总分和阴性症状分均负相关(r值分别为-0.36、-0.40,P＜0.05);不同亚组患者的左侧前额叶NAA/Cr值与PANSS总分、阴性症状分、WCST的错误应答数、持续错误数均负相关,与分类数、概念化水平均正相关(P＜0.05或0.01).结论 精神分裂症患者左侧前额叶和左侧丘脑可能均存在神经元功能和(或)结构的损害,非首发、阴性症状为主、既往服药等临床特征的患者可能还存在右侧丘脑异常,病程、临床症状等因素对质子波谱特点的影响不完全相同,应区别对待.     

抑郁症患者额叶、前扣带回、海马N-乙酰天冬氨酸磁共振质子波谱研究

目的 探讨抑郁症患者额叶、前扣带回皮质、海马N-乙酰天冬氨酸(NAA)的相对含量.方法 对13例未服药的抑郁症患者及13位健康志愿者前扣带回行多体素磁共振氢质子波谱(1H-MRS)扫描,抑郁症患者经6周抗抑郁治疗后再次作1H-MRS扫描,测定的生化物质为NAA和肌酸(Cr).结果 抑郁症组左侧和右侧额前皮质、左侧和右侧海马NAA/Cr值[分别为(1.29±0.18),(1.33±0.23),(0.93±0.21),(0.96±0.19)]低于正常对照组,差异有显著性(均P ＜0.01),双侧前扣带回皮质NAA/Cr值与正常对照组差异无显著性( P >0.05).抗抑郁治疗后,左侧额前皮质NAA/Cr值(1.63±0.42)较治疗前(1.29±0.18)升高( P =0.010);右侧额前皮质、双侧海马、右侧前扣带回皮质NAA/Cr值较治疗前均有所升高,但无统计学意义( P >0.05);双侧额前皮质、双侧前扣带回皮质、左侧海马NAA/Cr值治疗后与正常对照组无显著差异( P >0.05).结论 额前皮质和海马N-乙酰天冬氨酸的含量改变与抑郁症的发生和抗抑郁剂的疗效有关.     

自杀未遂抑郁症患者海马代谢物水平的磁共振波谱研究

目的 探讨自杀未遂抑郁症患者海马磁共振质子波谱(1H-MRS)的代谢特点.方法 应用1H-MRS成像系统检测24例自杀未遂抑郁症患者和24名健康对照双侧海马N-乙酰天冬安酸(NAA)、胆碱复合物(Cho)、肌醇(mI)和肌酸(Cr)等4种代谢产物,分别计算海马双侧NAA/Cr、Cho/Cr以及mI/Cr比值,作为反映NAA、Cho和mI水平的评估指标.分析患者组和对照组之间代谢指标的组间差异性;利用组内代谢指标双侧比较,结合单侧化指数分析海马代谢的左右对称性.结果 自杀未遂抑郁症组左侧海马NAA/Cr(1.50±0.20)明显低于对照组(1.80±0.16),差异具有显著性(P<0.05).对照组左侧海马NAA/Cr明显高于右侧(1.45±0.15),差异具有显著性(P<0.05),自杀未遂抑郁症组左右两侧海马NAA/Cr差异无显著性(P>0.05).单侧化指数分析显示,对照组双侧海马NAA/Cr具有不对称性(LNAA/Cr=1.09±0.03,P<0.05),自杀未遂抑郁症组双侧海马NAA/Cr不对称性(P>0.05).自杀未遂抑郁症组任何代谢指标与疾病病程、发作次数、疾病严重程度(HAMDl7评分)和药物使用无显著相关性(P>0.05).结论 自杀未遂抑郁症左侧海马代谢下降,双侧海马代谢不对称性消失.     

精神分裂症患者前额叶和丘脑神经元代谢的质子波谱分析

目的 探讨精神分裂症患者前额叶和丘脑的氢质子磁共振波谱(1H-MRS)特点及相关影响因素.方法 以符合中国精神障碍分类与诊断标准(CCMD-3)的159例精神分裂症患者(患者组)为研究对象,并以45名正常人为对照(对照组).所有受试者在入组后采用多体素1H-MRS检测前额叶和丘脑N-乙酰基天门冬氨酸(NAA)、胆碱复合物(Cho)与肌酸复合物(Cr),完成NAA/Cr值、Cho/Cr值的计算,并进行比较分析.患者组在入组时进行阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)、社会功能缺陷量表(SDSS)、威斯康星卡片分类测验(WCST)检测,分别评定患者的临床症状、社会功能和执行功能.结果 患者组左侧前额叶、左侧丘脑和右侧丘脑NAA/Cr值分别为(1.42±0.34)、(1.46±0.35)、(1.49 ±0.34),均低于对照组(t值分别为3.70,3.32,2.04,P＜0.01或0.05).多元逐步回归分析显示,影响左侧前额叶NAA/Cr值的主要因素是发病年龄、病程、阴性症状分、服药情况、PANSS总分、WCST完成分类数、SDSS总分、受教育年限;影响左侧丘脑NAA/Cr值的主要因素是发病年龄、病程、服药情况;影响右侧丘脑NAA/Cr值的主要因素是病程、发病年龄、阴性症状分、服药情况、家族史.结论 精神分裂症患者前额叶和丘脑神经元代谢异常的影响因素涉及多个方面,其中发病年龄、病程、抗精神病药物的影响明显.     

青少年抑郁症患者额叶、海马及丘脑的1H-MRS分析研究

目的探讨青少年抑郁症患者额叶、海马及丘脑部位的神经生化代谢物质水平变化。方法利用质子磁共振波谱分析（1H-MRS）技术分别定量分析28例青少年抑郁症患者（抑郁组）和28例健康青少年（对照组）的前额叶皮质、海马及丘脑中生化代谢物质N-乙酰天门冬氨酸（NAA）、胆碱复合物（Cho）、谷氨酸复合物（Glx）、肌酸复合物（Cr2、Cr）及肌醇（mI）的水平,并计算NAA/Cr、Cho/Cr、GLx/Cr、mI/Cr、Cr2/Cr的值。结果抑郁症组双侧前额叶皮质和海马组织的NAA/Cr值均明显低于正常对照组（P〈0.01或P〈0.05）。抑郁症组双侧前额叶皮质Cho/Cr值均高于正常对照组（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。右侧额叶和右侧海马的Glx/Cr值均低于正常对照组（P〈0.05）,差异有统计学意义。右侧海马mI/Cr值高于正常对照组（P〈0.05）。丘脑中各种代谢物的相对含量在抑郁症组与对照组间的比较,差异不显著（P〉0.05）。结论青少年抑郁症患者的额叶和海马是发病过程中的主要影响部位,其中NAA水平的变化与抑郁症的发生最为密切。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.