Angiotensin II type 1 receptor gene polymorphism and essential hypertension in Serbian population

Essential hypertension is considered to be a multifactorial trait resulting from the combined influence of environmental and genetic determinants. Due to the controversial results about the role of the ATR1 gene locus in hypertension and understanding that ethnic origin should be carefully considered in studying the association between gene polymorphism and disease etiology, we investigated the role of A1166C polymorphism in Serbian hypertensives. A total of 298 subjects, 100 hypertensive and 198 normotensive, age- and sex-matched controls, were included in this study. All subjects were genotyped for the A1166C polymorphism in ATR1 gene using allele-specific PCR-based technique. There were significant differences in both allele and genotype frequencies between hypertensive and normotensive male subjects (p<0.05). There is significant association between hypertension and CC genotype (CC vs. AC+AA OR=2.56, p=0.04) in the males only. These results suggest that a genetic variant of the ATR1 gene locus influences the risk of essential hypertension in the sex-specific manner in the Serbian population.     

AT1R基因A1166C多态性与急性心肌梗死的相关性研究

目的研究AT1R基因A1166C多态性与急性心肌梗死(AMI)的相关性。方法采用PCR-RFLP方法,对105例初发AMI患者和111例健康对照个体进行AT1R基因A1166C多态性分析。结果 AT1R基因A1166C多态性中AA和AC+CC基因型在AMI患者组的频率分别为88.6%和11.4%,等位基因A和C的频率分别为93.3%和6.7%;AA和AC+CC基因型在对照组中的频率分别为92.8%和7.2%,等位基因A和C的频率分别为95.9%和4.1%。AMI组与对照组比较,AA和AC+CC基因型频率及A和C两等位基因频率均无统计学显著性差异(P>0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示高血压、冠状动脉疾病家族史、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇是AMI发生的独立危险因素(P<0.05),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇是保护性因素(OR<1,95%CI 0.155～0.931),其余三项为危险因素(OR>1)。结论 AT1R基因A1166C多态性与AMI的发生可能无关联。     

ACE and AT1R gene polymorphisms and hypertension in Indian population

The renin angiotensin system (RAS) controls intrarenal blood pressure and sodium balance, and is an important target for antihypertensive therapy. Several polymorphisms have been identified within genes encoding RAS that may contribute to the development of elevated blood pressure. The relevance of these polymorphisms in hypertension remains controversial. In this study we have examined 105 hypertensive subjects and 192 controls from the Indian population for I/D polymorphism of angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) and A(1166)C polymorphism of angiotensin II type I receptor (AT1R) genes by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and PCR-based restriction enzyme analysis method, respectively. There was no significant difference in the distribution of ACE (I/I, I/D, and D/D) and AT1R (A/A and A/C) genotypes between controls and hypertensive subjects. D allele was significantly associated with an early onset of hypertension and although nonsignificant, the frequency was high in subjects with family history of cardiovascular disorders. C(1166) allele of AT1R did not correlate with the age of onset of hypertension and the frequency was low in subjects with family history. Thus no association was found between ACE and AT1R genotypes and hypertension. However the D allele can be used as a predictor of risk of hypertension in the Indian population.     

血管紧张素Ⅱ1型受体基因多态性与原发性高血压的关系

目的 探讨血管紧张素Ⅱ1型受体(AT1R)基因多态性与原发性高血压(EH)之间的关系.方法 应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)对200例汉族EH患者(EH组)和192例正常血压者(对照组)的AT1R基因1166A/C及-810A/T多态性进行检测,测定空腹血糖、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)等生物化学指标,分析各基因型和等位基因频率与EH的关系.结果 1166A/C等位基因和基因型频率在EH组和对照组的分布无统计学差异(P均＞0.05),-810A/T各基因型在EH组和对照组间差异有统计学意义(x2=10.862,P=0.004),-810T等位基因频率在EH组显著增高[22.5%(102/400)与11.5%(44/384),x2=12.745,P=0.000],用Logistic回归模型校正了传统危险因素的影响后,-810AT和TT基因型的携带者患高血压的危险性显著增加(P=0.003,OR值为2.57,95%CI:1.37～4.84).结论 AT1R-810A/T多态性与EH发病相关,-810T等位基因可能是EH发病的风险因子.     

