应用优化的基于体素的形态测量学方法显示强迫症患者脑灰质异常

目的 运用优化的基于体素的形态学方法(VBM)研究中国汉族人群强迫症(OCD)患者脑灰质结构异常以及与临床症状的相关性.方法 选取20例OCD患者和年龄、性别匹配的20名正常对照者,进行高分辨3.0 T MR扫描,在统计参数图(SPM)5软件中采用优化的VBM方法处理三维T1结构像,然后比较OCD患者与正常对照组脑灰质体积的差异.并提取代表OCD患者有差异脑区体积平均值的特征值,与临床评分以及病程进行Pearson相关性分析.结果 与正常对照组相比,经过错误发现率(FDR)校正,OCD患者双侧丘脑以及左侧小脑的灰质体积增大,同时没有发现OCD患者相对正常对照组灰质体积减小的区域.代表OCD患者左侧丘脑体积特征值为0.5782～0.8890,平均为0.6813±0.0718,右侧丘脑体积特征值为0.5546～0.9062,平均为0.6869±0.0808,两者呈正相关(r=0.94,P＜0.01).结论 运用优化的VBM方法发现,OCD患者双侧丘脑及左侧小脑灰质体积增加,为OCD患者临床症状学的差异提供了脑结构的神经影像学证据,提示双侧丘脑以及小脑在OCD发生的病理生理机制当中具有重要作用.

Abstract：

Objective To explore changes of gray matter volume in patients with obsessivecompulsive disorder (OCD) in Chinese Han population using optimized voxel-based morphometry (VBM) ,and investigate its relationship with clinical symptoms. Methods Twenty patients with OCD and 20 age,sex and handedness matched healthy controls were scanned using 3D-T1 images on a 3.0 T MR system. The high resolution T1WI was preprocessed according to the optimized VBM protocol in Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM5). Two-sample t test was performed to characterize the differences of the gray matter volume (GMV) between the OCD patients and healthy controls, and the correlations between the GMV and symptom severity and cumulative illness duration were examined using Pearson correlation in SPSS 16. 0, respectively.Results Compared to controls, OCD patients demonstrated increased GMV in left thalamus, right thalamus and left cerebellum after false discovery rate (FDR) correction. No areas of significantly decreased GMV was observed in OCD patients in relative to healthy controls. The mean eigenvalue ranged from 0. 5782 to 0. 889 representing the left thalamus volume of OCD patients was 0. 6813 ± 0. 0718, and that ranged from 0. 5546 to 0. 9062 was 0. 6869 ± 0. 0808 tor right thalamus. The mean eigenvalues were positively correlated in bilateral thalamus (r = 0. 94, P ＜ 0. 01). Conclusion Using optimized VBM, the current research indicates that the pathophysiology of OCD is associated with GMV abnormalities not only in corticostriato-thalamo-cortical (CSTC) circuit, but also in the cerebellum.     

应用优化的基于体素的形态测量学方法显示强迫症患者脑灰质异常

Objective To explore changes of gray matter volume in patients with obsessivecompulsive disorder (OCD) in Chinese Han population using optimized voxel-based morphometry (VBM) ,and investigate its relationship with clinical symptoms. Methods Twenty patients with OCD and 20 age,sex and handedness matched healthy controls were scanned using 3D-T1 images on a 3.0 T MR system. The high resolution T1WI was preprocessed according to the optimized VBM protocol in Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM5). Two-sample t test was performed to characterize the differences of the gray matter volume (GMV) between the OCD patients and healthy controls, and the correlations between the GMV and symptom severity and cumulative illness duration were examined using Pearson correlation in SPSS 16. 0, respectively.Results Compared to controls, OCD patients demonstrated increased GMV in left thalamus, right thalamus and left cerebellum after false discovery rate (FDR) correction. No areas of significantly decreased GMV was observed in OCD patients in relative to healthy controls. The mean eigenvalue ranged from 0. 5782 to 0. 889 representing the left thalamus volume of OCD patients was 0. 6813 ± 0. 0718, and that ranged from 0. 5546 to 0. 9062 was 0. 6869 ± 0. 0808 tor right thalamus. The mean eigenvalues were positively correlated in bilateral thalamus (r = 0. 94, P ＜ 0. 01). Conclusion Using optimized VBM, the current research indicates that the pathophysiology of OCD is associated with GMV abnormalities not only in corticostriato-thalamo-cortical (CSTC) circuit, but also in the cerebellum.     

