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?? Zingiber officinale has a long application history in China, it is used as medicine, also condiment, food and drinks. The chemical constituents of Zingiber officinale include volatile oil, gingerol,diaryl-heptnaoids and so on. Scientific research showed that Zingiber officinale is widely used in anti-nausea, resisting gastric ulcer, anti-bacterial, anti-phlogistic, analgesia, antioxidant, resisting motion sickness, anti-tumor, hypoglycemic,antilipidemic,and improving cardiocerebral vascular system and so on.Zingiber officinale is recommended as a healthy food by doctor of traditional Chinese medicine in all times. In summary, it's worth to be researched and developed in detail.     

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??OBJECTIVE To study the chemical constituents of the total flavonoids from Sophora flavescens and establish a method for simultaneous determination of seven compounds. METHODS The compounds were isolated by chromatography on silica gel and ODS column and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis. The samples were analyzed on a Dikma C₁₈ column (4.6 mm??250 mm,5 ??m); gradient elution was performed using mobile phase composed of methanol (A)and water (B); the detection was carried out using a photodiode array detector at 280 nm. RESULTS Seven compounds were isolated and their structures were identified as kuratidine (1), sophoraflavanone G (2), kurarinone (3), isoanhydroicaritin (4), isoxanthohumol (5), formononetin (6), and trifolirhizin (7). The calibration curve was linear within 8.70-87.00, 44.25-442.50, 128.10-1 281.00, 9.40-94.00, 48.40-484.00, 14.20-142.00, and 25.70-257.00 ??g??mL^-1 for kuraridine, sophoraflavanone G, kurarinone, isoanhydroicaritin, isoxanthohumol, formononetin, and trifolirhizin, respectively (r>0.999 0), and the extraction recoveries varied from 95% to 105%. CONCLUSION The main chemical components contributing to antibacterial activity of total flavonoids may be sophoraflavanone G, kurarinone, and isoxanthohumol. The method is simple, rapid, accurate, and can be used simultaneously to determine the contents of the seven active ingredients.     

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??OBJECTIVE To prepare ion-sensitive ophthalmic in situ gel containing bendazac lysine (BDZL-ISG) and preliminarily study its rheological behavior, in vitro drug release, corneal permeation, and pharmacokinetics in rabbit aqueous humor. METHODS Single factor investigation was carried out to optimize the formulation, taking viscosity and gelling capacity as evaluation indices. Using aqueous solution or eye drops as control, the in vitro release of the formulation was evaluated by dialysis membrane method. Then, the corneal permeation experiment of the optimum formulation was carried out with Franz diffusion cell. The pharmacokinetics of BDZL-ISG in rabbit aqueous humor was preliminarily studied by microdialysis. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the optimum formulation had shear thinning behavior and significant sustained release effect. There was no significant difference in the corneal permeation between the two groups. The RESULTS of pharmacokinetic study showed that ??_max (13.25 ??g??L^-1) and AUC_0-t of BZDL-ISG were 2.38 and 2.2 times higher than those of BDZL eye drops respectively, which suggested that the ocular bioavailability of BDZL was greatly enhanced by the optimum in situ gel formulation. CONCLUSION With significant sustained release effect, the ion-sensitive ophthalmic in situ gel will become a promising alterative formulation for bendazac lysine for treatment of cataracts.     

