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??OBJECTIVE To prepare a redox and pH dual sensitive nano-carrier based on PAMAM in order to co-loading chemotherapeutics doxorubicin and breast cancer multidrug resistance reversal agent elacridar, and study their in vitro reversal effect. METHODS The infrared spectrum FTIR was used to characterize the carrier. Confocal was used to investigate the intracellular triggered drug release. The reversal effect of breast cancer multidrug resistance and the in vitro anti-tumor activity of doxorubicin and elacridar co-loaded nanoparticles were investigated using flow cytometry and cell toxicity tests, respectively. RESULTS The doxorubicin and elacridar co-loaded nanoparticles (PSSP/DOX/ELC) were successfully prepared, and pH-redox dual sensitive of carrier was proved by cell experiments.And the carrier was uptaken into cells and delivery to lysosome, and drug release was triggered in the lysosome acid condition, then the released drug diffused to the nucleus. The trial of rhodamine 123 accumulation and efflux assay revealed that the accumulation of rhodamine 123 was notably increased after incubation of elacridar in MCF-7/ADR cells. The cytotoxicity of PSSP/DOX/ELC nanoparticles against MCF-7/ADR cell line was significantly stronger than that of either free doxorubicin or only doxorubicin loaded nanoparticles (PSSP/DOX). CONCLUSION The reversal effect of multidrug resistance and the cytotoxicity of cancer cells were significantly enhanced by PSSP/DOX/ELC nanoparticles. PSSP/DOX/ELC nanoparticles is a promising delivery system.     

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??OBJECTIVE To prepare and evaluate the novel core-shell structural phospholipid-functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN-LP) modified with angiopep-2 (ANG-MSN-LP). METHODS Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) was synthesized by the modified Stober method. MSN-PTX was prepared by saturated solution adsorption method. ANG-MSN-LP was developed by selfassembly and film hydration method. By using dialysis bag method to investigate the in vitro drug release characteristics and MTT method to investigate the cytotoxicity on HBMEC and C6 cells. The transport ability and effects on cell cycle of the carrier was investigated by the BBB monolayer model. RESULTS MSN was synthesized with high specific surface area (S_BET, 425 m²??g^-1), cumulative pore volume (V_p, 0.37 cm³??g^-1) and pore size(3.5 nm). PTX was highly encapsulated (drug loading efficiency up to 11.1%) into MSN. Results of in vitro release showed that about 75.5% of PTX released from ANG-MSN-LP-PTX after 48 h and burst release was effectively reduced compared with MSN-PTX or PTX solution, indicating pronounced sustained-release characteristics. The good biocompatibility and low toxicity of ANG-MSN-LP were evaluated by HBMEC and C6 cells. The transport ratio was 2.49% for PTX, 2.72% for MSN-PTX, 4.45% for MSN-LP-PTX and 10.74% for ANG-MSN-LP-PTX respectively. In addition, ANG-MSN-LP-PTX showed a higher cell number of G2-M phase of 40.92??6.20%. CONCLUSION ANG-MSN-LP is a prospective targeting drug delivery system for therapy of brain glioma. Meanwhile, saturated solution adsorption method can increase the drug loading efficiency highly.
     

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??OBJECTIVE To prepare mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) modified by targeted ingredients to improve the tumor cell lethality of antitumor drugs. METHODS MSNs were prepared by template-hot water method, and modified with amino group and polyethyleneimine. The nano-carriers were characterized by their morphology, particle size and infrared absorption. Meanwhile, the intracellular uptake and in vitro antitumor activity of MSNs were evaluated on human breast carcinoma cell line (MCF-7). RESUTLS Three kinds of nanoparticles, MSNs, MSNs-NH₂ and MSNs-PEI were all spherical, with mean diameters of (65??19), (77??17) and (117??21) nm, respectively. Infrared spectrum and differential thermal analysis results indicated that the functional groups were linked onto the surface of MSNs, and slower drug release was observed for MSNs-NH₂ and MSNs-PEI. Moreover, the cellular uptake of three nanoparticles were 2.05, 2.89, and 2.63 times higher than free doxorubicin, and the cytotoxicity activity against MCF-7 cells were 1.77, 2.21, and 2.19 times, respectively. CONCLUSION The preparation method can be used to prepare MSNs nano-carriers. MSNs-NH₂ and MSNs-PEI have improved carrier property and antitumor activity.     

