表面肌电生物反馈对急性脑梗死偏瘫患者下肢功能恢复作用观察

目的分析表面肌电生物反馈疗法对急性脑梗死(ACI)偏瘫患者下肢功能恢复的作用。方法选取ACI偏瘫患者60例,随机分为对照组及治疗组,其中对照组30例,治疗组30例。对照组患者给予神经内科常规药物治疗及常规康复治疗,治疗组在对照组治疗基础上加用表面肌电生物反馈治疗,于治疗前及治疗后4w分别进行简化Fugl-Meyer下肢运动功能评分、Fugl-Meyer平衡量表评分及日常生活能力的Barthel评分。结果两组患者于治疗前各项评分差异无统计学意义,经治疗4w后两组患者的各项评分均有所改善(P<0.05),且治疗组优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论应用表面肌电生物反馈治疗能有效改善ACI偏瘫患者的下肢运动功能,促进偏瘫患者肢体功能恢复,提高患者的生活自理能力。     

肌电生物反馈诱发脑卒中偏瘫患者下肢踝背屈的疗效观察

目的 评价肌电生物反馈(EMG-BFB)治疗技术对早期脑卒中偏瘫患者下肢运动功能改善的效果.方法 将满足入选标准的78例脑卒中偏瘫患者随机分为EMG-BFB治疗组(42例)和对照组(36例).治疗组在常规康复治疗基础上加用EMG-BFB 治疗,1次/d,每周5次,连续治疗6周,共计30次.经专人对所有患者治疗前后肌电信号、肌力、踝背屈角度以及下肢运动功能(Fugl-Meyer量表) 进行评定.结果 EMG-BFB组在踝背屈角度和下肢Fugl-Meyer量表评分均优于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 EMG-BFB治疗对改善脑卒中患者偏瘫下肢运动功能较单独使用常规康复治疗效果更好.     

肌电生物反馈联合任务导向性训练对偏瘫上肢功能障碍患者的影响

目的 探讨偏瘫上肢功能障碍患者应用肌电生物反馈与任务导向性训练联合方案对上肢日常生活活动能力、神经功能、训练满意度的影响。方法 选取郑州人民医院神经内科2017-03—2018-05治疗的脑卒中后偏瘫患者40例,采用数字表抽取法随机分组,分别应用常规康复方案(对照组,n=20)与肌电生物反馈、任务导向性训练联合康复方案(观察组,n=20),并对其治疗前后的上肢日常生活活动能力(EMG、FMA、MBI评分)、神经功能(NIHSS评分)、训练满意度展开对比。结果 康复治疗前上肢日常生活活动能力即EMG、FMA、MBI各维度评估值差异无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后经评定均高于治疗前,且观察组各项指标均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。2组治疗前NIHSS评分差异无统计学意义(P0.05),治疗后均低于治疗前,且观察组评估分值低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组训练满意度为95%,对照组为75%,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 肌电生物反馈与任务导向性训练联合方案治疗偏瘫上肢功能障碍患者,可有效改善上肢日常生活活动能力,促进神经功能缺损恢复,且明显提高了训练满意度。     

早期介入运动想象疗法对急性脑卒中偏瘫患者下肢运动功能及日常生活活动能力的影响

目的探讨早期介入运动想象疗法对急性脑卒中偏瘫患者下肢运动功能和日常生活活动能力的影响。方法将67例急性脑卒中偏瘫患者随机分为运动疗法组(34例)、对照组(33例)。对照组采用常规西药和基础康复治疗,运动疗法组在此基础上采用运动想象疗法进行早期干预。分别于入组时,治疗后2、4、8周以及90 d,采用简化的Fugl-Meyer运动量表(FMA)和改良Barthel指数量表(MBI)评定患者的下肢运动功能和日常生活活动能力。结果两组治疗前下肢FMA及MBI评分差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。至第8周,两组患者下肢FMA及MBI评分呈增高趋势,各时间点差异有统计学意义(均P0.05),两组患者第90 d与第8周差异无统计学意义(均P0.05)。运动疗法组第2、4、8周及第90 d的下肢FMA及MBI评分均高于对照组(均P0.05)。结论在常规康复治疗基础上,早期介入运动想象训练可显著促进急性脑卒中偏瘫患者下肢运动功能和日常生活活动能力的恢复。     