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??OBJECTIVE To establish a simple, sensitive method of liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) for determination of mirabegron in dog plasma, and to evaluate the pharmacokinetics for single dose of different formulations of mirabegron sustained-release tablets in dogs. METHODS The analyte mirabegron and internal standards (IS) tolbutamide were separated on a BEH C₁₈ column (2.1 mm??50 mm, 1.7 ??m) with mobile phase of 0.1% formic acid water solution-0.1% formic acid methyl cyanides solution using a gradient elution mode at a flow rate of 450 ??L??min^-1. In accordance with randomized two-period self crossover study, eight dogs were given single oral dose of the test preparation and reference preparation, then the concentration of mirabegron in plasma was determined, the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated and the difference of the two preparations were evaluated. RESULTS The linear range of mirabegron in Beagle dogs plasma was 1-1 000 ng??mL^-1. The accuracy and the precisions of intra-day and inter-day also were qualified. After a single dose administration of the test preparation and reference preparation, the pharmacokinetic parameters were as follow:t_1/2 were(7.14??1.59) vs (7.13??1.78)h, ??_max were (144.4??77.5) vs (130.3??39.2)ng??mL^-1, t_max were (3.72??1.87) vs (4.64??1.55)h, AUC_0??48 were (1 021??439) vs (989??299)ng??h??mL^-1, AUC_0???? were (1 043??441) vs (1 010??301)ng??h??mL^-1. CONCLUSION The LC-MS/MS method is suitable for pharmacokinetic study of mirabegron. Moreover, there is no significant difference in the pharmacokinetic profiles between the two preparations of mirabegron.     

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??OBJECTIVE To establish the HPLC fingerprints of Feijiehe pills and provide a foundation for its quality control and evaluation. METHODS A gradient elution method was applied. Ten batches of samples were analyzed by HPLC on a Diamonsil C₁₈ (4.6 mm??250 mm,5 ??m) column with mobile phase composed of acetonitrile-0.01% phosphoric acid solution at a flow rate of 0.8 mL??min^-1, the detection was carried out at 270 nm, and the column temperature was maintained at 25 ??. RESULTS There were 10 common peaks in the HPLC fingerprints. The similarity between peaks was more than 0.90. CONCLUSION The method is simple, accurate, reliable, and suitable to be applied to the quality control of Feijiehe pills.     

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??OBJECTIVE To study the safety and feasibility of using stems and leaves of Panax notoginseng and flowers of Panax notoginseng as new food ingredients. METHODS The edible history, nutrition and quality standards of Panax notoginseng's stems, leaves and flowers were summarized. Then toxicological test was conducted in mice to investigate the toxicity. RESULTS The stems and leaves of Panax notoginseng and flowers of Panax notoginseng have a long edible history, rich in vitamins, minerals, proteins, amino acids and other nutrients. Pharmacological experiment results showed that they were safe and nontoxic, without obvious organ damages. CONCLUSION It is of great value to use the stems, leaves and flowers of Panax notoginseng as new food ingredients under the recommended dosage. This study provides reference to the utilization of the non-medicinal parts of other Chinese herbal medicines.     

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??OBJECTIVE To search the orphan drug list from the countries which had initiated orphan drug policies and give reference to improve the orphan drug accessibility in our country. METHODS We searched the official medicine management websites of the United States??Singapore??Japan?? Australia??European Union?? Chinese Taiwan and South Korea and extracted information of orphan drugs which had been approved to the market. Then those orphan drugs were investigated whether had been imported and reimbursed in China, through the website of China Food and Drug Administration. Drug classification was according to the ??pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China?? (2010 version). Disease classification was according to the ICD-10.Insurance information was according to the ??national basic medical insurance?? employment injury insurance and maternity insurance drug catalogue??(2009 version).RESULTS The United States??Japan and Australia had launched orphan drug list. A total of 1 133 drugs were improved to the market, covering 26 diseases. 329 anticancer drugs??168 endocrine, nutritional and metabolic disease drugs??122 hematologic disease drug ranked in the top three, accounted for 29.04%??14.83% and 10.77% of all drugs respectively. China has imported no more than 30%, with the anticancer drugs??infectious and parasitic diseases drugs??endocrine, nutritional and metabolic disease drugs ranking in the top three. In the imported drugs, 33 were included in the insurance list.CONCLUSION Orphan drug accessibility is lack in our country. To improve this status, the related department were suggested to develop national drug policies for orphan drugs, evidence-based select the orphan drug list appling to burden of disease, establish priority approach for approval of imported orphan drug and motivate the R&D enthusiasm of local companies.     

