猪干扰素-γ基因表达产物的纯化与复性研究

目的：纯化、复性猪干扰素-γ基因（poIFN-γ）表达产物并分析其抗病毒活性。方法：用异丙基-β—D-硫代半乳糖苷（Isopropylthio—β—D—galactoside,IPTG）诱导原核表达载体pQE30／poIFN-γ,超声裂解包涵体,尿素溶解、Ni—NTA纯化和透析复性后,对所得的蛋白进行抗病毒活性检测。结果：经复性纯化的目的蛋白纯度达95％以上,在PK15细胞上抗滤泡性口炎病毒比活性为6．2×10^5u／mg。结论：获得PoIFN-γ活性蛋白,为进一步研究应用奠定基础。     

牛γ-干扰素在大肠杆菌中的表达及抗原性鉴定

目的 在大肠杆菌中高效表达牛γ-干扰素(bovine interferon-γ,BovIFN-γ),并对其生物活性进行初步鉴定.方法 依据GenBank上基因序列人工合成BovIFN-γ基因,PCR方法扩增该基因,将其插入PET-28a载体构建原核表达质粒,转化大肠杆菌BL21中,在IPTG诱导下表达BovIFN-γ,并进行Western blot鉴定.Ni-NTA亲和层析法和电洗脱方法纯化表达的重组蛋白,用Western blot和商品化的BovIFN-γ检测试剂盒进行重组蛋白的抗原性检测.结果 成功构建了BovIFN-γ原核表达载体PET-28a- BIFN-γ,并在大肠杆菌中高效表达,表达蛋白约占菌体总蛋白的32％,表达产物主要以可溶性形式存在于菌体裂解液上清中;重组蛋白可与BovIFN-γ单克隆抗体反应,Ni-NTA亲和层析法纯化的重组蛋白抗原活性比电洗脱方法纯化的抗原活性高.结论 在大肠杆菌中成功表达了可溶性的BovIFN-γ蛋白,可与BovIFN-γ单抗发生反应,纯化的重组蛋白具有良好的反应原性.     

复合干扰素在大肠杆菌中的高效表达与传代稳定性

目的:在大肠杆菌中高效、稳定地表达复合干扰素(con-IFN)。方法:根据大肠杆菌密码子的偏爱性,合成了复合干扰素基因、克隆至表达载体pBV220和转化大肠杆菌DH5α。筛选高表达菌株并传代105次。表达产物经过复性和离子交换;凝胶过滤层析纯化;用细胞病变抑制法测定其活性,并结合lowry法蛋白定量计算其比活性。结果:SDS-PAGE分析显示:重组蛋白在工程菌中表达量为41%,且稳定表达105代。重组蛋白纯化后纯度达到98%,工程菌表达的复合干扰素相对分子质量、末端氨基酸序列及等电点性质与预期结果一致,比活与其商品化产品干复津相当。结论:复合干扰素在大肠杆菌中获得高效、稳定的表达。     

猪干扰素-γ基因的合成及其在大肠杆菌中的表达

目的:构建猪干扰素-γ基因(PoIFN-γ)的融合表达质粒,并在原核系统表达,为猪γ干扰素生物药剂或疫苗佐剂的开发奠定基础.方法:选择大肠杆菌偏爱密码子,分成20个长约48 bp且相互配对的寡核苷酸片段,采用重叠PCR方法人工合成了猪干扰素-γ成熟蛋白编码基因,并经测序证实后克隆至原核表达载体pQE30中.经限制性核酸内切酶酶切鉴定、PCR和核酸序列分析后,不同温度下以IPTG诱导表达,对表达产物进行SDS-PAGE电泳分析.结果:限制性核酸内切酶酶切鉴定、PCR和核酸序列分析表明,扩增出了PoIFN-γ基因,成功构建了重组质粒pQE30/PoIFN-γ,SDS-PAGE分析显示目的蛋白以包涵体的形式在大肠杆菌中获得高表达,表达量占总菌体蛋白的84.5%.结论:应用重叠PCR合成PoIFN-γ基因并在大肠杆菌中得到了高效表达.     

猪α干扰素基因的克隆、原核表达及生物学活性鉴定

目的 构建稳定、高效表达的重组猪α干扰紊(rpoIFN-α)大肠杆菌表达菌株,并纯化鉴定该菌株表达的目的 蛋白,进行生物学活性检测.方法 提取猪肝脏细胞基因组DNA,PCR扩增猪α干扰素(poIFN-α)基因,克隆到pMD18-T载体上,测序鉴定后再亚克隆到pGEX-5X-1载体上,转化入E.coli BL21中后得到表达菌株,用IPTG诱导表达,收集的菌体超声破碎后取上清得粗制蛋白,用GST亲和层析法进行纯化,产物用Western blot进行鉴定,并在Hep-2/VSV系统上滴定效价.结果 重组质粒pGEX-5X-1/polFN-α经过EcoR 1和Xho Ⅰ限制性酶切后可见501 bp的目的 片段,提取质粒测序鉴定,结果与GeneBank中的序列一致.转化入E. coli BL21中32℃条件下经IPTG诱导5 h,提取总蛋白,SDS-PAGE检测显示带有GST标记的rpoIFN-α能高效表达,分子量约45 ku,可溶性rpoIFN-α约占菌体蛋白的0.35,Western-blot鉴定显示有特异性条带.效价滴定结果表明该rpoIFN-α具有抗病毒活性,纯化后效价为7.5×106 IU/ml,比活性达到1.1×107IU/mg.结论 成功克隆了polFN-α基因,并可在大肠杆菌中高效表达具有抗病毒活性的rpoIFN-α.     

