高通量血液透析对维持性透析患者血清钙磷及甲状旁腺激素水平的影响

目的 研究高通量血液透析对维持性血液透析患者血清钙磷及甲状旁腺激素水平影响.方法 本试验为前瞻性自身对照研究.44例常规低通量血液透析患者转换为高通量透析(Fresenius FX60,超纯透析液)治疗1年.采用单因素方差分析比较试验前0月、试验后6个月、试验后12个月血磷(P)、血钙(Ca)、全段甲状旁腺激素(iPTH)、肌酐(Cr)、尿素氮(BUN)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)等指标水平的变化.结果 高通量透析6、12个月后较低通量透析时P、iPTH、CRP等指标有明显不同,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).血BUN、Cr、Ca等生化指标在转化为高通量透析后,与低通量时比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 高通量血液透析治疗后P、iPTH有下降趋势,改善钙磷及甲状旁腺激素代谢紊乱,可能有助于提高血液透析病人的生存质量.     

维持性血液透析患者甲状旁腺激素水平的临床分析

目的 探讨慢性肾功能衰竭维持性血液透析患者不同血浆全段甲状旁腺激素水平影响因素的差异.方法 在2006年9月至2009年8月期间于我院门诊维持性血液透析慢性肾功能衰竭患者中随机选择血浆全段甲状旁腺激素>1000 μg/L患者20例(高甲状旁腺激素组);血浆全段甲状旁腺激素<150 μg/L的患者20例(低甲状旁腺激素组).对两组患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果 两组患者年龄、病死率、原发病、血肌酐、尿素氮、血浆白蛋白、血磷及钙磷乘积方面比较差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);两组患者性别、血红蛋白、胆固醇、甘油三酯、血钙及二氧化碳结合力方面比较差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05).结论 在慢性肾功能衰竭维持性血液透析中高龄及糖尿病肾病患者低甲状旁腺激素水平的发生率明显增高;低甲状旁腺激素水平的患者病死率明显增高;高甲状旁腺激素水平患者的血肌酐、血磷及钙磷乘积水平明显高于低甲状旁腺激素水平患者,营养状况也优于后者.     

维持性血液透析患者甲状旁腺激素水平的临床分析

Objective To investigate the different factors in maintenance hemodialysis patients with different serum levels of intact parathyroid hormone(iPTH).Methods To choose 20 patients with higher serum iPTH levels(iPTH > 1000 μg/L)and other 20 patients with lower serum iPTH levels(iPTH < 150 μg/L)among the chronic renal failure(CRF)patients who received hemodialysis in Beijing Shijitan Hospital from September 2006 to August 2009.The two groups were analyzed retrospectively.Results There were significant differences in age,disease death rate,primary diseases and the levels of serum creatinine(Scr),blood urea nitrogen(Bun),plasma-albumin(Alb),phosphorous(P)and product Ca × P between the two groups However,there Were no significant differences in sex and the levels of serum calcium(Ca),hemoglobin(Hb),cholesterol(CHOL),triglyceride(TRIG)and carbon dioxide combining power(CO2CP)between them.Conclusions Among the CRF patients which received hemodialysis:The incidence of the lower serum iPTH levels among the elderly and CRF patients due to diabetic nephrosis is obviously high;The death rate of group 2 is obviously higher than that of group 1;The levels of Scr,P and product Ca×P of group 1 are obviously higher than that of group 2 and nutritional status of the former is better than that of the latter.     