精神疗法联合运动疗法在脑卒中偏瘫患者恢复期的运用

目的研究精神疗法联合运动疗法在脑卒中偏瘫患者恢复期的运用效果。方法选择2015年10月至2016年月2月期间收治入院的脑卒中偏瘫患者患者82例,按照入院ID号随机平均分为对照组与观察组,对照组采用常规康复训练,观察组在对照组基础上采用精神疗法联合运动疗法。比较患者康复训练后步行功能、平衡功能、下肢运动功能改善情况。结果两组患者治疗前的步行功能、平衡功能、下肢运动功能和生活质量的评估组间比较,差异不明显(P0.05)。治疗后两组患者的步行功能、平衡功能、下肢运动功能较级生活质量评估治疗前均有改善(P0.05);而且观察组患者的上述功能指标评分均显著优于对照组患者,存在统计学差异(P0.05。结论在脑卒中偏瘫患者恢复期运用精神疗法联合运动疗法进行康复训练可更显著改善患者预后情况,提高患者生活质量,可在临床治疗中推广应用。     

重复经颅磁刺激联合生物反馈对脑卒中上肢运动功能的康复评价

目的探讨重复经颅磁刺激(rTMS)联合生物反馈对脑卒中患者上肢运动功能的康复效果。方法选取脑卒中患者120例,随机分为观察组和对照组各60例,2组患者均给予常规药物及康复治疗,观察组在常规康复的基础上给予rTMS和生物反馈治疗。颅磁刺激联合生物治疗前应用加拿大功能神经功能量表(CNS)、Fugl-Meyer运动功能量表(FMA)和改良Barthel指数(MBI)对2组患者的上肢运动功能以及日常生活活动能力进行评定;经4周治疗后再进行效果评价。结果治疗后4周观察组CNS、MBI、FMA评分均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 rTMS联合生物反馈康复训练可改善脑卒中患者的上肢运动功能,有效地提高患者的生活质量。     

镜像疗法联合康复训练对缺血性脑卒中偏瘫患者上肢功能的影响

目的探讨镜像疗法联合康复训练对缺血性脑卒中偏瘫患者上肢功能的影响。方法选取60例缺血性脑卒中上肢功能障碍的偏瘫患者,随机分为对照组29例行常规综合康复治疗,实验组31例为镜像疗法联合常规康复训练。采用Fugl-Meyer运动功能评价量表(Fugl-Meyer assessment,FMA)、Wolf运动功能评价量表(Wolf motor function test,WMFT)和改良Barthel指数(modified Barthel indext,MBI)评分对上肢和手的运动功能及日常生活能力进行评价。结果与对照组同期相比,治疗1个月和治疗2个月实验组FMA评分较对照组提高(P0.05),治疗2个月实验组WMFT评分较对照组提高(P0.05)。与治疗前相比,治疗1个月和2个月时实验组上肢MBI评分提高(P0.05);与同期对照组比较,治疗2个月时实验组MBI评分显著提高(P0.05)。结论镜像疗法联合康复训练有助于缺血性脑卒中偏瘫患者上肢运动功能的恢复,改善患者的日常生活能力,可作为缺血性脑卒中后上肢功能康复的一种治疗手段。     

脑卒中下肢瘫痪病人踏车运动疗法临床分析

目的 探讨踏车运动治疗对脑卒中偏瘫引起下肢瘫痪的影响.方法 对40例脑卒中伴下肢偏瘫患者分成治疗组和对照组,分别进行踏车运动机械辅助训练与常规康复训练,同时接受相同的常规药物治疗.应用简式Fugl-Meyer(FMA)评分法和功能性步行量表(FAC)对比评分.结果 治疗组训练前后两组FMA评分及FAC评分比较有显著性提高,比对照组明显提高,有显著性差异.结论 踏车运动治疗促进脑卒中偏瘫肢体运动功能恢复及提高日常生活能力方面显著优于常规运动康复,对脑卒中急性期下肢瘫痪治疗是有效和可行的.     

