类风湿性关节炎患者外周血淋巴细胞凝集素受体的表达及细胞免疫功能的测定

采用生物素标记的７种植物凝集素和Ｔ细胞花环法，检测了类风湿性关节炎（ＲＡ）患者外周血中淋巴细胞（ＰＢＬ）的凝集素受体的表达和细胞亚群的变化。结果显示这７种凝集素（ＣｏｎＡ，ＤＢＡ，ＢＰＡ，ＳＢＡ，ＰＮＡ，ＵＥＡ和ＷＧＡ）均与患者和正常对照组的ＰＢＬ相结合，但ＷＧＡ和ＣｏｎＡ的受体结合率在ＲＡ组明显高于正常组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。ＲＡ患者ＰＢＬ中Ｔ８细胞亚群减少和Ｔ４／Ｔ８比率增高十分明显，同时伴有淋巴细胞转化功能的降低及其他血清学方面的改变。     

类风湿性关节炎患者外周血淋巴细胞凝集素受体的表达及细胞免…

采用生物素标遍的７种植物凝集系和Ｔ细胞花环法，检测了类风湿性关节炎（ＲＡ）患者外周血中淋巴细胞（ＰＢＬ）的凝集素受体的表达和细胞亚群的变化。结果显示这７种凝集系（ＣｏｎＡ，ＤＢＡ，ＢＰＡ，ＳＢＡ，ＰＮＡ，ＵＥＡ和ＷＧＡ）均与患者和正常对照组ＰＢＬ相结合，但ＷＧＡ和ＣｏｎＡ的受体结合率在ＲＡ组明显高于正常组（Ｐ〈０．０５）。ＲＡ患者ＰＢＬ中Ｔ８细胞亚群减少和Ｔ４／Ｔ８比率增十分明显，同时伴有淋巴细胞     

三种莨菪类药物对失血性休克大鼠不同组织氧耗量的改变

三种莨菪类药物对失血性休克大鼠不同组织氧耗量的改变解放军总医院微循环研究室（北京１００８５３）刘凤英宋欣田牛应用生物组织氧耗仪测量了正常对照组（１０只）、失血性休克组（１０只）、山莨菪碱组（６５４－２，１０只）、解痉灵组（１０只），樟柳碱组（１０只）...     

培养的大鼠血管平滑肌细胞血管紧张素Ⅱ受体的基因表达及调节

在培养的自发性高血压大鼠（ＳＨＲ）和正常血压ＷＫＹ大鼠的主动动脉平滑肌细胞（ＡＳＭＣ）模型，应用Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ杂交和逆转录－聚合酶链反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）技术，分别检测ＡＳＭＣ中碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（ｈＦＧＦ）和血管紧张素Ⅱ（ＡＮＧⅡ）Ｉ型受体（ＡＴ１Ｒ）的基因表达。结果表明：ＳＨＲＡＳＭＣ中ｈＦＧＦ基因的基础表达和ＡＮＧⅡ刺激后的表达水平元旦明显高于ＷＫＹ大鼠；ｂＦＧＦ（１０ｎｍ／ｍｌ）对两种     

微波局部照射小鼠睾丸对睾丸、附睾和精子凝集素受体含量和分布的影响

本实验应用２４５０ＭＨｚ微波，局部照射ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠睾丸，在肛温达４１±０．５℃后维持１５分钟，分别照射１或３次，以凝集素（ＷＧＡ、ＳＢＡ、Ｃｏｎ－Ａ）作为分子探针，于动物受照后１周、２和５个月观察微波辐射对各级生精细胞、附睾及精子糖脂和糖蛋白含量及分布的影响。结果表明，生精细胞中ＷＧＡ、Ｃｏｎ－Ａ受体的含量均显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０１），形态异常的精子中三种凝集素受体的含量均显著增加，且分布特性有改变。受照睾丸内呈增生的血管内皮ＳＢＡ反应为阳性。本研究结果证明，微波确可引起生殖细胞的损伤。     

微波局部照射小鼠睾丸对睾丸,附睾和精子凝集素受体含量和分…

本实验应用２４５０ＭＨｚ微波，局部照射ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠睾丸，在肛温达４１±０．５℃后维持１５分钟，分别照射１或３次，以凝集素（ＷＧＡ、ＳＢＡ、Ｃｏｎ－Ａ）作为分子探针，于动物受照后１周、２和５个月观察微波辐射对各级生精细胞、附睾及精子糖脂和糖蛋白含量及分布的影响。结果表明，生精细胞中ＷＧＡ，Ｃｏｎ－Ａ受体的含量均显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０１），形态异常的精子中三种凝集素受体的含量均显著增加，且分布特性有     

