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1.
Ian K. Campbell Sarah A. Kinkel Sarah F. Drake Annemarie Van Nieuwenhuijze Franois‐Xavier Hubert David M. Tarlinton William R. Heath Hamish S. Scott Ian P. Wicks 《Arthritis \u0026amp; Rheumatology》2009,60(6):1683-1693
Objective
Autoimmune regulator (Aire) promotes the ectopic expression of tissue‐restricted antigens in medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs), leading to negative selection of autoreactive T cells. This study was undertaken to determine whether loss of central tolerance renders Aire‐deficient (Aire−/−) mice more susceptible to the induction of autoimmune arthritis.Methods
Medullary TECs were isolated from Aire−/− and wild‐type C57BL/6 mice for gene expression analysis. Collagen‐induced arthritis (CIA) was elicited by injection of chick type II collagen (CII) in adjuvant. Cellular and humoral immune responses to CII were evaluated. Chimeric mice were created by reconstituting lymphocyte‐deficient mice with either Aire−/− or wild‐type CD4 T cells and wild‐type B cells.Results
Wild‐type, but not Aire−/−, mTECs expressed the CII gene Col2a1. Aire−/− mice developed more rapid and severe CIA, showing elevated serum anti‐CII IgG levels, with earlier switching to arthritogenic IgG subclasses. No evidence was found of enhanced T cell responsiveness to CII in Aire−/− mice; however, Aire−/− CD4 T cells were more efficient at stimulating wild‐type B cells to produce anti‐CII IgG following immunization of chimeric mice with CII.Conclusion
Our findings indicate that Aire‐dependent expression of CII occurs in mTECs, implying that there is central tolerance to self antigens found in articular cartilage. Reduced central tolerance to CII in Aire−/− mice manifests as increased CD4 T cell help to B cells for cross‐reactive autoantibody production and enhanced CIA. Aire and central tolerance help prevent cross‐reactive autoimmune responses to CII initiated by environmental stimuli and limit spontaneous autoimmunity.2.
Aladjidi N Leverger G Leblanc T Picat MQ Michel G Bertrand Y Bader-Meunier B Robert A Nelken B Gandemer V Savel H Stephan JL Fouyssac F Jeanpetit J Thomas C Rohrlich P Baruchel A Fischer A Chêne G Perel Y;Centre de Référence National des Cytopénies Auto-immunes de l'Enfant 《Haematologica》2011,96(5):655-663
Background
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia is a rare condition in children. Little is known about its initial presentation and the subsequent progression of the disease.Design and Methods
Since 2004, a national observational study has been aiming to thoroughly describe cases and identify prognostic factors. Patients from all French hematologic pediatric units have been included if they had a hemoglobin concentration less than 11 g/dL, a positive direct antiglobulin test and hemolysis. Evans’ syndrome was defined by the association of autoimmune hemolytic anemia and immunological thrombocytopenic purpura. Data from patients’ medical records were registered from birth to last follow-up. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia was classified as primary or secondary. Remission criteria, qualifying the status of anemia at last follow-up, were used with the aim of identifying a subgroup with a favorable prognosis in continuous complete remission.Results
The first 265 patients had a median age of 3.8 years at diagnosis. In 74% of cases the direct antiglobulin test was IgG/IgG+C3d. Consanguinity was reported in 8% of cases and first degree familial immunological diseases in 15% of cases. Evans’ syndrome was diagnosed in 37% of cases. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia was post-infectious in 10%, immunological in 53% and primary in 37% of cases. After a median follow-up of 3 years, 4% of children had died, 28% were still treatment-dependent and 39% were in continuous complete remission. In multivariate analysis, IgG and IgG+C3d direct antiglobulin tests were associated with a lower rate of survival with continuous complete remission (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.43; 95% confidence interval, 0.21–0.86).Conclusions
This nationwide French cohort is the largest reported study of childhood autoimmune hemolytic anemia. The rarity of this condition is confirmed. Subgroups with genetic predisposition and underlying immune disorders were identified. 相似文献3.
