云南香格里拉的带绦虫rDNA-ITS1序列测定及分析

目的利用分子生物学技术鉴定产于云南香格里拉带绦虫的种类,以明确当地是否存在亚洲带绦虫。方法从云南香格里拉采集带绦虫标本株成虫节片,抽提DNA,PCR扩增rDNA-ITS1区段,克隆此片段后做序列测定;结合GenBank中已知的亚洲带绦虫、牛带绦虫、猪带绦虫rDNA-ITS1序列,经DNAMAN软件处理后计算遗传距离并构建系统发育树状图。结果香格里拉的带绦虫标本与GenBank中已知的亚洲带绦虫序列同源性为99%;与牛带绦虫同源性98%;与猪带绦虫同源性92%。系统发育树显示:香格里拉标本与亚洲带绦虫标本遗传距离最近,距牛带绦虫标本较远,与猪带绦虫则更远。结论云南香格里拉存在亚洲带绦虫。     

用mtCO技术测定云南及贵州四地区的牛带绦虫

目的　用mtCO技术鉴定云南省大理及贵州省都匀、从江等地所发现的是牛带绦虫或牛带绦虫亚洲亚种。　方法　采集成虫样本,抽提DNA,PCR扩增线粒体细胞色素C氧化酶(mtCO)部分基因片段并测序,经PHYLIP软件包处理,计算遗传距离并构建系统发育树状图。　结果　云南省兰坪、大理和贵州省都匀的标本mtCO基因片段序列与已知牛带绦虫亚洲亚种的序列相同。贵州从江的标本mtCO基因片段序列与已知牛带绦虫的序列相同。两组基因片段的同源性达97.44%,氨基酸序列同源性达99.16%。系统发育树状图显示,牛带绦虫亚洲亚种和牛带绦虫最为接近,远离猪带绦虫及其他绦虫。　结论　云南省兰坪、大理及贵州省都匀存在牛带绦虫亚洲亚种,贵州省从江发现的虫种为牛带绦虫。     

用mtCO技术测定云南及贵州四地区的牛带绦虫

目的　用 mt CO 技术鉴定云南省大理及贵州省都匀、从江等地所发现的是牛带绦虫或牛带绦虫亚洲亚种。　方法　采集成虫样本 ,抽提 DNA,PCR扩增线粒体细胞色素 C氧化酶 (mt CO )部分基因片段并测序 ,经PHYL IP软件包处理 ,计算遗传距离并构建系统发育树状图。　结果　云南省兰坪、大理和贵州省都匀的标本 mt CO 基因片段序列与已知牛带绦虫亚洲亚种的序列相同。贵州从江的标本 mt CO 基因片段序列与已知牛带绦虫的序列相同。两组基因片段的同源性达 97.4 4 % ,氨基酸序列同源性达 99.16 %。系统发育树状图显示 ,牛带绦虫亚洲亚种和牛带绦虫最为接近 ,远离猪带绦虫及其他绦虫。　结论　云南省兰坪、大理及贵州省都匀存在牛带绦虫亚洲亚种 ,贵州省从江发现的虫种为牛带绦虫。     

云南西部三地带绦虫生物多态性分子遗传学标记的研究

目的利用分子遗传学标记对采自云南西部楚雄、大理和怒江三地带绦虫进行生物多态性研究。方法取云南楚雄株、大理株、怒江株和贵州从江株成虫节片,抽提线粒体DNA,PCR扩增线粒体DNA细胞色素B（mtDNA-Cytb）序列部分区段,并测序;结合GenBank中已知猪带绦虫和亚洲带绦虫mtDNA-Cytb序列,构建系统发育树。结果序列分析显示云南大理和怒江带绦虫mtDNA-Cytb序列部分区段完全一致,同源性为100%;云南楚雄和贵州从江带绦虫mtDNA-Cytb序列部分区段基本一致,同源性为99%。系统发育树显示云南怒江和大理带绦虫与台湾亚洲带绦虫的遗传距离较近,距云南楚雄、贵州从江牛带绦虫较远,与猪带绦虫则更远。结论云南大理和怒江带绦虫属于亚洲带绦虫,云南楚雄带绦虫属于牛带绦虫。mtDNA-Cytb序列分析可以用于带绦虫生物多态性研究。     