附睾上皮及精子的凝集素受体定位研究

附睾上皮及精子的凝集素受体定位研究王朝宏殷秀玲康文华马建智（河北医科大学组胚教研室）标记凝集素作为探针测定细胞表面的糖基已广泛应用于细胞化学和组织化学领域。据报导，分布于附睾上皮细胞及附睾精子的麦芽凝集素（ＷＧＡ）和蓖麻凝集素（ＲＣＡ）受体与男性受精...     

内皮素对失血性休克鼠脑微循环的影响及尼莫地平、川芎嗪的治疗作用

利用大鼠颅骨开窗观察脑软膜微循环的方法研究了内皮素（ＥＴ－１）从１０－７～１０－１０Ｍ对脑软膜微循环的影响以及失血性休克时脑软膜对ＥＴ－１的反应性。并用１０－７Ｍ造成失血性休克后脑血管痉挛的模型，观察尼莫地平、川芎嗪、６５４－２内对皮素引起血管痉挛的治疗作用。结果显示：１０－９、１０－８、１０－７Ｍ三种浓度ＥＴ－１可使脑软膜小动脉、细动脉强烈收缩，收缩率分别为２７．７％、１６．８％、７８．５％，其收缩强度与ＥＴ－１的浓度有关。对静脉的作用不明显。１０－１０ＭＥＴ－１可使细动脉轻度扩张。出血性休克时，脑软膜血流明显减慢，小动脉、细动脉管径对ＥＴ－１的收缩作用更敏感，脑组织血流明显减少。尼莫地平具有较好的拮抗ＥＬ－１引起脑软膜动脉的收缩和改善局部微循环的作用。川芎嗪也能拮抗ＥＴ－１引起脑软膜动脉的收缩，但作用较尼莫地平弱。６５４－２不能缓解ＥＴ－１对脑软膜动脉的收缩作用。     

凝集素在大鼠心脏缺血预处理中的应用

目的：实验拟通过刀豆素（ＣＯＮＡ）和麦芽素（ＷＧＡ）检测缺血再灌注损伤大鼠心肌和缺和缺血预处理大鼠心肌细胞膜凝集素受体的变化。方法：采用ＳＤ雄性大鼠１８只分３组：假手术组、缺血再灌注组、缺血预处理线,分别取三组大鼠左心室前壁心肌,常规石蜡包埋切片,分别用刀豆素、麦芽素分子探针进行ＡＢＣ法染色。结果：假手术组ＣＯＮＡ和ＷＧＡ细胞反应强,缺血再灌注组ＣＯＮＡ和ＷＧＡ细胞反应弱。缺血预处理组ＣＯＮＡ和Ｗ     

山莨菪碱对蛛网膜下腔出血后基底动脉产生EDRF的作用及抗痉挛机制研究

用山莨菪碱（６５４－２）防治蛛网膜下腔出血（ＳＡＨ）后脑血管痉挛，观察６５４－２对基底动脉中ＥＤＲＦ，ＭＤＡ，ＳＯＤ，ｃＧＭＰ，Ｃａ￣（２＋），Ｎａ￣＋的影响。结果表明，应用６５４－２后降低了基底动脉中ＭＤＡ产生及Ｃａ￣（２＋）Ｎａ￣＋的含量，与ＳＡＨ组比，ＥＤＲＦ释放增加，ＳＯＤ活性及ｃＧＭＰ水平提高，基底动脉内皮细胞受到保护，基底动脉收缩幅度减小。提示，６５４－２可通过保护内皮细胞，减轻氧自由基损伤，拮抗Ｃａ￣（２＋）Ｎａ￣＋在细胞内的蓄积，从而促进内皮细胞ＥＤＲＦ释放，引起血管舒张，明显减轻ＳＡＨ后的脑血管痉挛。     

Lectin binding on carbohydrate compounds of the flask cells in the claw-frog kidney

The carbohydrate compounds of the mucus of flask cells in the kidney of claw-frogs (Xenopus laevis) were analysed through lectin binding studies. After removing epoxy resin semithin sections were incubated with 7 lectins (WGA, RCA I, PNA, LCH, UEA, LPA) marked by horseradish peroxidase and 2 unmarked lectins (VAA, Con A). The glycosaminoglycans in the canalicular lumen of flask cells showed a strong reaction with WGA and RCA, whereas the binding of PHA, Con A, and LCH was weaker. No reaction was observed with PNA, UEA, LPA, and VAA. The mucus of the flask cells seems to be rich in N-acetyl-glycosamine and -galactosamine. It contains also mannose, glucose, and galactose, but seems to have no fucose or N-acetyl-sialic acid residues.     

