食管电生理诊断阵发性室上性心动过速

目的探讨食管电生理诊断阵发性室上性心动过速(paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia,PSVT)及分型的准确性。方法收集经食管电生理和心内电生理检查并行射频消融治疗的PSVT42例,将两种电生理对PSVT的诊断及分型进行比较,用X2检验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果两种电生理检查诊断房室结双径路、慢快型房室结折返性心动过速、常见的顺向型房室折返性心动过速差异无显著性,食管电生理对房室旁路的粗略定位准确性较高,但对快慢型房室结折返性心动过速、慢房室旁路参予的房室折返性心动过速与房性心动过速不易辨别。结论食管电生理诊断常见类型的PSVT与心内电生理有相似的价值,且具有无创、简便、费用低等优点;但对不常见或复杂的PSVT不易辨别。     

经食管心房调搏对不同类型房室结折返性心动过速的诊断价值

目的:探讨经食管心房调搏对不同类型房室结折返性心动过速诊断的准确性。方法:收集近5个月经心内电生理检查（标准诊断）确诊为房室结折返性心动过速（AVNRT）196例，与其食管调搏的诊断进行比较。结果:两种电生理检查诊断慢-快型AVNRT符合率100%，但食管电生理检查对快-慢型AVNRT及慢-慢型AVNRT与起源于心房下部靠间隔的房速不易鉴别。结论:经食管心脏电生理检查对慢-快型AVNRT具确诊价值。对快-慢型或慢-慢型AVNRT容易误诊为房速。     

慢快型房室结折返性心动过速的诱发及终止方式

慢快型房室结折返性心动过速（AVNRT）是阵发性室上性心动过速的另一常见类型，有时在体表心电图不易与顺向性房室折返性心动过速（AVRT）鉴别。了解慢快型AVNRT的诱发和终止方式及其电生理特征，在与AVRT的诊断及鉴别诊断方面有着重要的临床意义。     

隐匿性预激旁路合并房室结双径路的两种折返性心动过速

<正> 隐匿性预激旁路参与的房室折返性心动过速(AVRT)及房室结双径(DP)引起的折返性心动过速(AVNRT)是室上性心动过速(SVT)的两种最常见类型。本文报道1例经无创性电生理检查诊断为AVRT合并AVNRT的罕见病例。资料及方法患者男性,29岁。反复发作性心悸1年余,既往发作时心电图检查曾诊断为SVT。     

食管心房调搏对室上性心动过速诊断的准确性评价

评价食管电生理检查对室上性心动过速诊断的准确性。方法 比较102例室上性心动过速经心内和食管电生理检查的结果。结果 102例室上性心动过速101例分型诊断一致：房室折返性心运过速（AVRT）58例,房室结折返性心运过速（AVNRT）37例,房内折返性心动过速（IART）5例,窦房结折返性心动过速（SART）1例,房性自律性心动过速（AAT）1例。6例房性心动过速（IART5例,AAT1例）起源于右房还是左房和57例房室折返性心动过速的旁路位于右侧还是左侧,两种检查结果完全一致。结论 食管心房调搏对室上性心动过速的分型诊断和初步定位诊断具有很高的准确性,这对选择射频消融术病例和简化消融术程序具有重要意义。     

经食管心脏电生理检查误诊房室折返性心动过速的不典型房室结折返性心动过速的特点及分析

目的探讨食管电生理检查中被误诊为房室折返性心动过速的不典型的慢快型房室结折返性心动过速的特点。方法回顾性分析5例误诊为房室折返性心动过速患者的食管电生理及心内电生理资料。结果 5例患者在食管电生理检查S1S2程控期前刺激中,均未观察到S2-R间期有跳跃性延长,心动过速的R-P-EB间期70ms;逆行P-波在V1导联直立,下壁导联倒置;食管电生理诊断为左后间隔隐匿性旁道参与的房室折返性心动过速。心内电生理诊断为慢快型房室结折返性心动过速,并成功消融慢径路。结论部分R-P-EB间期70ms的不典型慢快型房室结折返性心动过速食管电生理特点与后间隔隐匿性旁道参与的房室折返性心动过速类似,必要时需心内电生理检查加以明确。     

房室结双径路与房室旁道并存的室上性心动过速电生理特性及临床意义

经食管心房调搏诊断房室结双径路 (DAVNP)与房室旁道(AP)并存的室上性心动过速 (SVT) 2 5例 ,其中 1例为Kent束“旁观”的房室结折返性心动过速 (AVNRT) ,2 4例均在S2 R跳跃值≥ 60ms诱发SVT ,RPESO3 63 .60± 2 0 .80ms(>70ms)。其常规ECG逆行P波及ST T改变均有别于AVNRT ,慢径前传型AVRT。正确诊断有助于射频消融靶点的选择     

