Using CDC's health-related quality of life scale on a college campus

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the performance of the US Centers for Disease Control's health-related quality of life (HRQOL) scale among 522 college students. METHODS: Chi-square analysis assessed scale construct validity and analysis of variance (ANOVA) with selected tobacco, alcohol, and substance use variables assessed known-groups validity of the scale's Healthy Days index. RESULTS: Patterns of association among scale items were consistent with those hypothesized. ANOVA analyses revealed significant (P<.05) associations between the Healthy Days index and selected variables in predicted directions. CONCLUSIONS: Preliminary evidence is provided that the HRQOL scale could serve as part of program evaluation, intervention, and surveillance efforts among college students.     

大学生亚健康症状自评量表信度、效度检验

目的对自编的《大学生亚健康症状自评量表》的信度、效度进行分析。方法采用多阶段整群抽样的方法抽取长沙市在校大学生1200名,运用《大学生亚健康症状自评量表》进行问卷调查,回收有效问卷1143份。计算内部一致性信度系数、分半信度系数;14天后抽取其中111人进行重测,计算重测相关系数;同时对112人运用症状自评量表(SCL-90)进行自我评定,对亚健康量表的效标关联度进行评价。结果量表的Cronbach'sα系数为0.946、重测相关系数为0.701,以症状自评量表(SCL-90)作为效标,效标关联度为0.875,不同性别以及亚健康人群和健康人群亚健康症状评分差异有统计学意义。结论《大学生亚健康症状自评量表》有较好的信度和效度,可信、有效、敏感,可以作为大学生亚健康状态的测评工具。     

军队离退休干部保健对象医疗需求问卷信度和效度研究

目的研究基于顾客价值理论设计的＂军队离退休干部保健对象医疗需求调查问卷＂的信度和效度。方法随机抽取200名对象进行调查,信度包括重测信度、评定者间信度和内部一致性信度,效度包括内容效度、结构效度和效标关联效度。结果问卷的重测信度、评定者间信度良好,全卷折半信度为0.8834,克伦巴赫阿尔法系数0.9205,具有良好的内容效度,结构效度理想,效标效度满意。结论问卷信度良好,效度理想,值得推广应用。     

COOP Charts in French: translation and preliminary data on instrument properties

This paper describes the procedure used to translate the COOP Charts into French and provides preliminary information on the instrument's acceptability, reliability and validity. The charts were translated in several steps: seven initial translations were combined into a first pilot version, which was then tested for acceptability, clarity and alternate wordings in two convenience samples taken from the general population (n=53). The modified version was then reviewed by a lay panel and another translator and submitted by mail to 209 congress participants to test several construct validity hypotheses through known-groups comparisons. A panel of public health professionals discussed the content validity of the charts. Finally, test-retest reliability and concurrent validity with SF-36 Health Survey scores were examined among 65 patients with end-stage renal disease. The translation process identified a wide variability in translation options for several items. The acceptability of the charts was excellent. The test-retest correlations ranged from 0.60 to 0.87. Content validity appeared to be appropriate, except for the chart on social support, which combines the questions of need and availability of social support. The utility of illustrations was questioned by some respondents: many claimed not to have used the illustrations in selecting their response, while others found them to be not expressive enough. Most preliminary tests of construct validity were consistent with theory. This French translation of the COOP Charts appears to be ready for more extensive testing in the intended target population of ambulatory patients.     

大学生印象管理效能感量表编制

目的 编制大学生印象管理效能感量表（Impression Management Efficacy Scale, IMES）。方法 在参考已有文献、开放式问卷调查和专家意见的基础上，以大学生为被试，共发放问卷1379份，通过项目分析、探索性因素分析及信效度分析，最终编制出大学生印象管理效能感量表。结果 ① 探索性因素分析发现，大学生印象管理效能感量表由保护策略效能感量表(Defensive Strategy Efficacy Scale, DSES)、交流表达效能感量表(Communication Efficacy Scale, CES)和姿态呈现效能感量表(Appearance Posture Efficacy Scale, APES)3个维度共20个项目组成，累计方差贡献率为56.79％；② 验证性因素分析表明，量表模型拟合良好(〖XC小五号.EPS;P〗/df＝4.39, CFI＝0.93, TLI＝0.92, RMSEA＝0.07)。同时，量表组合信度为0.97，平均方差抽取量为0.56；③ 信度检验发现，总量表及其各维度Cronbach α系数均在0.87以上，分半信度均在0.83以上，重测信度均在0.67以上。结论 印象管理效能感量表具有较好的信效度，可用于大学生印象管理效能的测量。     

