CLINICAL AND LABORATORY EVALUATION OF AIDS TRICHOPATHY

Background. The present study reports the incidence of trichocutaneous disorders studied in 500 patients infected with HIV I in a large university-based setting. Correlation of these findings with immunologic function at the time of diagnosis is presented. Unusual presentations and therapeutic interventions are discussed. Prognosis as related to various trichocutaneous disorders is elaborated. Methods. All patients in this study were hiv i positive by Western blot assay. T-cell subsets were evaluated by monoclonal antibodies against T-cell surface markers. Hair disorders were analyzed by means of light hair pull test, hair mount, polarizing microscopy, trichogram, scalp biophsy, and cultures for bacteria, fungi, and mycobacteria as indicated. Trichologic manifestations were classified based upon immunologic correlation of absolute level of helper T cells/mm³. Results. The majority of hair disorders in the study population occurred with helper T cell numbers of less than 150/mm³. Papulosquamous problems including seborrheic dermatitis and psoriasis were most commonly noted followed by disorders of cell growth cycle regulation and trichokeratinization, i.e., telogen effluvium and loose anagen syndrome. Conclusions. Multiple trichocutaneous disorders occur in the setting of retroviral infection. Most of these disorders occur in the setting of progressive immunoincompetence. The awareness of the disorders described here will aid the clinician in both the recognition and management of pilar aberrations in the appropriate clinical setting.     

CLINICAL AND LABORATORY EVALUATION OF 8-METHOXYPSORALEN TOXICITY

Twenty-seven patients with vitiligo took (Meladinine 8-methoxypsoralen) for 2 to 12 years. They were selected from those patients who, in an attempt to get a more rapid repigmentary response, exceeded the advised doses by ingesting from 7-16 tablets (equivalent to 70-160 mg) per day. These regimens were well tolerated. Hepatic and renal function were not affected.     

乙酰水杨酸酊外用治疗真菌病的研究

作者等发现乙酞水杨酸在试管中具有较强的抗真菌作用,对常见8种皮肤癣菌的最低抑菌浓度为0.5-0.09mg/ml,对白念珠菌及申克氏抱子丝菌为1mg/ml.我们选用5%或10%乙酰水杨酸酊治疗了259例皮肤真菌病.一般情况下,体、股癣选用5配剂,而对手、足癣则应用10%为宜,总治愈率为92.66%.诸种癣疾中体、股癣收效佳,治愈率分别为91.42%, 96.25%.本可剂不但疗效好且副作用小.     

青蒿油搽剂抗真菌作用实验及疗效观察

本文报告了青蒿油对6种真菌的抗真菌作用和治疗皮肤癣菌病的临床疗效。其最低抑菌浓度为:红色毛癣菌、絮状表皮癣菌为0.0625%,大脑样毛癣菌、石膏样小孢子菌0.25%,石膏样毛癣菌0.5%,白念珠菌为2%。以5%青蒿油搽剂治疗皮肤真菌病44例、2%咪康唑霜治疗31例及60%DISO(二甲基亚砜为基质剂)治疗30例,其治愈率分别为77.%、67.7%及26.7%。     

肟康唑的实验及临床研究

本文报告我国首次试制成的抗真菌咪唑类新药——肟康唑的抗真菌作用及临床治疗212例体股癣及足癣患者.实验研究证明对24种常见致病性真菌除皮炎着色真菌及3种均霉外,均有一定的抗真菌作用,对絮状表皮癣菌、高里氏念珠菌分别在1μg/ml及0.51μg/ml时即有抗菌作用.临床试用124例体股癣的治愈率达90.32%,治疗88例足癣的近期治愈率达89.78%.     

TOPICAL NICOTINAMIDE COMPARED WITH CLINDAMYCIN GEL IN THE TREATMENT OF INELAMMATORY ACNE VULGARIS

Background. Systemic and topical antimicrobials are effective in the treatment of inflammatory acne vulgaris; however, widespread use of these agents is becoming increasingly associated with the emergence of resistant pathogens raising concerns about microorganism resistance and highlighting the need for alternative nonantimicrobial agents for the treatment of acne. Nicotinamide gel provides potent antiinflammatory activity without the risk of inducing bacterial resistance. Methods. In our double-blind investigation, the safety and efficacy of topically applied 4% nicotinamide gel was compared to 1% clindamycin gel for the treatment of moderate inflammatory acne vulgaris. Seventy-six patients were randomly assigned to apply either 4% nicotinamide gel (n = 38) or 1% clindamycin gel (n = 38) twice daily for 8 weeks. Efficacy was evaluated at 4 and 8 weeks using a Physician's Global Evaluation, Acne Lesion Counts, and an Acne Severity Rating. Results. After 8 weeks, both treatments produced comparable (P = 0.19) beneficial results in the Physician's Global Evaluation of Inflammatory Acne; 82% of the patients treated with nicotinamide gel and 68% treated with clindamycin gel were improved. Both treatments produced statistically similar reductions in acne lesions (papules/pustules; ?60%, nicotinamide vs. ?43%, clindamycin, P = 0.168), and acne severity (?52% nicotinamide group vs. ?38% clindamycin group, P = 0.161). Conclusions. These data demonstrate that 4% nicotinamide gel is of comparable efficacy to 1% clindamycin gel in the treatment of acne vulgaris. Because topical clindamycin, like other antimicrobials, is associated with emergence of resistant microorganisms, nicotinamide gel is a desirable alternative treatment for acne vulgaris.     