应用基于体素的MR形态测量学分析抽动秽语综合征患儿脑灰质体积变化

目的 应用优化的基于体素的形态测量学(VBM)技术,分析抽动秽语综合征(TS)患儿全脑灰质异常情况.方法 选取31例TS患儿(TS组)和与之年龄、性别匹配的50名正常儿童(正常对照组)进行3DT1WI.利用基于统计参数图(SPM)2软件的VBM 2工具箱对扫描获得的图像进行预处理,对TS患儿和正常儿童的全脑灰质体积采用t检验进行比较.将灰质体积差异区域的改变值提取出来,与临床耶鲁综合抽动严重程度评分量表(YGTSS)评分、病程进行多元线性分析.结果 应用VBM方法,发现TS组的左顶上小叶、右小脑半球、左海马旁回灰质体积较对照组增大,增加体积分别为4059、2126、84 mm3,其差异有统计学意义(t值分别为3.93、3.71、3.58,P值均＜0.05).延髓和左桥脑体积较对照组减小,减小体积分别为213、117 mm3(t值分别为3.53、3.48,P值均＜0.05).体积差异区域的体积改变值与临床YGTSS评分无相关性(P＞0.05),左海马旁回灰质体积与患儿病程呈负相关(Beta=-0.391,P=0.039).结论 VBM能够显示常规MRI表现正常的TS患儿的灰质异常.颡顶叶和小脑体积增加可能是TS患儿的适应性反应,左海马旁回灰质体积可能是评价TS患者预后的一项客观指标.     

采用优化的基于体素的形态测量学方法研究不同类型智力障碍患儿脑灰质容积的变化

目的 利用优化的基于体素的脑形态学分析法(VBM),分别比较以操作缺陷为主和以语言缺陷为主的智力障碍患儿与正常儿童脑灰质容积的差异,探究患儿脑区灰质发育与操作和语言缺陷之间的联系.方法 选取9例以操作缺陷为主(操作缺陷组)和11例以语言缺陷为主(语言缺陷组)的智力障碍患儿,以及分别与之性别、年龄及优势利手相匹配的正常对照组儿童11、14名,行三维快速扰相梯度回波(FSPGR)序列高分辨率脑MR扫描,然后采用VBM方法进行图像分析.采用独立样本t检验比较操作缺陷组和语言缺陷组与相应正常对照组间灰质总容积差异以及不同区域脑灰质容量差异.结果 操作缺陷组患儿脑灰质容积总量平均值[(1.030 ±0.078)×106 mm3]明显大于正常对照组[(0.984±0.058) ×106 mm3],差异有统计学意义(t=-2.6,P＜0.05);患儿脑局部区域灰质容积较正常对照组高的脑区包括:后扣带回、右侧额上回、左侧楔叶、左侧额中回和左侧尾状核体部.语言缺陷组患儿脑灰质容积总量[(1.002±0.068)×106 mm3]明显大于正常对照组[(0.957±0.057) ×106mm3],差异有统计学意义(t=-3.0,P＜0.05);患儿脑局部区域灰质容积较正常对照组高的脑区包括:双侧丘脑、左侧颞下回、左侧额下回和左侧小脑.结论 VBM能够显示常规MRI表现正常的智力障碍患儿中的脑灰质发育异常.不同临床表型的智力障碍患儿脑灰质容积改变区域分布存在差异.     