Kleemann P Distler E Wagner EM Thomas S Klobuch S Aue S Schnürer E Schild H Theobald M Plachter B Tenzer S Meyer RG Herr W 《Haematologica》2012,97(6):874-882
Background
After allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation patients are at increased risk for herpes zoster as long as varicella-zoster virus specific T-cell reconstitution is impaired. This study aimed to identify immunodominant varicella-zoster virus antigens that drive recovery of virus-specific T cells after transplantation.Design and Methods
Antigens were purified from a varicella-zoster virus infected cell lysate by high-performance liquid chromatography and were identified by quantitative mass spectrometric analysis. To approximate in vivo immunogenicity for memory T cells, antigen preparations were consistently screened with ex vivo PBMC of varicella-zoster virus immune healthy individuals in sensitive interferon-γ ELISpot assays. Candidate virus antigens identified by the approach were genetically expressed in PBMC using electroporation of in vitro transcribed RNA encoding full-length proteins and were then analyzed for recognition by CD4+ and CD8+ memory T cells.Results
Varicella-zoster virus encoded glycoproteins B and E, and immediate early protein 62 were identified in immunoreactive lysate material. Predominant CD4+ T-cell reactivity to these proteins was observed in healthy virus carriers. Furthermore, longitudinal screening in allogeneic stem-cell transplantation patients showed strong expansions of memory T cells recognizing glycoproteins B and E after onset of herpes zoster, while immediate early protein 62 reactivity remained moderate. Reactivity to viral glycoproteins boosted by acute zoster was mediated by both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.Conclusions
Our data demonstrate that glycoproteins B and E are major targets of varicella-zoster virus specific CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell reconstitution occurring during herpes zoster after allogeneic stem-cell transplantation. Varicella-zoster virus glycoproteins B and E might form the basis for novel non-hazardous zoster subunit vaccines suitable for immunocompromised transplant patients. 相似文献4.
Hong-Wei Gao Hai-Long Zhuo Xue Zhang Shou-Ping Ji Ying-Xia Tan Su-Bo Li Yan-Jun Jia Hua Xu Qing-Fa Wu Zhi-Min Yun Qun Luo Feng Gong 《Trasfusione del sangue》2016,14(2):168-174
Background
Enzymatic conversion of blood group A1B red blood cells (RBC) to group O RBC (ECO) was achieved by combined treatment with α-galactosidase and α-N-acetylgalactosaminidase. The aim of this study was to evaluate the function and safety of these A1B-ECO RBC in vitro.Materials and methods
A 20% packed volume of A1B RBC was treated with enzymes in 250 mM glycine buffer, pH 6.8. The efficiency of the conversion of A and B antigen was evaluated by traditional typing in test tubes, gel column agglutination technology and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis. The physiological and metabolic parameters of native and ECO RBC were compared, including osmotic fragility, erythrocyte deformation index, levels of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate, ATP, methaemoglobin, free Na+, and free K+. The morphology of native and ECO RBC was observed by scanning electron microscopy. Residual α-galactosidase or α-N-acetylgalactosaminidase in A1B-ECO RBC was detected by double-antibody sandwich ELISA method. Manual cross-matching was applied to ensure blood compatibility.Results
The RBC agglutination tests and FACS results showed that A1B RBC were efficiently converted to O RBC. Functional analysis suggested that the conversion process had little impact on the physiological and metabolic parameters of the RBC. The residual amounts of either α-galactosidase or α-N-acetylgalactosaminidase in the A1B-ECO RBC were less than 10 ng/mL of packed RBC. About 18% of group B and 55% of group O sera reacted with the A1B-ECO RBC in a sensitive gel column cross-matching test.Discussion
The conversion process does not appear to affect the morphological, physiological or metabolic parameters of A1B-ECO RBC. However, the A1B-ECO RBC still reacted with some antigens. More research on group O and B sera, which may partly reflect the complexity of group A1 the safety of A1B-ECO RBC is necessary before the application of these RBC in clinical transfusion. 相似文献5.