Synovial sarcoma--a misnomer.

For an evaluation of the putative histogenetic relationship of synovia and synovial sarcomas, normal synovia, villonodular synovitis, and synovial sarcomas were compared for their patterns of expression of intermediate filaments of keratin and vimentin type and epithelial membrane antigen and for lectin binding sites. The lining cells in both normal synovia and villonodular synovitis reacted with anti-vimentin antibodies, but not with antibodies to different types of keratins or epithelial membrane antigen. The cleft-lining cells in synovial sarcoma, on the other hand, showed only keratin positivity, and epithelial membrane antigen could also be detected in these cells. Nonneoplastic synovial lining cells bound peanut agglutinin (PNA), Ricinus communis agglutinin (RCA), soybean agglutinin (SBA), concanavalin A (Con A), and wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) conjugates, but not Ulex europaeus I lectin (UEA I). In contrast, the epithelial-like cleft lining cells in synovial sarcomas showed an apical cytoplasmic binding of PNA, UEA I, RCA, and SBA, and binding of WGA to the whole cytoplasm but did not bind Con A. The distinct differences between synovial lining cells and synovial sarcoma cells speak against synovial cell features in synovial sarcoma. These results indicate that synovial sarcoma is a carcinosarcomalike tumor with true epithelial differentiation, and the term "synovial sarcoma" apparently is a misnomer that should be abandoned.     

Changes in glycoconjugates revealed by lectin staining and stage-specific embryonic antigen-1 immunostaining in hamster submandibular glands during the postnatal period

Lectin binding and stage-specific embryonic antigen-1 (SSEA-1) immunoreactivity were studied in the developing submandibular glands of young Syrian golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) from postnatal day 1 (the day of birth) to day 28. The submandibular glands were fixed in a solution containing 6% mercuric chloride, 1% sodium acetate, and 0.1% glutaraldehyde (HgCl₂-G) or 4% paraformaldehyde (4P), and embedded in paraffin. Sections from HgCl₂-G fixation were stained with three lectin-peroxidase conjugates: peanut agglutinin (PNA), Ulex europeus I agglutinin (UEA I), and wheat germ agglutinin (WGA). Sections from the 4P-fixed tissues were immunostained with monoclonal antibodies against SSEA-1, sialyl SSEA-1 and fucosyl SSEA-1. On the day of birth, the terminal unit of the submandibular gland was composed of fetal type secretory cells and proacinar cells. The secretory cells were PNA, UEA I, and WGA positive. The number of secretory terminal tubule cells decreased rapidly, and lectin-positive secretory cells were replaced by adult secretory cells that did not show PNA or UEA I stainings but were weakly positive for WGA. Fetal secretory cells were positively immunostained for SSEA-1 and sialyl SSEA-1, and immature ductal cells were stained for fucosyl SSEA-1. The positive stainings disappeared with regression of the fetal epithelial cells. Hence, modulation of glycoconjugate expression in the submandibular glands, which reflects changes in secretory cells from the fetal type to adult type during postnatal development, is revealed by lectin staining and immunostaining for SSEA-1 and related antigens.     

Lectin histochemistry for detection of the oligosaccharides in the testis of the chick embryo

The oligosaccharidic content, distribution and changes of the glycoconjugates in the testis of the chick embryo, from the 8th day of incubation to hatching, were studied using a battery of seven HRP-conjugated lectins (DBA, SBA, PNA, ConA, WGA, LTA, and UEA I). Our findings showed that ConA and WGA appeared to characterize the spermatogonia during their differentiation, maturation, migration and meiosis. In the Sertoli cells, a change of localization of staining with ConA and WGA was revealed during the differentiation and maturation of these cells. The basal membrane was characterized by the reactivity with ConA and WGA from the early stages of incubation. ConA, WGA and PNA reacted with the endothelial cells of the testis for the whole period of incubation considered. Moreover, the interstitial cells, since their appearance, showed reactivity with ConA, WGA and PNA at the plasma membrane and the cytoplasm.     