先天性耳聋患者脑基于体素的形态测量学研究

目的应用基于体素的形态测量学方法(VBM)研究先天性耳聋患者的灰质和白质变化情况。资料与方法对18例先天性耳聋患者和22名健康自愿者全脑进行三维磁共振成像数据采集,应用(diffeomorphic anatom-ical registration through exponential lie algebra,DARTEL)对灰质和白质进行VBM分析。以簇体积>100个体素,且P<0.001为差异有统计学意义。结果与健康自愿者相比,耳聋患者灰质体积增大的脑区为左侧颞横回和双侧小脑(P<0.001);灰质体积减小的脑区为双侧楔回、左侧梭状回和右侧中央前回(P<0.001);白质体积减小的脑区为双侧前扣带回、左侧胼胝体、左侧舌回和右侧额中回(P<0.001)。结论先天性耳聋患者灰质和白质发生改变,反映了脑可塑性重组及患者使用手语交流导致脑结构发生的改变。     

采用基于体素的形态测量学方法研究肌萎缩侧索硬化症患者脑灰质的改变

目的 利用基于体素的形态测量学方法(VBM)评价肌萎缩侧索硬化(ALS)患者的脑灰质体积变化及其与临床特征之间的相关性.方法 选取27例ALS患者和年龄、性别匹配的27名正常志愿者,采用VBM分析两组之间的全脑灰质体积和7个先验ROI:包括双侧中央前回,中央后回、额上、中、下回、额内侧回及岛叶灰质体积的改变;以P＜0.05[簇水平错误校正(FWE校正)]为差异有统计学意义.并使用偏相关分析,以年龄为控制因素,提取差异区域平均灰质密度与疾病严重程度评分、病程及疾病进展率进行相关性分析.结果 全脑灰质体积比较显示左侧中央前回、左侧中央后回、左侧额上回局部灰质体积减少,差异有统计学意义(统计体素数目分别为388、112、127,Z值分别为4.83、4.09、6.42,P值均＜0.05,FWE校正).ROI分析显示左侧中央前回、右侧中央前回、左侧中央后回、左侧额上回和左侧岛叶灰质体积减少,差异有统计学意义(统计体素数目分别为1104、34、114、91、107,Z值分别为5.87、3.71、4.26、6.29、3.51,P值均＜0.05,FWE校正).所有局部灰质体积减少程度与各临床指标间未发现有统计学差异的线性关系.结论 ALS可出现运动皮层及非运动皮层多个脑区灰质体积减少,进一步证实ALS系一种多系统变性病.相对于全脑比较,ROI分析能敏感地揭示更广泛的脑区改变.VBM所揭示的结构改变与临床指标之间缺乏相关性,考虑与病情本身的异质性和方法学的敏感性有关.     

基于体素的形态测量学方法对慢性类风湿关节炎患者脑灰质的MR研究

目的 应用基于体素的形态测量学(VBM)方法分析慢性类风湿关节炎(RA)患者相对于健康志愿者脑灰质改变的特点及规律.方法 收集35例慢性RA患者和30例年龄、性别、受教育程度相匹配的健康对照者,使用GE Signa HDxt 1.5T超导MR扫描仪对所有受试者行高分辨率3D-T1全脑结构扫描,利用SPM 12软件的VBM 12方法对扫描图像进行预处理,对慢性RA患者和正常志愿者脑灰质体积采用双样本t检验,探讨慢性RA患者脑灰质改变的特点及其与临床指标的相关性.结果 与对照组相比,VBM结果显示慢性RA患者右侧豆状核,左侧额叶及左侧小脑后叶脑灰质减少,差异脑区脑灰质与临床指标之间无线性相关性.本研究未发现慢性RA组脑灰质比正常对照组增大的区域.结论 慢性RA患者脑灰质减小,提示RA可导致脑结构异常,VBM为评价RA脑形态学异常提供了客观的影像学依据.     

