父母教育方式与医学生心理健康的关系

①目的探讨父母教育方式与医学生心理健康的关系。②方法使用自制一般情况调查表、症状自评量表(SCL-90)、父母教育方式评价量表(EMBU),对华北煤炭医学院大学一年级临床系5个班的学生共206人进行测查。③结果症状自评量表筛查出有心理问题者42人,占总数的20.39%。相关分析中,SCL-90总分及各项因子分与父母教养方式中的父亲惩罚严厉,过分干涉,过度保护,拒绝否认,偏爱各项及母亲干涉保护,拒绝否认,惩罚严厉,偏爱各项呈正相关。父母亲温暖理解与SCL-90总分及各项因子分均呈负相关。④结论父母教育方式与医学生心理健康密切相关。     

神经性厌食症患者个人应对方式与父母教养方式的特征及其相关性研究

目的 探讨神经性厌食症（AN）患者的个人应对方式与父母教养方式的关系。 方法 对30例神经性厌食症患者（AN组）和30例正常人（对照组）进行个人应对方式评价（TCSQ）和父母教养方式评价表（EMBU）调查。比较两组人员应对方式的差异,两组父母教养方式的区别,以及个人应对方式与父母教养方式的关系。 结果 AN患者积极应对因子较对照组低(P<0.001),消极应对因子较对照组高(P<0.001)。AN组父亲在惩罚、严厉,过分干涉,拒绝、否认,过度保护方面的分数高于对照组(P<0.05);AN组母亲在过分干涉和过度保护,拒绝、否认方面的分数高于对照组(P<0.05)。以上因素（除外AN患者母亲的拒绝否认因素）与AN患者的消极应对呈正相关（P<0.05）,而父、母亲情感温暖、理解与AN患者的消极应对呈负相关（父亲r=－0.467,母亲r=－0.383;P<0.01）。结论 AN患者父亲的惩罚严厉、过分干涉、拒绝否认和过度保护行为,以及母亲的过分干涉和过度保护是患者低积极应对、高消极应对的影响因素。     

小学生自我意识与父母养育方式的相关性

目的:探讨小学生自我意识与父母养育方式的相关性。方法:本研究采用系统分层抽样问卷调查设计。对安宁市某小学二年级至六年级的学生进行系统分层抽样,采用Piers-Harris儿童自我意识量表和父母教养方式评价量表对548名小学生进行问卷调查,之后对收集的数据进行μ检验和Pearson相关分析。结果:Piers-Harris儿童自我意识量表中,行为与合群因子存在性别差异;父母教养方式评价量表中,父亲的惩罚、严厉、过分干涉和拒绝、否认因子存在性别差异。在相关分析中,自我意识总分及各因子与父母情感温暖与理解呈正相关;行为因子与父母惩罚、严厉和拒绝、否认呈负相关,与母亲偏爱被试呈正相关;焦虑因子与母亲拒绝、否认,惩罚、严厉和过分干涉、过度保护呈负相关;合群因子与父母拒绝、否认和惩罚、严厉呈负相关;幸福与满足因子与父母偏爱被试呈正相关,与父母拒绝、否认,惩罚、严厉和过分干涉、过度保护呈负相关;自我意识总分与父母拒绝、否认,惩罚、严厉和过分干涉、过度保护呈负相关。结论:小学生自我意识与父母养育方式存在相关性。     

抑郁症患者心理防御机制与其父母教养方式的相关性研究

目的：探讨抑郁症患者防御方式与其父母教养方式的关系.方法：使用＂防御方式问卷（DSQ）＂、＂父母教养方式问卷（EM-BU）＂、对符合CCMD-Ⅲ抑郁症患者进行测试,并与正常人群对照,采用SPSS 13.0统计分析.结果：抑郁症患者多采用不成熟及中间型防御机制,与对照组相比有显著性差异.父母教养方式中,研究组父亲的＂温暖理解＂、＂惩罚严厉＂、＂拒绝否认＂、＂过度保护＂及母亲的＂温暖理解＂、＂过分干涉保护＂、＂惩罚严厉＂与对照组相比有显著性差异.＂父亲惩罚＂、＂父亲拒绝＂、＂父亲保护＂、＂母亲惩罚＂与不成熟的防御机制显著相关;＂父亲惩罚＂、＂父亲干涉＂、＂父亲拒绝＂、＂母亲偏爱＂与中间型防御机制相关.结论：抑郁症患者的防御机制与其父母教养方式显著相关.     

父母教养方式对社区矫正人员心理健康的影响：人格与应对方式的中介作用

目的探究社区矫正人员父母教养方式与心理健康的关系, 以及人格和应对方式在其中的作用。方法 2022年2—7月采用父母教养方式量表、症状自评量表( symptom checklist-90, SCL-90)、大五人格问卷与简易应对方式量表对385名社区矫正人员进行问卷调查。采用SPSS 27.0软件进行相关分析和回归分析, 利用AMOS 26.0进行结构方程的建构, 采用Bootstrap方法进行中介效应分析。结果父母教养方式中的父亲惩罚严厉[(19.09±5.32)分]、母亲惩罚严厉[(12.93±4.77)分]、父亲偏爱被试[(9.29±3.30)分]、父亲过度保护[(10.40±2.19)分]、母亲过分干涉过分保护[(33.81±6.06)分]、父亲拒绝否认[(9.08±3.03)分]、母亲拒绝否认[(12.17±4.25)分]与SCL-90总分[(140.63±44.28)分]显著正相关(r=0.114, 0.168, 0.121, 0.144, 0.224, 0.187, 0.220, P<0.05), 父母亲情感温暖理解、父母亲惩罚严厉、父母亲拒绝否认与应对倾向显著相关...     

