来曲唑的合成

4-溴甲基苄腈与1,2,4-1H-三唑钠反应得4-[(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)甲基]苄腈,然后在叔丁醇钾的作用下与4-氟苄腈反应得来曲唑,总收率为54.8%。     

盐酸洛美利嗪的合成

焦性没食子酸经醚化、氯甲基化得2，3，4-三甲氧基氯苄(4)，双(4-氟苯基)甲醇(5)依次与氯化亚砜、哌嗪反应得到N’-双(4-氟苯基)甲基哌嗪，以甲醇为溶剂，在三乙胺存在下与4反应后成盐制得盐酸洛美利嗪，总收率46％(以5计)。     

(2R,3S)-2-[(R)-1-[3,5-二(三氟甲基)苯基]乙氧基]-3-(4-氟苯基)吗啉盐酸盐的合成

对甲氧基苯甲醛(3)和2-氨基乙醇进行还原胺化反应得2-(4-甲氧基苄胺基)乙醇(4),4和乙醛酸经成环反应得2-羟基-4-对甲氧基苄基吗啉-3-酮(5),5和三氟乙酐反应得6后与(R)-1-[3,5-二(三氟甲基)苯基]乙醇(7)缩合,再经结晶诱导不对称转化、格氏反应、氢化脱保护及成盐反应制得阿瑞吡坦关键中间体(2R,3S)-2-[(R)-1-[3,5-二(三氟甲基)苯基]乙氧基]-3-(4-氟苯基)吗啉盐酸盐,总收率约18%(以3计)。     

西尼莫德中间体N-(4-环己基-3-三氟甲基苄氧基)乙亚氨酸乙酯的合成

以4-溴-3-三氟甲基苯胺(2)为起始原料,经重氮化氰基取代后水解得到4-溴-3-三氟甲基苯甲酸(4),4经酯化后用Red-Al甲苯溶液还原得4-溴-3-氟甲基苄醇(5),5与1-环己烯硼酸发生偶联反应得4-环己-1-烯基-3-三氟甲基苄醇(6),6经钯炭加氢得4-环己基-3-三氟甲基苄醇(7),7用氢溴酸溴代,然后与...     

吉非替尼的合成

2-硝基-4-甲氧基-5-[3-(吗啉-4-基)丙氧基]苄腈经钯炭催化转移氧化得到2-氨基-4-甲氧基-5-[3-(吗啉-4-基)丙氧基]苯甲酰胺和2-氨基-4-甲氧基-5-[3-(吗啉-4-基)丙氧基]苄腈的混合物,随后在DMF和五氯化磷作用下转化为N′-[2-氰基-5-甲氧基-4-[3-(吗啉-4-基)丙氧基]苯基]-N,N-二甲基甲脒,最后与 3-氯-4-氟苯胺发生Dimroth重排反应得到吉非替尼,总收率约66％.     

噁唑烷酮类抗菌剂雷得唑来的合成

目的研究噁唑烷酮类抗菌剂雷得唑来的合成。方法以间氟苯胺为起始原料,依次经取代、碘代、环合、Suzuki偶联反应得到中间体(5S)-N-{[3-[4-(4-甲酰基苯基)-3-氟苯基]-2-氧代噁唑烷-5-基]甲基}乙酰胺(5);以对甲氧基氯苄为原料,经取代、Husigen-Click环加成反应得到中间体[1-(4-甲氧基苄基)-1H-1,2,3-三氮唑-4-基]甲胺(8);中间体5和8经还原胺化反应得到中间体(5S)-N-{[3-[2-氟-4'-({[1-(4-甲氧基苄基)-1H-1,2,3-三氮唑-4-基甲基]氨基}甲基)联苯-4-基]-2-氧代噁唑烷-5-基]甲基}乙酰胺(10),再经脱保护得到雷得唑来。结果与结论雷得唑来的结构经MS、IR、~1H-NMR和~(13)C-NMR确证,纯度经HPLC测定。其收率为40.7%(以间氟苯胺计)。该路线未见文献报道,所用原料价廉易得,反应条件温和可控,后处理简便,为其工业化生产奠定了基础。     

拉帕替尼的合成

2-氨基苄腈依次经碘代、与N,N-二甲基甲酰胺二甲缩醛缩合后,与3-氯-4-(3-氟苯甲氧基)苯胺进行Dimroth重排,得到关键中间体N-[3-氯-4-[(3-氟苯基)甲氧基]苯基]-6-碘-4-喹唑啉胺,再经Suzuki偶联、还原胺化和成盐等反应制得酪氨酸激酶抑制剂拉帕替尼二(对甲苯磺酸盐)一水合物,总收率约10%.     