《大学生预防艾滋病知识与能力》调查问卷信度与效度分析

目的评价自行设计《大学生预防艾滋病知识与能力》调查问卷的信度和效度。方法随机选择天津外国语学院205名大学生作为调查对象,并对同一人群进行2次问卷调查,计算该问卷的内部一致性、重测信度和结构效度。结果该问卷的6个模块中,大部分模块Cronbach’s系数>0.6,70%的题目重测一致率在0.7或Spearman等级相关系数>0.4。结构效度较好,11个公因子可解释问卷全部内容的60%。结论该问卷的信度和效度较好,可用于评价大学生预防艾滋病知识与能力水平。     

死亡态度描绘量表应用于中国大学生的信效度分析

目的  评价死亡态度描绘量表(修订)(death attitude profile-revised, DAP-R)中文版应用于中国大学生群体的死亡态度测量的信度和效度。 方法  利用中文版DAP-R量表对合肥7所高校561名在校大学生进行调查。采用Cronbach'sα系数和Spearman-Brown折半系数评价量表信度, 通过计算各条目与所在维度、维度与量表总分的Pearson相关系数评价内容效度, 运用Kaiser正常化最优斜交主成分因子分析评价结构效度。 结果  中文版DAP-R量表Cronbach'sα系数为0.868, Spearman-Brown折半系数为0.835。各条目与所在维度Pearson相关系数为0.554~0.828(均有P < 0.001);除自然接受, 余下4个维度与总分的Pearson相关系数为0.630~0.792(均有P < 0.001)。因子分析提取5个因子, 且所有条目归类的因子与DAP-R量表原所属维度一致, 累计方差贡献率达55.906%。 结论  DAP-R中文版量表应用于中国大学生具有较好的信、效度。     

The measurement of threat orientations

OBJECTIVE: To develop measures of 3 threat orientations that affect responses to health behavior messages. METHOD: In Study 1, college students (N = 47) completed items assessing threat orientations and health behaviors. In Study 2, college students and community adults (N = 110) completed the threat orientation items and measures of convergent and discriminant validity. RESULTS: In Study 1, the control-based, denial-based, and heightened-sensitivity-based threat orientation scales demonstrated good internal consistency and correlated with engagement in health behaviors. In Study 2, the convergent and discriminant validity of the 3 measures was established. CONCLUSION: The 3 scales have good internal reliability and construct validity.     

健康评估课程客观结构化临床考试信度和效度评价

目的 探讨健康评估课程客观结构化临床考试（OSCE）的信度与效度。方法 在广州医科大学护理学院2012与2013届护理本科生健康评估教学评价中引入OSCE考核模式,采用Cronbach′s α、重测信度、内容效度、结构效度、校标效度评价其信度与效度,并对OSCE考核站点的难度与区分度进行评价。结果 OSCE考核站点总Cronbach′s α系数为0.793,重测信度系数为0.727。OSCE考核内容效度指数为0.872,两届学生考核站点总分与理论成绩相关系数分别为0.781、0.803。探索性因子分析提取了3个公因子,解释了总变异的63.420%,验证性分析证实该结构模型合理,符合理论假设。OSCE各站点的难度系数在0.221~0.702之间,区分度在0.171~0.390之间。结论 健康评估课程OSCE考试具有较好的信度与效度,适用于综合评价护理本科生的临床评估能力。     

大学生心理咨询倾向性问卷的编制

目的编制大学生心理咨询倾向性问卷。方法在查阅文献和前期访谈基础上编制问卷。进行3次大一学生的整群抽样,第一次调查315名大一学生用于初步项目分析和因素探索;第二次调查584名大一学生用于探索性因素分析和问卷信、效度检测;第三次调查101名大一学生用于验证性因素分析,以专业心理求助态度量表为效标,并进行重测。结果大学生心理咨询倾向性问卷共19个题目,包括心理咨询偏见、心理咨询信任、非专业心理求助途径、心理咨询污名4个因子。验证性因素分析表明所得模型拟合度可接受(χ2/df =2.677,GFI=0.932,AGFI=0.912,CFI=0.916,NFI=0.874,RMSEA=0.054)。总问卷内部一致性系数总量表为0.878,各因子α为0.685~0.845;总量表重测信度为0.885,4个因子重测信度为0.693~0.836。结论本研究编制的问卷具有较好的信度和效度,可用于评估大学生心理咨询倾向性。     

Evaluation of the Healthy Eating Index-2015

Background

The Healthy Eating Index (HEI), a diet quality index that measures alignment with the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, was updated with the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans.