中学生父母教养方式的调查分析

目的：了解高中生父母教养方式的现状,为高中生的心理健康提供帮助。方法：采用父母教养方式评价量表（EMBU）对石河子市3所中学1014名高中生进行了调查。结果：父母对男学生惩罚及严厉、过分干涉、拒绝及否认、过度保护得分显著高于女生（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）;不同年级高中生在父母惩罚及严厉、拒绝及否认、过分干涉、过度保护因子上差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论：父母教养方式存在性别和年级差异,高中男生更多地感受到父母消极的教养方式,年级越高的高中生越多地感受到父母消极的教养方式。     

父母教养方式和应对方式对问题青少年出现问题行为的影响研究

目的 探讨父母教养方式和应对方式对问题青少年出现问题行为的影响。方法 于2014年3-10月,采用方便抽样法抽取湖南省某特殊矫正学校问题青少年120例作为问题组和湖南省某普通中学学生126例作为对照组,采用Achenbach青少年自评量表（YSR）、父母教养方式问卷（EMBU）和中学生应对方式量表分别对青少年问题行为、父母教养方式及应对方式进行问卷调查。父母教养方式和应对方式对问题青少年YSR总分的影响采用逐步回归分析。结果 问题组和对照组有效回答人数分别为112、109例。问题青少年YSR总分高于普通中学生,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。问题青少年父亲情感温暖、理解和母亲情感温暖、理解得分均低于普通中学生;父亲惩罚、严厉,过分干涉,拒绝、否认,过度保护及母亲过分干涉、过度保护,拒绝、否认,惩罚、严厉得分均高于普通中学生,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。问题青少年指向情绪的应对分量表及其忍耐、逃避、发泄情绪、幻想否认4个因子得分均高于普通中学生,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。父亲拒绝否认,母亲过分干涉、过度保护和指向情绪的应对能够正向预测YSR总分,母亲惩罚、严厉能够负向预测YSR总分,这4个预测变量能够解释总变异的50%。结论 父母教养方式和应对方式都是影响问题青少年出现问题行为的因素。     

100例精神分裂症患者父母教养方式的测查分析

目的 了解精神分裂症患者父母教养方式的特点.方法 采用父母养育方式评价量表(Egma Minnen av Bardndosnauppforstran EMBU)对100例精神分裂症患者和100例正常人进行测试.结果 精神分裂症患者父亲教养方式表现为低情感温暖、高惩罚严厉、过分干涉和拒绝否认;母亲教养方式表现为低情感温暖、高拒绝否认和惩罚严厉.城乡患者比较仅表现农村病人得到了母亲更多的情感温暖与理解;有家族史的母亲表现了过多的惩罚严厉;男女患者之间的比较显示父亲对男性子女表现出了更多的过分干涉、拒绝否认和过度保护;而成年、未成年发病的精神分裂症患者之间的比较显示成年发病患者的父亲表现出了更多的过分干涉,母亲过分干涉保护和偏爱被试.结论 精神分裂症患者父母养育方式存在多方面问题,可能对精神分裂症发病起着重要作用.     

100例精神分裂症患者父母教养方式的测查分析

目的：了解精神分裂症患者父母教养方式的特点。方法：采用父母教养方式评价量表（Egma Minnen av Bardondos- nauppforstran EMBU)对100例精神分裂症患者和100例正常人进行测试。结果：精神分裂症患者父亲教养方式表现为低情感温暖、高惩罚严厉、过分干涉和拒绝否认；母亲教养方式表现为低情感温暖、高拒绝否认和惩罚严厉。城乡患者比较仅表现农村病人得到了母亲更多的情感温暖与理解；有家族史的母亲表现了过多的惩罚严厉；男女患者之间的比较显示父亲对男性子女表现出了更多的过分干涉、拒绝否认和过度保护；而成年、未成年发病的精神分裂症患者之间的比较显示成年发病患者的父亲表现出了更多的过分干涉，母亲过分干涉保护和偏爱被试。结论：精神分裂症患者父母养育方式存在着多方面问题，可能对精神分裂症发病起着重要作用。     

随州城区网络成瘾中学生父母教养方式调查

目的:调查随州城区网络成瘾中学生父母教养方式,为家庭教育干预提供依据。方法:运用一般情况调查表、网络成瘾诊断问卷、父母教养方式问卷对2 000名在校中学生进行测试调查,筛选出达到网络成瘾标准者作为研究组,与对照组进行父母教养方式比较。结果:2 000名中学生共收回有效、完整问卷1 582份,其中符合网络成瘾标准61例,将其作为研究组,网络成瘾发生率3.85%。研究组父亲项目中,惩罚严厉、否认拒绝、过度保护3个因子分明显高于对照组(P<0.05);母亲组项目中,惩罚严厉、过度干涉与保护2个因子分明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:中学生网络成瘾者父亲教养方式中存在惩罚严厉、否认拒绝、过度保护等不良教育方式倾向,母亲教养方式中则存在惩罚与严厉、否认与拒绝、过度保护等不良教育方式倾向。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.