分子分类结合形态学方法对云南香格里拉带绦虫种类的鉴定

目的鉴定云南香格里拉带绦虫的种类。方法首先对香格里拉株带绦虫成虫进行形态学鉴定;从成虫节片中抽提DNA,PCR扩增rDNA-ITS1区段,克隆测序;结合GenBank中已知的亚洲带绦虫、牛带绦虫和猪带绦虫rD-NA-ITS1序列,构建系统发育树状图。结果香格里拉带绦虫形态学和牛带绦虫相似,测序结果与GenBank中的亚洲带绦虫序列基本一致,同源性分别为99%和100%;系统发育树显示,香格里拉带绦虫与亚洲带绦虫的遗传距离最近,距牛带绦虫较远,距猪带绦虫则更远。结论经形态学和分子生物学鉴定,云南香格里拉株带绦虫属于亚洲带绦虫。     

用mtCOⅠ技术测定云南及贵州四地区的牛带绦虫

目的用mtCO Ⅰ技术鉴定云南省大理及贵州省都匀、从江等地所发现的是牛带绦虫或牛带绦虫亚洲亚种.方法采集成虫样本,抽提DNA,PCR扩增线粒体细胞色素C氧化酶Ⅰ(mtCO Ⅰ)部分基因片段并测序,经PHYLIP软件包处理,计算遗传距离并构建系统发育树状图.结果云南省兰坪、大理和贵州省都匀的标本mtCO Ⅰ基因片段序列与已知牛带绦虫亚洲亚种的序列相同.贵州从江的标本mtCOⅠ基因片段序列与已知牛带绦虫的序列相同.两组基因片段的同源性达97.44%,氨基酸序列同源性达99.16%.系统发育树状图显示,牛带绦虫亚洲亚种和牛带绦虫最为接近,远离猪带绦虫及其他绦虫.结论云南省兰坪、大理及贵州省都匀存在牛带绦虫亚洲亚种,贵州省从江发现的虫种为牛带绦虫.     

分子分类结合形态学方法对云南大理带绦虫的鉴定

目的 鉴定云南大理洱源(E1-E2)、鹤庆(H1-H2)、双廊(SL)、挖色(WS)带绦虫的种.方法 首先对大理分离株带绦虫成虫进行形态学鉴定,从成虫节片中抽提DNA,PCR扩增线粒体DNA细胞色素B(mtDNA-Cyth)的部分序列并测序;结合GenBank中已知猪带绦虫、牛带绦虫和亚洲带绦虫mtDNA-Cytb序列,经DNAMAN软件处理后构建系统发育树状图.结果大理带绦虫E1的形态和牛带绦虫相似,系统发育树显示大理分离株E1、E2、SL、WS带绦虫标本与亚洲带绦虫的遗传距离最接近,距牛带绦虫较远,与猪带绦虫则更远.大理分离株H1、H2带绦虫标本与猪带绦虫的遗传距离最近,距牛带绦虫和亚洲带绦虫则较远.结论 经形态学和分子生物学鉴定,云南大理分离株E1、E2、SL、WS带绦虫标本属于亚洲带绦虫,而H1、H2株带绦虫标本属于猪带绦虫.     

