第3例中国数字化可视人体数据集报告

目的　建立更为细致的中国数字化可视人体数据集。方法　选择经肉眼观察、CT和MRI检查无器质性病变的中等身材、青年男性人体标本 1例 ,经外形测量、血管灌注后 ,用 5 %明胶包埋 ,置入 -3 0℃冰库中冰冻 1周 ,然后在 -2 5℃低温实验室中用TK 63 5 0型数控铣床 (铣切精度为 0 .0 0 1mm)从头至足逐层铣切。逐层用高清晰度数码相机摄影 ,完成人体模型数据获取 ,得到人体结构数据集。结果　所选用标本为男性 ,2 1岁 ,身高 182 0mm ,体质量 66kg ,非器质性疾病死亡。CT扫描层厚 :头颈部为 1.0mm ,其他部位为 2 .0mm。MRI扫描层厚头颈部为 1.5mm ,其他部位为 3 .0mm。连续横断面层厚 :全身均为 0 .1mm ,全身共计 183 98个断面。数字化摄影分辨率为 10 9890 5 6( 4 0 64× 2 70 4)像素 ,每个断面图像文件大小为 62 .9MB ,整个数据集数据量为 115 7.2 3GB。其研究结果同时在国际互联网站发布 ,网址为 :http : www .chi nesevisiblehuman .com 。结论　①经文献检索 ,目前全世界已经报道的可视化人体数据集全身切片最薄为 0 .2mm (本研究组报道的首例中国数字化可视人体颅底部局部切片达到 0 .1mm) ,切片数均为数千个断面 ,断面摄影分辨率均为数百万像素 ,数据量为数十个GB ,或一百多个GB ;本研究完成的数据集全     

中国男性青年人体体段质心位置及测算方法的研究

目的:确定中国男性青年人体体段质心的位置及测算方法,为直接测算中国人体惯性参数提供基础数据.方法:采用CT-图像分析法,对50例中国男性人群(18～23岁)进行全身CT横断层扫描、影像分析和测算.结果:中国男性青年人体各体段相对质心数据较大,质心位置较低,尤其四肢体段.CT-图像分析法的样本相对误差均方根值在2.04%以内.结论:中国青年人体四肢不够发达,四肢各体段中骨骼所占比例较大,表现出四肢各体段密度较高的结构特点和体型体态特征.CT-图像分析法的测算精度高,数据可信.     

中国女性青年人体体段质心位置及测算方法

目的 :确定中国女性青年人体体段质心位置 ,为直接测算中国人体惯性参数提供基础数据。方法 :采用 CT-图像分析法 ,对 5 0例中国女性样本人群 ( 1 8～ 2 3岁 )进行全身 CT横断层扫描、影像分析和测算。结果 :中国女性青年人体各体段相对质心数值较大 ,质心位置较低。CT-图像分析法的样本相对误差均方根值在 1 .34%以内。结论 :中国青年女性人体四肢不够发达 ,四肢各体段中骨骼所占的比例较大 ,表现出四肢各体段密度较高的结构特点。 CT-图像分析法的测算精度高 ,数据可信。     

首例中国数字化可视人体完成

目的　建立中国的数字化可视人体 (Digitizedvisiblehuman)。方法　选择经肉眼观察、CT和MRI检查无器质性病变的中等身材、中年男性人体标本 1例 ,经外形测量、血管灌注后 ,用 5 %明胶包埋 ,置入 -3 0℃盐水池中冰冻 1周 ,然后在 -2 5℃低温实验室中用TK 63 5 0型数控铣床 (铣切精度为 0 .0 0 1mm)从头至足逐层铣切。逐层用高清晰度数码相机摄影 ,完成人体模型数据获取 ,得到人体结构数据集。利用连续断层图像数据 ,在SGI图像工作站上 ,利用本课题组自主开发的三维重建软件包进行人体结构的三维重建和立体显示。结果　所选用标本为男性 ,3 5岁 ,身高 170 0mm ,体重 65kg ,重庆人 ,非器质性疾病死亡。CT扫描层厚 :头颈部为 1.0mm ,其他部位为 2 .0mm。MRI扫描层厚为 1.5mm。连续横断面层厚 :头部和颈部为 0 .5mm ,其中颅底部为 0 .1mm ,其他部位为 1.0mm ,全身共计 2 5 18个断面。数字化摄影分辨率为 62 914 5 6(3 0 72× 2 0 48)像素 ,每个断面图像文件大小为 3 6MB ,整个数据集数据量为 90 .64 8GB。结论　①本文报道的研究结果为首例中国可视化人体 (ChineseVisibleHuman)的正式报道 ,使我国成为第三个拥有本国可视化人体数据集的国家。其研究结果同时在国际互联网站发布 ,网站为 :http : www .chine     