监护模拟V_1导联伪r’波在房室结折返性心动过速中的诊断价值

本文通过对比心内电生理检查证实为慢一快型房室结折返性心动过速（S—F型AVNRT）68例与房室折返性心动过速（AVRT）32例模拟V1导联的特征发现：56例（82％）模拟V1导联可见伪r’波，模拟伪r’V1诊断AVNRT的敏感性82％、特异性81％、阳性预测值88％。提示监护模拟V1导伪r’v1波可作为AVN-RT的诊断指标之一。     

食管心房调搏在室上速诊断中价值新探讨

目的：评价食管心房调搏对室上性心动过速诊断的准确性。方法：将111例室上速患者心内和食管电生理检查结果进行比较。结果：111例室上性心动过速患者中，经食管心房调搏检查，诊断为房室结内折返性心动过速（AVNRT）41例，准确率91％；诊断为房室折返性心动过速（AVRT）53例，准确率92％；诊断为房性心动过速（AT包括房内折返陛心动过速和房性自律性心动过速）6例，准确率100％；诊断为窦房结折返性心动过速（SART）1例，准确率100％。根据PE-PV1时距判定房速激动起源点以及左右房室旁道位置与心内电生理检查结果基本一致。结论：食管心房调搏在室上速诊断中具有很高的价值。     

房内折返性心动过速并发房室结双径路的食管电生理分析

近年来 ,心脏电生理学研究证明 ,室上性心动过速(SVT)可以由折返激动及心肌异位自律性增强所引起。房内折返性心动过速 (IART)约占 5 %左右 ,而其并发房室结双径路 (DAVNP)或房室结内折返性心动过速 (AVNRT)者更少。现就我院在经食管电生理检查中 ,发现 IART并发 DAVNP者进行临床电生理分析。1　临床资料和方法1.1　临床资料　经食管电生理检查 ,查出 2 19例室上性心动过速 ,其中发现持续性 IART并发 DAVNP者 8例 (占SVT 3.7% )。 8例患者中 ,男 6例 ,女 2例 ,平均年龄 45 .3岁 ;病史 1年～ 2 5年 ,其中 2例有晕厥史 ;临床…     

房室旁道和房室结双径引起的折返性心动过速初次发病年龄和因素分析

探讨房室旁道 (简称房道 )和房室结双径引起的折返性心动过速的初次发病年龄。 15 5例旁道和房室结双径引起的折返性心动过速中 ,房室折返性心动过速 (AVRT) 10 6例、房室结折返性心动过速 (AVNRT) 4 9例。根据年龄和心动过速病程推算初次发病年龄 ,然后比较AVRT和AVNRT、左和右侧旁道并AVRT、显性和隐匿性旁道并AVRT、男性和女性心动过速患者的初发年龄。结果 :AVRT和AVNRT的初发年龄分别为 2 9.9± 12 .85岁和 32 .33±11.84岁 ,组间比较无显著性差异。左、右侧旁道并AVRT、显性和隐匿性AP并AVRT、男性和女性心动过速患者初发年龄比较差异均无显著性 ,均是 30岁左右。结论 :30岁左右是AVRT和AVNRT初次发病的高发年龄段 ,其他年龄段呈散在发病     

食管心房调搏诊断室上性心动过速的临床研究

为探讨食管心房调搏揭示室上性心动过速发生机制的价值和局限性,回顾性分析成功射频导管消融的１３８例隐匿性单房室旁道参与的顺向型房室折返性心动过速和１００例单一类型房室结折返性心动过速的食管心房调搏结果。结果显示：前１３８例中,３例前间隔旁道引起者食管心房调搏均诊断为房室结折返性心动过速余为左右侧其它部位的旁道,诊断正确。后１００例中,５例为慢－慢型,２例为快－慢型,食管心房调搏均诊断为房室折返性心动     

Differentiating atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia from atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia by DeltaHA values during entrainment from the ventricle

BACKGROUND: Differentiating atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) from orthodromic atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia (AVRT) can be difficult. The His bundle and atria are activated sequentially over the AV node during entrainment of AVNRT from the ventricle but simultaneously during supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). They are activated in parallel during entrainment of AVRT but sequentially during SVT. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that a DeltaHA (HA((entrainment)) - HA((SVT))) cutoff value of 0 reliably differentiates AVNRT from AVRT. METHODS AND RESULTS: Of 61 patients undergoing electrophysiologic evaluation for paroxysmal SVT, retrograde His-bundle potentials were recorded in 57 (93%) and entrainment performed in 49 (34 AVNRT, 15 AVRT). DeltaHA values during entrainment from the ventricle were significantly longer during AVNRT than AVRT (31 +/- 24 ms vs -38 +/- 31 ms, P <.001). All DeltaHA values were positive (minimum: 3 ms) for AVNRT and negative (maximum: -2 ms) for AVRT. DeltaHA of 0 had sensitivity, specificity. and positive predictive value of 100% for correct diagnosis. CONCLUSION: The DeltaHA criterion during entrainment of tachycardia from the ventricle reliably differentiates AVNRT (positive values) from AVRT (negative values).     