健康人和病人各型舌苔真菌带菌情况调查初报

本文报告对262例病人和102名健康人舌苔真菌带菌情况的调查,其结果显示:舌苔的真菌带菌率分别为白苔70.1%和29.1%,黄苔60.5%和29.7%。在病人中黑苔为83.3%,灰苔为33.3%,其中按菌种计白念珠菌的带菌率为8.4%和2.9%,其他,念球菌为28.2%与6.9%,酵母菌18.3%与11.8%,曲菌7.6%与4.9%,青霉菌2.7%与1.9%,毛霉菌1.2%与1.0%,地丝菌0.4%与0,总带菌率为66.8%与29.4%,两组的差异具有非常明显的统计学意义(P<0.001)。白念珠菌带菌率白苔高于黄苔,这与口腔内的pH值及病人的年龄相关。     

CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE DERMAL TUMBU-FLY-MYIASIS IN EQUATORIAL-AFRICA*

SUMMARY.— The term myiasis covers a group of diseases which are caused in man and other vertebrates by the larvae of dipterous insects. According to the localization of the larvae in the organism 2 main forms may be distinguished, internal and external myiasis. The dermal Tumbu- fly-myiasis occurs normally only in Equatorial Africa; but, with the increasing use of air travel, cases have been seen in Europe. The epidemiology, clinical features and treatment of this disease are discussed.     

LOCALIZED UNILATERAL HYPERHIDROSIS—A CLINICAL AND LABORATORY STUDY

Summary.— Three case of unilateral idiopathic hyperhidrosis are described. Two of the lesions were congenital; the thrid occurred in later life. Quantitative sweat collections demonstrated that the sweat glands in the lesion were hyperresponsive to those stimuli, which normally evoked sweating in the skin sites where the lesions occurred. Hyper-responsiveness of the sweat glands to cholinergic stimuli was also demonstrated, and histology revealed greatly enalrged glands.
These results suggest that the hyperhidrosis is due to Increased glandular mass, although sweat gland hypersensitivity could notberuled out as an additional contributing factor to the hyperhidrosis.
Local anticholinergic therapy was found to besuccessful in the treatment of all 3 patients.     

尿素支原体所致生殖泌尿道疾病的实验研究

本文从447例NGU(中段尿)、慢性前列腺炎(前列腺液)和男性不育者(精液)中分离UU,其中NGU199例,68例为阳性(34.67%)、慢性前列腺炎159例,33例为阳性(20.7%),男性不育夫妇89例,54例为阳性(60.6%)。在光镜下,UU菌落呈“油煎蛋”状。扫描电镜下,菌体呈卵圆形或球形,直径0.3～0.5μm。临床治疗观察到,大多数阳性患者经四环素、红霉素或强力霉素7～14天治疗后,症状消失,培养转阴、作者认为UU感染可能是NGU,慢性前列膜炎、男性不育的原因之一,应列为常规实验室检查。     

Chilblain lupus erythematosus (Hutchinson) A CLINICAL AND LABORATORY STUDY OF 17 PATIENTS

Chilblain lupus erythematosus (LE) is a chronic unremitting form of LE seen predominantly in women. It occurs commonly on the digits, calves and heels. Nasal lesions are rare. Chronic facial discoid LE usually appears before the chilblain form but, in most instances, resolves even though the chilblain lesions persist. Transformation to systemic LE occurs more often in those who develop both forms of cutaneous LE simultaneously and in the erythema multiforme syndrome. The chilblain lesions are the result of microvascular injury secondary to exposure to cold and possibly hyperviscosity from immunological abnormalities. Elevated serum gammaglobulins, positive latex factor and speckled pattern antinuclear factor are common. None of the usual treatments for cutaneous LE is effective for the chilblain lesions, probably because none is directed towards prevention and treatment of the microvascular stasis.     

A QUANTITATIVE EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF ONYTERACYCLINE AND DOXYCYCLINE IN ACNE VULGARIS

SUMMARY.— A double-blind cross over study on the effect of oxytetracycline and doxycycline in acne vulgaris was performed on 28 patients. The acne lesions were classified in different grades of severity and counted. In this way a reasonably precise assessment of the clinical picture could be obtained. After 4 weeks of treatment with either 750 mg. of oxytetracycline or 100 mg. of doxycycline daily, the severity of the disease was reduced to about 55% of the initial values. After reduction of the dose to one-third of the initial dose, a relapse was noted in 8 patients, 6 of whom had been treated with 100 mg- of doxycycline every third day. On average, improvement continued during the 12 weeks of treatment. At this time the "total acne load" was reduced to 19–31% of the initial values (corresponding to 28–39% of the total number of lesions). No definite side effects were noted.