云南大理白族带绦虫mtDNA-Cytb序列测定及分析

目的利用分子遗传标记对采自云南大理白族地区人体带绦虫标本进行生物多态性的研究。方法从云南大理采集人体带绦虫标本株成虫节片,抽提虫体基因组DNA,PCR扩增线粒体DNA细胞色素B(mtDNA-Cytb)序列部分片段,测序;结合GenBank中已知猪带绦虫、牛带绦虫和亚洲带绦虫mtDNA-Cytb序列,经DNAMAN软件处理后计算遗传距离并构建系统发育树状图。结果大理白族带绦虫标本系统发育树显示大理(B1,B2,B5,B6)株带绦虫标本与亚洲带绦虫的遗传距离最接近,距牛带绦虫标本较远,与猪带绦虫则更远。大理(B3,B4)株带绦虫标本与猪带绦虫的遗传距离最接近,距牛带绦虫和亚洲带绦虫标本远。结论云南大理(B1,B2,B5,B6)株带绦虫标本属于亚洲带绦虫,而(B3,B4)株带绦虫标本属于猪带绦虫;mtDNA-Cytb序列分析可以用于带绦虫生物多态性研究。     

云南4个少数民族带绦虫分子鉴定研究

目的 利用分子遗传标志对采自云南西部彝族(楚雄)、傈僳族(怒江)、普米族(怒江)、白族(大理)等4个少数民族带绦虫标本作生物多态性的研究. 方法取云南彝族分离株、傈僳分离株、普米分离株、白族分离株和贵州从江分离株带绦虫成虫节片,提取线粒体DNA,PCR扩增线粒体DNA细胞色素B(mtDNA-Cytb)序列部分片段测序;结合GenBank中已知猪带绦虫、牛带绦虫和牛带绦虫亚洲亚种 mtDNA-Cytb序列,使用PHYLIP软件包运用最大似然法和最大简约法构建系统发育树.结果系统发育树显示云南傈僳族、普米族和白族带绦虫标本与台湾牛带绦虫业洲业种的遗传距离最接近,距云南彝族、贵州从江牛带绦虫标本较远,与猪带绦虫则更远. 结论云南傈僳族(怒江)、普米族(怒江)和白族(大理)带绦虫标本属于牛带绦虫亚洲弧种,云南彝族(楚雄)带绦虫标本属于牛带绦虫;mtDNA-Cytb 序列分析可以用于带绦虫生物多态性研究.     

我国西部6省9地牛带绦虫rDNA-ITS1序列测定及分析

目的利用分子生物学技术鉴定我国6省9地是否存在牛带绦虫亚洲亚种。方法取成虫标本孕节2~3片,酚氯仿法提取DNA,PCR法扩增rDNA-ITS1片段,并纯化、克隆此片段后作序列测定。利用BioEdit,clustalx,PHYLIP,Treeview软件处理后构建系统发育树。结果广西融水(RS)、宾阳(BY)牛带绦虫标本与贵州都匀(DY),云南大理(DL)牛带绦虫标本序列基本一致,同源性为98%~99%;新疆乌什(WS)、西藏拉萨(LS)、内蒙古(NM)、云南西双版纳(BN)牛带绦虫标本与贵州从江(CJ)牛带绦虫标本序列基本一致,同源性为98%~99%。系统发育树显示:RS、BY、DL和DY标本遗传距离较近;WS、LS、CJ、NM和BN标本遗传距离较近。而两组间遗传距离较远。结论RS、BY、DL和DY四地存在牛带绦虫亚洲亚种;WS、LS、CJ、NM和BN五地存在传统牛带绦虫。     