首例中国女性数字化可视人体数据集采集与可视化研究

目的　建立中国女性数字化可视人体 (Chinesedigitizedvisiblehumanfemale)。方法　选择经肉眼观察、CT和MRI检查无器质性病变的中等身材、青年女性人体标本 1例 ,经外形测量、血管灌注后 ,用 5 %明胶包埋 ,置入 -3 0℃冰库中冰冻 1周 ,然后在 -2 5℃低温实验室中用TK 63 5 0型数控铣床 (铣切精度为 0 0 0 1mm)从头至足逐层铣切。逐层用高清晰度数码相机摄影 ,完成人体模型数据获取 ,得到人体结构数据集。利用连续断层图像数据 ,在SGI图像工作站上 ,利用本课题组自主开发的三维重建软件包进行人体结构的三维重建和立体显示。结果　所选用标本为女性 ,2 2岁 ,身高 162 0mm ,体质量 5 4kg ,非器质性疾病死亡。CT扫描层厚 :头颈部为 1 0mm ,其他部位为 2 0mm。MRI扫描层厚头部为 1 5mm ,其余部位为 3 0mm。连续横断面层厚 :头部为 0 2 5mm ,其他部位为 0 5mm ,全身共计 3 64 0个断面。数字化摄影分辨率为 62 914 5 6(3 0 72× 2 0 48)像素 ,每个断面图像文件大小为 3 6MB ,整个数据集数据量为 13 1 0 4GB。结论　①经文献检索和查新 ,仅见美国Colorado大学于 1995年 12月完成了 1例女性人体标本的数据采集。本研究结果增添了新的一例女性可视化人体的数据资料 ,其研究结果同时在国际互联网站发布 ,网     

青岛海港职工高血压现状及其影响因素分析

目的 :探讨海港职工高血压患病现况及其影响因素。方法 :采用国际标准化的心血管病流行病学调查方法 ,调查 10 2 5 6名 18～ 5 4岁青岛港职工 ,男 7795人 ,女 2 461人。结果 :高血压患病率男性 2 6.5 3 % ,女性 10 .3 8% ,均高于 1991年山东省的患病率。男性确诊高血压知晓率、治疗率及控制率分别为 41.2 %、2 2 %及 14 .2 % ;女性分别为61.5 %、47%及 3 0 .0 %。男性吸烟率、饮酒率分别为 65 .9%和 5 8.3 %。体重指数 (BMI)均值男女分别为 2 4.4kg/m2和 2 3 .6kg/m2 ,45～ 5 4岁组男女BMI均值分别为 2 5 .0kg/m2 和 2 5 .3kg/m2 。经多元回归分析示年龄、BMI、腰臀围比值 (WHR)、心率 (HR)、饮酒、高血压家族史与血压均呈显著正相关 ,吸烟与血压呈负相关。BMI对血压影响因素最大。BMI每升高 1个标准差 (男性 3 .2 5kg/m2 ,女性 3 .3 4kg/m2 ) ,收缩压升高男性为 3 .3 8/ 2 .84mmHg、女性 4.2 5 / 3 .0mmHg。舒张压升高男性为 2 .84mmHg ,女性为 3 .0 0mmHg。 结论 :青岛港职工高血压患病率高于山东省平均患者率 ,高血压知晓率、治疗率及控制率男性显著性低于女性。BMI是影响血压的重要因素     