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??OBJECTIVE To observe the change of EPO in brain of aging rat induced by D-galactose(D-gal) and the EPO-based antiaging of the water extract of Radix Rehmanniae Preparata(WERRP). METHODS D-gal-treated groups were received subcutaneous injection of D-gal at dose of 50, 150 and 250 mg??kg^-1 daily for 8 weeks to imitate an aging model that was induced by oxidative stress. After the detection of EPO in hippocampus, the 150 mg??kg^-1 D-gal group was chose as the aging model. In addition the WERRP-treated group and vehicle group was set. The WERRP-treated group was given WERRP oral gavage at a dose of 4 g??kg^-1 daily starting from the 5th week. Morris water maze (MWM) test was used to assess the spatial learning and memory. SOD, MDA and ??-galactosidase in brain were examined by Assay Kits. Finally, EPO, EPOR, and HIF-2?? in hippocampus were determined by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. RESULTS D-gal-treated group showed significant longer latency to platform and less times of cross the platform(P<0.05) in MWM. After treated with D-gal, SOD was drastically decreased and MDA and ??-galactosidase were remarkably increased in brains compared with vehicle (0.9% saline)-treated rats (P<0.01). In addition, the expression of EPO,EPOR and HIF-2?? were significantly decreased in the brains of D-gal-treated rats compared with vehicle-treated rats. Meanwhile, there was a negative correlation between EPOR and MDA in content. Interestingly, WERRP-treated rats showed significant improvement of spatial learning and memory, decrease of oxidative stress and enhancement of EPO/EPOR in the brain compared with 150 mg??kg^-1 D-gal-treated rat(P<0.05). CONCLUSION The aging rats induced by D-gal show a significant decline of EPO in brain which indicate the decrease of brain EPO in aging is related to the increase of oxidative stress. That WERRP reverses the decline of the EPO expression in aging model may be the underlying mechanism of the role of anti-aging of WERRP.     

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??OBJECTIVE To compare the properties of nitrendipine/PVP k25 solid dispersions prepared by three different technologies including spray drying, freeze-drying and co-precipitation technology. METHODS The characteristics of nitrendipine solid dispersions including micromorphology, crystalline profile and intermolecular interactions were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The dissolution and solubility characteristics were investigated by dissolution apparatus and constant temperature shaker. The crystallization inhibition effect of polymers against the drug in a supersaturated state was investigated by supersaturation crystallization experiment. RESULTS Nitrendipine existed in an amorphous form in the solid dispersion obtained by spray drying method. Compared with co-precipitation and freeze-drying method, the solid dispersion prepared by spray drying method significantly improved the dissolution and solubility of nitrendipine (P<0.05). The RESULTS of supersaturation crystallization inhibition test showed that PVP k25 could obviously inhibit the crystallization of nitrendipine in supersaturated state. CONCLUSION Based on the analysis of the above mentioned properties, nitrendipine solid dispersion prepared by spray drying technology displays the most optimal properties. Spray drying technology is more suitable for the practical production and industrial applications of nitrendipine solid dispersions.     

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??OBJECTIVE To prepare sulfadiazine solid dispersion, determine its solubility and dissolution in vitro, and investigate its physical properties. METHODS Using in vitro dissolution as an index, single factor test and orthogonal design were used to optimize the preparation process of sulfadiazine solid dispersion. The existing state of sulfadiazine was identified by DSC, IR spectroscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction. RESULTS The solubility and dissolution rate of sulfadiazine solid dispersion prepared by the optimized preparing process were increased by 17 times and 3 times respectively than crude sulfadiazine. Sulfadiazine existed in an amorphous state as shown by phase identification. CONCLUSION The solid dispersion prepared by the solvent-molten method with PEG4000 as the carrier can significantly improve the solubility and the dissolution rate of sulfadiazine.     

