协同凝集试验检测O1群霍乱弧菌

目的建立一种快速简便的 O1群霍乱弧菌检测方法。方法将抗 O1群霍乱弧菌多价单克隆抗体包被到金黄色葡萄球菌 Cowan I株上制成 SPA菌体试剂 ,建立起协同凝集试验 (COA) ,检测粪便标本 6 h培养物中的霍乱弧菌。结果 COA检测的敏感性为 4× 10 6 CFU/ m l,检测过程为 5 min。 92份临床标本的测定结果与培养法相比较 ,COA的特异性、敏感性、诊断符合率分别是 10 0 %、95 .5 %、97.8%。结论 COA简便、快速 ,可作为一种新的霍乱弧菌快速诊断方法     

胶乳凝集试验检测O1群霍乱弧菌

为建立一种快速，简便的Ｏ１群霍乱弧菌检测方法，用抗Ｏ１群霍乱弧菌多价单克隆抗体敏胶乳，建立起胶乳凝集试验（ＬＡＴ），检测粪便标本６ｈ培养３物中的霍乱弧菌，ＬＡＴ的检测的敏感性为５×１０＾５ＣＦＵ／ｍｌ，检测过程小于５ｍｉｎ，在９２例临床标本中，４４例培养阳性者ＬＡＴ法均阳性，４８例培养阴性者中，有１例假阳性，但用镜检法厅筛除。     

应用SPA协同凝集试验快速检测b型流感嗜血杆菌抗原

将灭活b型流感杆菌盐水悬液静脉注射于新西兰家兔获抗血清,其双向琼脂扩散效价为≧1:64,经硫酸铵盐析和DEAE-52型阴离子交换树脂层析,获纯化IgG,制备SCT试剂,可测b型流感杆菌聚核糖磷酸(PRP),纯化抗原灵敏度为25ng/ml,用58株各种细菌悬液签定试剂的特异性,未见交叉反应。本法经济、简便、快速又较敏感和特异,可望成为流感杆菌感染的一种快速诊断方法。     

非O1群霍乱弧菌感染调查

为了解本地区腹泻病人的弧菌感染情况,我们对９８０例腹泻病患者进行调查。材料和方法一、标本来源　１９９８年本院９８０例肠道门诊腹泻患者粪便,记录其性状和镜检结果。二、试剂　碱性蛋白胨水、庆大霉素琼脂、ＳＳ琼脂均由中国预防医学科学院流行病学微生物研究所提供。诊断血清由北京天坛生物工程技术公司提供,细菌鉴定２０ＮＥ板条由法国生物梅里埃公司提供。三、细菌的分离与鉴定　将粪便接种碱性蛋白胨水和ＳＳ培养基,３７℃过夜;碱性蛋白胨水转种庆大霉素琼脂平板,３７℃培养１８～２４ｈ后,分离弧菌和气单胞菌,用２０ＮＥ…     

抗O／129的非O1群霍乱弧菌分子生物学特征研究

为了从遗传学基础上，探索抗Ｏ／１２９的非Ｏ１群霍乱弧菌的基因结构的特点，即对１９９２～１９９４年从肠道门诊急性腹泻患者粪便中分离到的２１株抗Ｏ／１２９的非Ｏ１群霍乱弧菌的分子生物学特性进行了研究。结果显示：染色体ＤＮＡ经核酸限制性内切酶ＰｓｔＩ消化后，用琼脂糖凝胶电泳分离ＤＮＡ，全部菌株表现为多样化特征的限制性酶谱；用Ｄｉｇ标记的基因探针做ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ杂交，无一株菌具有Ｏ１群霍乱弧菌流行株所具有的ＣＴ毒素基因；质粒图谱分析，仅有６株菌各含有一条质粒带，而且这６株菌同时对３～８种临床常用抗生素耐药，表明该菌株对Ｏ／１２９的抗性是非质粒性的。结果表明，抗Ｏ／１２９的非Ｏ１群霍乱弧菌与Ｏ１群霍乱弧菌非流行株具相似的遗传学特性和毒力特征，因而，它不是引起霍乱暴发的病原体。     

SPA法协同凝集试验快速检测淋球菌抗原的应用

淋病是由淋球菌引起的一种急性传染病，患者常以尿急，尿频和排出脓性分泌物为主要症状，严重时可合并其它泌尿生殖系统炎症．近年来淋病广泛发生于世界各地而且发病率逐年上升，传染力很强，尤其是和无症状尚有传染力的病人接触一次即有20％～30％或更高的传染机会，因之对淋病患者及高危人群区的早期诊断，早期治疗将对防治消灭性病起着积极作用。我们根据协同凝集试验的原理采用SPA法进行实验，不仅快速，简便而且特异性强，敏感度高，现报告如下：1材料和方法1．1材料来源本院及宝鸡妇幼保健院门诊病例及正常人查体病例临床上诊断为淋…     

抗O／129的非O1群霍乱弧菌分子生物学特征研究

为了从遗传学基础上，探索抗Ｏ／１２９的非Ｏ１群霍乱弧菌的基因结构的特点，即对１９９２～１９９４年从肠道门诊急性腹泻患者粪便中分离到的２１株抗Ｏ／１２９的非Ｏ１群霍乱弧菌的分子生物学特性进行了研究，结果显示，染色体ＤＮＡ经核酸限制性内切酶ＰｓｔＩ消化后，用琼脂糖凝胶电泳分离ＤＮＡ，全部菌株表现为多样化特征的限制性酶谱，用Ｄｉｇ标记的基因探针做ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ杂交，无一株菌具有Ｏ１群霍乱弧菌流     