基于体素的形态测量学技术在视神经脊髓炎脑改变中的初步应用

目的 通过基于体素的形态测量学(VBM)技术研究视神经脊髓炎(NMO)患者的脑体积变化情况,初步从结构方面探讨NMO的脑损害模式.方法 对23例NMO患者和15名健康志愿者进行脑部3D快速扰相梯度回波(FSPGR)序列扫描.原始数据用统计参数图(SPM)5软件进行处理.采用t检验比较两组全脑体积的差别,应用Pearson相关分析评价全脑体积和年龄的相关性.结果 NMO组患者的全商灰质体积[(610.2±55.0)ml]明显小于健康对照组[(657.2±36.3)ml],差异有统计学意义(t=-2.915,P＜0.05).NMO患者的年龄[(40±9)岁]与脑灰质分数[(42.5±2.6)%]呈负相关(r=-0.673,P＜0.05).局部脑体积分析结果显示,与健康对照组相比,NMO灰质体积减少主要集中在左侧岛叶和双侧后扣带回,白质体积减少区主要位于左侧额叶和左侧顶叶皮层下白质.结论 VBM技术可以敏感地检测NMO的脑体积变化情况.NMO患者的脑体积较健康对照组有减少的趋势,以灰质萎缩更明显.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the changes of brain volumes in neuromyelitis optica (NMO)patients using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) method, and preliminarily explore the pattern of cerebral anatomical impairment. Methods Twenty-three clinically defined NMO patients and 15 gender and age matched healthy volunteers underwent 3-dimensional (3D) fast spoiled gradient echo (FSPGR) sequence scanning on 3.0 Tesla MR systen. Raw data was processed and analyzed using statistical parametric mapping (SPM) 5. Whole brain volumes included grey matter volume (GMV), white matter volume (WMV), total intracranial volume (TIV), grey matter fraction (GMF), white matter fraction (WMF),brain tissue fraction (BTF) and regional brain volumes between the two groups were compared by independent samples t-test and an Pearson were performed to compare the regional brain volumes and the ages. Results GMV of NMO group[(610. 2 ± 55.0) ml] was significantly decreased comparing to healthy control group[(657. 2 ± 36. 3) ml] (t = - 2. 915, P ＜ 0. 05). The age of NMO patients [(40 ± 9) years old] showed negative correlation with GMF [(42. 5 ± 2. 6) %] (r = - 0. 673, P ＜ 0. 05). Regional brain volume analysis showed decreased GMV in left insula and bilateral posterior cingutates in NMO patients,while decreased WMV was found in left frontal and left parietal white matter. Conclusion VBM could detect brain volume changes sensitively. Total grey matter volume in NMO patients was decreased comparing to HC group. Regional grey matter atrophy in NMO patients occurred in left insular and bilateral posterior cingutates, regional white matter atrophy occurred in left frontal and left parietal lobe.     

基于体素的形态测量学技术在视神经脊髓炎脑改变中的初步应用

Objective To investigate the changes of brain volumes in neuromyelitis optica (NMO)patients using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) method, and preliminarily explore the pattern of cerebral anatomical impairment. Methods Twenty-three clinically defined NMO patients and 15 gender and age matched healthy volunteers underwent 3-dimensional (3D) fast spoiled gradient echo (FSPGR) sequence scanning on 3.0 Tesla MR systen. Raw data was processed and analyzed using statistical parametric mapping (SPM) 5. Whole brain volumes included grey matter volume (GMV), white matter volume (WMV), total intracranial volume (TIV), grey matter fraction (GMF), white matter fraction (WMF),brain tissue fraction (BTF) and regional brain volumes between the two groups were compared by independent samples t-test and an Pearson were performed to compare the regional brain volumes and the ages. Results GMV of NMO group[(610. 2 ± 55.0) ml] was significantly decreased comparing to healthy control group[(657. 2 ± 36. 3) ml] (t = - 2. 915, P ＜ 0. 05). The age of NMO patients [(40 ± 9) years old] showed negative correlation with GMF [(42. 5 ± 2. 6) %] (r = - 0. 673, P ＜ 0. 05). Regional brain volume analysis showed decreased GMV in left insula and bilateral posterior cingutates in NMO patients,while decreased WMV was found in left frontal and left parietal white matter. Conclusion VBM could detect brain volume changes sensitively. Total grey matter volume in NMO patients was decreased comparing to HC group. Regional grey matter atrophy in NMO patients occurred in left insular and bilateral posterior cingutates, regional white matter atrophy occurred in left frontal and left parietal lobe.     