Background
Patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria harbor clonal glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor deficient cells arising from a multipotent hematopoietic stem cell acquiring a PIG-A mutation. Many patients with aplastic anemia and myelodysplastic syndromes also harbor small populations of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor deficient cells. Patients with aplastic anemia often evolve into paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria; however, myelodysplastic syndromes seldom evolve into paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Here, we investigate the origin and clonality of small glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor deficient cell populations in aplastic anemia and myelodysplastic syndromes.Design and Methods
We used peripheral blood flow cytometry to identify glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor deficient blood cells, a proaerolysin-resistant colony forming cell assay to select glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor deficient progenitor cells, a novel T-lymphocyte enrichment culture assay with proaerolysin selection to expand glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor deficient T lymphocytes, and PIG-A gene sequencing assays to identify and analyze PIG-A mutations in patients with aplastic anemia and myelodysplastic syndromes.Results
Twelve of 15 aplastic anemia patients were found to harbor a small population of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor deficient granulocytes; 11 of them were found to harbor a small population of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor deficient erythrocytes, 10 patients were detected to harbor glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor deficient T lymphocytes, and 3 of them were detected only after T-lymphocyte enrichment in proaerolysin selection. PIG-A mutation analyses on 3 patients showed that all of them harbored a matching PIG-A mutation between CFU-GM and enriched T lymphocytes. Two of 26 myelodysplastic syndromes were found to harbor small populations of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor deficient granulocytes and erythrocytes transiently. Bone marrow derived CD34+ cells from 4 patients grew proaerolysin-resistant colony forming cells bearing PIG-A mutations. No glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor deficient T lymphocytes were detected in myelodysplastic syndrome patients.Conclusions
In contrast to aplastic anemia and paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, where PIG-A mutations arise from multipotent hematopoietic stem cells, glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor deficient cells in myelodysplastic syndromes appear to arise from more committed progenitors. 相似文献6.
de Montalembert M Dumont MD Heilbronner C Brousse V Charrara O Pellegrino B Piguet C Soussan V Noizat-Pirenne F 《Haematologica》2011,96(6):801-807
Background
Transfusion is a cornerstone of the management of sickle cell disease but carries a high risk of hemolytic transfusion reaction, probably because of differences in erythrocyte antigens between blood donors of European descent and patients of African descent. Patients may experience hemolytic transfusion reactions that are delayed by from a few days to two weeks and manifest as acute hemolysis (hemoglobinuria, jaundice, and pallor), symptoms suggesting severe vaso-occlusive crisis (pain, fever, and acute chest syndrome), and profound anemia, often with reticulocytopenia. This case-series study aims to describe the main characteristics of this syndrome, to discuss its pathophysiology, and to propose a management strategy.Design and Methods
We identified 8 pediatric cases of delayed hemolytic transfusion reactions between 2006 and 2009 in the database of the Necker Hospital, France. All patients had received cross-matched red cell units compatible in the ABO, RH, and KEL systems. We reviewed the medical charts in the computerized blood transfusion databases. All patients were admitted to the intensive care unit. We progressively adopted the following strategy: intravenous immunoglobulins, and darbopoietin alpha when the reticulocyte count was below 150×109/L, without further blood transfusion during the acute episode unless absolutely necessary.Results
The median time between the transfusion and the diagnosis of delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction was six days. All patients had severe bone pain; all but one had a high-grade fever. Five patients had hemoglobin levels less than than 4g/dL and 3 had reticulocytopenia. In 5 patients, no new antibody was found; one patient had weakly reactive antibodies. Only 2 patients had new allo-antibodies possibly responsible for the delayed hemolytic reaction.Conclusions
The initial symptoms of delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction were complex and mimicked other complications of sickle cell disease. In most of our cases, no new antibody was identified, which underlines the complexity of the pathophysiology of this syndrome. 相似文献7.