维持性血液透析患者甲状旁腺激素水平的临床分析

Objective To investigate the different factors in maintenance hemodialysis patients with different serum levels of intact parathyroid hormone(iPTH).Methods To choose 20 patients with higher serum iPTH levels(iPTH > 1000 μg/L)and other 20 patients with lower serum iPTH levels(iPTH < 150 μg/L)among the chronic renal failure(CRF)patients who received hemodialysis in Beijing Shijitan Hospital from September 2006 to August 2009.The two groups were analyzed retrospectively.Results There were significant differences in age,disease death rate,primary diseases and the levels of serum creatinine(Scr),blood urea nitrogen(Bun),plasma-albumin(Alb),phosphorous(P)and product Ca × P between the two groups However,there Were no significant differences in sex and the levels of serum calcium(Ca),hemoglobin(Hb),cholesterol(CHOL),triglyceride(TRIG)and carbon dioxide combining power(CO2CP)between them.Conclusions Among the CRF patients which received hemodialysis:The incidence of the lower serum iPTH levels among the elderly and CRF patients due to diabetic nephrosis is obviously high;The death rate of group 2 is obviously higher than that of group 1;The levels of Scr,P and product Ca×P of group 1 are obviously higher than that of group 2 and nutritional status of the former is better than that of the latter.     

甲状旁腺激素对红细胞生成素治疗低反应性维持性血液透析患者的影响

维持性血液透析（MHD）患者常常并发高甲状旁腺激素血症，而甲状旁腺激素（PTH）作为尿毒症毒素对多个系统有不良影响。贫血是尿毒症患者最常见的并发症，多数均可以经过红细胞生成素（EPO）治疗而得到改善，但是仍然有4％～10％的患者表现为对EPO治疗低反应性。我们观察PTH对EPO低反应性MHD患者的影响。     

帕立骨化醇治疗维持性血液透析患者继发性甲状旁腺机能亢进症的效果

目的:探讨帕立骨化醇治疗维持性血液透析患者继发性甲状旁腺机能亢进症的效果。方法:筛选2021年5月至2021年8月首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院血液净化科收治的维持性血液透析继发性甲状旁腺机能亢进症患者20例(全段甲状旁腺素500~2 000 pg/ml),予帕立骨化醇治疗,每次5 μg,每周3次,后续根据血清全段甲状旁...     

维持性腹膜透析患者全段甲状旁腺激素水平影响因素分析

目的:通过分析维持性腹膜透析患者慢性肾脏病—矿物质和骨异常的达标情况,探讨患者全段甲状旁腺激素水平的相关影响因素。方法:采用横断面研究方法,选取规律随访的持续性非卧床腹膜透析(continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, CAPD)患者211例,收集患者一般资料,测定相关生化指标,在此基础上计算残肾KT/V和透析KT/V以及nPNA等,计算iPTH的达标率并分析其与各项临床及生化指标的相关性。结果:依据2003年K/DOQI指南的目标范围：iPTH达标率为26.07%;依据2018年《中国慢性肾脏病矿物质和骨异常诊治指南》的目标范围：iPTH达标率为57.82%。相关性分析表明,iPTH水平与低钙腹透液、透析龄、Scr、BUN、UA、P、ALP呈正相关,与年龄呈负相关。进一步行多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示：高P、高nPNA是高iPTH的独立危险因素,高龄、高Hb、低Alb、高cCa、低P、活性维生素D的应用是低iPTH的独立危险因素。结论:CAPD患者中iPTH达标率较低,年龄、蛋白摄入情况、营养状况、钙磷代谢紊乱以及相关药物的应用是i...     

甲状旁腺切除术对维持性血液透析患者骨代谢的影响

目的:观察甲状旁腺全切加自体前臂移植术(total parathyroidectomy with forearm autograft,PTX+AT)对维持性血液透析(maintenance hemodialysis,MHD)合并难治性继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进(secondary hyperparathyroidism,S...     

