基于计步器的运动管理对2型糖尿病患者糖脂代谢的影响

目的：探讨以电子计步器为基础的运动管理对2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者运动血糖以及血脂的影响。方法选择2012-2015年在本院接受体检、疗养和治疗的80例T2DM患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其随机分为干预组和对照组,每组40例。对照组采取常规糖尿病管理策略,干预组在常规治疗的基础上配发电子计步器,经过2周的适应后,要求患者晚餐后进行3000~4000步/30~40 min的运动,运动频率每周不少于5 d。12周后比较两组患者的糖脂代谢指标的变化并进行统计学分析。结果干预组中有3例患者未能完成试验,与对照组比较,其余37例患者空腹血糖[(7.5±0.7) mmol/L vs (7.1±0.6) mmol/L)]、空腹C肽[(2.5±1.0) ng/mL vs (1.9±1.1) ng/mL]、空腹胰岛素[(13.3±2.2) mU/L vs (11.1±2.6) mU/L]、糖化血红蛋白[(7.5±0.7)%vs (7.0±0.8)%]、2 h血糖[(10.5±2.2) mmol/L vs (7.0±0.8) mmol/L ]及胰岛素抵抗指数[(3.9±2.6) vs (2.3±2.1)]均有显著改善,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预组低密度脂蛋白胆固醇为(2.6±1.0) mmol/L,较对照组的(3.1±0.9) mmol/L明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于电子计步器的运动干预可以明显提高T2DM患者的运动主动性及依从性,且能够不同程度的改善糖脂代谢,值得进一步推广。     

二甲双胍联合吡格列酮对2型糖尿病患者糖脂代谢及胰岛素抵抗的影响

目的分析二甲双胍联合吡格列酮对2型糖尿病患者糖脂代谢及胰岛素抵抗的影响。方法对2010年3月至2013年3月云南省第三人民医院收治的80例2型糖尿病患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为两组,各40例。对照组予以二甲双胍治疗,每次250 mg,每日2次,观察组在对照组的基础上,联合吡格列酮治疗,吡格列酮每日1次,每次1片。检测观察组与对照组治疗前后患者的空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、三酰甘油、胰岛素抵抗指数。评价治疗后两组疗效。结果观察组总体有效率显著高于对照组[92.5%(37/40)比72.5%(29/40)],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组的空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、三酰甘油、胰岛素抵抗指数显著低于对照组[(6.4±1.2)mmol/L比(7.9±1.2)mmol/L,(9.3±1.4)mmol/L比(10.7±1.5)mmol/L,(1.8±0.4)mmol/L比(2.1±0.4)mmol/L,2.2±0.3比3.5±0.7],差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论二甲双胍联合吡格列酮能明显改善2型糖尿病患者糖脂代谢及胰岛素抵抗,且疗效明显优于单纯二甲双胍用药。     

甘精胰岛素联合阿卡波糖对比诺和灵30R治疗老年2型糖尿病患者疗效评价

目的对老年2型糖尿病患者应用甘精胰岛素联合阿卡波糖治疗、诺和灵30R对比治疗,评价甘精胰岛素联合阿卡波糖、诺和灵30R治疗的疗效。方法选择老年2型糖尿病患者70例,时间为2016年3月至2017年3月,并分为不同的治疗方式:诺和灵30R治疗、甘精胰岛素联合阿卡波糖治疗,不同治疗方式的组别名称:对照组、研究组。经SPSS21.0系统分析组间的空腹血糖水平、餐后2h血糖水平和低血糖发生率数据指标。结果研究组老年2型糖尿病患者应用甘精胰岛素联合阿卡波糖治疗的空腹血糖水平[(7.22±0.55)mmol/L]、餐后2h血糖水平[(10.11±1.32)mmol/L]、糖化血红蛋白[(6.51±0.31)%]与对照组[空腹血糖水平:(7.99±0.53)mmol/L、餐后2h血糖水平:(10.06±1.26)mmol/L、糖化血红蛋白(6.79±0.46)%]相比差异不显著,P0.05;但研究组的低血糖发生率(2.86%)数据指标经SPSS21.0系统分析发现低于对照组(25.71%)数据指标,P0.05,差异显著。结论甘精胰岛素联合阿卡波糖治疗老年2型糖尿病患者的疗效肯定,患者的低血糖发生率明显降低。     

2型糖尿病合并高血尿酸患者临床特点分析

目的分析并评价2型糖尿病伴高尿酸血症的临床特点。方法选取2012年1月至2013年3月清苑县人民医院收治的480例2型糖尿病患者,根据血尿酸水平分为糖尿病伴高尿酸血症组(280例)和糖尿病正常血尿酸组(200例),比较两组患者的空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、总胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、空腹胰岛素水平以及并发症发生情况。结果糖尿病伴高尿酸血症组患者空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白水平与糖尿病正常血尿酸组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);总胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、空腹胰岛素水平显著高于糖尿病正常血尿酸组[(5.4±1.0)mmol/L比(4.8±1.1)mmol/L,(2.4±1.1)mmol/L比(1.5±1.0)mmol/L,(3.4±1.0)mmol/L比(2.8±0.9)mmol/L,(16.2±3.5)m U/L比(11.4±3.1)m U/L,P<0.01],高密度脂蛋白胆固醇显著低于糖尿病正常血尿酸组[(1.0±0.4)mmol/L比(1.2±0.5)mmol/L,P<0.01]。糖尿病伴高尿酸血症组患者冠心病、高血压、脑卒中的发生率显著高于糖尿病正常血尿酸组[49.3%(138/280)比27.5%(55/200),61.8%(173/280)比43.0%(86/200),26.4%(74/280)比14.5%(29/200),P<0.01]。结论 2型糖尿病患者不但要控制血糖、血脂、血压等,还应监测血尿酸水平,延缓疾病进展。     