Gláucia A.S. Guelsin Camila Rodrigues Jeane E.L. Visentainer Paula de Melo Campos Fabíola Traina Simone C.O. Gilli Sara T.O. Saad Lilian Castilho 《Trasfusione del sangue》2015,13(1):53-58
Background
Matching for Rh and K antigens has been used in an attempt to reduce antibody formation in patients receiving chronic transfusions but an extended phenotype matching including Fya and Jka antigens has also been recommended. The aim of this study was to identify an efficient transfusion protocol of genotype matching for patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia. We also examined a possible association of HLA class II alleles with red blood cell (RBC) alloimmunisation.Materials and methods
We evaluated 43 patients with MDS undergoing transfusion therapy with and without antibody formation. We investigated antigen-matched RBC units for ABO, D, C, c, E, e, K, Fya, Fyb, Jka, Jkb, S, s, Doa, Dob and Dia on the patients’ samples and on the donor units serologically matched for them based on their ABO, Rh and K phenotypes and presence of antibodies. We also determined the frequencies of HLA-DRB1 alleles in the alloimmunised and non-alloimmunised patients.Results
Seventeen of the 43 patients had discrepancies or mismatches for multiple antigens between their genotype-predicted profile and the antigen profile of the units of blood serologically matched for them. We verified that 36.8% of patients had more than one RBC alloantibody and 10.5% of patients had autoantibodies. Although we were able to find a better match for the patients in our extended genotyped/phenotyped units, we verified that matching for Rh and K would be sufficient for most of the patients. We also observed an over-representation of the HLA-DRB1*13 allele in the non-alloimmunised group of patients with MDS.Discussion
In our population molecular matching for C, c, E, e, K was able to reduce RBC alloimmunisation in MDS patients. An association of HLA-DRB1*13 and protection from RBC alloimmunisation should be confirmed. 相似文献8.
Griffioen M Honders MW van der Meijden ED van Luxemburg-Heijs SA Lurvink EG Kester MG van Bergen CA Falkenburg JH 《Haematologica》2012,97(8):1196-1204
Background
Patients with hematologic malignancies can be successfully treated with donor lymphocyte infusion after HLA-matched allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The effect of donor lymphocyte infusion is mediated by donor T cells recognizing minor histocompatibility antigens. T cells recognizing hematopoietic restricted minor histocompatibility antigens may induce selective graft-versus-leukemia reactivity, whereas broadly-expressed antigens may be targeted in graft-versus-host disease.Design and Methods
We analyzed in detail CD8+ T-cell immunity in a patient with relapsed chronic myelogenous leukemia who responded to donor lymphocyte infusion with minimal graft-versus-host disease of the skin. CD8+ T-cell clones specific for 4 HLA-B*40:01 restricted minor histocompatibility antigens were isolated which were identified by screening a plasmid cDNA library and whole genome association scanning. Detailed T-cell reactivity and monitoring experiments were performed to estimate the clinical and therapeutic relevance of the novel antigens.Results
Three antigens were demonstrated to be expressed on primary leukemic cells of various origins as well as subtypes of non-malignant hematopoietic cells, whereas one antigen was selectively recognized on malignant hematopoietic cells with antigen presenting cell phenotype. Skin derived fibroblasts were only recognized after pre-treatment with IFN-γ by two T-cell clones.Conclusions
Our data show evidence for different roles of the HLA-B*40:01 restricted minor histocompatibility antigens in the onset and execution of the anti-tumor response. All antigens may have contributed to a graft-versus-leukemia effect, and one minor histocompatibility antigen (LB-SWAP70-1Q) has specific therapeutic value based on its in vivo immunodominance and strong presentation on leukemic cells of various origins, but absence of expression on cytokine-treated fibroblasts. 相似文献9.
Jedema I van de Meent M Pots J Kester MG van der Beek MT Falkenburg JH 《Haematologica》2011,96(8):1204-1212
Background
One of the major challenges in allogeneic stem cell transplantation is to find a balance between the harmful induction of graft-versus-host disease and the beneficial graft-versus-leukemia and pathogen-specific immune responses. Adoptive transfer of in-vitro generated donor T cells with specific anti-leukemic or pathogen-specific activity may be effective. However, in many cases this requires the in-vitro priming and expansion of antigen-specific precursor T cells from the naïve donor T-cell repertoire.Design and Methods
Antigen-specific CD8 T cells were generated by co-culture of CD45RO-depleted, regulatory T cell-depleted donor peripheral blood mononuclear cells with autologous peptide-loaded dendritic cells, followed by two re-stimulations with peptide-loaded autologous monocytes. Responding T cells were isolated based on CD137 expression and further purified using peptide/major histocompatibility complex tetramers.Results
Using this method we were able to reproducibly generate functionally high avidity T cells directed against multiple viral antigens and minor histocompatibility antigens from the naïve T-cell repertoire of seronegative, minor histocompatibility antigen-negative donors. Furthermore, we demonstrated that reduction of the regulatory T-cell frequency by depletion of CD45RO+ responder cells resulted in improved priming and expansion of antigen-specific precursor T cells.Conclusions
In conclusion, we present a robust method for the in-vitro induction and isolation of antigen-specific T cells from the naïve repertoire. We demonstrate that the likelihood of successful generation of primary immune responses is determined by a delicate balance between the numbers of antigen-specific precursor T cells and the numbers and activation state of regulatory T cells locally at the site of priming of the immune response. 相似文献10.
