Rate of development of immunological memory and characteristics of the secondary immune response in mice of strains with high and low reactivity

Immunological memory for sheep's red blood cells develops in mice of strains CBA and DBA/2 and (CBA×C57BL/6)F₁ hybrids 24 h after injection of a small dose of the antigen, but 48 h after injection in C57BL/6 mice. The level of the secondary immune response in CBA, C57BL/6 and F₁ hybrids is significantly higher than in DBA/2 mice. Maximal production of antibody-forming cells in the spleen of the CBA mice is observed after two injections of small doses of the antigen. By contrast to this, to obtain a marked immune response in the case of adoptive transfer of spleen cells of C57BL/6 mice a second injection of a large dose of antigen is required.Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Institute of Medical Genetics, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR N. H. Zhukov-Verezhnikov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 84, No. 10, pp. 454–457, October, 1977.     

Antimorphine antibodies as an indicator of chronic morphine intoxication and impaired immunological reactivity

Chronic intoxication of rats with morphine during 2- and 4-week periods resulted in the emergence of antimorphine antibodies in the blood of 50 and 80% of the animals, respectively, in hemagglutination titers 1∶20 and higher. Antibodies were not detected in the control animals (not treated with morphine) but were detected in 17% of rats given alcohol during a 3-month period. The animals with a high titer of antimorphine antibodies displayed a lower level of humoral reactivity in response to immunization with a thymus-dependent antigen (sheep erythrocytes) compared with the animals with a low titer of the antibodies. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N ^o 7, pp. 74–76, July, 1994     

Effect of low doses of piracetam on conditioned-response memory in rats

Effects of low doses of piracetam, a psychotropic nootropic, on the memory of rats are studied. A positive effect of the drug in a dose many times lower than the doses used routinely is demonstrated on a model of elaboration of the active avoidance reaction. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 120, N ^o 7, pp. 60–61, July, 1995 Presented by I. P. Ashmarin, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Immunological memory induced byMycobacterium bovis in inbred mice

Immunological memory was reproduced and studied by subcutaneous vaccination of mice with attenuated strain ofMycobacterium bovis. Ionomycin-resistant cells of CBA mice were for the first time isolated from immune cells and studied as memory T-cells. Previously they were described for another experimental model. They are characterized by high expression of CD3, CD4, CD8, CD28, and α/β-T-cell receptor. The capacity of splenocytes and ionomycin-resistant cells to adoptive transfer of antituberculosis resistance to intact recipients is studied. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 124, No. 11, pp. 553–555, November, 1997     

Effect of amiridin and piracetam on memory disturbances induced by experimental stress

Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 115, N ^o 2, pp. 155–157, February, 1993.     

Monoclonal antibodies to A3G7 protein associated with nervous tissue growth disturb learning and memory in adult rats

Effect of monoclonal antibodies to A3G7 protein specific for cerebellar Purkinje cells and hippocampal pyramidal neurons on learning, consolidation, and retrieval of short-and long-term habituation to acoustic startle reaction is studied in adult rats. Application of 1 mg/ml antibodies to the cerebellar vermis selectively disturbs long-term habituation, while 2 mg/ml antibodies inhibit both short- and long-term habituation. The data are analyzed with consideration of the involvement of A3G7 protein into nerve growth and neurotransmittory processes underlying learning and memory in developing and mature brain. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 126, No. 8, pp. 193–196, August, 1998     

Effect of active immunization with serotonin-protein conjugate on the development of experimental Parkinson's syndrome

Experiments on 5- and 10-month-old rats demonstrate a protective effect of active preimmunization with serotonin-protein conjugate on the development and course of the parkinsonismlike syndrome induced by intranigral injection of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium⁺. The protective effect of antiserotonin antibodies was more pronounced in younger animals. The severity of manifestations of the syndrome may depend on the level of antidopamine autoantibodies. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 121, No. 4, pp. 392–395, April, 1996     

The effect of various incorporated doses of131I on immunological reactions of the organism

Administration of radioisotope¹³¹I at 148 kBq/g body weight results in an inhibition of the primary immune response and in a decrease of proliferating activity of mouse lymphocytes in response to alloantigen stimulation. The number of antibody-producing spleen cells for immunization of mice with sheep erythrocytes diminished after administration of¹³¹I at 74 kBq/g animal weight. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 121, No. 6, pp. 664–666, June, 1996     

Effect of low-dose irradiation on immunological reactivity

A decrease in induced production of immune and leukocytic interferons by peripheral blood cells of patients exposed to doses of 10–30 rem is associated with increased production of IgA and acute phase proteins and decreased levels of complement C3 component and α₂-macroglobulin. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 124, No. 11, pp. 556–558, November, 1997     

Synthesis of nonspecific immunoglobulins in tolerant animals

Immunization of mice with sheep's red cells leads not only to antibody synthesis, but also to a sharp increase in the formation of nonspecific immunoglobulins. Injection of antigen into tolerant animals does not stimulte the synthesis of nonspecific immunoglobulins.Laboratory of Chemistry and Biosynthesis of Antibodies, Laboratory of Immunologic Tolerance, N. F. Gamaleya Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR P. A. Vershilova.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 83, No. 2, pp. 190–191, February, 1977.     