低钙透析液对血液透析伴继发性甲状旁腺功能减退患者的临床研究

目的：探讨应用含钙1.25mmol／L浓度透析液进行血液透析对维持性血液透析（MHD）伴相继发性甲状旁腺功能减退患者的钙磷代谢和甲状旁腺功能的影响。方法：选择MHD6个月以上、病情稳定、连续2次血iPTH〈100pg／ml的患者60例,随机分为对照组（含钙1.5mmol／L透析液）和治疗组（含钙1.25mmol／L透析液）,每组各30例,观察时间6个月。观察并记录研究前、研究后l、3、6个月等不同时期患者血iPTH、血清校正钙、磷、钙磷乘积等指标的变化以及相关不良反应。另外,选择使用含钙浓度1.5mmol／L和1.25mmol／L透析液进行MHD的患者各20例,检测单次透析前、透析结束时以及下次透析前的血清校正钙、磷和iPTH浓度。结果：（1）治疗组单次透析后血清校正钙、磷和钙磷乘积均较透析前明显下降,iPTH浓度较透前明显升高,P〈0.01;而对照组上述血钙和iPTH浓度无明显变化;（2）透析后治疗组血清校正钙和钙磷乘积较对照组明显下降,血iPTH浓度较对照组明显升高,P〈0.01;两组血磷浓度差异无统计学意义。（3）治疗组1个月后血清校正钙、磷和钙磷乘积较治疗前开始下降,3个月后进一步下降,P〈0.05,6个月后各项指标趋于稳定;iPTH水平1个月后较治疗前明显升高,并随着治疗时间的延长,逐渐升高,P〈0.01。（4）对照组治疗后1、3、6个月上述指标与治疗前比较差异无统计学意义。（5）两组透析过程中出现的不良反应差异无统计学意义。结论：对于血iPTH〈100pg／ml MHD患者应用含钙1.25mmol／L透析液进行血液透析能较好地控制其血清校正钙、磷、钙磷乘积水平,有效地改善被过度抑制的甲状旁腺功能,并且安全性良好。     

高通量血液透析联合血液灌流对维持性血液透析患者血清钙、磷及甲状旁腺激素代谢的影响

目的 研究高通量血液透析(HFD)联合血液灌流(ⅢP)对维持性血液透析患者血清钙磷及甲状旁腺激素代谢的影响.方法 40例维持性血液透析患者随机分为对照组(高通量血液透析)和观察组(高通量血液透析联合血液灌流),在试验前及试验1和3个月后分别检测两组患者透析前肌酐(Cr)、尿素氮(BUN)、磷(P)、钙(Ca)、全段甲状旁腺激素(iPTH)等生化指标并进行比较.结果 高通量血液透析联合血液灌流与单纯高通量透析者间比较,血清BUN、Cr、Ca差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);但iPTH、P在两种血液净化模式下差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 HFD+ HP血液净化方式能有效降低维持性血液透析患者P、iPTH水平,进而可能会提高其生存质量.     

不同血液净化方法对尿毒症患者甲状旁腺素水平的影响

目的比较联机血液透析滤过（HDF）和常规血液透析（HD）对尿毒症患者甲状旁腺素（iPTH）水平的影响。方法选择我院血液净化中心2004年6月至2006年12月期间透析龄超过9个月且iPTH明显升高的尿毒症患者60例,其中男38例、女22例,平均年龄43．5岁,平均透析龄（18．6±9．3）月。将患者随机分为HDF组和HD组,每组30例。两组患者每周均透析三次,HDF组为1次HDF、2次HD,每次透析4h。HDF组使用F60滤过器;HD组使用F6HPS透析器,统一低分子肝素抗凝。检测透析前后患者血液血肌酐（SCr）、血尿素氮（BUN）及iPTH水平并计算其清除百分率。结果SCr与BUN清除率在HD组分别为（70.6％±3．2％）和（74．2%±4．0％）,在HDF组分别为（71．8％±2．3％）和（76．2%±3．8％）,两组之间差异无统计学意义。HD组血iPTH值透析前后无显著差异,清除率仅为（1．7%±0．9%）,而HDF组iPTH的清除率为（32．8％±7．8％）,该组透析前后溶质浓度及清除率的差异均有统计学意义。结论两种血液净化治疗方式对小分子物质的清除效果无差异,但HDF对中分子物质（iPTH）的清除效果明显优于HD。定期HDF有利于iPTH的清除、防止iPTH异常导致的钙磷代谢紊乱、降低代谢性骨病等并发症的发生率。     

