皮瓣延迟后对皮瓣预制时间影响的实验研究

为了探寻缩短皮瓣预制时间的新方法，作者设计了两组皮瓣预制方法进行比较，Ａ组为皮瓣延迟实验组，Ｂ组正常皮瓣预制对照组，皮瓣预制后２周进行血管灌注检查和皮瓣移植，结果：Ａ组皮瓣成活范围大，植入血管与原皮瓣之间的血管吻合支多；Ｂ组皮瓣成活面积小，血管网形成范围小，吻合支少，结论：皮瓣延迟后皮瓣预制时间可大大缩短，从而缩短了手术周期。     

高压氧对射线照射区游离皮瓣移植影响的实验研究

通过实验，探索射线照射区微血管吻合游离皮瓣移植的成活情况及高压氧对射线照射区吻合血管游离皮瓣移植成活的影响。结果经统计学分析证明，高压氧对射线照射区行吻合血管的游离皮瓣移植的成活率没有明显影响；同时也证明，射线照射区行微血管吻合的游离皮瓣移植的成活率明显低下。     

预构血管化软骨与非血管化软骨移植的对比研究

目的：建立血管化软骨预制的动物模型,研究血管化与非血管化软骨移植的不同,为临床提供必要的依据。方法：选用新西兰白兔24只,为自身对照。左侧为实验组,将耳中央动静脉植入耳软骨与皮肤之间进行血管化软骨预制,术后4周进行软骨皮瓣移植。右侧为对照组,单纯进行软骨移植,在术后1,2,3,4周进行酶组织化学技术、血管墨汁灌注及放射自显影等实验手段进行检测。结果：移植后1－2周实验组在软骨膜下可见到新生的软骨细胞。酶组织化学显示代谢增强,血管束周围可见到血管网。3－4周新生软骨细胞趋于正常软骨细胞,软骨皮瓣血运已重新构成。结论：预制血管化软骨移植后,软骨成活明显增高,成活能力增强。     

前臂游离皮瓣修复口腔颌面部缺损84例

目的：总结提高前臂桡侧游离皮瓣成活率的经验。方法：选择血供良好的左前臂桡侧皮瓣,先从设计皮瓣远端内侧及外侧1／3边缘切开皮瓣的切取和显微外科的血管吻合方法,术后严密观察皮瓣的色泽变化。结果：84例皮瓣修复中,78例完全成活,成活率93％;6例坏死。结论：前臂皮瓣的切取及血管吻合方法的改进可使皮瓣保持血流平衡,提高游离皮瓣的成活率。     

吻合血管的游离皮瓣移植术观察及护理

目的:探讨应用吻合血管的游离皮瓣移植修复四肢大面积皮肤缺损的临床效果及护理原则。方法:应用吻合血管的游离皮瓣移植术,修复皮肤缺损患者12例。手术前后给予规范护理,21天后观察皮瓣是否成活判断疗效。结果:12例术后均成活,随访1~2年外观及功能良好。结论:吻合血管皮瓣移植是修复四肢皮肤缺损合并肌腱或骨关节外露的有效方法,术后正确观察及护理是保证皮瓣成活的关键。     

皮瓣移植在小腿足部软组织缺损的应用（附7例报告）

采用吻合血管的游离皮瓣移植和带血管蒂的皮瓣移植修复小腿足部软组织缺损７例，全部成活，术后随访１￣２．５年小腿足部伤口无复发，功能及皮肤愈合良好。     

全头皮撕脱伤颅骨外露的治疗

目的：探讨严重创伤全头皮撕脱伤颅骨外露的处理。方法：回顾本院治疗3例不同病程全头皮撕脱伤颅骨外露的资料，分别采用急诊吻合血管的全头皮再植、二期吻合血管的双侧股前外侧皮瓣联合移植以及吻合血管的大网膜结合断层皮片移植修复进行分析。结果：3例均取得满意临床效果，急诊再植头皮成活、头发及眉毛生长良好，外型满意；控制感染后二期皮瓣或大网膜游离移植者，均为无头发生长，需配带假发。结论：在有条件的医院，宜急诊吻合血管再植，术后外观满意；为未能急诊再植，应争取早期在伤后一个月内修复为佳。吻合血管的双侧股前外侧皮瓣联合移植是二期修复的有效方法。     

皮瓣移植修复四肢创伤组织缺损的护理

目的总结应用皮瓣移植修复四肢创伤组织缺损的护理方法。方法 2005年3月～2009年8月本院先后对95例四肢创伤组织缺损的病人进行皮瓣移植修复四肢创伤组织缺损术,其中吻合血管游离皮瓣55例,带蒂皮瓣40例。做好术前心理护理和各项术前准备,术后严密观察皮瓣血液循环,及时发现并处理动静脉危象,提高了皮瓣的成活率。结果 95例患者中85例皮瓣成活,占89.47%;患者术后共出现6例动脉危象,4例静脉危象,危象发生率为10.53%,经清除血栓重新吻合动脉和清除血肿后,全部成活。结论 做好患者的术前护理,术后严密观察皮瓣的血运,及时发现潜在不安全因素,是保证移植皮瓣成活的关键。     

口腔颌面部游离皮瓣坏死的危险因素分析

目的 探究口腔颌面部游离皮瓣坏死的危险因素。方法 选择2019年1月至2022年6月在成都市第三人民医院由同一手术团队实施口腔颌面部游离皮瓣移植手术的332例患者为研究对象,对患者性别、年龄、高血压/糖尿病患病情况、颈淋巴清扫手术史、吻合侧颈部手术史、术前放射治疗史/化学治疗史、受区静脉选择、皮瓣供区类型等有可能影响口腔颌面部游离皮瓣成活的危险因素进行单因素分析和多因素Logistic回归分析。结果 纳入患者中,口腔颌面部游离皮瓣成活311例,游离皮瓣坏死21例。不同吻合侧颈部手术史、术前放射治疗史、术前化学治疗史的口腔颌面部游离皮瓣手术患者皮瓣成活率比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,吻合侧颈部手术史、术前放射治疗史是影响口腔颌面部游离皮瓣手术患者皮瓣成活的独立危险因素（P<0.05）。结论 吻合侧颈部手术史、术前放射治疗史会影响口腔颌面部游离皮瓣移植的成活率。在临床治疗或护理过程中,医护人员应对口腔颌面部游离皮瓣手术患者选择针对性的手术方案和术后护理,降低游离皮瓣移植的坏死率。     

肩胛皮瓣游离移植五例报告

本文介绍5例肩胛皮瓣游离移植完全成活的体会。该皮瓣的主要营养血管—旋肩胛血管,解剖位置恒定,容易寻找,管径粗,便于吻合;且该区隐蔽、无毛,皮瓣阔度在10cm以内者,供瓣区直接拉拢缝合,不留显著疤瘢。皮瓣血管网丰富,术后血运良好,成活率高。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.