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??OBJECTIVE To discuss the effect and mechanism of cinepazide maleate (CM) on myocardial injured rats induced by isoproterenol (Iso). METHODS Fifty male and female rats were divided into normal group, model group, the low and the high dose group of the CM, and captopril (Cap)positive control group. The rat model of myocardial injury was established by subcutaneous injection of Iso (5 mg??kg^-1??d^-1)for 7 d, rats in treatment group were given intraperitoneal injection of CM on the second day (1.5,3 mg??kg^-1??d^-1), rats in positive control group were given intragastric administration of Cap(10 mg??kg^-1??d^-1), and rats in normal group and model group were given intraperitoneal injection of normal saline in the same volume, for 14 d. The rats in each group were tested before and after treatment by three times of running endurance test. After stopping drug all rats were anesthetized for measuring the electrocardiogram (ECG), then taken blood for measuring the activities of serum SOD, LDH and CK, and taken hearts for measuring heart weight index (HWI), left ventricular mass index (LHWI), the contents of myocardial hydroxyproline (Hyp)and MDA, and observing the morphological changes of myocardial tissue by HE staining. RESULTS Compared with rats in normal group, rats in model group showed endurance value decrease, ECG abnormalities (arrhythmia and myocardial ischemia in waveform), increased HWI, LHWI (P<0.01), myocardial Hyp content, myocardial MDA level, and the level of serum LDH and CK, and reduced the serum SOD activity (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with model group, CM could significantly increase endurance value, improve abnormal phenomenon of ECG, lower the HWI, LHWI, myocardial Hyp content, myocardial MDA level, and serum LDH and CK levels were lower, and serum SOD activity increased, especially in high dose group of CM (P<0.01). HE staining showed in the model group rat ventricular remodeling, myocardial rupture, a large number of collagen fibers, in the treatment group, ventricular remodeling and myocardial fibrosis were significantly improved. CONCLUSION Cinepazide maleate has protective effect on myocardial injury of rats induced by Iso.     

丹参总酚酸联合生脉注射液在体外循环中对心肌保护作用的探讨

目的:研究并分析生丹参总酚酸联合生脉注射液在体外循环中的心肌保护作用。方法:采用随机数字表法将90例需要体外循环手术的患者分为对照组和研究组组,其中研究组应用含有丹参总酚酸联合生脉注射液的心脏停搏液,对照组应用常规治疗,两组患者分别于术前30min,术后30 min、24 h抽取静脉血,测定心肌肌酸激酶同功酶(CK-MB)心肌钙蛋白(c Tn I),通过这两项血浆标记物的数值比较有无差异。结果:研究组应用含有丹参总酚酸联合生脉注射液的心脏停搏液,与对照组常规治疗相比,其血浆心肌肌酸激酶同功酶CK-MB含量在术后30 min、术后24 h有显著差异,P<0.05,;其血浆心肌钙蛋白c Tn I含量含量在术后30 min、术后24 h与对照组相比亦有显著差异,P<0.05,差异具有统计学意义。结论:在心停搏液中加入丹参总酚酸联合生脉注射液在体外循环手术中具有确切的临床疗效,生脉注射液能够减少患者的心肌缺血再灌注损伤,减少患者心肌损害,对心肌具有保护作用,值得临床上进一步研究和推广应用。     