重组人可溶性VEGI在大肠杆菌中的高效表达

目的:在大肠杆菌中高效表达重组人可溶性VEGI,纯化重组蛋白并分析其生物学活性.方法:采用PCR方法对编码人VEGI全基因进行修饰,获得编码成熟蛋白第29～174位氨基酸的C端胞外区基因片段,将PCR产物亚克隆到 pMD-18T中,经DNA测序证实后亚克隆入高表达载体pLOU-1,转化大肠杆菌BL21,获得高表达菌株.经IPTG诱导获得高表达,纯化表达产物并检测其对内皮细胞ECV304增殖的抑制活性 .结果:重组人可溶性VEGI在大肠杆菌中获得高效表达,约占细菌总蛋白的40％;纯化的重组蛋白经复性后具有直接抑制内皮细胞增殖的活性.结论: 重组人可溶性VEGI在大肠杆菌中获得高效表达,且表达的重组蛋白具有抑制内皮细胞生长作用,为研究其抗肿瘤作用打下了基础.     

γ-突触核蛋白的克隆、表达及纯化

目的对γ-突触核蛋白(synuclein)基因进行克隆,并对其表达及纯化条件进行优化。方法根据GenBank中γ-突触核蛋白的基因序列,设计PCR引物,从人脑cDNA文库中扩增γ-突触核蛋白的编码DNA序列,将其克隆至pGEX-6p-1载体中,构建重组质粒,将测序正确的重组质粒转化入大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中,用IPTG诱导表达;对培养温度、IPTG的用量、诱导时间等条件进行了优化;用SDS-PAGE和质谱分析表达的目标蛋白;用亲和层析、离子交换层析、凝胶过滤纯化目标蛋白。结果γ-突触核蛋白在大肠杆菌中高效、可溶性表达,经质谱鉴定及SDS-PAGE分析,表达产物为γ-突触核蛋白。经过纯化,得到纯度高达98%的γ-突触核蛋白。结论成功地在大肠杆菌中高效表达了γ-突触核蛋白,并建立了纯化工艺,得到高纯度的重组蛋白,为进一步研究γ-突触核蛋白的晶体结构、生物学活性及功能,探讨其在肿瘤中的发病机制奠定了基础。     

山羊干扰素-γ的克隆、原核表达及其抗血清的制备

应用RT-PCR方法从免疫过山羊外周血淋巴细胞中克隆了山羊干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）基因，经序列测定，其开放阅读框架共有501bp，推测其分子质量（MW）为19.327KD。该基因与GenBank发表的山羊干扰素-γ基因序列（U34232）比较，核苷酸序列同源性为99.4%。经SignalP3.0分析表明，前23个氨基酸为信号肽序列。将信号肽序列去除并克隆到原核表达载体pET30a（＋）上，转化大肠杆菌BL21（DE3），经IPTG诱导后进行SDS-PAGE电泳，结果表明该基因在大肠杆菌中以包涵体形式融合表达。用ProBondTM蛋白纯化试剂盒纯化并免疫新西兰兔，制备了兔抗山羊IFN-γ多克隆血清。经WesternBlot鉴定，多克隆抗血清可与纯化的山羊IFN-γ蛋白发生特异性反应，说明该重组蛋白具有抗原活性，为我们进一步研究其在疾病诊断和免疫评价方面的应用奠定了基础。     

蓝藻抗病毒蛋白N全长基因原核表达克隆的构建

目的构建蓝藻抗病毒蛋白（CV-N）全长基因的原核表达载体，并在大肠杆菌中表达。方法根据GeneBank中CV-N的全基因序列，人工合成CV-N序列，进行PCR扩增。将扩增的PCR产物经双酶切后，克隆到原核表达载体pET30a（＋）上，构建重组表达载体pET30a—CV-N。重组质粒经核苷酸测序鉴定后，转化宿主茵BL21（DE3）诱导表达目的蛋白。结果CV-N基因可在大肠杆菌中高效表达，重组蛋白相对分子质量为11Kd，以包涵体形式存在。结论成功地构建了CV—N原核表达载体，为CV—N的纯化及其抗病毒的活性研究奠定了基础。     

人PPARγ2 cDNA的克隆及其在大肠杆菌中的表达纯化

目的克隆中国人的PPARγ2 cDNA,并在大肠杆菌中进行表达纯化.方法从正常人面部脂肪组织分离总RNA,采用RT-PCR及序列测定等方法获得人的PPARγ2 cDNA,然后克隆至原核表达载体pET28a,转化至大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),IPTG进行诱导表达;在N末端融合了6×His纯化标签的表达产物进行Western blot分析和用Ni2 -NTA离子交换树脂进行纯化;纯化蛋白进行SDS-PAGE纯度分析.结果获得了正常中国人的PPARγ2 cDNA,并成功构建了高效原核表达质粒pET28a-PPARγ2;Western blot结果表明,经IPTG诱导,在大肠杆菌中表达了分子量为56×103的PPARγ2目的蛋白;表达产物经Ni2 -NTA离子交换树脂纯化,PPARγ2蛋白的纯度大于90%以上.结论克隆得到正常中国人PPARγ2 cDNA的序列与Genebank报道的序列一致,并且在E.coli中成功表达和纯化了PPARγ2蛋白.此研究为后续PPARγ2功能活性和配体的筛选实验奠定了基础.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.