地依麦迪的合成工艺研究

目的改进抗结核药地依麦迪的合成工艺。方法 2-甲基烯丙醇经Sharpless环氧化后与对硝基苯磺酰氯反应得到中间体(R)-2-甲基环氧丙醇-4-硝基苯甲磺酸酯;N-Boc-4-羟基哌啶与对三氟甲氧基苯酚经Mitsunobu反应、脱保护、Buchwald-Hartwig反应、脱苄基得到中间体4-[4-(4-三氟甲氧基-苯氧基)哌啶基]苯酚,这两个中间体经亲核取代反应得到(R)-1-[4-(2,3-环氧-2-甲基丙氧基)苯基]-4-(4-三氟甲氧基苯氧基)哌啶,该化合物与2-溴-4-硝基咪唑经亲核取代、环合得到终产物地依麦迪。结果与结论工艺优化后,以2-甲基烯丙醇计,总收率为27.6%(优化前为17.8%),以N-Boc-4-羟基哌啶计,总收率为33.4%(优化前为11.0%),产物的HPLC化学纯度为100%,ee值也达到了100%,新工艺路线操作简单,适合工业化生产。     

盐酸西那卡塞的合成

3-三氟甲基氯苄与丙二酸二甲酯发生亲核取代、脱羧、水解、酰氯化后与(R)-1-(1-萘基)乙胺反应得到N-[1-(R)-(1-萘基)乙基]-3-(三氟甲基)苯丙酰胺,再经NaBH4-BF3·OEt2还原、成盐酸盐制得盐酸西那卡塞,总收率约36%.     

氢溴酸西酞普兰的合成

对苯二甲酸和多聚甲醛制得的5-羧基苯酞,经酰氯化、酰胺化和脱水等反应制得5-氰基苯酞,再经两步格氏反应得到4-[4-二甲胺基-1-(4-氟苯基)-1-羟基丁基]-3-羟甲基苄腈,最后经闭环、成盐制得氢溴酸西酞普兰,总收率31%.     

Synthesis and biological evaluation of some novel 2-phenyl benzimidazole-1-acetamide derivatives as potential anthelmintic agents

The present study describes synthesis of a series of 2-phenyl benzimidazole-1-acetamide derivatives and their evaluation for anthelmintic activity using Indian adult earthworms, Pheretima posthuma. The structure of the title compounds was elucidated by elemental analysis and spectral data. The compounds 4-({[2-(4-nitrophenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl]acetyl}amino) benzoic acid (3a), N-ethyl-2-[2-(4-nitrophenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl] acetamide (3c), N-benzyl-2-[2-(4-nitrophenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl] acetamide (3d), N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-[2-(4-nitrophenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl] acetamide (3f), 2-[2-(4-nitrophenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl]-N-phenyl acetamide (3h), 2-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl]-N'-phenylacetohydrazide (3k), 2-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl]-N-(4-nitrophenyl) acetamide (3n) and 2-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl]-N-phenyl acetamide (3q) were found better to paralyze worms whereas N-ethyl-2-[2-(4-nitrophenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl] acetamide (3c), N-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-[2-(4-nitrophenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl] acetamide (3e), 4-({[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl] acetyl}amino) benzoic acid (3j), 2-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl]-N-ethyl acetamide (31) and 2-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl]-N-phenyl acetamide (3q) were better to cause death of worms compared to the anthelmintic drug albendazole.     

Isolation of chlorphenoxamine metabolites in human urine and their identification

After the administration of chlorphenoxamine (2-[1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-phenylethoxy]-N,N-dimethylethanamine++ +, Systral) (I) the following compounds have been detected in human urine. They were identified as chlorphenoxamine (I), N-demethyl-chlorphenoxamine (II), chlorphenoxamine-N-oxide (III), 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-l-phenylethanol (IV), 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)-ethanol (V), 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)-ethene (VI), 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(4'-hydroxy-3'-methoxyphenyl)-ethanol (VII), 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(4'-hydroxy-3'-methoxyphenyl)-ethene (VIII), 2-[1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)-ethoxy]-N-methyl-ethanamine (IX) and 2-[1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(4'-hydroxy-3'-methoxyphenyl-ethoxy]- N-methylethanamine (X). The compounds IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX and X were also found to be excreted as conjugates. It cannot be excluded that the compounds VI and VIII are artefacts.     

Synthesis and biological properties of 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-morpholin-4-yl-(4-alkoxyphenyl)alkanol hydrochlorides

New 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-morpholin-4-yl-1-(4-alkoxyphenyl)propan-1-ones were synthesized via aminomethylation of 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(4-alkoxyphenyl)ethanones. Reduction of the former by lithium aluminum hydride produced 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-morpholin-4-yl-1-(4-alkoxyphenyl)propan-1-ols. Reaction of them with Grignard reagents gave 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-morpholin-4-yl-3-(4-alkoxyphenyl)alkan-3-ols. The synthesized compounds exhibited pronounced anticonvulsive and some peripheral n-cholinolytic activities while showing no antibacterial activity.     