参附益心颗粒对心肌梗死后心力衰竭大鼠心肌线粒体呼吸功能的影响

目的观察参附益心颗粒对心力衰竭大鼠线粒体呼吸功能的影响。方法采用结扎大鼠左冠状动脉前降支的方法复制心肌梗死后心力衰竭大鼠模型。将造模成功的40只大鼠随机分为模型组、参附益心颗粒(简称参附)常用剂量组[1.76 g/(kg·d)]、大剂量组[8.8 g/(kg·d)]和氯沙坦组[10 mg/(kg·d)],每组10只,同时设假手术组10只。分别给予相应的药物或相同体积的蒸馏水灌胃4周。利用颈动脉导管法测量相关血流动力学指标:心率(HR)、左室收缩压(LVSP)、左室舒张末压(LVEDP)及左室压最大上升和下降速率(±dp/dtmax);采用Seahorse法检测线粒体呼吸功能相关参数:基础呼吸、最大呼吸、态3呼吸(T3)、态4呼吸(T4)和控制率(RCR);Western Blot法检测心肌线粒体呼吸链复合酶Ⅰ~Ⅴ的蛋白表达量。结果与假手术组比较,模型组HR、LVEDP明显升高(P<0.01),LVSP、±dt/dpmax降低(P<0.05,P<0.01);T3、最大呼吸及RCR1、RCR2值均降低(P<0.01),T4明显升高(P<0.01);呼吸链复合酶Ⅲ和Ⅳ表达降低(P<0.01,P<0.05)。与模型组比较,各药物干预组LVEDP降低(P<0.01),±dt/dpmax升高(P<0.05,P<0.01),参附常用量和大剂量组LVSP增高(P<0.05,P<0.01),参附常用量组和氯沙坦组中HR降低(P<0.05);各药物干预组T3、最大呼吸和RCR值均上升(P<0.01),参附常用量组和氯沙坦组T4下降(P<0.05,P<0.01);各药物干预组呼吸链复合酶Ⅲ均升高(P<0.01,P<0.05),参附大剂量组和氯沙坦组中呼吸链复合酶Ⅳ升高(P<0.05)。结论参附益心颗粒能够改善心衰大鼠线粒体呼吸功能、增加心肌收缩力,其机制可能与抑制线粒体呼吸链复合酶Ⅲ和Ⅳ含量的降低有关。     

羟基红花黄色素A缓解大鼠心肌线粒体损伤的作用研究

 目的研究红花成分羟基红花黄色素A(HSYA)对大鼠心肌线粒体损伤的作用。方法采用低温离心法制备大鼠心肌线粒体;比浊法检测线粒体肿胀;荧光偏振法测量线粒体膜流动性;硫代巴比妥酸比色法观察线粒体脂质过氧化水平。结果HSYA可明显减轻离体大鼠心肌线粒体肿胀(P<0.05)、缓解线粒体膜流动性的下降(P<0.001)、抑制羟自由基诱导的线粒体脂质过氧化(P<0.001)。结论HSYA可减轻大鼠心肌线粒体的损伤。     

温心方对心肌缺血再灌注损伤大鼠线粒体能量代谢的作用机制

目的 揭示温心方对心肌缺血再灌注损伤大鼠线粒体能量代谢的改善作用及其对沉默信息调节因子1（SIRT1）/过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ共激活因子-1α（PGC-1α）/雌激素受体相关受体α（ERRα）能量信号通路的作用。方法 SPF级Wistar雄性大鼠90只,随机分为假手术组、模型组、温心方低、中、高剂量组;温心方低、中、高剂量组分别给予0.99、1.98、3.96 g·kg^-1的颗粒剂灌胃,假手术组和模型组均予以等体积生理盐水灌胃;预给药21 d后,模型组及温心方组采用冠状动脉左前降支结扎30 min,再灌注2 h复制大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤（MIRI）模型,假手术组只穿线,不结扎;TTC染色观察心肌梗死面积,苏木素-伊红（HE）染色观察心肌组织病理形态,试剂盒检测血清肌酸激酶同工酶（CK-MB）和乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）活性、心肌组织ATP含量及线粒体复合体Ⅳ（CCO）、琥珀酸脱氢酶（SDH）活性,实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应（Real-time PCR）、蛋白免疫印迹法（Western blot）检测心肌组织SIRT1、PGC-1α、ERRα、TFAM mRNA及蛋白表达。结果 与假手术组比较,模型组心肌纤维断裂,排列紊乱,细胞胞质水肿,细胞核出现固缩、偏移;CK-MB、LDH活性明显升高（P<0.05,P<0.01）,ATP含量及CCO、SDH活性明显降低（P<0.05,P<0.01）,心肌组织心肌组织SIRT1、PGC-1α、ERRα、mtTFA mRNA及蛋白表达均明显降低（P<0.05,P<0.01）;与模型组比较,温心方预处理各组心肌梗死面积显著缩小,且以高剂量组最显著（P<0.01）,心肌组织病理形态有所改善,CK-MB、LDH活性明显降低（P<0.05,P<0.01）,ATP含量及CCO、SDH活性均有提高,以高剂量组最显著（P<0.01）,心肌组织SIRT1、PGC-1α、ERRα、TFAM mRNA及蛋白表达均有不同程度提高（P<0.05,P<0.01）。结论 温心方可通过调控SIRT1/PGC-1α/ERRα信号通路,改善心肌线粒体能量代谢,保护心肌缺血再灌注损伤。     