经食管心房调搏对阵发性室上性心动过速的诊断价值

目的 探讨经食管心房调搏对阵发性室上性心动过速的分型及定位诊断价值。方法 回顾性分析食管心房调搏对193例阵发性室上性心动过速分型及定位诊断结果，并与心内电生理检查诊断结果比较。结果 经食管心房调搏对慢-快型AVNRT及顺向性AVRT的诊断敏感性、特异性、准确性均较高，对少见型AVNRT的诊断敏感性低(25％)。结论 阵发性室上性心动过速发作时食管与体表心电图P^-波起始与极性是诊断阵发性室上性心动过速的关键。经食管心房调搏对心动过速旁道定位误诊原因主要是心动过速时体表心电图P^-波往往与T波融合，导致V1、I导联P^-波极性及V1导联P^-波起始部形态改变。     

Detection of concealed left sided accessory atrioventricular pathway by P wave signal averaged electrocardiogram

Objectives. The purpose of this study was to examine whether P wave signal-averaged electrocardiogram (P-SAECG), which detects subtle changes in P wave, detects the concealed accessory atrioventricular pathway (AP).Background. It is difficult to differentiate atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia (AVRT) due to the AP from atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) when the ventricular preexcitation is absent on 12-lead electrocardiograms. By electrophysiological studies, the anterograde conduction in the concealed AP is shown to be blocked near the AP-ventricular interface during sinus rhythm.Methods. P-SAECG during sinus rhythm was performed in 20 normal volunteers (control), 21 patients with AVRT due to the concealed AP, 19 with AVNRT, 22 with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF), and 7 with automatic atrial tachycardia (AT). The filtered P wave duration (FPD) and AR20 (power spectrum area ratio of 0–20 to 20–100 Hz) were measured and repeated in AVRT, AVNRT and AT groups at one week after catheter ablation.Results. The anterograde conduction in the concealed left-sided AP was confirmed in all cases by an electrophysiological study. The FPD in AVRT group was more prolonged than that in controls or AVNRT group. Although the FPD was similar between AVRT and PAF groups, AR20 differentiated between the two groups. Ablation of the concealed AP shortened FPD in AVRT group but that of the slow pathway or the atrial focus did not shorten in the AVNRT or AT groups, respectively. The changes in FPD after ablation were correlated with those in the duration of atrial activity by an electrophysiological study (r = 0.67).Conclusions. Our findings suggest that P-SAECG detects the concealed left-sided AP, providing a clinical tool in noninvasively assessing atrial activation patterns.     

Usefulness of ST-segment elevation in lead aVR during tachycardia for determining the mechanism of narrow QRS complex tachycardia

In the present study, we analyzed ST-segment elevation in lead aVR during tachycardia to differentiate the narrow QRS complex tachycardia. A total of 338 12-lead electrocardiograms during narrow QRS complex tachycardia were analyzed. Each patient underwent a complete electrophysiologic study. There were 161 episodes of atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT), 165 episodes of atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia (AVRT), and 12 episodes of atrial tachycardia (AT). The prevalence of aVR ST-segment elevation was 71% for AVRT, 31% for AVNRT, and 16% for AT. For ST-T changes in different leads, logistic regression analysis showed aVR ST-segment elevation was the only significant factor to differentiate the types of narrow QRS complex tachycardia (p <0.001 for AVRT and AVNRT; P = 0.02 for AVRT and AT). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of aVR ST-segment elevation to differentiate AVRT from AVNRT and AT were 71%, 70%, and 70%, respectively. Among 117 episodes of AVRT with aVR ST-segment elevation, there were 76 (65%) left side, 23 (20%) right side, 14 (12%) posterior septal, and 4 (3%) antero- and mid-septal accessory pathways (p = 0.002). In conclusion, aVR ST-segment elevation during narrow QRS complex tachycardia favors the atrioventricular reentry through an accessory pathway as the mechanism of the tachycardia.     

Clinical and electrophysiological characteristics in patients with atrioventricular reentrant and atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia.

AIM: To compare clinical, electrophysiological characteristics and transcatheter ablation results between two groups of patients, one with atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia (AVRT) and the other with atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT). METHODS: The study population consisted of 94 consecutive patients who underwent endocavitary electrophysiological study and radiofrequency (RF) ablation: 46 patients had AVRT due to an accessory pathway with only retrograde conduction while 48 patients had AVNRT. RESULTS: In relation to general and clinical characteristics, differences between the two groups emerged regarding the age of symptom onset (25+/-16 vs 37+/-17 years, p=0.001), the prevalence of heart disease (8 vs 31%, p=0.001) and the correct diagnosis on surface ECG (50 vs 79%, p=0.001). Clinical presentation was quite similar apart from a higher prevalence of fatigue and sweating in the AVNRT group. Transcatheter RF ablation therapy results were similar. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with AVRT have a lower mean age at arrhythmia symptom onset compared with those with AVNRT and have fewer associated cardiac abnormalities. Clinical presentation is quite similar as well as their outcome after ablation. A correct diagnosis by standard ECG is more frequent in AVNRT.