餐后有氧运动对初治肥胖2型糖尿病患者糖脂代谢、胰岛素抵抗及瘦素水平的影响

目的观察餐后有氧运动对初治肥胖2型糖尿病患者糖脂代谢、胰岛素抵抗及瘦素的影响。方法2014年10月—2015年10月湖北省十堰市太和医院内分泌风湿科收治2型糖尿病患者96例,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组48例。对照组患者仅采用常规降糖药治疗,观察组患者在使用降糖药的同时进行餐后有氧运动。治疗3个月后对比2组患者糖脂代谢、胰岛素抵抗及瘦素相关指标的变化。结果治疗后观察组的空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2hPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA_(1c))均明显低于对照组[分别为(6.11±1.20)mmol/L vs.(7.31±1.46)mmol/L、(8.09±1.36)mmol/L vs.(9.42±1.34)mmol/L、(6.23±1.13)%vs.(7.13±1.35)%],差异均有统计学意义(t=4.40、4.83、3.54,P<0.05);TG、TC、LDL-C均低于对照组[分别为(2.69±0.68)mmol/L vs.(3.02±0.58)mmol/L,(4.98±0.81)mmol/L vs.(6.01±0.72)mmol/L,(3.32±1.02)mmol/L vs.(3.87±0.98)mmol/L],差异均有统计学意义(t=2.56、6.58、2.69,P<0.05);HDL-C水平高于对照组[(1.09±0.21)mmol/L vs.(0.96±0.23)mmol/L,t=2.69,P<0.05];胰岛素抵抗指数与瘦素均低于对照组[(3.01±1.19)vs.(4.03±1.32),(5.43±2.64)μg/L vs.(7.09±2.21)μg/L],差异均有统计学意义(t=3.98、3.34,P<0.05)。结论初治肥胖2型糖尿病患者同时联合餐后有氧运动效果更佳,能明显提高糖脂代谢的能力,降低胰岛素抵抗和瘦素水平,安全可靠。     

葡甘聚糖与阿卡波糖治疗2型糖尿病疗效比较

目的 观察葡甘聚糖(魔芋的主要成分)与阿卡波糖对2型糖尿病患者血糖、血脂及血压的影响.方法 随机选择248例2型糖尿病患者,按1∶1随机分成两组,在不改变原有治疗的情况下分别给予葡甘聚糖和阿卡波糖,12周后评价葡甘聚糖组和阿卡波糖组患者血糖、血脂及血压.结果 治疗后葡甘聚糖组和阿卡波糖组患者糖化血红蛋白[(6.4±1.1)%和(6.3±1.0)%]、空腹血糖[(7.0±1.7)mmol/L和(6.9±1.8)mmol/L]、餐后2 h血糖[(10.0±3.7)mmol/L和(10.0±4.2)mmol/L]、收缩压[(124±15)mm Hg和(124±15)mm Hg]、舒张压[(78±9)mm Hg和(79±9)mm Hg]、三酰甘油[(1.8±0.8)mmol/L和(1.8±0.9)mmol/L]、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇[(3.1±0.8)mmol/L和(3.0±0.8)mmol/L]水平与治疗前[葡甘聚糖组分别为(7.9±0.7)%、(8.2±1.6)mmol/L、(14.0±3.2)mmol/L、(130±15)mm Hg、(84±8)mm Hg、(2.1±1.0)mmol/L、(3.4±0.9)mmol/L;阿卡波糖组分别为(7.8±0.6)%、(8.2±1.6)mmol/L、(14.0±3.3)mmol/L、(130±15)mm Hg、(82±6)mm Hg、(2.0±1.0)mmol/L、(3.2±0.7)mmol/L]比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);且治疗后葡甘聚糖组和阿卡波糖组患者糖化血红蛋白、空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、血压、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇[(1.27±0.24)mmol/L和(1.28±0.29)mmol/L]水平间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 葡甘聚糖与阿卡波糖均能降低2型糖尿患者血糖、血脂水平及血压,且二者效果相当.从卫生经济学角度讲,葡甘聚糖价廉优势使其更适合社区卫生服务.     