红花黄色素对急性心肌缺血大鼠的保护作用

目的:观察红花黄色素对急性心肌缺血大鼠心肌组织中丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的影响及对心肌组织损伤的保护作用.方法:大鼠分为5组,阳性药组(丹参注射液,含生药3.75 g·kg-1)、红花黄色素高、低剂量组(含生药80,40 mg·kg-1)、正常对照组(生理盐水)、模型组(生理盐水),每组13只,均ip,连续7d,于第8天ip垂体后叶素(Pit) 20 U·kg-1造模成大鼠急性心肌缺血模型,测定左心室心肌组织中SOD,MDA的变化以及观察心肌梗死面积的变化.结果:在造模成功的前提下,红花黄色素高、低剂量组与模型组比,可显著增加大鼠左心室心肌中SOD活性[(47.57±11.52)vs(25.97±7.73) U·mg-1,P ＜0.01; (41.28±11.97) vs(25.97±7.73) U·mg-1,P ＜0.05],并明显降低MDA含量[(0.29±0.08) vs(1.40±0.26) nmol· mg-,P ＜0.01;(0.45±0.15)vs(1.40 ±0.26)nmol·mg-1,P＜0.01],且呈量效关系;经TTC染色,红花黄色素高剂量组梗死区面积明显小于模型组[(32.20±2.2)％vs(43.84±6.3)％,P＜0.05].结论:红花黄色素注射液对Pit所致的急性心肌缺血大鼠有保护作用,其作用机制可能与抗氧化有关.     

舒血宁注射液对大鼠心肌缺血的保护作用

目的:观察舒血宁注射液对垂体后叶素( Pit)诱导的急性心肌缺血的保护作用.方法:筛选出70只肢体Ⅱ导心电反应较敏感的大鼠分成7组,空白组,模型组,金纳多17.5 mg·kg -,注射液组,硝酸甘油注射液2.5 mg·kg -1,组,舒血宁注射液的高、中、低剂量组17.5,8.75,4.38 mg· kg -1,每组10只,大鼠尾静脉分别注射各组药物,给药10 min后,采用大鼠舌下静脉注射垂体后叶素(Pit)1 u·kg-1,造成急性心肌缺血模型,通过心电图观察注射垂体后叶素后不同时间点的肢体Ⅱ导联心电图ST段、T波、心率的变化,大鼠心肌缺血阳性率及心律失常发生率的改变,考察舒血宁注射液对血清中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、丙二醛(MDA)、肌酸激酶(CK),心肌梗死面积及梗死率的影响.结果:舒血宁注射液对pit所致急性心肌缺血大鼠心电图及心率的变化均有明显的改善作用,降低心肌缺血阳性率和心律失常发生率,显著降低血清中LDH,CK,MDA的含量,增加血清中SOD的活性,降低心肌的梗死面积及梗死率.结论:舒血宁注射液对pit致大鼠急性心肌缺血具有较明显的保护作用.     