下肢康复机器人训练对脑卒中偏瘫患者下肢运动功能的康复作用

目的探讨下肢康复机器人训练对脑卒中偏瘫患者下肢运动功能的康复作用。方法共60例发病6个月的脑卒中偏瘫患者随机接受常规康复训练联合减重步行训练(BWSTT组,30例)或常规康复训练联合下肢康复机器人训练(Robot组,30例),分别于训练前和训练8周时采用Fugl-Meyer下肢评价量表(FMA-LE)评价下肢运动功能、Berg平衡量表(BBS)评价平衡功能、下肢康复机器人力矩反馈系统评价下肢肌力。结果与训练前相比,两组患者训练8周时FMA-LE(P=0.000)和BBS(P=0.000)评分、步态周期中患侧髋关节(P=0.000)和膝关节(P=0.000)反馈力矩值均增加;与BWSTT组相比,训练8周时Robot组仅步态周期中患侧髋关节(P=0.000)和膝关节(P=0.000)反馈力矩值增加。结论常规康复训练联合减重步行训练和下肢康复机器人训练均可以改善脑卒中偏瘫患者下肢运动功能,下肢康复机器人训练在提高下肢肌力方面优于减重步行训练。     

综合性康复训练联合心理干预对脑梗塞偏瘫患者负性情绪及日常生活能力和运动功能的影响

目的探讨综合性康复训练结合心理干预对脑梗塞后偏瘫患者的负性情绪,日常生活活动能力及运动功能的影响。方法选取2015年12月～2016年12月期间在我院接受治疗的78例脑梗塞后肢体偏瘫患者作为研究对象,随机分为观察组和对照组,各39例。对照组予以常规的药物治疗及康复训练;观察组在对照组基础上予以综合性康复训练及心理干预。分别对两组患者的治疗前、治疗3周和治疗8周后的汉密尔抑郁量表(HAMD-17)、Fugl-Meyer运动功能量表评分(FMA)、改良Barthel指数评分(MBI)进行比较。结果治疗前,两组患者的HAMD-17、FMA和MBI评分差异无统计学意义(P0.05),治疗后两组患者上述指标均较治疗前改善,且经治疗3周和8周后观察组的HAMD-17评分、MBI评分和FMA显著优于对照组(P0.05)。结论在常规治疗及康复训练的基础上,实施综合性康复训练结合心理干预可以更有效改善脑梗塞后偏瘫患者的抑郁情绪,促进患者的肢体运动功能和日常生活活动能力的恢复。     

Satisfaction with quality of life varies with temperament types of patients with schizophrenia

We sought to explore the relationships of three temperament factors with domain-specific subjective quality of life (QOL) of patients with schizophrenia. Ninety patients with schizophrenia were evaluated using the Quality of Life Enjoyment and Life Satisfaction Questionnaire, the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire, the Positive and Negative Syndromes Scale, the Distress Scale for Adverse Symptoms, the Insight and Treatment Attitudes Questionnaire, the Insight Self-Report Scale, and standardized questionnaires for self-reported emotional distress and stress process-related variables. Predictors of domain-specific QOL were identified using multiple regression techniques. Temperament factors explain 6% to 16% of variability in QOL domain scores among patients with schizophrenia after controlling for the remaining variables (emotional distress, social support, self-esteem, avoidance coping, age, side effects, and depression). We found that higher levels of novelty seeking are associated with better general QOL, physical health, and more positive subjective feelings, whereas higher levels of reward dependence are related to better satisfaction from social relationships. Higher levels of harm avoidance are associated with poorer satisfaction with general activities, and medication. Thus, temperament factors, as assessed by the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire, substantially influence satisfaction with life quality in schizophrenia. Novelty seeking, reward dependence, and harm avoidance are associated with different domains of QOL.     