云南、贵州两省38条人体带绦虫的分子鉴别

目的对采自云南、贵州两省的38条人体带绦虫进行分子鉴别,了解当地猪带绦虫、牛带绦虫和亚洲带绦虫的分布状况。方法对云南大理和贵州都匀及从江地区有排节片史的病人以槟榔-南瓜子法驱虫,虫体经形态学初步鉴别后,以组织DNA提取试剂盒提取虫体基因组DNA,分别采用亚洲带绦虫、牛带绦虫和猪带绦虫线粒体细胞色素C氧化酶亚单位1基因(cox1)片段的特异性引物对各DNA样品进行常规PCR扩增和琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测;PCR阴性样品采用带绦虫cox1片段PCR通用引物进行扩增,并选择1份亚洲带绦虫特异性PCR阳性的样品作为对照。从3种带绦虫PCR阳性的扩增产物中各选择1份进行核酸序列测定,并用NCBIBlast将各核酸序列与GenBank数据库中带绦虫的cox1进行比对分析。结果采自大理的4条带绦虫(DL1～4)的猪带绦虫cox1片段PCR为阳性,扩增产物约980bp;其余25条大理带绦虫(DL5～29)和5条都匀带绦虫(DY1～5)的亚洲带绦虫cox1片段PCR为阳性,扩增产物约260bp;各样品的牛带绦虫cox1片段PCR均为阴性。DL2PCR产物的核酸序列与GenBank中猪带绦虫cox1的同源性为99%～100%,DY1PCR产物的核酸序列与亚洲带绦虫cox1的同源性为100%。特异性PCR均阴性的4条从江带绦虫(CJ1～4)和亚洲带绦虫特异性PCR阳性的DL7以带绦虫cox1片段通用引物的PCR扩增出约1kb的产物。测序表明,CJ1片段的核酸序列与牛带绦虫cox1的同源性为99%,DL7与亚洲带绦虫cox1的同源性为99%～100%。结论cox1片段PCR扩增和核酸测序分析表明,采集的云南大理人体带绦虫为猪带绦虫和亚洲带绦虫,贵州都匀和从江人体带绦虫分别为亚洲带绦虫和牛带绦虫。     

云南6地域带绦虫mtCOXⅠ片段序列测定分析

目的利用mtCOXⅠ片段的PCR和序列测定鉴定云南6地域（怒江、大理、迪庆、西双版纳、临沧、楚雄）带绦虫的虫种,并构建系统发育树。方法从6地域采集带绦虫成虫,抽提DNA,PCR扩增mtCOXⅠ片段,并做序列测定;结合GenBank中已知的猪带绦虫、牛带绦虫、亚洲带绦虫mtCOXⅠ序列,经DNA MAN软件处理后计算遗传距离并构建系统发育树状图。结果遗传距离矩阵表显示：NJ4、NJ1和DQ2的遗传距离为99.8%,DL4和NJ3的遗传距离为99.5%,NJ2和DQ3的遗传距离为98.8%,DL3与BZ3的遗传距离为98.3%,而与BZ2的遗传距离为96.0%;系统发育树显示：NJ1～4、DL2～3及DQ1～3共10个标本株与BZ3聚为一支.BN1、CX1、LC1与BZ2聚为一支,两支交汇后再与由DL1和BZ1聚合的一支汇合。结论怒江和迪庆各株为亚洲带绦虫,西双版纳、临沧和楚雄株为牛带绦虫,大理株为亚洲带绦虫和猪带绦虫。同虫种不存在地理区域的差异。mtCOXⅠ片段的序列测定可用于带绦虫分类鉴定。     

Human Taeniasis and cysticercosis in Asia

CONTEXT: Human Taeniasis caused by the pork, Taenia solium, or beef, T saginata, tapeworm arises after eating pork or beef contaminated with metacestodes, the larval stage of these parasites. Taeniasis with T solium can lead to neurocysticercosis and threaten others by accidental ingestion of eggs released from asymptomatic Taeniasis patients. The 2003 World Health Assembly declared that T solium is of worldwide public-health importance, and that it is an eradicable parasitic disease worldwide. Adult taeniid tapeworms expelled from people in almost all Asian countries appeared to be T saginata (the so-called Asian Taenia), even though they ate pork. The organism is now named T asiatica, and has been found in Taiwan, Korea, China, Vietnam, and Indonesia. But it has been difficult to differentiate T saginata from beef and Asian Taenia from pork. STARTING POINT: Marshall Lightowlers and colleagues (Int J Parasitol 2003; 33: 1207-17) recently demonstrated that recombinant oncosphere vaccines against several taeniid cestodes, including T ovis, T saginata, T solium, and Echinococcus granulosus, are highly effective. Protection was almost 100%, in the laboratory and in the field. These researchers found several common features, including a predicted secretory signal sequence, and one or two copies of a fibronectin type III domain, each encoded by separate exons within the associated gene. WHERE NEXT? Molecular and immunological techniques, including vaccine research and development of animal models for differentiation of taeniid species in humans, have greatly advanced over the past decade. The clinical importance of infections by these taeniids, including T asiatica, in humans, and the potential for cysticercosis attributable to T asiatica in humans, needs further study.     