基于体素的形态测量学技术在视神经脊髓炎脑改变中的初步应用

Objective To investigate the changes of brain volumes in neuromyelitis optica (NMO)patients using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) method, and preliminarily explore the pattern of cerebral anatomical impairment. Methods Twenty-three clinically defined NMO patients and 15 gender and age matched healthy volunteers underwent 3-dimensional (3D) fast spoiled gradient echo (FSPGR) sequence scanning on 3.0 Tesla MR systen. Raw data was processed and analyzed using statistical parametric mapping (SPM) 5. Whole brain volumes included grey matter volume (GMV), white matter volume (WMV), total intracranial volume (TIV), grey matter fraction (GMF), white matter fraction (WMF),brain tissue fraction (BTF) and regional brain volumes between the two groups were compared by independent samples t-test and an Pearson were performed to compare the regional brain volumes and the ages. Results GMV of NMO group[(610. 2 ± 55.0) ml] was significantly decreased comparing to healthy control group[(657. 2 ± 36. 3) ml] (t = - 2. 915, P ＜ 0. 05). The age of NMO patients [(40 ± 9) years old] showed negative correlation with GMF [(42. 5 ± 2. 6) %] (r = - 0. 673, P ＜ 0. 05). Regional brain volume analysis showed decreased GMV in left insula and bilateral posterior cingutates in NMO patients,while decreased WMV was found in left frontal and left parietal white matter. Conclusion VBM could detect brain volume changes sensitively. Total grey matter volume in NMO patients was decreased comparing to HC group. Regional grey matter atrophy in NMO patients occurred in left insular and bilateral posterior cingutates, regional white matter atrophy occurred in left frontal and left parietal lobe.     

基于体素的形态测量学方法研究屈光参差性弱视患儿的相关区域脑结构

目的 利用基于体素的形态测量学(VBM)分析屈光参差性弱视患者全脑灰、白质体积变化.方法 采用1.5 TMR扫描仪对12例屈光参差性弱视患儿和年龄、性别相匹配的12名正常志愿者行3D快速扰相梯度回波(FSPGR)序列的全脑扫描.原始数据用统计参数图(SPM)5软件进行处理.结果 与正常对照组相比,弱视组脑灰质体积减少的脑区包括右侧楔叶、双侧枕中下回、右侧额中回、左侧颞中回、右侧颞上回、右侧楔前叶、右侧中扣带回(差异脑区体素＞ 10个).弱视组脑灰质体积增多的脑区包括右侧小脑半球、右侧海马旁回、左侧中央前回、左侧额上回(差异脑区体素＞ 10个).与对照组比较,弱视组脑白质体积减少的脑区包括双侧视放射区、双侧内囊,以右侧为著(差异脑区体素＞10).未见弱视组脑白质体积增多的脑区.结论 运用VBM方法可分析屈光参差性弱视患者全脑灰、白质体积变化,有助于从形态学的角度阐述屈光参差性弱视的可能神经机制.     

Cerebral and cerebellar gray matter reduction in first-episode patients with major depressive disorder: A voxel-based morphometry study

Purpose

To investigate cerebral and cerebellar gray matter abnormalities in patients with first-episode major depressive disorder (MDD).

