长链非编码RNA调控巨噬细胞功能的作用机制研究进展

长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)是一类本身不编码蛋白、转录本长度超过200 bp的RNA.lncRNA最初被认为是RNA聚合酶Ⅱ转录的副产物,是一种"噪音",不具有生物学功能.但近年研究证实,lncRNA参与X染色体沉默、染色体修饰和基因组修饰、转录激活、转录干扰、核内运输等过程,其调控作用被越来越多研究者关注.多个研...     

长链非编码RNA在癫痫中的作用及研究进展

长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)是人类基因组中不能编码蛋白质,分子长度大于200nt的RNA,lncRNA是非编码RNA(nc RNA)中的一种,占nc RNA的80%,仅以分子的形式发挥作用,在过去的研究中lncRNA被认为是不重要的"噪音",但是近年来对lncRNA的功能研究显示其同样具有重要作用,lncRNA能在转录、转录后和表观遗传学上进行调控,参与个体发育中重要的生理和病理生命发育过程,lncRNA异常的表达对人类多种疾病的发生有密切的关系,本综述就癫痫发生发展密切相关的lncRNA进行阐述。     

构建编码基因-非编码RNA调控网络挖掘前列腺癌潜在致病因子

目的 基于前列腺癌的编码基因-非编码RNA调控网络识别潜在的生物标记物.方法 利用前列腺癌的lncRNA、miRNA和mRNA表达谱数据及它们与转录因子之间的靶向关系,构建编码基因-非编码RNA三维调控网络,挖掘ceRNA子网,识别潜在竞争性的lncRNA并筛选前列腺癌潜在的致病因子.结果 从ceRNA子网中识别出4个lncRNA竞争性的结合了5个miRNA间接调控了63个基因的表达,功能预测这些lncRNA参与了激素调节;基于网络拓扑属性,挖掘出一个包含了16个lncRNAs、2个miRNAs、4个mRNAs的生物标记物.结论 多种调控因子如TF、lncRNA、miRNA、mRNA共同作用影响前列腺癌的发生发展,其中有些lncRNA作为ceRNA来发挥基因表达调控的作用.     

长链非编码RNA在成肌分化中的作用

人类基因组90％可以发生转录,但98％的转录产物为不具有蛋白编码能力的非编码 RNA （ noncoding RNA, ncRNA）。长链非编码RNA （ long noncoding RNA, lncRNA）是指转录本超过200 nt的非编码RNA,曾一度被认为是转录的“噪音”,不具有任何生物学功能。然而,近年报道lncRNA广泛参与成肌分化,可在RNA水平通过多种方式调控成肌分化进程,是成肌分化的重要调节因子。     

长链非编码RNA MEG3对肿瘤细胞调控作用的研究进展

长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,lncRNA)是一类长度超过200 nt的不编码蛋白的RNA分子。lncRNA最初被认为是转录噪音,在近年的研究中发现越来越多功能性的lncRNA,其重要性才渐渐被阐述。母系表达基因3(materally expressed gene 3,MEG3)是一种由母系印记基因编码的lncRNA,在对其功能的研究中发现MEG3几乎参与了所有的生理和病理过程,其在多种肿瘤中表现出抑制作用。本文就lnc RNA MEG3对肿瘤细胞调控的作用机制作一综述。     

长链非编码RNA对神经干细胞的调控作用及其机制

正长链非编码RNA(LncRNA)作为一种重要的细胞功能调控因子引起越来越多广泛的关注。它是一种长度在200-100000 nt之间的RNA分子,位于细胞核或细胞质内,不编码蛋白质。在基因组转录产物中,lncRNA所占数量比例远远超过编码RNA的比例,与DNA、RNA、蛋白质相互作用参与细胞内多种调控过程,在生命活动调控网络中有极其重要的作用。lncRNA目前是遗传学研究的热点之一。近年来许多研究表明,lncRNA在神经干细胞的自我更新、增殖和分化中     

长链非编码RNA通过ceRNA在乳腺癌中的调控机制

长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,lncRNA)是一种长度大于200 nt的不具有编码蛋白质功能的RNA。lncRNA在多种肿瘤中存在差异性表达,通过转录调控、转录后调控等方式影响肿瘤的增殖、侵袭、转移、耐药等。多项研究表明,lncRNA可通过竞争性内源性RNA(competing endogenous RNA,ceRNA)机制与miRNA相互作用,并影响其它RNA、蛋白的表达,影响疾病进程;提示lncRNA可能是一种肿瘤标志物和潜在的治疗靶点。该文现就lncRNA通过ceRNA调控乳腺癌的研究进展进行综述。     

长链非编码RNA低表达或表达缺失与恶性肿瘤发生的研究进展

长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)是指长度超过200个核苷酸的非编码RNA,其通过与DNA、RNA和蛋白质等分子相互作用,从表观遗传学、转录水平以及转录后水平等3个层面发挥重要调控作用.近年研究表明,lncRNAs在许多肿瘤的发生、发展过程中发挥着促癌或抑癌作用,部分lncRNAs因其特殊的生物学特性有希望成为新型肿瘤标记物和肿瘤治疗的新靶点.本文总结了近年来在肿瘤中低表达或呈表达缺失的lncRNAs,探讨其与肿瘤发生的相关机制,评价其在肿瘤诊断和治疗方面的临床应用前景.     