Effect of ebola virus reinoculations on the time course of immunological parameters

Three inoculations of live and inactivated Ebola virus to susceptible (guinea pigs) and resistant (rabbits) animals helped reveal some regularities in the immunity reactions which have not been observed after a single inoculation: an increase in the count of T suppressors both in rabbits and guinea pigs after reinoculations of the virus preparations and the resistance of T lymphocytes in rabbits and their suppression in guinea pigs. Similar immunogenicity of live and inactivated Ebola virus for guinea pigs and a higher immunogenicity of live virus for rabbits deserves attention. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 127, No. 1, pp. 81–85, January, 1999     

Effect of the various fractions of leukocytic pyrogen on hematopoiesis

Fractionation of leukocytic pyrogen on a column of Sephadex G-75 yielded two separate fractions, one stimulating hematopoiesis, the other possessing pyrogenic activity but inhibiting hematopoiesis. The elution profile of the Sephadex G-75 column suggests that the stimulating action is a property of high-molecular-weight substances whereas the pyrogenic and inhibitory actions are properties of low-molecular-weight substances. Pyrogenic and inhibitory activities are perhaps connected with different substances. The nature of the inhibitory factor requires further study. It presumably is a substance of chalone type.Department of General Pathology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. Pathophysiological Laboratory, Central Research Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Ministry of Health of the USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR P. N. Veselkin.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 85, No. 5, pp. 523–525, May, 1978.     

Effect of phenibut on the formation of the respiratory rhythm

In experiments with Nembutal-anesthetized cats of both sexes, the drug phenibut administered intravenously was found to elicit periodic apneic respiration and to rank between baclofen and sodium oxybutyrate in terms of the ability to disrupt the respiratory rhythm. It is suggested that these three activators of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) system produce differential effects on GABA_B receptors (baclofen>phenibut>oxybutyrate in order of decreasing effectiveness) and participate in the formation of the respiratory rhythm, and that in activating this system they can give rise to irregular slowed respiration with pauses at inspiration. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 6, pp. 606–609, June, 1995 Presented by Yu. A. Romanov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Perfluorodecalin-induced changes in clinical and immunological parameters of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis

Perftoran injected into guinea pigs for 17 days after immunization with encephalitogenic mixture reduces morbidity and/or mortality, suppresses specific inhibition of migration of peripheral blood leukocytes and skin delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction to the main myelin protein, and stimulates the production of anti-myelin antibodies. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 123, No. 3, pp. 315–318, March, 1997     

The effect of a new 9-aminoacridine derivative on working and long-term memory in rats

The effects of Vp, a new 9-aminoacridine derivative, on the radial maze performance of intact and scopolamine-treated rats were compared with those of amiridin and tacrine. In intact rats Vp improved the formation of long-term spatial memory and has a positive effect on working memory at the initial stage of training. In scopolamine-treated rats Vp reduced the amnesic effects of scopolamine on both kinds of memory. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 127, No. 2, pp. 202–204, February 1999     

Peculiarities of primary humoral immune response in mice with cytostatic disease

Single intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide in a maximum permissible dose (250 mg/kg) followed by immunization with thymus-dependent antigen (sheep erythrocytes) markedly suppressed the formation of antibody-producing cells in the spleen, especially at early stages of cytostatic disease, and delayed the synthesis of specific antibodies in male CBA/CaLac mice. Platidiam (cisplatin) injected in comparable doses 4 days before immunization practically did not suppress the formation of antibody-producing cells and their functional activity, but being injected 30 days before immunization reduced the number of antibody-producing cells. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 129, No. 4, pp. 440–443, April, 2000     

Assay of antigens of antiplatelet antibodies in patients with various thrombocytopenias

Sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed for evaluation of target antigens reacting with antiplatelet auto- and alloantibodies. The method based on specific immobilization of platelet antigens via monoclonal antibodies was applied to identify antigens of platelet-associated and serum autoantibodies in patients with different thrombocytopenias and to determine platelet HPA-1 alloantigens. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 125, No. 5, pp. 596–600, May, 1998