Development and validation of a modified quality of life questionnaire for patients treated by antireflux surgery

INTRODUCTION: Past decade witnessed a growing interest in scientific medical publications on health related quality of life (HRQoL), which has yielded an increasing number of generic and disease-specific instruments. To date, several studies have evaluated the impact of GERD on HRQoL. AIMS: To develop a QoL questionnaire for patients with GERD underwent laparoscopic fundoplication (LF). This questionnaire was developed to be more comprehensive than existing measures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We undertook a retrospective analysis of 116 patients underwent laparoscopic fundoplication for GERD between 1994 and 2002 in the 1st Department of Surgery, Semmelweis University. These patients--included 55 men and 61 women, with mean age of 46 years (14-77)--were used in the psychometric evaluation. Our questionnaire was developed using internationally accepted, valid QoL instruments and scales. RESULTS: Internal-consistency reliability was high (alpha value overall 0.95; dimensions 0.74-0.96). Using convergent and divergent validity, construct validity was evaluated by examining Pearson correlation coefficients between items and scales. Construct validity was demonstrated based on observed correlations. Known-groups validity of questionnaire is proved to. CONCLUSIONS: Our questionnaire is a short and user-friendly instrument. It has excellent reliability, construct and known-groups validity.     

Psychometric and factor analytic evaluation of the 15D health-related quality of life instrument: the case of Greece

Purpose

To investigate the dimensionality, construct validity in the form of factorial, convergent, discriminant, and known-groups validity, as well as scale reliability of the fifteen dimensional (15D) instrument.

Methods

15D data were collected from a large Greek general population sample (N = 3,268) which was randomly split into two halves. Data from the first sample were used to examine the distributional properties of the 15 items, as well as the factor structure adopting an exploratory approach. Data from the second sample were used to perform a confirmatory factor analysis of the 15 items, examine the goodness of fit of several measurement models, and evaluate reliability and known-groups validity of the resulting subscales, along with convergent and discriminant validity of the constructs.

Results

Exploratory factor analysis, using a distribution-free method, revealed a three-factor solution of the 15D (functional ability, physiological needs satisfaction, emotional well-being). Confirmatory factor analysis provided support for the three-factor solution but suggested that certain modifications should be made to this solution, involving freeing certain elements of the matrix of factor loadings and of the covariance matrix of measurement errors in the observed variables. Evidence of convergent validity was provided for all three factors, but discriminant validity was supported only for the emotional well-being construct. Scale reliability and known-groups validity of the resulting three subscales were satisfactory.

Conclusions

Our results confirm the multidimensional structure of the 15D and the existence of three latent factors that cover important aspects of the health-related quality of life domain (physical and emotional functioning). The implications of our results for the validity of the 15D and suggestions for future research are outlined.     

Construct validity and reliability of the College Oriented Eating Disorders Screen (COEDS)

The College Oriented Eating Disorders Screen [COEDS; Nowak, J.A., Roberson-Nay, R., Strong, D.R., Bucceri, J. and Lejuez, C.W. (2003). Using item response theory in the development and validation of the College-Oriented Eating Disorders Screen. Eating Behaviors, 4, 345-361] was created for the purpose of identifying college students vulnerable to the development of an eating disorder. In a previous study, the COEDS was developed and tested among a college sample based on the continuum model of eating pathology. Following from this initial study, the purpose of the present study was to examine the internal consistency of the final seven-item version as well as its one month test-retest reliability and construct validity. Results indicated that the COEDS performed well when administered in its brief 7-item final format, yielding high internal consistency. Strong test-retest reliability also was observed. Finally, the COEDS demonstrated sound construct validity, showing statistically significant associations with independent measures of disordered eating beliefs and attitudes, as well as with measures assessing disordered eating behaviors. The results of this study provide further support for the use of the COEDS as a measure targeting college students who possess a vulnerability to development of an eating disorder.     

Assessing Patient Experiences in the Pediatric Patient-Centered Medical Home: A Comparison of Two Instruments