Association between osteopontin and intact parathyroid hormone in maintenance hemodialysis patients

Objective To explore possible associations between osteopontin(OPN) and intact parathyroid hormone(iPTH), to investigate effects of them on the progression of carotid artery calcification in patients receiving long-term hemodialysis. Methods Forty-eight maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients and 28 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers were recruited. The concentration of OPN in peripheral blood was determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Levels of iPTH and presence of plaques in the common carotid arteries were also measured. The demographics were recorded. Results Compared with controls, levels of OPN[(137.4±80.8)ng/L vs (31.6±6.7) ng/L, P＜0.01] and iPTH[(456.4±326.4) ng/L vs (66.9±19.3)ng/L, P＜0.01] were higher inMHD patients before hemodialysis, the numbers of calcific plaques in the common carotid arteries were increased in MHD patients (P＜0.01). There was a positive correlation between pre-dialysis OPN levels and iPTH levels (r＝0.620, P＜0.01) in MHD patients. Higher levels of OPN and iPTH correlated with greater numbers of calcific plaques in the common carotid arteries after division into three subgroups of MHD patients based on calcific plaques. In multiple linear regression analysis, the correlation between the pre-dialysis OPN and iPTH levels remained the same even if adjusting for confounding effects[β＝0.468, 95%CI (0.036, 0.195), t＝2.936, P＝0.005]. Conclusion OPN level is positively correlated with iPTH level in hemodialysis patients, which suggesting that both of them play important roles in the progression of carotid artery calcification.     

维持性血液透析患者甲状旁腺素水平与左心室肥厚关系的研究

目的探讨维持性血液透析(maintenance hemodialysis,MHD)患者甲状旁腺素(parathyroid hormone,PTH)水平与左心室肥厚(1eft ventrieular hypertrophy,LVH)的关系。方法选择同济大学附属同济医院血液透析中心MHD患者50例,根据患者PTH水平分成L-PTH组(PTH300 ng/L)、H-PTH组(PTH300 ng/L)。通过对2组患者进行心脏超声及临床生化检测,比较2组患者的心脏超声结构及LVH发生率,并作相关性分析。结果 2组患者的性别构成、年龄、血压、脑钠肽、血红蛋白、血钙和血白蛋白均无统计学差异(P0,05)。H-PTH组的透析时间、血磷均明显高于L-PTH组[(8,66±4,91)年比(5.4±5.73)年、(1.81±0.37)mmol/L比(1.51±0.32)mmol/L,P0.05]。H-PTH组的左室舒张末内径、左室收缩末内径、室间隔厚度与左室心肌质量指数均明显高于L-PTH组[(49.56±4.59)rmm比(45.84±5.65)mm、(32.44±4.26)mm比(29.6±5.00)mm、(11.12±1.45)mm比(10.16±1.41)mm、(144.29±31.82)g/m~3比(122.83±38.34)g/m~3,P0.05];2组的左房内径、左室后壁厚度及射血分数均无统计学差异[(43.96±3.98)mm比(42.52±5.86)mm、(9.56±1.58)mm比(9.08±1.29)mm、(63.16±6.97)%比(65.72±6.67)%,P0.05]。H-PTH组的LVH发生率明显高于L-PTH组(72%比40%,P0.05)。Spearman相关性分析表明,PTH水平与左室心肌质量指数、左室舒张末内径、左室收缩末内径、室间隔厚度呈正相关(r=0.325,0.330,0.348,0.310,P0.05),而与左房内径、左室后壁厚度、射血分数相关性无统计学意义(r=0.088,0.115,-0.210,P0.05)。结论MHD患者PTH水平增高可能是导致左心室肥厚的重要因素之一。     

Intensified treatment of hyperphosphatemia associated with reduction in parathyroid hormone in patients on maintenance hemodialysis

Background: This study investigated the therapeutic effect of intensive phosphorus-lowering therapy on intact-parathyroid hormone (iPTH) levels in hemodialysis patients.