Lectin histochemistry of developing submandibular glands of fetal Syrian golden hamsters

Summary Lectin binding was studied in the developing submandibular glands of fetal Syrian golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) from gestational day 12 to 16 (the day of birth). The fetuses were fixed, embedded in paraffin, sectioned and stained with nine lectin-horseradish peroxidase conjugates: concanavalin A (Con A), wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), Dolichos biflorus agglutinin (DBA), Helix pomatia agglutinin (HPA), Maclura pomifera agglutinin (MPA), Griffonia simplicifolia agglutinin I-B₄ (GSA I-B4), peanut agglutinin (PNA), Ulex europens agglutinin I (UEA I) and Limulus polyphemus agglutinin (LPA). The developing glands showed dramatic morphological alterations on a daily basis, accompanied by progressive changes in lectin staining. On day 12 the primitive gland showed only trace lectin staining with WGA, HPA, MPA, PNA and UEA I, but by day 13, strong staining with these lectins, as well as with DBA, was seen at the ductal lumenal surface, after the formation of the ductal lumens. Secretory granules first appeared in cells of the primitive acini on day 14; the secretion products were stained strongly with WGA, DBA, HPA, MPA, PNA and UEA I. On day 15, the secretion products were also stained moderately with GSA I-B4. Secretory differentiation was further developed on day 16, but the staining intensity of the mucins with the different lectins varied among the secretory cells. LPA failed to stain any part of the gland throughout the observation period, and Con A stained only glycogen.This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grant HL37640.     

外阴营养不良、外阴鳞状上皮细胞癌凝集素标记免疫组化分析

目的：探讨外阴营养不良增生型,硬化苔藓型表皮细胞和外阴鳞状上皮细胞癌等细胞膜结构与凝集素受体结合表达特征及它们三者之间的关系。方法：对慢性外阴营养不良表皮增生型,苔藓硬化型及外阴鳞状上皮细胞癌3种状态下的细胞进行了8种凝集素免疫组织化学标记,分析,比较。结果：外阴营养不良增生型表皮各层细胞细胞膜与刀豆凝集素（ConA),扁豆凝集素（LCA）,花生凝集素（PNA）,蓖麻凝集素（RCA－1）和大豆凝集素（SBA）结合强度弱,其表皮细胞细胞核膜与ConA,PNA和麦胚凝集素（WGA）有中等强度结合,外阴营养不良硬化苔藓型表皮各层细胞细胞膜与ConA,RCA-1 SBA和WGA结合强度弱,而与LCA不结合,其12例中的8例与荆豆凝集素（UEA－1）发生较弱的结合,外阴鳞状上皮细胞癌癌细胞与8种凝集素均结合,其12例中的7例其癌细胞膜与双花扁豆凝集素（DBA）弱结合,癌细胞膜与UEA－1强结合,但癌巢中央细胞团不与UEA－1结合,癌细胞细胞核膜与ConA,LCA,RCA-1呈强结合。结论：凝集素标记免疫组织化学染色可作为诊断,鉴别诊断外阴营养不良增生,硬化苔藓型和外阴鳞状上皮细胞癌新的指标,具有恶变潜能的增生型外阴营养不良与外阴鳞状上皮细胞癌,两者细胞核膜凝集素标记有相似之处,提示在外阴组织的癌变过程中,细胞核膜凝集素标记的异常表达是一个早期标识,糖基和糖蛋白代谢的异常可能是细胞发生癌变最早期的表现之一。     

Changes in glycoconjugates revealed by lectin staining in the developing airways of Syrian golden hamsters.