Treatment of patients with tardive dystonia with olanzapine

Tardive dystonia represents a complication of long-term use of neuroleptics and its treatment is often unsatisfactory. Atypical neuroleptics appear to improve tardive dystonia, and cases of tardive dystonia successfully managed with clozapine have been reported. The aim of this open-label video-blinded study was to evaluate the antidystonic efficacy of olanzapine, a new atypical neuroleptic with a low risk of agranulocytosis, in a group of four patients (one man and three women) with tardive cervical dystonia. They developed severe dystonia after several years of neuroleptic treatment. Extensive laboratory evaluations, as well as neurophysiologic and neuroradiologic investigations, were negative. Olanzapine was started at a dose of 5 mg/d and increased up to 7.5 mg/d. All patients were evaluated at baseline and after 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks of treatment, using the Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale, and videotaped. At the end of the trial, the videotapes were reviewed and scored by a blind observer. A self-rating visual analog scale completed the disability evaluation.A moderate to marked improvement in dystonia was observed in all patients, and significant differences were observed in Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale scores and videotape ratings after 8 and 12 weeks of treatment compared with the basal values (p < 0.05). The average percentage of improvement in Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale score and visual analog scale was 26.4% and 42.6%, respectively. No serious side effects were reported at the maximum dosage reached (7.5 mg/d). This study warrants a larger controlled study to conclusively demonstrate the efficacy of olanzapine in tardive dystonia.     

Compliance with health regimens of adolescents with epilepsy

The purpose of this paper was to describe the compliance of adolescents with epilepsy and some factors connected to it. Altogether 300 individuals with epilepsy aged 13-17 years were randomly selected from the Finnish Social Insurance Institution's register. Every fifth person on the list was included in the sample. Seventy-seven per cent (n= 232) of the selected adolescents with epilepsy returned a questionnaire sent to them relating to compliance. The data were analysed using the SPSS software. Twenty-two per cent of the adolescents with epilepsy felt that they complied fully with their suggested health regimens, while 44% placed themselves in the category of "satisfactory compliance", and the remaining 34% reported poor compliance. Compliance with their recommended life-style was poorest, while the highest degree of compliance was recorded for medication. Background variables, such as the duration of the disease, exercise, smoking, alcohol-intake and the number of seizures, were statistically significantly related to compliance (P< 0.001). Good motivation, a strong sense of normality, experience of results, subjective outcome, energy and will-power, support from parents, physicians and nurses, and a positive attitude towards to the disease and its treatment, no threat to social and emotional well-being and no fears of complications and no fear of seizures explained good compliance (P< 0.001).     

血管内栓塞治疗未破裂脑动静脉畸形并发癫痫患者的预后分析

目的分析血管内栓塞治疗未破裂脑动静脉畸形(CAVM)并发癫痫患者的预后情况。方法选择2013年3月至2017年6月收治的符合诊断标准的CAVM并发癫痫发作患者49例为研究对象,分析血管内栓塞治疗后患者的临床症状、生活质量(QOLIE-31)改善情况。结果患者经血管内栓塞治疗后,QOLIE-31各项指标(除了药物影响)评分均明显提高,高于治疗前(P0.05);Spetzler-Martin分级与Engel分级的I~II级例数多于治疗前(P0.05),同时Spetzler-Martin分级I~II级生活质量评分(76.04±18.33)分明显高于III~V级的(65.65±16.76)分(P0.05);Engel分级I~II级的生活质量评分(75.25±17.78)分明显高于III~V级的(66.23±13.22)分(P0.05);血管内栓塞比例80%的生活质量总评分(78.37±18.87)分明显高于栓塞比例80%的(64.16±16.92)分(P0.05);术后患者的头疼症状中重度例数明显低于治疗前(P0.01);患者的NIHSS评分和MRS评分均明显低于治疗前,头疼症状的生活质量评分高于治疗前(均P0.05)。结论血管内栓塞能明显改善未破裂脑动静脉畸形并发癫痫患者的头疼症状、癫痫发作情况、神经功能缺损,提高血管内栓塞比例能够提高患者生活质量。