腹部“翼型”带蒂皮瓣在手部创伤缺损修复术中的应用

对52例手部创伤后皮肤软组织缺损患者,采用腹部"翼型"带蒂皮瓣修复,皮瓣均100%成活,伤口愈合良好,并发症少。腹部"翼型"带蒂皮瓣是修复手部创伤软组织缺损的良好方法。     

带髂胫束的股前外侧皮瓣修复前臂复杂创面

目的 介绍应用带髂胫束的股前外侧皮瓣移植修复前臂大面积皮肤软组织缺损并重建前臂的主要伸屈功能.方法 切取带髂胫束的股前外侧皮瓣修复前臂复杂创面8例,髂胫束修复前臂屈肌腱缺损3例,伸肌腱缺损5例,同时用皮瓣轴型血管修复手部血供.结果 本组患者皮瓣全部成活,随访3个月～2.5年,前臂外形满意,皮肤质地柔软,皮瓣恢复保护性感觉,患肢能完成主要的伸屈功能,手腕指关节总活动度(TAM)评价:优良6例,差2例.结论 带髂胫柬的股前外侧皮瓣在修复前臂软组织缺损同时可Ⅰ期重建前臂主要伸或屈功能,是一种简单、理想的手术方法.     

游离皮瓣移植及带蒂皮瓣转移修复手部急性创伤组织缺损

报告采用游离皮瓣移植或带蒂皮瓣转移修复手部创伤性较组织缺损20例，全部皮瓣存活。     

桡动脉逆行岛状皮瓣的临床应用

目的：利用带血管蒂的皮肤组织瓣修复手部皮肤软组织缺损。方法：用前臂桡动脉逆行岛状皮瓣转移修复手部皮肤软组织缺损。结果：手部皮肤软组织缺损全部修复，恢复了手的外形及功能。结论：桡动脉逆行岛状皮瓣在手部皮肤软组织广泛缺损修复中是一种很好的手术方法。     

髂骨皮瓣移植治疗胫骨及软组织缺损

探讨创伤后胫骨合并表面软组织缺损的治疗方法。采用带旋髂深动脉髂骨皮瓣移植修复胫骨及软组织缺损,术后皮瓣均成活,平均6个月移植骨愈合。旋髂深动脉髂骨皮瓣移植是治疗胫骨合并软组织缺损的良好方法。     

修薄胸脐皮瓣修复四肢创面

目的探讨应用修薄后的带蒂或游离胸脐皮瓣对四肢软组织缺损的修复效果。方法采用带蒂胸脐皮瓣修复上肢软组织缺损12例,游离移植修复上、下肢软组织缺损9例。在切取皮瓣时进行修薄,靠近皮瓣中央部需在显微镜下修剪。结果20例皮瓣成活良好,1例坏死。获随访17例,随访时间4个月～5年,皮瓣覆盖处肌腱和骨质无继发坏死、感染;15例皮瓣较周缘皮肤基本平齐或高出2～4mm,2例肥胖患者皮瓣稍显肿胀,但不影响肢体功能。结论应用修薄后的游离或带蒂胸脐皮瓣修复四肢软组织缺损,皮瓣面积大,血管解剖恒定,口径粗,易成活,其外形及功能恢复良好。     

胸腹带蒂皮瓣急诊修复手指软组织缺损的临床疗效观察

目的应用胸腹带蒂皮瓣修复手指软组织缺损并对手术效果进行比较分析。方法设计以第二肋间皮动脉为轴的胸三角皮瓣修复单指软组织缺损,设计以腹部脐以下任意带蒂皮瓣修复单指及多指软组织缺损。结果本组共78例胸腹部皮瓣,其中42例胸三角皮瓣,36例腹部皮瓣,手术后均成活,形态及功能满意。结论胸腹部带蒂皮瓣修复手指软组织缺损手术难度低,适应证宽,适合急诊科应用,胸三角皮瓣优于腹部皮瓣。     