参附益心颗粒对心肌梗死后心力衰竭大鼠线粒体动力学的影响

目的：采用左冠状动脉前降支结扎术制备心肌梗死后心力衰竭大鼠模型,观察参附益心颗粒对心力衰竭大鼠线粒体动力学的影响。方法：50只SD雄性大鼠随机取10只为假手术组,其余为造模组,采用左冠状动脉前降支结扎术制备心肌梗死后心力衰竭大鼠模型。根据术后28 d左室射血分数(LVEF)将模型大鼠随机分为模型组、参附益心颗粒低、高剂量组(3.011、15.055 g·kg^-1)、沙库巴曲缬沙坦钠组(20.83 mg·kg^-1)。各给药组每日灌胃相应剂量药液,假手术组、模型组灌胃等体积生理盐水,1次/d,连续给药28 d,每组6只。超声检测心功能参数,称量大鼠心脏质量、体质量,计算心脏质量指数,酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测血清脑钠肽(BNP)和可溶性生长刺激表达基因2蛋白(sST2)含量,苏木素-伊红(HE)染色观察心肌病理形态,实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Real-time PCR)、蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测线粒体融合蛋白1/2(Mfn1/2)、视神经萎缩蛋白1(Opa1)、动力相关蛋白1(Drp1)、分裂蛋白1(Fis1)m...     

基于线粒体融合-裂解探讨化瘀祛痰方对动脉粥样硬化家兔心肌纤维化的抑制作用

目的:探讨化瘀祛痰方通过影响线粒体融合-裂解对动脉粥样硬化家兔心肌纤维化的抑制作用。方法:选取SPF级健康雄性家兔36只,随机选取6只为正常组,给予普通颗粒饲料;另30只采用高脂饲料建立动脉粥样硬化模型。模型复制成功后,随机分为模型组、化瘀祛痰方低、中、高剂量组(4.0,8.0,16.0 g·kg^-1)及辛伐他汀组(1.4 mg·kg^-1),各6只。各给药组按剂量给予相应药物,连续给药4周。全自动生物化学分析仪检测各组家兔血清血脂水平,马松(Masson)染色法观察各组家兔心肌纤维化程度,免疫组化法检测心肌组织线粒体融合蛋白1(Mitofusin1),线粒体融合蛋白2(Mitofusin2),视神经萎缩蛋白1(Opa1),发动蛋白相关蛋白1(Drp1),分裂蛋白1(Fis1)表达水平。结果:与正常组比较,模型组家兔血清总胆固醇(TC),甘油三酯(TG),低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平明显升高,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平明显降低,心肌组织Mitofusin1,Mitofusin2,Opa1表达水平明显降低,Drp1,Fis1表达水平明显升高(P<0.05,P<0.01),与模型组比较,辛伐他汀组及化瘀祛痰方低、中、高剂量组家兔血清TC,TG,LDL-C水平明显降低,HDL-C水平明显升高,心肌组织Mitofusin1,Mitofusin2,Opa1表达水平明显升高,Drp1,Fis1表达水平明显降低(P<0.05,P<0.01),与化瘀祛痰方高剂量组比较,辛伐他汀组及化瘀祛痰方低、中剂量组血清TC,TG,LDL-C水平明显升高,HDL-C水平明显降低,心肌组织Mitofusin1,Mitofusin2,Opa1表达水平明显降低,Drp1,Fis1表达水平明显升高(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论:化瘀祛痰方能有效调节血脂,抑制粥样硬化家兔心肌纤维化,且化瘀祛痰方剂量越高效果越明显,推测其作用可能与调节心肌细胞线粒体融合-裂解相关蛋白Mitofusin1,Mitofusin2及Opa1,Drp1,Fis1表达有关。     

微寒性药物对大鼠急性心肌缺血的保护作用

目的:通过结扎冠状动脉左前降支造成大鼠急性心肌缺血模型,观察微寒性药物桑枝提取物抗心肌缺血作用。方法:将大鼠分为4组,结扎冠状动脉左前降支造成急性心肌缺血。阳性药地尔硫组给药剂量为16mg/kg,桑枝提取液剂量为8g生药/kg,连续灌胃给药7天。于冠脉结扎前、结扎即刻及给药后不同时间点监测心电图,标测ST段毫伏数。冠脉结扎3h后处死动物,取心脏行氯化硝基四氮唑蓝染色,测算心肌梗死面积,腹主动脉取血,测定血清MDA含量。结果:桑枝提取物可明显降低冠脉结扎所致大鼠心肌缺血模型心电图ST段抬高幅度,同时缩小心肌梗死面积,MDA值下降。结论:桑枝提取物对大鼠实验性心肌缺血具有一定的保护作用。