Rosa Bacchetta Silvia Gregori Giorgia Serafini Claudia Sartirana Ute Schulz Elisabetta Zino Stefan Tomiuk Uwe Jansen Maurilio Ponzoni Carlo Terenzio Paties Katharina Fleischhauer Maria Grazia Roncarolo 《Haematologica》2010,95(12):2134-2143
Background
CD4+ regulatory T cells are a specialized subset of T cells that actively control immune responses. Several experimental protocols have been used to expand natural regulatory T cells and to generate adaptive type 1 regulatory T cells for regulatory T-cell-based therapies.Design and Methods
The ability of exogenous recombinant human interleukin-10 to induce alloantigen-specific anergy in T cells was investigated and compared to that of interleukin-10 derived from tolerogenic dendritic cells, in mixed lymphocyte cultures. A detailed characterization of the effector functions of the resulting anergized T cells is reported.Results
Interleukin-10, whether exogenous or derived from tolerogenic dendritic cells, induces a population of alloantigen-specific T cells (interleukin-10-anergized T cells) containing type 1 regulatory T cells, which are anergic and actively suppress alloantigen-specific effector T cells present within the mixed population. Interleukin-10-induced anergy is transforming growth factor-β independent, and is associated with a decreased frequency of alloantigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte precursors, but interleukin-10-anergized T cells are still responsive to third-party, bacterial, and viral antigens. Tolerogenic dendritic cells are more powerful than exogenous interleukin-10 in generating type 1 regulatory T-cell precursors, and are also effective in the context of HLA-matched donors.Conclusions
Based on these studies, we have developed an efficient and reproducible in vitro method to generate antigen-specific type 1 regulatory T-cell precursors starting from total peripheral blood cells with minimal cell manipulation and suitable for generating type 1 regulatory T cells for regulatory T-cell-based therapies. 相似文献11.
Ping Xu Yong-Jing Chen Hui Chen Xiao-Yan Zhu Hua-Feng Song Li-Juan Cao Xue-Feng Wang 《Gut and liver》2014,8(2):186-195
Background/Aims
Programmed death-1 (PD-1) expression was investigated in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected patients at the chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection, liver cirrhosis (LC), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) stages.Methods
PD-1 expression in circulating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was detected by flow cytometry. The correlations between PD-1 expression and HBV viral load, alanine aminotransaminase (ALT) levels and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were analyzed using GraphPad Prism 5.0.Results
PD-1 expression in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was significantly increased in both the CHB group and advanced-stage group (LC plus HCC). In the CHB group, PD-1 expression in both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was positively correlated with the HBV viral load, ALT, and AST levels. However, in the LC plus HCC group, significant correlations between PD-1 expression and the clinical parameters were nearly absent.Conclusions
PD-1 expression in peripheral CD4+ and CD8+ T cells is dynamic, changes with HBV infection progression, and is related to HBV viral load and liver function, especially in CHB. PD-1 expression could be utilized as a potential clinical indicator to determine the extent of virus replication and liver injury. 相似文献12.