吻合血管皮瓣移植修复前臂和手部复杂性软组织缺损

目的探讨吻合血管皮瓣移植修复前臂和手部复杂软组织缺损的临床效果。方法对17例前臂和手部复杂软组织缺损采用股前外侧皮瓣、胸脐皮瓣、小腿内侧与股前外侧皮瓣的串联皮瓣游离移植修复创面。创面面积11 cm×8 cm～26 cm×9 cm,皮瓣切取面积13 cm×9 cm～27 cm×10 cm。结果移植皮瓣全部成活;8例皮瓣臃肿,需再次手术整形;4例骨缺损在皮瓣成活后半年施行自体髂骨植骨钢板内固定,骨折愈合,前臂的旋转功能和手部功能恢复满意;3例肌腱缺损者术后3～5个月用健侧掌长肌腱或手屈指浅肌腱移植修复,手部功能获得部分恢复;2例尺、桡动脉严重损伤,合并重度皮肤肌肉组织缺损者手部功能获得部分恢复,其余患者前臂旋转功能和手部功能恢复满意。结论吻合血管皮瓣移植能有效地修复前臂和手部复杂软组织缺损,控制创面感染,有助于骨折愈合和手部功能的恢复。     

应用内踝上逆行皮瓣修复足踝部皮肤软组织缺损

目的 观察应用内踝上逆行皮瓣修复足踝部皮肤软组织缺损并骨外露或跟腱外露的效果.方法 自2000年来应用内踝上逆行皮瓣27例,转移修复由车祸外伤、肿瘤等所致的足踝部皮肤软组织缺损并骨外露或跟腱外露.修复皮肤软组织缺损最大面积6cm×14cm,跟骨外露最大面积5cm×10cm.结果 共切取内踝上逆行皮瓣27块,其中血管蒂逆行皮瓣9例,筋膜血管蒂逆行皮瓣12例,带部分皮肤的筋膜血管蒂逆行皮瓣6例.其中1例皮瓣术后坏死,行游离背阔肌肌皮瓣移植修复愈合,其余逆行皮瓣及供瓣区所植皮片均完全成活,术后随访6个月～4年,效果满意.结论 内踝上逆行皮瓣移植是修复足踝部皮肤软组织缺损并骨外露或跟腱外露的理想方法之一.     

带蒂旋髂浅动脉穿支皮瓣与躯干任意皮瓣修复手部电击伤致软组织缺损疗效对比

【摘要】 目的 对比分析带蒂旋髂浅动脉穿支皮瓣与躯干任意皮瓣修复手部电击伤致软组织缺损的临床疗效。方法 选取 2017 年 5 月至 2022 年 6 月河南科技大学第一附属医院收治的 82 例手部电击伤致软组织缺损患者作为研究对象, 按照不同治疗方式将其分为试验组 (40 例) 和对照组 (42 例), 试验组患者软组织缺损创面采用带蒂旋髂浅动脉穿支皮瓣进行修复, 对照组患者软组织缺损创面采用躯干任意皮瓣进行修复, 对比观察两组患者皮瓣血管蒂长度、住院时间、创面愈合时间、手指关节总主动活动度、皮瓣受区支配区域感觉功能与并发症(淋巴瘘、血管危象、瘢痕挛缩) 发生情况。 结果 试验组患者皮瓣血管蒂长度为 (7.89±1.13) cm, 明显长于对照组患者的皮瓣血管蒂长度 (6.29±1.21) cm ( t = 6.181, P<0.001); 住院时间为 (31.14±4.92) d、创面愈合时间为 (40.19±10.23) d, 明显短于对照组患者的住院时间 (33.58±5.03) d、创面愈合时间 (46.62±11.41) d(t = 2.219、2.682, P= 0.029、0.009)。 术后 4 个月, 试验组患者手指关节总主动活动度为良 20 例、中16例、差4例, 明显优于对照组患者的手指关节总主动活动度为良10例、中20例、差12例 (Z = -2.762, P = 0.006);试验组患者皮瓣受区支配区域感觉功能为 5 级8例、4级12例、3级 11 例、2 级 7 例、1 级 2 例, 明显优于对照组患者的皮瓣受区支配区域感觉功能为5级 1 例、4 级 10 例、3 级 10 例、2 级 13 例、1 级 7 例、0 级 1 例 (Z =-3.005, P= 0.002)。试验组患者术后并发症发生率为 17.50%, 明显低于对照组患者的术后并发症发生率40.48% (χ2 = 5.224, P= 0.022)。 结论 与躯干任意皮瓣相比, 带蒂旋髂浅动脉穿支皮瓣可有效修复手部电击伤所致的软组织缺损, 促进手部运动功能及感觉功能恢复, 降低淋巴瘘等并发症发生率。     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.