The Patient-Centered Medical Home (PCMH) is a model of care that has been promoted as a way to transform a broken primary care system in the US. However, in order to convince more practices to make the transformation and to properly reimburse practices who are PCMHs, valid and reliable data are needed. Data that capture patient experiences in a PCMH is valuable, but which instrument should be used remains unclear. Our study aims to compare the validity and reliability of two national PCMH instruments. Telephone surveys were conducted with children who receive care from 20 pediatric practices across Florida (n = 990). All of the children are eligible for Medicaid or the Children’s Health Insurance Program. Analyses were conducted to compare the Consumer Assessment of Health Plan Survey–Patient-Centered Medical Home (CAHPS–PCMH) and the National Survey of Children with Special Health Care Needs (NS-CSHCN) medical home domain. Respondents were mainly White non-Hispanic, female, under 35 years old, and from a two-parent household. The NS-CSHCN outperformed the CAHPS–PCMH in regard to scale reliability (Cronbach’s alpha coefficients all ≥0.81 vs. 0.56–0.85, respectively). In regard to item-domain convergence and discriminant validity the CAHPS–PCMH fared better than the NS-CSHCN (range of convergence 0.66–0.93 vs. 0.32–1.00). The CAHPS–PCMH did not correspond to the scale structure in construct validity testing. Neither instrument performed well in the known-groups validity tests. No clear best instrument was determined. Further revision and calibration may be needed to accurately assess patient experiences in the PCMH.     

A Model for Clinical Evaluation

Clinical practice is an integral part of the training of health professionals, yet many evaluation tools presently used in the health sciences to measure clinical competency do not provide satisfactory validity, reliability, nor an appropriate level of standardisation. This study explored the development of a clinical evaluation model using the principles of measurement theory and psychometric methods. The following four step test construction was used: planning; construction; evaluation; standardisation — reliability, validity. This aimed to provide evaluation tools for a population of 827 occupational therapy students. Although this study had particular reference to occupational therapy, the model of clinical evaluation developed could be readily adapted for use with other clinically-based health professional students. Results indicated that the tools developed had reliability, content and construct validity for the population under study.     

Reliability and Validity of the Menopausal Symptom Scale

Menopausal symptom experiences differ by racial/ethnic group. Thus, health care professionals who use instruments to measure menopausal symptoms need to be aware of cultural sensitivities. The purpose of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Menopausal Symptom Scale among Korean women. Data from 229 Korean women between the ages of 40 and 65 years, selected by convenience sampling, were collected during 2010–2011. Psychometric properties were evaluated through content validity and item analysis, construct validity, discriminant validity, criterion-related validity, floor/ceiling effects, and internal consistency reliability. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed four factors explaining 65% of variance in the items. Discriminant validity and the criterion-related validity were supported. No significant floor/ceiling effects were found. Cronbach’s alpha values ranged from 0.90 to 0.95. The Menopausal Symptom Scale developed for Korean menopausal women appeared to be a valid and reliable instrument. It appeared that it measured psychological symptoms more comprehensively and in a culturally-specific or ethnic-specific manner in menopausal women of Asian or traditional cultures. It will be necessary to broaden the scale of research to other ethnic groups and countries to verify the psychometric properties specific to the ethnic group or country.     

我国青少年亚健康多维评定问卷的编制与应用研究

目的编制适合我国青少年亚健康多维评定问卷。方法从躯体亚健康领域（包括躯体活力不足、生理功能减退、抵抗力下降3个维度）和心理亚健康领域（包括情绪问题、品行问题、社会适应困难3个维度）筛选出101个项目，构成初始问卷，运用多种统计学方法进行项目分析，评价信度和效度。结果71个项目组成了“青少年亚健康多维评定问卷”，该问卷的重测相关系数、Cronbach α系数、分半信度系数分别为0．868、0．958、0．942；与SCL-90、CMI问卷的效标关联效度分别为0．636、0．649；因子分析显示该问卷的结构与理论构想一致。大一新生入学1个月与入学4个月之间，高一和高三学生之间，其得分和持续时间大于1个月的项目数均有显著性差异。结论青少年亚健康多维评定问卷具有较好的信度和效度，可以在更大范围推广使用。     

Development of a scale for quality of care management process. A Delphi survey and studies on reliability and validity]

The purpose of this study was to develop a measurement tool for assessing quality in care management and to test its reliability and validity. A Delphi survey was initially administered on 96 experienced community health nurses, to improve the content validity of a questionnaire that was developed after three repeated rounds of data collection and content analysis. A total of 353 community health nurses, from 121 cities and towns across Japan, completed the mailed questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha value was more than 0.8, respectively, for all items in questionnaires, and for each factor, indicating internal consistency in reliability. Five factors were identified through factor analysis using a principal factor method with varimax rotation. These factors were good reflections of components classified by some researchers, indicating construct validity. In addition, care managers were grouped according to such criteria as their age and work experience. The QCM-P (Quality of Care Management-Process Measurement) score of each group was compared, as theoretically differences are expected. The questionnaire's validity was evidenced by significant differences in the QCM-P score among each group. Further studies on criterion-related validity and stability which relates to reliability are required. Thus, although further work is needed, QCM-P was found to have both reliability and validity at a permissible level as a scale for measuring the quality of care management process.