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??OBJECTIVE To prepare nano-micelles with amphiphilic self-assembly poly (ethylene glycol)-co-poly (propylene sulfide) (PEG-PPS) copolymer as carrier to study the release characteristics of tilianin and investigate its activity to against H9c2 cell apoptosis in vitro. METHODS An amphiphilic diblock PEG-PPS polymer was used as a carrier material to prepare the tilianin-containing nano-micelles by solvent evaporation. The morphology, particle size and distribution, drug loading and encapsulation rate and in vitro drug release behavior were characterized, H9c2 rat myocardial cell injury model was established by hypoxia/reoxygenation process. Using propranolol (Pro) as a positive control, the morphology of injured cardiomyocytes was observed by microscope. Cell proliferation and cell apoptosis was detected to evaluate the protective effect of blank micelles, tilianin and tilianin loaded nano-micelles on H9c2 cells induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation. RESULTS Tilianin-loaded nano-micelles was spherical with uniform particle size distribution. The drug loading was 3.82%. The average particle diameter of tilianin-loaded nano-micelles was 137 nm, polydispersity coefficient was 0.162 and the encapsulation efficiency was 91.45%. In vitro drug release studies showed that there was no drug-induced burst release of tilianin-containing nano-micelles and sustained release characteristics, and the presence of hydrogen peroxide significantly promoted the release of tilianin from the nano-micelles. In vitro cytotoxicity experiments showed that when the concentration of tilianin 5 ??g??mL^-1, the cell viability of tilianin-loaded nano-micelles was significantly higher than the corresponding concentration of tilianin and PEG-PPS polymer nano-micelles. In vitro anti-apoptotic activity experiments show that tilianin-loaded nano-micelles on H9c2 cell apoptosis induced by hypoxia-reoxygenation have a significant inhibitory effect and was provided inhibition of apoptosis with propranolol. CONCLUSION Tilianin-loaded nano-micelles have uniform particle size and distribution, sustained release and oxidation characteristics, has a significant protective and apoptosis-inhibiting effect on H9c2 cell injury induced by hypoxia-reoxygenation, which can be used as a promising drug delivery system for the treatment of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.     

PLGA-PEG-PLGA温敏水凝胶包载多柔比星脂质体用于治疗小鼠骨肉瘤的研究

目的 制备聚乳酸乙醇酸-聚乙二醇-聚乳酸乙醇酸共聚物(PLGA-PEG-PLGA)水凝胶包载的多柔比星(Doxorubicin,DOX)脂质体的复合载体,并考察其体外性质和抑瘤效果。方法 采用水化薄膜法制备DOX脂质体,考察其粒径分布和包封率,再利用PLGA-PEG-PLGA水凝胶包载制备得到的DOX脂质体得到DOX-Lip-Gel复合载体,考察其体外释放、黏性测试以及对荷瘤小鼠的治疗效果。结果 制备得到的DOX-Lip的粒径约为(89.3±4.7) nm,包封率约为(85.3±2.6)%,PLGA-PEG-PLGA水凝胶在25 ℃处于溶液状态,而在37 ℃时可凝固成胶,黏性测试结果表明水凝胶的相变温度约为30 ℃。并且水凝胶聚合物具有良好的生物相容性,在体内可以缓慢的降解。与对照组相比,DOX-Lip-Gel可以缓慢的释放药物,且释放期长达200 h。体内抑瘤实验表明DOX-Lip-Gel具有更好的抗肿瘤效果。结论 制备得到的DOX-Lip-Gel对荷瘤小鼠进行瘤周给药,对抑制骨肉瘤在小鼠体内的增长具有显著的抑制作用。     

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??OBJECTIVE To prepare atorvastatin-loaded tetracycline-PEG-PLGA(TC-PEG-PLGA/ATO) polymeric micelles, and investigate its pharmaceutical characteristics and targeting function in vitro. METHODS The amphiphilic TC-PEG-PLGA conjugate was synthesized via an esterification reaction and identified by the ¹H-NMR. Water insoluble atorvastatin was loaded on TC-PEG-PLGA conjugate micelles via dialysis method. The morphology of TC-PEG-PLGA/ATO micelles was observed under transmission electron microscope. The particle size distribution and Zeta potential of TC-PEG-PLGA/ATO micelles were determined by dynamic light scattering method. The drug loading and encapsulation efficiency were measured by HPLC, and in vitro release behavior was investigated via dialysis method. In vitro cytotoxicity was assessed via MTT assay, and bone-targeting activity was investigated via binding to the hydroxyapatite powder. RESULTS TC-PEG-PLGA/ATO micelle was prepared successfully, and its particle size and Zeta potential were (47.2??4.7) nm and (-14.25??0.31) mV. The encapsulation efficiency and drug loading rate were(98.2??1.51)% and (8.71??0.23)%, respectively. Moreover, the accumulative release of ATO in vitro was about 70% in 48 h, which indicated that the drug was released slowly from the micelles. In vitro cell evaluation showed that TC-PEG-PLGA conjugate micelles were great biocompatibility with MC3T3-E1 cells within the concentration range of 100-500 ??g??mL^-1. In vitro targeting performance indicated that the proportion of the TC-PLGA NPs bound to Hap(87.94%) was greater than the bound proportion of PLGA NPs(18.59%). CONCLUSION The TC-PEG-PLGA/ATO micelles exhibit small partical size and good stability, and significantly increased ATO content in aqueous solution. TC-PEG-PLGA/ATO micelles have good delayed release behavior, safety and binding efficacy to the hydroxyapatite powder.     

