黑萨福克和杜泊绵羊超数排卵效率比较及分析

本试验的目的是比较黑萨福克和杜泊绵羊超数排卵效率的差异,并进一步分析差异产生的原因。20只黑萨福克绵羊和10只杜泊绵羊用FSH递减法超数排卵,获得的胚胎用于移植103只受体。结果表明,黑萨福克绵羊平均回收胚胎11.0±7.1枚,杜泊绵羊14.3±6.7枚,差异不显著(P0.05);移植2枚可用胚的黑萨福克组和杜泊组产羔受体绵羊,可用胚发育效率无差异(75%和80%,P0.05);整体水平上,黑萨福克绵羊获得后代的几率显著低于杜泊绵羊(44.7%和88.9%,P0.05)。说明两品种绵羊回收的胚胎数量没有差异,但质量有差异;黑萨福克超数排卵效率低于杜泊绵羊,但与母羊繁殖力无关,可能因公羊精液品质或者输精方式所致。     

波尔山羊重复超排效果的研究

对 2 0只波尔山羊实施两次超排处理。其结果如下 :1.第 1次超排处理时 2 0只供体羊全部发情并进行采卵 ,超排有效率为 10 0 % ;平均排卵数为 2 0 .2 5枚 /只 ,平均采集胚胎数 19.2 5枚 /只 ,平均采集可用胚胎数为 17.3枚 /只 ;第 2次超排处理时有 3只羊推迟发情 ,超排有效率为 85 % ;平均排卵数 19.2 9枚 /只 ,平均采集胚胎数 18.5 3枚 /只 ,平均采集可用胚胎数 17.35枚 /只 ;2 .两次超排所获得的平均可用胚胎数差异不显著(p >0 .0 5 )。     

供体牛超排效果研究

试验按黄体级别、饲料条件、奶孕酮含量分组,超排222头黑白花奶牛,有效反应208头(93.7％),采卵成功184头(88.5％),获卵1740枚(7.8枚/头),可用胚1173枚(5.3枚/头)。统计分析结果:Ⅰ、Ⅱ级黄体组超排可用胚胎数显著(P<0.05)高于Ⅲ级黄体组。饲料条件好的昆明和郑州牛场组可用胚胎数显著(P<0.05)高于饲料条件差的个体户和新沂牛场组。从超排前奶孕酮含量测定结果分析,黄体不同级别的孕酮含量、可用胚数等差异不显著(P>0.05),奶孕酮含量≥3毫微克/毫升组和≤3毫微克/毫升组的超排效果差异不显著(P>0.05)。结论:在现有条件下直检黄体级别为主、结合奶孕酮测定(校正判别Ⅲ级黄体的人为误差),即可获得良好的超数排卵结果。     

进口肉羊冷冻胚胎移植试验

该研究对从澳大利亚引进良种肉羊无角陶赛特、得克萨尔、萨福克冷冻胚胎进行移植。得到以下研究结果 :A级黄体受体羊移植成功率 5 5 .3% (99/179) ,B级黄体受体羊移植成功率 38.1% (8/2 1) ,统计差异极显著 (P <0 .0 1) ;移植 1枚胚胎的妊娠率 4 8.4 % (6 3/130 )显著低于 (P <0 .0 5 )移植 2枚胚胎的妊娠率 6 2 .9% (4 4 /70 ) ;移植速度 2～ 4min的妊娠率(5 8.2 % )极显著高于 (P <0 .0 1)操作困难 (10min以上 )的妊娠率 (2 8.6 % )。     

阿尔巴斯白绒山羊胚胎移植技术应用效果研究

利用胚胎移植技术,小剂量FSH处理供体母羊(阿尔巴斯型)30只,发情30只,输卵管采卵30只,获可用胚胎306枚,平均可用胚10.2枚/只;移植受体母羊(低产绒山羊)220只,妊娠173只,妊娠率77.92%;产羔183只,产羔率为105.78%;移植胎数与产羔数比为1.7:1.     