D. Saadoun B. Terrier J. Bannock T. Vazquez C. Massad I. Kang F. Joly M. Rosenzwajg D. Sene P. Benech L. Musset D. Klatzmann E. Meffre P. Cacoub 《Arthritis \u0026amp; Rheumatology》2013,65(4):1085-1096
Objective
Primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease associated with a high risk of developing non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma. This study was undertaken to determine the nature of B cells driving lymphoproliferation in primary SS.Methods
B cell subsets and function were analyzed in peripheral blood from 66 adult patients with primary SS (including 14 patients with B cell lymphoproliferative disease [LPD]) and 30 healthy donors, using flow cytometry, calcium mobilization, and gene array analysis. The reactivity of recombinant antibodies isolated from single B cells from patients with primary SS and LPD was tested using an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.Results
We observed an expansion of an unusual CD21−/low B cell population that correlated with lymphoproliferation in patients with primary SS. A majority of CD21−/low B cells from patients with primary SS expressed autoreactive antibodies, which recognized nuclear and cytoplasmic structures. These B cells belonged to the memory compartment, since their Ig genes were mutated. They were unable to induce calcium flux, become activated, or proliferate in response to B cell receptor and/or CD40 triggering, suggesting that these autoreactive B cells may be anergic. However, CD21−/low B cells from patients with primary SS remained responsive to Toll‐like receptor (TLR) stimulation. Molecules specifically expressed in CD21−/low B cells that are likely to induce their unresponsive stage were detected in gene array analyses.Conclusion
Patients with primary SS who display high frequencies of autoreactive and unresponsive CD21−/low B cells are susceptible to developing lymphoproliferation. These cells remain in peripheral blood controlled by functional anergy instead of being eliminated, and chronic antigenic stimulation through TLR stimulation may create a favorable environment for breaking tolerance and activating these cells.13.
Achille Iolascon Luigia De Falco Franck Borgese Maria Rosaria Esposito Rosa Anna Avvisati Pietro Izzo Carmelo Piscopo Helene Guizouarn Andrea Biondani Antonella Pantaleo Lucia De Franceschi 《Haematologica》2009,94(8):1049-1059
Background
Stomatocytoses are a group of inherited autosomal dominant hemolytic anemias and include overhydrated hereditary stomatocytosis, dehydrated hereditary stomatocytosis, hereditary cryohydrocytosis and familial pseudohyperkalemia.Design and Methods
We report a novel variant of hereditary stomatocytosis due to a de novo band 3 mutation (p. G796R-band3 CEINGE) associated with a dyserythropoietic phenotype. Band 3 genomic analysis, measurement at of hematologic parameters and red cell indices and morphological analysis of bone marrow were carried out. We then evaluated the red cell membrane permeability and ion transport systems by functional studies of the patient’s erythrocytes and Xenopus oocytes transfected with mutated band 3. We analyzed the red cell membrane tyrosine phosphorylation profile and the membrane association of the tyrosine kinases Syk and Lyn from the Src-family-kinase group, since the activity of the membrane cation transport pathways is related to cyclic phosphorylation-dephosphorylation events.Results
The patient showed mild hemolytic anemia with circulating stomatocytes together with signs of dyserythropoiesis. Her red cells displayed increased Na+ content with decreased K+content and abnormal membrane cation transport activities. Functional characterization of band 3 CEINGE in Xenopus oocytes showed that the mutated band 3 is converted from being an anion exchanger (Cl−, HCO3−) to being a cation pathway for Na+ and K+. Increased tyrosine phosphorylation of some red cell membrane proteins was observed in diseased erythrocytes. Syk and Lyn membrane association was increased in the patient’s red cells compared to in normal controls, indicating perturbation of phospho-signaling pathways involved in cell volume regulation events.Conclusions
Band 3 CEINGE alters function from that of anion exchange to cation transport, affects the membrane tyrosine phosphorylation profile, in particular of band 3 and stomatin, and its presence during red cell development likely contributes to dyserythropiesis. 相似文献14.