计算中国男性人体环节质心位置的多元回归方程的研究

目的 :确定计算中国男性青年人体惯性参数模型 ,建立直接计算中国男性青年人体各环节质心位置的多元回归方程。方法 :采用 CT-图像分析仪测算法 ,对 5 0例中国男性样本 ( 1 8～2 3岁 )进行体态参数测定、全身 CT横断层扫描、影像分析、测算 ,并进行逐步相关回归分析。结果 :设计了由 1 5个环节组成的中国男性青年人体数学模型 ,并据此推导、建立了以身高、体重及环节长度、宽度、围度等为自变量的直接计算中国男性青年人体质心位置的多元回归方程。结论 :为直接测算中国男性青年人体整体及各环节的质心位置提供了可靠的手段。     

郑州西北郊洼刘两周遗址出土人骨的观测(一)性别、年龄、身高和四肢诸长骨的测量

目的 :获得两周时期人骨性别、年龄、身高和四肢骨长度的数据。方法 :采取观察和测量的方法研究761具人骨的特征。结果 :在 75 2具完整骨架中男性 45 6例 ,占 60 64 % ;女性 2 96例 ,占 3 9 3 6% ;该组人骨未成年 12例占 1 60 % ,青年 47例占 6 2 5 % ,壮年 2 2 5例占 2 9 92 % ,中年 3 0 2例占 40 16% ,老年 166例占2 2 0 7%。男性身高 1 47～ 1 70m ,平均 ( 1 5 8± 5 82 )m ;女性身高 1 3 8～ 1 62m ,平均 ( 1 5 3± 2 0 4)m。对四肢主要长骨作了测量 ,获得了大量数据。结论 :该遗址 761具骨架中 ,男性多于女性。活至老年者仅占2 2 0 7%。该遗址人群身高偏低、四肢骨也相应较短。     

计算中国女性人体环节质心位置多元回归方程的研究

目的 :确定计算中国女性青年人体惯性参数模型 ,建立直接计算中国女性青年人体各环节质量的多元回归方程。方法 :采用 CT-图像分析仪测算法 ,对 5 0例中国女性样本 ( 1 8～ 2 3岁 )进行体态参数测定、全身 CT横断层扫描、影像分析、测算 ,并进行逐步相关回归 ,筛选、确定重要的变量。结果 :设计了由 1 5个环节组成的中国女性青年人体数学模型 ,并据此推导、建立了以身高 ,体重、环节长度、宽度、围度等为自变量的直接计算中国女性青年人体质量的多元回归方程。结论 :为直接测算中国女性青年人体整体及各环节的质量提供了可靠的手段     

51例肺癌的CT诊断

本文报道了我院 2 0 0 0年 8月至 2 0 0 3年 6月经过 CT、病检、随访证实 5 1例原发性肺癌的 CT诊断。资料表明 :5 1例肺癌中男性 33例、女性 18例 ,性别比 183.3:10 0 ,年龄最大 87岁 ,最小 32岁 ,5 0岁以上 38例占 74 .6 % ;中央型肺癌 2 7例占 5 2 .9% ,周围型肺癌 2 4例占 4 7.1% ;周围型肺癌中细支气管肺泡癌 6例占 2 5 % ,肺上沟癌 3例占12 .5 %。CT表现 :中央型肠癌直接征象为肺门肿块占 10 0 % ,支气管改变占 5 5 .6 %。间接征象主要为支气管阻塞征 ,即“三阻征”占 6 3%。周围型肺癌 CT征象有分叶征占 6 6 .7% ,棘状突起占 4 1.7% ,毛刺征占 2 5 % ,空泡征 2 9.2 %。坏死、空洞、胸膜凹陷 ,毗邻血管气管变化 ,均具有特征性。提示 :周围型肺癌中细支气管肺泡癌不具有特征性易误诊。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.