Methods: Ninety-five hemodialysis patients with serum phosphorus ≥1.78?mmol/L and iPTH ≥300?pg/dL were apportioned to either the treatment or control group (n?=?43 and 52, respectively) based on patient commitment to treatment. The treatment group was given phosphorus-lowering therapies with phosphate binders (lanthanum, sevelamer or/and calcium reagent) combined with dietary phosphate restriction and intensified hemodialysis. The control individuals were given low doses of calcium agents, if serum calcium was <2.54?mmol/L. Percent changes in serum phosphorus and iPTH levels were compared between the two groups. In addition, based on the time required to achieve >20% decrease in serum phosphorus, the patients in the treatment group were further stratified as rapid responders (≤2?months; 27 patients) or slow responders (>2?months; 16 patients) and percent changes in iPTH were compared.

Results: Serum phosphorus and iPTH levels decreased from baseline in the treatment group (?24.08?±?1.93% and ?9.92?±?3.70%, respectively) but increased in the control group (22.00?±?3.63% and 104.21?±?23.89%; both p?p?Conclusions: For these patients on maintenance hemodialysis, intensive treatment of hyperphosphatemia was associated with a decrease in iPTH levels, especially for those who had achieved substantial reduction in serum phosphorus within 2?months.     

The effect of long-and short-term corticosteroids on plasma calcitonin and parathyroid hormone levels

The role of calcitonin and parathyroid hormone (PTH) in corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis is controversial. We therefore measured plasma calcitonin and PTH levels in 34 adults receiving chronic pharmacological corticosteroids for obstructive airways disease, and in controls matched for age, sex, menopause, and disease. In addition, the acute effect of a 7-day course of 15 mg prednisolone daily on fasting and calcium-stimulated calcitonin was studied in 10 normal male volunteers. There was no difference in calcitonin and PTH levels in the corticosteroid-treated patients when compared with controls. The corrected serum calcium was significantly higher in the steroid-treated patients (patients mean 2.40 (SEM 0.01) mmol/liter; controls mean 2.33 (SEM 0.01) mmol/liter; P<0.001). The short course of corticosteroids in volunteers did not alter basal or stimulated calcitonin, PTH, or calcium levels. These results suggest that neither calcitonin deficiency nor PTH excess is a feature of corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis.     

血液透析前补充左卡尼汀对改善终末期尿毒症患者透析耐受性的影响

目的 探讨不同时段静脉补充左卡尼汀对终末期维持性血液透析患者透析过程中发生低血压、肌肉痉挛及透析患者耐受性的影响和血浆游离肉碱浓度变化.方法 选择终末期维持性血液透析患者30例,按照数字表法随机分为3组:A组为对照组(透析结束后给予左卡尼汀1.0g加入0.9％氯化钠20ml静脉注射)10例,B组(透析前给予左卡尼汀1.0g加入0.9％氯化钠20ml静脉注射,透析结束后左卡尼汀1.0g加入0.9％氯化钠20ml静脉注射)10例,C组(透析开始2h后给予左卡尼汀1.0g加入0.9％氯化钠20ml静脉注射,透析结束后给予左卡尼汀1.0g加入0.9％氯化钠20ml静脉注射)10例.观察各组用药前、用药4周、8周及12周后各项指标的变化、血浆肉碱浓度和血液透析充分性.结果 B、C两组患者较对照组临床症状及分级显著好转,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);游离血浆肉碱浓度较对照组升高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);患者透析的耐受力和尿素氮清除效率(Kt/V)明显好转,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 在透析前或透析中给予左卡尼汀即刻补充剂量能降低患者发生透析不良反应的风险,增加患者的透析耐受力,提高患者透析的充分性.