致血流感染非O1群非O139群霍乱弧菌的鉴定及毒力基因检测

目的对襄阳市中心医院分离1株疑似霍乱弧菌进行鉴定及药物敏感性试验,并检测其主要毒力基因。方法利用MicroScan WalkAway 40鉴定仪进行生化鉴定及药物敏感性试验,玻片凝集法确定其血清型别,应用PCR及测序技术分析其16SrRNA基因;PCR检测其6个毒力基因。结果经鉴定,该株疑似霍乱菌株为非O1群非O139群霍乱弧菌,经16SrRNA分析与美国国家生物技术信息中心数据库中霍乱弧菌相似性达100%。药敏试验结果显示该菌对氨苄西林、氯霉素、甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲（口恶）唑、四环素均敏感,毒力基因检测rtxC和toxR阳性,tcpAET、ctxA、hlyA、tcpACL阴性。结论该株疑似霍乱弧菌为非O1群非O139群霍乱弧菌,其致病与rtxC、toxR毒力基因有关。     

单抗协同凝集试验快速诊断淋病的研究

单抗协同凝集试验快速诊断淋病的研究马远方，许国强，孙会升，陆红波，徐志喜，赵粤萍（开封医专男性学研究所，河南开封４７５００１）王德斌，曹明华（中国医学科学院肿瘤研究所）目前，淋病的实验室检查方法有多种，如细菌培养法、免疫荧光法、淋菌酶试验、聚合酶链反...     

Vibrio cholerae O1 serotype Ogawa in a neonate

In India, cholera is endemic and affects usually the 3 to 5-year-old age group. There have been occasional reports in the neonatal period with Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal. We report here a case of Vibrio cholerae O1 diarrhea in a 2-day-old, breastfed male, who had been delivered in the hospital and developed severe dehydration.     

广东省非O1群霍乱弧菌对O/129磷酸盐出现抗性的研究

广东省１９８６～１９９４年从腹泻病人粪便和外环境标本检出的非Ｏ１群霍乱弧菌１１９株中，有１０．０８％和５．８８％分别对１０μｇ和１５０μｇ的Ｏ／１２９磷酸盐出现抗性，出现抗性最早的一株是１９８６年从海产品中检出的。对１０μｇ和１５０μｇ的Ｏ／１２９出现轻度敏感者分别占４．２０％和３．３６％，抗Ｏ／１２９的非Ｏ１群霍乱弧菌可能会增加。在抗１０μｇ和１５０μｇＯ／１２９的７株非Ｏ１群霍乱弧菌中，有５株同时抗磺胺甲基异恶唑（ＳＭＸ），但仍有２株对ＳＭＸ敏感。在分离鉴定时应加以注意，并需继续观察。     

A slide test for detecting neutrophil-associated complement components

Complement components deposited on neutrophils were detected by a new test that uses staphylococcal protein A and antisera against complement. Serum from three of 51 patients thought to have immune neutropenia deposited complement but not IgG on their own and normal neutrophils. Some cases of immune neutropenia may be caused primarily by complement-mediated neutrophil destruction.     

The utility HBA1c test as a screening biomarker for detecting gestational diabetes mellitus

BackgroundGlycated Hb (HbA1c) has not been used for the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Measurement of HbA1c levels is less complicated and more comfortable than glucose challenge test (GCT) for pregnant women. We studied HbA1c as a biomarker of GDM and as a screening test to avoid the use of GCT.MethodsA prospective case-control study involves 745 pregnant women between 24th and 28th gestation week. HbA1c levels were measured and GDM was diagnosed according to Carpenter–Coustan criteria. Mean and SD were calculated for GCT value, HbA1c, age, and body mass index (BMI). A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to evaluate the diagnostic performance of HbA1c test in diagnosing GDM. Cut-off points were calculated to rule out GDM and sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) were also determined. A study of the implementation of HbA1c cut-offs was performed to avoid the GCT or to perform the confirmatory oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).ResultsThe area under the curve (AUC) was 0.67 (0.58–0.76). Using 4.6% HbA1c as a cut-off prevented false negatives but only decreased the number of GCTs performed by 7.2%. However, using 4.7% HbA1c resulted in one false negative (reduction of 15.0%). Finally, by selecting 4.8% HbA1c, we found two false negatives, but there were 25.9% who do not require a GCT.ConclusionsAdoption of HbA1c as a screening test for GDM may eliminate the need of GCT. Although the HbA1c test does not have sufficient Se and Sp to be used as the only diagnostic test, the use of a rule-out strategy in combination with the OGTT could be useful.     

Comparative evaluation of the MRS test. A 4 to 6 hour screening test for detecting oxacillin-resistant staphylococci

A total of 131 strains of S. aureus and 25 strains of unspeciated coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) initially tested by automated methods for susceptibility to oxacillin were concurrently retested using standardized disk diffusion, reference 2% NaCl-supplemented broth microdilution, oxacillin salt agar, and the MRS test (a commercially prepared broth screening method). Compared to the reference broth microdilution test results, the MRS test was 97% sensitive for S. aureus, 95% sensitive for CNS, and 100% specific for all staphylococci. Results were available in 4 hr for S. aureus and less than 6 hr for CNS. The oxacillin salt agar screen had sensitivities of 93 to 99% with a specificity of 100%. Although the disk diffusion method was the most sensitive method (100%), it was the least specific (83% for S. aureus and 80% for CNS). Differences in manufacturers' agar affected results with most discrepancies resulting in a false-resistant interpretation. Although inoculum standardization was important for accurate susceptibility test results, overinoculation alone could not account for the 30 isolates falsely-resistant to oxacillin by the Vitek AMS or Abbott MS-2. Contaminants or card-fill problems may have also have been responsible for some of the discrepancies. The MRS test was considered to be an acceptable alternative screen or a supplement to other methods for same-day testing for ORS.