中药白头翁地上部分的三萜皂苷成分

为了研究白头翁地上部分的三萜皂苷成分，采用不同色谱技术对白头翁地上部分乙醇提取物的正丁醇部位进行分离纯化，并用波谱和化学方法鉴定化合物的结构。从正丁醇部位中共分离得到7个三萜皂苷类化合物，其结构分别被鉴定为2β-羟基常春藤皂苷元28-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡糖(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡糖酯苷(1)、3-O-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖常春藤皂苷元28-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡糖(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡糖酯苷(2)、3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→2)-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖齐墩果酸28-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡糖(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡糖酯苷(3)、3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→2)［β-D-吡喃葡糖(1→4)］-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖常春藤皂苷元28-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡糖(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡糖酯苷(4)、3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→2)-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖常春藤皂苷元28-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡糖(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡糖酯苷(5)、常春藤皂苷元28-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡糖(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡糖酯苷(6)及常春藤皂苷元3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→2)-α-L相似文献   

Stereoselective glucuronidation of 5-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)-5-phenylhydantoin by human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A1, UGT1A9, and UGT2B15: effects of UGT-UGT interactions.

5-(4'-Hydroxyphenyl)-5-phenylhydantoin (4'-HPPH), a major metabolite of phenytoin in human, is exclusively metabolized to a glucuronide. 4'-HPPH has a chiral center. (S)-4'-HPPH is a predominant form produced from phenytoin in humans, and (R)-4'-HPPH is an extremely toxic form with respect to gingival hyperplasia. In the present study, we investigated stereoselective 4'-HPPH O-glucuronide formation in human liver microsomes. Human liver microsomes predominantly formed (S)-4'-HPPH O-glucuronide rather than (R)-4'-HPPH O-glucuronide from racemic 4'-HPPH. Among human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) enzymes, UGT1A1, UGT1A9, and UGT2B15 showed 4'-HPPH O-glucuronide formation. Interestingly, UGT1A1 stereoselectively formed (R)-4'-HPPH O-glucuronide, whereas UGT1A9 and UGT2B15 stereoselectively formed (S)-4'-HPPH O-glucuronide from racemic 4'-HPPH. By using UGT1A double-expression systems in HEK293 cells that we previously established, the effects of UGT-UGT interactions on 4'-HPPH O-glucuronide formation were investigated. It was demonstrated that coexpression of UGT1A4 increased the V(max) values of (S)- and (R)-4'-HPPH O-glucuronide formation catalyzed by UGT1A1 but decreased the V(max) values of (S)- and (R)-4'-HPPH O-glucuronide formation catalyzed by UGT1A9. Coexpression of UGT1A6 increased the S(50) values and decreased the V(max) values of (S)- and (R)-4'-HPPH glucuronide formation catalyzed by UGT1A1 and UGT1A9. However, the interaction did not alter the stereoselectivity. In conclusion, we found that 4'-HPPH O-glucuronide formation in human liver microsomes is catalyzed by UGT1A1, UGT1A9, and UGT2B15 in a stereoselective manner, being modulated by interaction with other UGT1A isoforms.     

Pyrrolnitrin analogues. V. Knorr's pyrrole condensation between N-(4-nitrophenacyl)-3,5-dimethylaniline and ethyl acetoacetate

The reaction between N-(4-nitrophenacyl)-3,5-dimethylaniline and ethyl acetoacetate in boiling ethanol afforded 3-carbethoxy-5-(1-carbethoxyacetonyl)-4,5-dihydro-1-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-(4-nitrophenyl)pyrrole and in low yield 3-carbethoxy-1-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-2-methyl-4-(4-nitrophenyl)pyrrole. Chemical transformation of the former compound into 5-acetonyl-1-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-2-methyl-4-(4-nitrophenyl)pyrrole is described. The structure of 3-carbethoxy-5-(1-carbethoxyacetonyl)-4,5-dihydro-1-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-(4-nitrophenyl)pyrrole has been established by the aid of N.M.R. spectral data. The above reaction, when carried out in boiling ethanol in the presence of a catalytic amount of 3,5-dimethylaniline hydrobromide, led to the formation of 3-carbethoxy-1-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-2-methyl-4-(4-nitrophenyl)pyrrole and 4,6-dimethyl-2-(4-nitrophenyl)indole, the former formed in a very good yield. Some pyrrolnitrin analogues have been prepared starting from 3-carbethoxy-1-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-2-methyl-4-(4-nitrophenyl)pyrrole.     