云南保山和普洱地区带绦虫线粒体DNA基因编码核糖体RNA小亚基基因序列分析

目的 利用线粒体DNA基因编码核糖体RNA小亚基(mtDNA-12S rRNA)基因序列分析对采自云南保山、普洱地区的带绦虫标本进行鉴定.方法 选取保山(7条,BS1-BS7)、普洱(2条,PE1～PE2)带绦虫成虫节片,抽提基因组DNA,PCR扩增mtDNA-12S rRNA基因序列,并测序;结合GenBank中已知的猪带绦虫(ZD)、牛带绦虫(ND)、亚洲带绦虫(YZ)mtDNA-12S rRNA基因序列,经DNA MAN软件处理后构建同源树状图与系统发育树状图.结果 带绦虫同源树与系统发育树状图显示,BS1、BS2、BS4、BS5与YZ的同源性最近(99%).BS3、BS6、BS7、PE1、PE2与ND的同源性最近(99%).结论 云南保山存在牛带绦虫与亚洲带绦虫,普洱存在牛带绦虫,mtDNA-12S rRNA基因序列可用于三种带绦虫的分类研究.

Abstract：

Objective To identify Taenia cestodes specimens collected from Baoshan and Puer regions of Yunnan Province by analyzing mitochondrial DNA gene encoding ribosomal RNA small subunit (mtDNA-12S rRNA) gene sequence. Methods The adult Taenia cestode samples were collected from Baoshan and Puer regions of Yunnan Province. The genomic DNA was extracted and mtDNA-12S rRAN gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), then sequenced.Combined with the known mtDNA-12S rRNA gene sequence of Taenia solium, Taenia saginata,Taenia asiatica in GenBank, homology tree and phylogenetic tree were constructed by DNA MAN software. Results Taenia cestode homology tree and phylogenetic tree showed that gene sequences of BS1, BS2, BS4 and BS5 were most close to YZ with identity of 99% and those of BS3, BS6, BST,PE1 and PE2 were most close to ND with identity of 99%. Conclusions Taenia saginata and Taenia asiatica can be found in Baoshan area, while Taenia saginata can be found in Puer area. The gene sequence of mtDNA-12S rRNA can be used for clarifying the three types of Taenia cestode.     

Taeniasis/cysticercosis in a Tibetan population in Sichuan Province, China

The results of a preliminary survey of taeniasis/cysticercosis in Yajiang County, Ganze Tibetan Prefecture in southwest Sichuan Province, China, indicated a very high prevalence of taeniasis (22.5%), with Taenia saginata as the dominant species. There was also a significant occurrence of late-onset epilepsy (8.5% prevalence and 16.4% seropositive for Taenia solium antibodies) attributable in large part to probable neurocysticercosis caused by T. solium. The poor sanitation and hygiene in this Tibetan community likely contributed to a high risk of human cysticercosis despite a low level of T. solium taeniasis (actually no T. solium carriers were detected amongst the 21 proven Taenia carriers). In addition, three taeniasis cases were confirmed by DNA genotyping as Taenia asiatica, which is the first report of this tapeworm in Tibetans, the first report for Sichuan Province and only the third report for mainland China.