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??OBJECTIVE To prepare calcitonin/puerarin-PLGA-dual-loaded nanoparticles modified by chitosan, and investigate theirin vitro release behavior.METHODS CS-CT/PR-NPs were prepared by the double emulsion solvent evaporation technique with PLGA as a carrier material; the formulation of CS-CT/PR-NPs was optimized by orthogonal design; the morphology of CS-CT/PR-NPs was observed by transmission electron microscope;the mean particle size,particle size distribution and Zeta potential were measured by laser particle size analyzer; the entrapment efficiency and drug loading were measured by ultracentrifugation; the in vitro release behavior was studied by dialysis. RESULTS CS-CT/PR-NPs were spherical in shape with the mean particle size of(190??2.65) nm, particle size distribution of (0.117??0.027) and Zeta potentialof(16.5??1.08) mV. The entrapment efficiency was (75.7??1.15)%, and the drug loading of CT was (3.47??0.31)%, while those of PR were (50.9??1.08)% and (4.68??0.19)%, respectively. The profiles of in vitro release had the features of sustained-release. CONCLUSION CS-CT/PR-NPs are prepared successfully and show a sustained-release characteristic with high entrapment efficiency, which may improve the oral bioavailability of CT and provide the experimental reference for preparing the dual-loaded nanoparticles.     

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??OBJECTIVE To improve the water solubility of ginsenoside Rg3, using mesoporous silica nanoparticles MCM-41 loading ginsenoside Rg3 and study the mechanism of promoting drug absorption with human lung cancer cells A549 as a model. METHODS The mesoporous silica nanoparticles MCM-41, as a carrier, loading ginsenoside Rg3 by adsorption method. The morphology and particle size of MCM-41 were investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and laser particle size analyzer. The solid state characterization of ginsenoside Rg3 were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy method (FTIR), respectively. In vitro dissolution experiments investigated the dissolution rate of ginsenoside Rg3. Cytotoxicity assay and cell uptake experiments explored the effect of the administration system of A549 cells and the mechanism of inhibiting cell proliferation. RESULTS We have been successfully prepared the mesoporous silica nanoparticles MCM-41. In vitro dissolution experiments showed that MCM-41 can significantly improve the dissolution rates of ginsenoside Rg3. Administration system can be uptaked into A549 cells and inhibit cell proliferation. CONCLUSION The mesoporous silica nanoparticles MCM-41 has a good solubilization effect for ginsenoside Rg3, and MCM-41 has potential as a carrier for the treatment of lung cancer.     

巨噬细胞膜仿生白蛋白纳米体系的构建及其胶质瘤靶向递药性能评价

目的 构建包载WEE1激酶抑制剂adavosertib的巨噬细胞膜仿生白蛋白纳米粒(MM-BSA/Ada),体外评估其作为胶质瘤靶向递药体系的可行性。方法 制备MM-BSA/Ada并筛选最佳膜-核比和最佳药-载比,检测其载体安全性和对C6胶质瘤细胞抗增殖活性,考察其体外细胞摄取、跨血脑屏障转运和跨膜后摄取的能力。结果 MM-BSA/Ada具有良好的稳定性,CCK-8结果初步显示,未载药纳米粒在体外细胞实验中对脑血管内皮细胞呈低毒性;与未包膜纳米粒和游离药物相比,MM-BSA/Ada给药后的体外抗胶质瘤细胞增殖活性(P＜0.001)、胶质瘤细胞摄取量(P＜0.001)、体外血脑屏障透过量(P＜0.01)及跨膜后摄取量(P＜0.001)均显著提高。结论 MM-BSA/Ada有较好的胶质瘤靶向递药性能,有望为胶质瘤提供新的放射增敏策略。