Non-steroidal antiinflammatory agents. Synthesis of novel 2-pyrazolyl-4(3H)-quinazolinones

Four novel series of pyrazolyl-4(3H)-quinazolinones have been prepared through the reaction of 3-aryl-2-hydrazino-4(3H)-quinazolinones with antipyrylazo-derivatives of ethyl acetoacetate, acetylacetone or diethyl malonate. These series of compounds are 3-aryl-2-[1-ethoxycarbonyl-1-(1,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H - pyrazol-4-yl)hydrazono-2-propylidene]hydrazino-4(3H)-quinazo linones; 3-aryl-2-[4-(1,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) hydrazono-3-methyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-4(3H)-quinaz olinones; 3-aryl-2-[4-(1,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)azo -3,5- dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]-4(3H)-quinazolinones and 3-aryl-2-[4-(1,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) hydrazono-3,5-dioxo-pyrazolidin-2-yl]-4(3H)-quinazolinones. The antiinflammatory activity of some representatives of the prepared compounds was studied.     

Synthesis of 4-hydroxy-1-thiocoumarin derivatives-1: An efficient synthesis of thioflocoumafen

An efficient procedure for the preparation of 4-hydroxy-3-{1,2,3,4-tetra-hydro-3-[4-(4-triflu-oromethylbenzyl oxy)phenyl]-1-naphthyl}thiocoumarin (thioflocoumafen, 1a and 1b) is described. The key step in the synthesis involves the condensation reaction of 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-tetralol (2) with 4-hydroxy-1-thiocoumarin (3).     

Lignans from the stems of Sambucus williamsii and their effects on osteoblastic UMR106 cells

Three new lignans, sambucunol A (8) ((+)-erythro-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-[4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamoyloxypropanyl)-2-hydroxyphenoxy]-1, 3-propanediol), sambucunol B (9) ((+)-threo-1-(4-hydroxyl-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-[4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-cinnamoyloxy propanyl)-2-hydroxyphenoxy]-1, 3-propanediol) and buddlenol G (10) (2-{4-[2, 3-dihydro-3-hydroxymethyl-7-hydroxy-5-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamoyloxypropanyl)-2-benzofuranyl]-2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy}-1-(4- hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) -1, 3-propanediol), along with seven known ones, including ( - )-syringaresinol (1), ( - )-pinoresinol (2), 1, 2-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy phenyl)-1, 3-propanediol (3), ( - )-erythro-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-[4-(3-hydroxy propanyl)-2-methoxyphenoxy]-1, 3-propanediol (4), ( - )-threo-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-[4-(3-hydroxypropanyl)-2-methoxy phenoxy]-1, 3-propanediol (5), ( - )-lariciresinol (6) and ( - )-dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol (7), were isolated from the 60% ethanol extract of stems of Sambucus williamsii Hance by chromatographic methods. Their structures were established by spectral analysis. The effects of isolated compounds on the osteoblast-like UMR106 cell proliferation and ALP activities were determined. Compounds 2, 7 and 10 showed stimulating effects both on UMR106 cell proliferation and ALP activity. Compounds 1, 3, 6 and 8 stimulated UMR106 cell proliferation, while compounds 4 and 5 induced ALP activity in UMR106 cell.     

不同方案移植脐带间充质干细胞对硫代乙酰胺所致大鼠肝纤维化治疗效果的比较

目的 观察不同方案移植人脐带间充质干细胞(hUCMSCs)对硫代乙酰胺(TAA)所致大鼠肝纤维化的治疗效果.方法 选取30只正常大鼠作为对照组,其余大鼠应用TAA建立肝纤维化模型,造模成功的60只随机分为模型组和治疗组,每组30只.对照组不作任何处理,模型组给予生理盐水,治疗组采用尾静脉注射的方式移植hUCMSCs.各组分别于单次治疗后1、2、4周和多次治疗后1周和1年收集大鼠血液和肝脏标本,观察体重,检测肝功能,观察肝脏病理变化及肝纤维化程度.结果 模型组和治疗组大鼠体重均低于对照组,治疗组单次治疗后4周与多次治疗后1周体重高于模型组(P<0.05).模型组在单次治疗1、2、4周和多次治疗1周后血氨(BAM)、胆红素(TBIL)和碱性磷酸酶(AKP)血清浓度高于对照组,白蛋白/球蛋白(ALB/GLB)低于对照组,多次治疗后1年BAM高于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01).治疗组单次治疗后1、2、4周及多次治疗后1周、1年BAM水平低于模型组(P<0.01);治疗组TBIL、AKP水平单次治疗后2、4周和多次治疗后1周低于模型组,ALB/GLB水平单次治疗后1、2、4周和多次治疗后1周高于模型组(P<0.05,P<0.01).治疗组单次治疗后2、4周和多次治疗后1周和1年肝脏纤维化程度均轻于模型组,且多次治疗后1周和1年轻于单次治疗后2、4周(P<0.01).结论 hUCMSCs移植可改善肝纤维化大鼠的肝功能和肝脏纤维化程度,治疗效果随着hUCMSCs移植次数的增多和恢复期的延长而提高.