恶性黑色素瘤调节肺组织微环境并促进肿瘤肺转移的实验研究

目的 探讨转移前期原发黑色素瘤对肺组织微环境的作用及其对转移的影响。 方法 将黑色素瘤细胞B16种植于雌性Balb/c小鼠背部,建立荷瘤小鼠动物模型;通过小鼠尾静脉注射B16细胞建立转移模型;塞来昔布灌胃处理小鼠建立抗炎治疗模型。采用肺组织干湿比和HE染色分析肺组织炎症反应,应用ELISA试剂盒检测血清及细胞培养上清液中的细胞因子水平。 结果 在转移前期,与对照组小鼠相比,实验组荷瘤小鼠肺组织明显水肿,肺干湿比明显升高,两组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);同时发现B16细胞易于出现在肺组织炎症细胞聚集的部位。ELISA检测结果显示,与对照组相比,实验组荷瘤小鼠血清VEGF、M-CSF和TNF-α含量明显升高,两组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。B16培养上清可以显著诱导肺组织炎症反应,与对照组相比,实验组小鼠肺组织转移瘤显著增多(P<0.001);给予抗炎药物塞来昔布处理后,与对照组相比,实验组小鼠肺组织炎症反应明显下降,肺转移瘤数目明显减少(P=0.005)。 结论 在肿瘤转移前期,原发恶性黑色素瘤能够调节肺组织微环境,诱导肺组织炎症反应并促进肺转移;塞来昔布可缓解肺组织炎症反应并抑制肺转移。     

Primary carcinoma of the appendix

Primary adenocarcinoma of the appendix is a rare tumor. Fewer than 200 cases are on record. Correct preoperative diagnosis is virtually nonexistent. Two patients with adenocarcinoma of the appendix are described. Although appendectomy appears to be adequate treatment for carcinoid, right hemicolectomy is, in our opinion, the treatment of choice for mucinous cystadenocarcinoma, while it is mandatory in cases of adenocarcinoma of the colonic type.     

Primary lymphoma of lung

Five cases of primary lymphocytic lymphoma of the lung are described. One patient died 14 years after diagnosis, with spread of the tumour to the opposite lung. The remaining four patients were alive and well 18 months to 25 years after diagnosis. The pathological features of these five cases are described and the nature, diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis are considered in relation to experience in the literature. The tumor is rare. It is important because of its good prognosis and diagnostic difficulty.