Materials and methods

We examined the structural difference in regional gray matter density (GMD) between 22 first-episode MDD patients and 30 age-, gender- and education-matched healthy controls by optimized voxel-based morphometry (VBM) based on magnetic resonance imaging.

Results

Compared with healthy controls, MDD patients showed decreased GMD in the right medial and left lateral orbitofrontal cortex, right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), bilateral temporal pole, right superior temporal gyrus, bilateral anterior insular cortex, left parahippocampal gyrus, and left cerebellum. In addition, in MDD patients, there was a negative correlation between GMD values of the right DLPFC and the score of the depression rating scale.

Conclusions

Our findings provided additional support for the involvement of limbic-cortical circuits in the pathophysiology of MDD and preliminary evidence that a defect involving the cerebellum may also be implicated.     

用优化的基于体素的形态学方法研究初发精神分裂症患者脑结构的MRI特征

目的运用优化的基于体素的形态学研究（VBM），探索中国汉族人群精神分裂症患者与正常人脑结构之间的差异。方法运用高场强（3．0T）MR扫描仪分别采集13例初发且未经治疗的精神分裂症患者和13名年龄、性别、利手配对的正常人（对照组）的高分辨T1WI。采用优化的VBM方法处理所有数据，最后经两样本配对t检验，比较2组间的脑灰质密度和灰质体积的差别。结果采用国际通用的统计参数图表示。结果精神分裂症患者的脑灰质体积较对照组缩小、密度较对照组广泛降低。这些区域主要集中于脑双侧颞叶和额叶区域，包括双侧额中回、双侧岛叶等区域，另一些灰质密度降低区散在分布于脑顶叶、枕叶及小脑区域。结论优化的VBM可能是一种自动的，有效的研究精神分裂症患者脑结构的方法；初发精神分裂症患者的脑灰质密度较正常人广泛降低，体积较正常人缩小。     

Gray matter abnormalities in Internet addiction: A voxel-based morphometry study

Background

This study aims to investigate brain gray matter density (GMD) changes in adolescents with Internet addiction (IA) using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis on high-resolution T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance images.

Methods

Eighteen IA adolescents and 15 age- and gender-matched healthy controls took part in this study. High-resolution T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging scans were performed on the two groups. VBM analysis was used to compare the GMD between the two groups.

Results

Compared with healthy controls, IA adolescents had lower GMD in the left anterior cingulate cortex, left posterior cingulate cortex, left insula, and left lingual gyrus.

Conclusions

Our findings suggested that brain structural changes were present in IA adolescents, and this finding may provide a new insight into the pathogenesis of IA.     

帕金森病的脑灰质体积改变的VBM研究

目的 分析帕金森病(PD)患者的全脑灰质体积的变化,探讨PD患者的脑灰质结构异常模式.方法 选取符合入组标准的46例PD患者和19例年龄、性别与之相匹配的正常对照(NC)被试者作为研究对象.46例PD患者按改良的Hoehn-Yahr (H-Y)分级标准又分为2个亚组,25例早期PD(ePD)组和21例中晚期PD(maPD)组.所有受试者在3.0T超高场磁共振仪进行常规磁共振扫描,并获取三维高分辨T1WI数据,采用VBM-DARTEL(voxel-based morphometry-diffeomorphic anatomical registration through exponentiated lie)方法分析比较PD组与NC组、ePD组与maPD组间的脑灰质体积差异.结果 与NC组相比,PD组双侧额叶、颞叶、岛叶、扣带回、海马、梭状回、小脑及右侧楔叶、楔前叶等脑区的灰质体积减小,全脑灰质未见体积增加.与ePD组相比,maPD组双侧额叶、颞叶、岛叶、扣带回、直回、舌回、梭状回、海马、杏仁核及小脑等脑区的灰质体积减小.结论 VBM方法客观提示了PD存在广泛的脑灰质萎缩,且随病程的进展更为显著.PD脑结构的变化存在特定的空间分布模式,可能与PD的病理基础有关.