长链非编码RNA在肿瘤研究中的进展

长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,lncRNA)是细胞中一类转录本长度超过200个核苷酸的非编码RNA分子,本身并不编码蛋白或很少有编码蛋白质功能,在哺乳动物基因组普遍被转录。起初认为它是转录过程中的副产物,不具有生物学功能。随着研究的深入,新的lncRNA不断被发现,越来越多的证据显示lncRNA具有复杂的生物学功能,并与人类疾病的发生关系密切。     

长链非编码RNA在急性髓系白血病中调控机制的研究进展

<正>长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,lncRNA)是指长度大于200个核苷酸的非编码RNA,起初它被认为是基因组转录的"噪音",即RNA聚合酶Ⅱ转录的副产物,并不具有生物学功能~([1-2])。但随着研究的深入,人们发现lncRNA参与了X染色体沉默、表观遗传调控、转录激活与干扰、细胞分化调节等多个关键的调控过程~([3-5])。研究表明,lncRNA的异常,包括     

长链非编码RNAs的生物功能及其与器官发育和恶性肿瘤的关系

<正>在组成人类的约30亿个碱基对中,蛋白编码序列只占1.5%,而其余不编码蛋白质的序列曾一度被认为是基因组进化过程中的"垃圾序列"。2013年发布的ENCODE研究数据表明,所谓的"垃圾序列"绝大多数被转录成分子长度超过200个核苷酸的长链非编码RNAs(long noncoding RNAs,lncRNAs)。     

长链非编码RNAs调控骨稳态研究进展

骨形成和骨吸收是骨稳态维持的两个重要过程,骨稳态失衡可导致多种骨代谢疾病的发生。长链非编码RNAs(lncRNAs)是一类几乎不具有编码功能的RNAs,在调节基因表达、生命发育及疾病发生发展中起重要调控作用。在骨代谢疾病中多种lncRNAs表达异常,lncRNAs通过调节成软骨分化、成骨分化和骨基质矿化过程,调控骨的形成。并通过影响破骨细胞的分化和成熟,参与骨吸收过程的调节。     

Relationship between long non-coding RNAs and Alzheimer’s disease: a systematic review

Alzheimer disease (AD), is a typical progressive and destructive neurodegenerative disease. It is the leading cause of senile dementia that is mainly represented as neurocognitive symptoms, including progressive memory impairment, cognitive disorder, personality change and language barrier, etc. The pathogeny and nosogenesis of AD have not been clearly explained. AD is characterized by extracellular senile plaques (SP) formed by beta amyloid (Aβ) deposition and neurofibrillary tangles in neuronal cells formed by hyperphosphorylation of tau, as well as the deficiency of neuronal with gliosis. However, the complete spectrum of regulating factors in molecular level that affect the pathogenesis of AD is unclear. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in numerous neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’s disease (PD) and AD. It is increasingly recognized that lncRNAs is tightly related to the pathogenesis and prevention and cure of AD. In the review, we highlighted the roles of lncRNAs in AD pathways and discussed increasing interest in targeting and regulating lncRNAs for the therapeutics of AD.     

Non-coding RNA-based regulation of inflammation

Inflammation is a multifactorial process and various biological mechanisms and pathways participate in its development. The presence of inflammation is involved in pathogenesis of different diseases such as diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases and even, cancer. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) comprise large part of transcribed genome and their critical function in physiological and pathological conditions has been confirmed. The present review focuses on miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs as ncRNAs and their potential functions in inflammation regulation and resolution. Pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory factors are regulated by miRNAs via binding to 3'-UTR or indirectly via affecting other pathways such as SIRT1 and NF-κB. LncRNAs display a similar function and they can also affect miRNAs via sponging in regulating levels of cytokines. CircRNAs mainly affect miRNAs and reduce their expression in regulating cytokine levels. Notably, exosomal ncRNAs have shown capacity in inflammation resolution. In addition to pre-clinical studies, clinical trials have examined role of ncRNAs in inflammation-mediated disease pathogenesis and cytokine regulation. The therapeutic targeting of ncRNAs using drugs and nucleic acids have been analyzed to reduce inflammation in disease therapy. Therefore, ncRNAs can serve as diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic targets in inflammation-related diseases in pre-clinical and clinical backgrounds.     

Altered long non-coding RNA expression profile in patients with IgA-negative mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis

Mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MsPGN) is one of the most common immune-mediated renal diseases. The mesangium is expanded and hypercellular, immuno-globulin deposits can be found in the mesangium, but the mechanism underlying its cause remains largely unclear. There is a large amount of evidence suggesting that long ﹥200 nucleotide) non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) have important regulatory functions in the epigenetic control of gene expression. Multiple lines of evidence increasingly link mutations and dysregulations of lncRNAs to a diverse number of human diseases. Through microarray expression analysis, tests show that thousands of lncRNAs and protein-coding genes are significantly differentially expressed in IgA-negative MsPGN. Some lncRNAs and their neighboring protein-coding genes are closely related and are cooperatively expressed. This may be part of a potential regulatory mechanism. The malfunction of regulation in the network of lncRNAs may be a possible mechanism for the development of IgA-negative MsPGN. Our observations suggest that some lncRNAs are closely related to IgA-negative MsPGN and may be playing an important role in this disease.