Kirstin Finning Radhika Bhandari Fiona Sellers Nicoletta Revelli Maria Antonietta Villa Eduardo Mu?iz-Díaz Núria Nogués 《Trasfusione del sangue》2016,14(2):160-167
Background
High-throughput genotyping platforms enable simultaneous analysis of multiple polymorphisms for blood group typing. BLOODchip® ID is a genotyping platform based on Luminex® xMAP technology for simultaneous determination of 37 red blood cell (RBC) antigens (ID CORE XT) and 18 human platelet antigens (HPA) (ID HPA XT) using the BIDS XT software.Materials and methods
In this international multicentre study, the performance of ID CORE XT and ID HPA XT, using the centres’ current genotyping methods as the reference for comparison, and the usability and practicality of these systems, were evaluated under working laboratory conditions. DNA was extracted from whole blood in EDTA with Qiagen methodologies. Ninety-six previously phenotyped/genotyped samples were processed per assay: 87 testing samples plus five positive controls and four negative controls.Results
Results were available for 519 samples: 258 with ID CORE XT and 261 with ID HPA XT. There were three “no calls” that were either caused by human error or resolved after repeating the test. Agreement between the tests and reference methods was 99.94% for ID CORE XT (9,540/9,546 antigens determined) and 100% for ID HPA XT (all 4,698 alleles determined). There were six discrepancies in antigen results in five RBC samples, four of which (in VS, N, S and Doa) could not be investigated due to lack of sufficient sample to perform additional tests and two of which (in S and C) were resolved in favour of ID CORE XT (100% accuracy). The total hands-on time was 28–41 minutes for a batch of 16 samples. Compared with the reference platforms, ID CORE XT and ID HPA XT were considered simpler to use and had shorter processing times.Discussion
ID CORE XT and ID HPA XT genotyping platforms for RBC and platelet systems were accurate and user-friendly in working laboratory settings. 相似文献15.
Soumia Touil Michelle Rosenzwajg Dan Avi Landau Philippe Le Corvoisier Charlotte Fr��d��ric David Klatzmann S��bastien Maury Jos�� L. Cohen 《Haematologica》2012,97(11):1678-1685
Background
Donor lymphocyte infusions can induce remissions in patients with relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Nevertheless, some grafted patients never display any signs of alloreactivity, either following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation or after donor lymphocyte infusions. Consequently, they do not develop graft-versus-host disease and frequently do not respond to donor lymphocyte infusions. In a recently published clinical trial, we observed that elimination of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ natural regulatory T cells from the donor lymphocyte product could improve alloreactivity and the associated anti-tumor effect in a small proportion of patients with relapsed hematologic malignancies. Here, we aimed to improve the effect of donor lymphocyte infusion by modifying the procedure for depletion of T regulatory cells.Design and Methods
We directly compared depletion of regulatory T cells from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells achieved by selection of CD127-positive cells or by selection of CD25-negative cells. We tested the manipulated products (i) in vitro in mixed lymphocyte reactions and against pathogen-derived recall antigens and (ii) in vivo in experimental graft-versus-host disease.Results
In vitro, we found that depletion of regulatory T cells through CD127 positive selection improved both alloreactive and pathogen-specific immune responses. In vivo, we observed accelerated donor T-cell division and enhanced graft-versus-host disease due to efficient regulatory T-cell depletion accompanied by enrichment in memory T cells.Conclusions
Our results show that the strategy of CD127 positive selection is an efficient way of eliminating regulatory T cells from donor lymphocyte infusions and improves alloreactivity. This supports the investigation of CD127 positive selection in place of elimination of CD25-positive cells for clinical applications.Key words: CD127 positive selection, Treg, alloreactivity, donor lymphocyte infusion 相似文献16.
Rezvani K Yong AS Mielke S Jafarpour B Savani BN Le RQ Eniafe R Musse L Boss C Kurlander R Barrett AJ 《Haematologica》2011,96(3):432-440
Background
We previously showed that vaccination with one dose of PR1 and WT1 peptides induces transient anti-leukemia immunity. We hypothesized that maintenance of a sustained anti-leukemia response may require frequent boost injections.Design and Methods
Eight patients with myeloid malignancies were enrolled in this phase II study, and 6 completed 6 injections of PR1 and WT1 peptides in Montanide-adjuvant with GM-CSF, every two weeks.Results
Both high- and low-avidity PR1 or WT1-specific CD8+ T cells were detected in all evaluable patients after the first vaccine dose. Repeated vaccination led to selective deletion of high avidity PR1- and WT1-specific CD8+ T cells and was not associated with significant reduction in WT1-expression. Additional boosting failed to increase vaccine-induced CD8+ T-cell frequencies further and in all patients the response was lost before the 6th dose. PR1- or WT1-specific CD8+ T cells were not detected in bone marrow samples, excluding their preferential localization to this site. Following a booster injection three months after the 6th vaccine dose, no high-avidity PR1 or WT1-specific CD8+ T cells could be detected, whereas low-avidity T cells were readily expanded.Conclusions
These data support the immunogenicity of PR1 and WT1 peptide vaccines. However, repeated delivery of peptides with Montanide-adjuvant and GM-CSF leads to rapid loss of high-avidity peptide-specific CD8+ T cells. These results may offer an explanation for the lack of correlation between immune and clinical responses observed in a number of clinical trials of peptide vaccination. New approaches are needed to induce long-term high-avidity memory responses against leukemia antigens. (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00499772) 相似文献17.