Lectin binding was studied in the developing airways of Syrian golden hamsters on gestational days 11-16 (day 16 is the day of birth). The trachea and lungs were fixed in 4% formaldehyde-1% glutaraldehyde, 6% mercuric chloride-1% sodium acetate-0.1% glutaraldehyde, and 95% ethanol; embedded in paraffin; and stained with eight lectin-horseradish peroxidase conjugates: Triticum vulgare (WGA), Dolichos biflorus (DBA), Helix pomatia (HPA), Maclura pomifera (MPA), Griffonia simplicifolia I-B4 (GSA I-B4), Arachis hypogaea (PNA), Ulex europeus I (UEA I), and Limulus polyphemus (LPA). Each lectin yielded a characteristic staining pattern, which modulated throughout development. In general, changes in staining characteristics of the tracheal epithelium preceded similar changes in the lobar bronchus, bronchiole, and alveolus. In the case of UEA I, MPA, WGA, and HPA, staining increased with time uniformly over the luminal surface of all epithelial cells. However, in the case of PNA, GSA I-B4, and LPA, after the differentiation of ciliated and secretory cells, the apical surfaces of the ciliated cells stained more intensely than the apical surfaces of the secretory cells. Neuraminidase pretreatment enhanced PNA and GSA I-B4 staining in both cell types. In the case of PNA, these light microscopic observations were confirmed by ultrastructural study. Unlike the other lectins, the pattern of staining with DBA was unusual. Staining was moderate at first, then decreased (days 13 and 14), then increased at all airway levels. This study shows that different glycoconjugates modulate in airway epithelial cells throughout fetal development.     

Expression of glycoconjugates in intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma

Summary Twenty cases of intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma (IHCCC) were studied by lectin histochemistry for their glycoconjugate expression. Combined alcian blue-peroxidic acid Schiff (ABPS) staining was also made for mucins in these tissues. Results showed that epithelial cells of intrahepatic bile ducts contained varied quantity of DBA, WGA, LCA, Con A, PHA, RCA_I, BLA_I, SJA, SBA, PSA and UEA_I receptors but no PNA receptors. Lectin receptors were present at varying rates; 100% (Con A), 95% (PSA), 90% (LCA), 95% (WGA), 30% (BSA_I), 35% (DBA), 65% (PHA), 74% (PNA), 85% (RCA_I), 35% (SBA), 25% (SJA) and 55% (UEA0, respectively. The positive rates in well-differentiated IHCCC were significantly higher than those in either moderately or poorly-differentiated IHCCC. The distribution of lectin receptors in IHCCC was obviously different from that in peri-carcinomatous, cirrhotic and normal liver, and also differed from that in epithelial cells of normal intrahepatic bile ducts. All larger ducts were stained by ABPS and were mainly blue colour, while only 80% of IHCCC were positive for ABPS staining. Most of them were blue, others were red or purple. The results suggest that the expression of glycoconjugates had changed after the neoplastic transformation of bile duct cells.     

人及哺乳动物消化管中凝集素结合部位的形态观察

用三种辣根过氧化物酶标记的凝集素—WGA、SBA和PNA观察人及大小鼠的消化管各段中凝集素结合部位的分布。在各段消化管的粘膜上皮均有染色反应,但胃粘膜上皮细胞的核上区不被PNA着色。在胃底腺中,人的壁细胞只对WGA反应,主细胞对WGA和PNA都有反应,而大小鼠二种细胞对三种凝集素均有反应。杯状细胞对PNA不着色。肠腺反应与粘膜上皮相似。固有膜、平滑肌被WGA着色。神经元对WGA和PNA反应。由此提示糖蛋白分布的差异存在于各段消化管和同段消化管的不同区域并有种间差异。     

Immunohistochemical evaluation of factor VIII related antigen,filament proteins and lectin binding in haemangiomas

Summary Immunohistochemical identification of factor VIII related antigen (F VIII RAG) filament proteins (actin, myosin, filamin, vimentin and desmin) and lectin binding patterns of Con A, PNA, SBA, WGA, RCA-1, UEA-1 and DBA in the endothelial cells and the musclar layers of haemangiomas and normal blood vessels are reported, using paraffin sections with the HRP method.The endothelial cells of haemangiomas were usually strongly positive to F VIII RAG as were those from capillary vessels and other small vessels. Some of the endothelium from haemangiomas and angiokeratomas was negative for factor VIII. The vessel walls of hemangiomas showed staining slightly positive for microfilaments (actin, myosin, filamin). The smooth muscle layer in small vessels showed a more marked staining with actin. Vimentin and desmin reactions in the vessel walls of, haemangioma and in normal vessels were slight or moderate. UEA-1 lectin binding was constantly positive in endothelial cells from hemangiomas and in blood vessels. SBA and WGA binding appeared in the border layer of endothelium in haemangiomas and normal vessels.