门冬胰岛素对妊娠期糖尿病患者血糖和妊娠结局的影响

目的：探讨胰岛素类似物门冬胰岛素注射液对妊娠期糖尿病患者血糖和妊娠结局的影响。方法将84例妊娠期糖尿病患者随机分为观察组和对照组(n=42),观察组给予门冬胰岛素注射液治疗,对照组给予运动控制饮食的普通治疗,每天检测患者餐前、餐后血糖和糖化血红蛋白含量,并统计妊娠结果,即围产儿健康情况。结果观察组患者的餐前[(5.48±1.23)mmol/L vs (6.10±1.36)mmol/L]、餐后血糖[(6.24±1.19)mmol/L vs (6.93±1.47) mmol/L]含量明显低于对照组(P<0.05),且围产儿健康率(64.3%)明显高于对照组(35.7%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论门冬胰岛素注射液治疗妊娠期糖尿病患者具有较好疗效。     

不同饮食对糖尿病患者血糖的影响

目的:探讨糖尿病(DM)患者不同饮食治疗后血糖的变化.方法:糖尿病(DM)患者80例分为馒头餐组40例和米粉餐组40例,比较30min、60min、120min、180min餐后血糖水平,结果: 馒头餐组60min、120min、180min餐后血糖[(13.57±4.21)mmol/L、(25.32±5.37)mmol/L、(23.12±4.59)mmol/L]明显高于米粉餐组[(11.42±4.37)mmol/L、(13.12±4.89)mmol/L、(11.57±5.62)mmol/L](t=2.24,t=2.73,t=2.80,P<0.05～0.01).结论:DM患者进食米粉餐更利于血糖控制.     

天麦消渴片联合二甲双胍对2型糖尿病合并非酒精性脂肪肝的临床观察及对肝脏脂肪含量的影响

目的探讨天麦消渴片联合二甲双胍对2型糖尿病合并非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)的临床疗效。方法选取2010年7月至2013年7月武汉市普仁医院收治的2型糖尿病合并(NAFLD)患者70例,采用随机数字表法分为观察组(35例)和对照组(35例)。对照组口服二甲双胍片,每次2片,每日3次,观察组给予天麦消渴片联合二甲双胍,每次2片,每日2次。比较两组患者治疗后血脂、血糖水平和肝功能指标、肝脏脂肪含量,并计算两组患者治疗前后胰岛β细胞功能指数(HOMA-β)和胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)。结果治疗12周后观察组总胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白水平均显著低于对照组[(4.2±0.9)mmol/L比(5.0±0.9)mmol/L,(1.2±0.3)mmol/L比(4.7±0.5)mmol/L,(1.39±0.17)mmol/L比(2.59±0.33)mmol/L,(5.4±0.7)mmol/L比(6.3±1.1)mmol/L,(8.0±2.1)mmol/L比(9.3±1.7)mmol/L,(7.0±0.7)%比(7.6±1.0)%,P<0.05或P<0.01],高密度脂蛋白胆固醇显著高于对照组[(1.17±0.21)mmol/L比(1.01±0.23)mmol/L,P<0.01];观察组天冬氨酸转氨酶、丙氨酸转氨酶、体质指数、肝脏脂肪含量均显著低于对照组[(32.9±9.4)mmol/L比(38.9±11.5)mmol/L,(35.6±6.7)mmol/L比(41.8±7.3)mmol/L,(22.4±3.8)kg/m2比(24.2±3.9)kg/m2,(55.3±4.3)%比(56.2±3.2)%,P<0.05或P<0.01]。治疗12周后观察组HOMA-β显著高于对照组、HOMA-IR显著低于对照组[(76.5±21.7)%比(63.1±20.4)%,(2.6±0.5)比(3.2±0.6),P<0.05或P<0.01]。结论天麦消渴片联合二甲双胍能够通过降低血糖水平、改善胰岛素抵抗、提高胰岛素敏感性、减轻肝脏内脂肪沉积、纠正血脂异常等方面,治疗2型糖尿病合并非酒精性脂肪肝。     

奥氮平对精神分裂症患者血脂联素和瘦素水平的影响

目的 观测奥氮平治疗对精神分裂症患者体质量、血糖、血脂及血清脂联素和瘦素水平的影响.方法 在中山大学附属第三医院治疗的精神分裂症患者20例,给予奥氮平单药治疗达6周.测量治疗前后身高和体质量,并检测空腹血糖、血清甘油三酯、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白、血清脂联素和瘦素水平的变化.结果 奥氮平治疗6周后体质量、体质量指数、甘油三酯、胆固醇[分别为(65.06±9.91)kg,(23.91±3.01)ks/m2,(2.15±0.15)mmoL/L,(5.91±1.47)mmol/L]比治疗前[分别为(60.48±9.41)kg,(22.02±2.39)kg/m2,(1.26±0.51)mmol/L,(4.63±1.10)mmol/L]显著升高(P<0.05),治疗后脂联素、瘦素水平[分别为(45.14±16.72)peCmi,(9.55±3.36)ns/m1]比治疗前[分别为(41.22±16.36)μg/ml,(4.16±5.11)ng/ml]显著升高(P<0.05).spearman相关分析表明治疗后体质量与瘦素水平成明显正相关(r=0.560,P=0.046).结论 奥氮平治疗早期即可出现体质量增加和脂代谢异常,同时血脂联素和瘦素水平均升高.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.