Background
Various techniques of genotyping the MNSs blood group have been described, but none of them enables the complete detection of all MNS antigens.Materials and Methods.
Blood samples were obtained from blood donors. Primers were created using the published DNA sequences for glycophorins A and B. Genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP).Results
A total of seven primers were found to specifically amplify the most common MNS antigens. The use of these primers has enabled us to correctly genotype all blood samples tested so far (n=116).Discussion.
Specifically created primers enable genotyping of the MNS antigens in a single PCR-SSP run. The method is reliable, easy to perform, and can be used in routine practice. 相似文献18.
Miho Okutsu Hitoshi Ohto Hiroyasu Yasuda Kinuyo Kawabata Satoshi Ono Shunnichi Saito Akiko Sugawara Masami Kikuchi Saori Miura Youko Ishii Kazuya Watanabe Yuriko Tohyama Kenneth E. Nollet 《Trasfusione del sangue》2011,9(3):311-319
Background
The indirect antiglobulin test (IAT) can be potentiated by agents such as polyethylene glycol (PEG-IAT) and albumin (Alb-IAT). PEG-IAT is generally regarded as superior to Alb-IAT for the detection of clinically significant red blood cell (RBC) antibodies. However, supporting data come from Caucasian-dominant populations. Non-Caucasian populations should be investigated as well.Material and methods
In this single-centre, retrospective, sequential study, Alb-IAT was used from 1989 to 1996 (8 years) and PEG-IAT from 1997 to 2008 (12 years). Pre-transfusion RBC alloantibody detection rates and specificity, post-transfusion alloantibody production, and the incidence of delayed haemolytic transfusion reaction were assessed and compared for the two periods.Results
Although overall RBC alloantibody detection rates were comparable, PEG-IAT more frequently detected clinically significant antibodies such as anti-E, anti-Fyb, and anti-Jka, and less frequently detected insignificant antibodies such as anti-Leb and anti-P1. New alloantibodies emerged comparably during the two periods. Delayed haemolytic transfusion reaction was less frequent during the PEG-IAT period (0.30% versus 0.12%, p<0.05).Conclusion
PEG-IAT was superior in the detection of clinically significant antibodies, reduced the detection of insignificant antibodies, and prevented delayed haemolytic transfusion reaction better than Alb-IAT among Japanese transfusion recipients in this retrospective survey of limited power. 相似文献19.
Salih Yürek Beate Mayer Mohammed Almahallawi Axel Pruss Abdulgabar Salama 《Trasfusione del sangue》2015,13(4):616-621
Background
It is very evident that many precautions are taken regarding transfusion of red blood cells in patients with autoimmune haemolytic anaemia. Frequently, considerable efforts are made to examine the indication and serological compatibility prior to transfusion in such patients. However, at times, this may unnecessarily jeopardize patients who urgently require a red blood cell transfusion.Materials and methods
Thirty-six patients with warm-type autoimmune haemolytic anaemia were included in this study. All patients had reactive serum autoantibodies and required blood transfusion. Standard serological assays were employed for the detection and characterization of antibodies to red blood cells.Results
A positive direct antiglobulin test was observed in all 36 patients, in addition to detectable antibodies in both the eluate and serum. Significant alloantibodies were detected in the serum samples of three patients (anti-c, anti-JKa, and anti-E). In 32 patients, red blood cell transfusion was administered with no significant haemolytic transfusion reactions due to auto- and/or allo-antibodies. Due to overestimation of positive cross-matches three patients received no transfusion or delayed transfusion and died, and one patient died due to unrecognised blood loss and anaemia which was attributed to an ineffective red blood cell transfusion.Discussion
Many of the reported recommendations regarding transfusion of red blood cells in autoimmune haemolytic anaemia are highly questionable, and positive serological cross-matches should not result in a delay or refusal of necessary blood transfusions. 相似文献20.