小鼠胚胎超低温冷冻保存方法比较研究

超排处理 56只昆明小白鼠 ,共得到 488枚胚胎。在室温 ( 2 5℃ )下 ,采用 4种不同的冷冻模式 (常规冷冻、直接冷冻、玻璃化一步法冷冻和二步法冷冻 )进行比较研究 ,并用台盼蓝染色法检测冷冻胚胎质量。结果表明 ,常规冷冻方法最佳 ,平均存活率为 74.88% ,显著优于其余 3种方法 ;玻璃化一步法和二步法差异不显著 ,其平均存活率分别为 6 4.58%和 6 7.70 % ,但显著高于直接冷冻法 ( 50 .50 % )     

奶牛胚胎移植引进技术的消化吸收总结报告(1986—1990)

1986—1990年利用FSH对136头黑白花奶牛进行超数排卵处理328次,有效率77.7％,采卵成功率91.4％,共获卵1791枚,其中可用胚胎1127枚,可用率为62.9％,平均每次采卵得可用胚4.84±4.66枚。 冷冻保存胚胎1015枚,解冻后胚胎可用率平均为84.6%。1990年将奶牛冷冻胚胎移植给黄牛和杂种牛205头,妊娠85头,妊娠率为41.6％。通过试验,肯定了国产激素的适宜剂量及其可与进口激素相比的超排效果,但同种FSH不同批号间存在差异。对29头供体母牛重复超排处理129次,各次处理间各项指标差异均不显著,获可用胚≥5枚的供体牛比率,在2—3次重复处理中均显著高于首次,指出由于供体对激素反应的个体效应,筛选对激素反应敏感的供体重复超排是可行的。同时探讨了胚胎品质、发育阶段以及黄体等级与移植妊娠率的关系。     

影响德国美利奴母羊两次超排移植效果因素分析

对同一批德国美利奴羊供体母羊采用输卵管法、子宫角法进行超排胚移,使用的FSH总剂量也不同,取得不同的效果： 采用输卵管法,FSH总剂量为84单位/只,对17只供体母羊进行超排,采胚13只,平均每只供体采集胚胎11.77枚,其中可用胚胎10.92枚.移植受体142只,产羔61只,产羔率42.96%;采用子宫角法,FSH总剂量为120单位/只对上述17只供体母羊进行超排,采胚13只,平均每只供体采集胚胎6.23枚,其中可用胚胎6.07枚,移植受体78只,产羔51只,产羔率66.82%.结果显示：不同的采胚方法、不同的超排剂量、供体羊的年龄、体重对供体羊的超排效果有影响;而不同的孕激素材料、母羊的生理状态以及体膘对受体的同期发情和移植后的受胎率有影响。     

供体母牛超数排卵在荷斯坦奶牛育种中的应用效果及影响因素分析

MOET核心群的 1 30头优秀荷斯坦个体母牛 ,1 44个胎次用高活性纯化促卵泡素超排处理 31 0头次 ,超排成功率为 89.6 8% ( 2 78/31 0 )。头次平均可用胚胎数为6 .38枚 ( 1 774/2 78)。记录资料建立数据库后用SAS软件统计处理。对 1 8个因素的分析结果表明 ,胎次、超排季节、促卵泡素剂量和操作人员对结果有显著影响(P <0 .0 1或P <0 .0 5) ;而个体母牛的产后间隔、产后发情次数、产奶性能和超排处理的年度、重复超排的次数、重复超排的间隔、公牛个体、输精次数和输精量无显著影响(P >0 .0 5)。结果表明使用适量的纯化促卵泡素 ,供体牛排卵数 (黄体数 )越多 ,采卵数和可用胚胎数就越多 ,妊娠数和犊牛数也越多。改进的超排处理方案与常规方法的可用胚胎数分别为 7.79与 5.58,显著改进了超排效果     

受体品种对萨福克羊胚胎移植受胎率的影响

研究目的:研究不同受体品种对萨福克羊胚胎移植受胎率的影响.方法:首先对萨福克成年母羊进行同期发情、激素诱导超数排卵和人工授精,发情后5.5～6 d手术冲胚并对胚胎分级,使用腹腔镜将单枚A级胚胎移植到相同发情天数的受体母羊子宫角,受体母羊品种为多浪羊、小尾寒羊、湖羊和杂交羊(以哈萨克羊为母本,多浪和小尾寒羊为父本的杂种羊),30 d后用B超进行妊娠检查.结果:湖羊作为受体母羊受胎率最低,只有52.0％;而杂交羊作为受体羊的受胎率最高,达到68.7％;多浪羊和小尾寒羊的受胎率分别为65.1％和66.7％.但卡方检验表明不同受体品种间差异不显著(P＞0.05).结论:以上受体品种对萨福克羊胚胎移植受胎率没有显著影响.     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.