血管紧张素II1型受体基因多态性与原发性高血压的关系

目的探讨血管紧张素Ⅱ1型受体（AT1R）基因多态性与原发性高血压（EH）之间的关系。方法应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性（PCR—RFLP）对200例汉族EH患者（EH组）和192例正常血压者（对照组）的ATlR基因1166A／C及-810A／T多态性进行检测,测定空腹血糖、甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL—C）及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL—C）等生物化学指标,分析各基因型和等位基因频率与EH的关系。结果1166A／C等位基因和基因型频率在EH组和对照组的分布无统计学差异（P均〉0．05）,-810A／T各基因型在EH组和对照组间差异有统计学意义（χ^2=10．862,P=0．004）,-810T等位基因频率在EH组显著增高[22．5％（102／400）与11．5％（44／384）,χ^2=12．745,P=0．000],用Logistic回归模型校正了传统危险因素的影响后,-810AT和TT基因型的携带者患高血压的危险性显著增加（P=0．003,OR值为2．57,95％CI：1．37～4．84）。结论AT1R-810A／T多态性与EH发病相关,-810T等位基因可能是EH发病的风险因子。     

Association of angiotensin II type 1 receptor gene polymorphism with carotid atherosclerosis.

BACKGROUND: Polymorphisms of the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AGTR1) gene are associated with essential hypertension and cardiovascular disease, but the correlation between AGTR1 A1166C polymorphism and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) remains unclear. We sought to demonstrate correlation between AGTR1 gene polymorphism and carotid atherosclerosis in a Chinese population. METHOD: A total of 150 patients diagnosed with essential hypertension were included in this study. The AGTR1 A1166C polymorphism was detected by restriction analysis of the polymerase chain reaction product with Ddel digestion. Carotid IMT was measured by B-mode ultrasonography. RESULTS: The AC genotype frequency and the C1166 allele frequency of the AGTR1 gene in essential hypertensive patients were significantly higher than in controls (22.00% vs. 6.00% for AC, p < 0.01; 18.67% vs. 8.00% for the C allele, p < 0.05). Hypertensive subjects with the AC genotype had increased carotid artery IMT and IMT/D (common carotid artery diameter) ratio compared with the AA genotype (IMT 1.14 +/- 0.39 vs. 0.88 +/- 0.16, p < 0.05; IMT/D 14.08 +/- 2.88 vs. 10.51 +/- 1.94, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the AGTR1 A1166C polymorphism is associated with essential hypertension and carotid atherosclerosis in a Chinese population.     

A1166C polymorphism of the angiotensin AT1 receptor (AT1R) gene alters endothelial response to statin treatment.

BACKGROUND: The function of vascular endothelium is influenced by several factors: low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, oxidative stress and the reninangiotensin system. METHODS: We tested the hypothesis that polymorphisms A1166C of the angiotensin AT1 receptor (AT1R) gene, C242T and A640G of the pphox22 gene (p22 phox is an essential component of NADH/NADPH oxidases) and G894T of the endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS) gene influence endothelial function and its reaction to statin treatment. In 44 patients with coronary artery disease or hypercholesterolemia (not on lipid-lowering treatment), lipid profile and endothelial function (brachial artery flow-mediated dilation, FMD) were measured at baseline and after treatment with statins for 8-12 weeks. All subjects were genotyped for the above-mentioned polymorphisms. RESULTS: None of the polymorphisms significantly predicted baseline FMD. Patients with the C allele of A1166C showed smaller changes in FMD in comparison with patients with the AA genotype (-0.044+/-0.439% vs. 0.386+/-0.599%; p=0.016). None of the other polymorphisms significantly influenced changes in FMD. CONCLUSIONS: The C allele of AT1R A1166C is associated with significantly lower endothelial response to statin treatment.     

E-选择素基因多态性与新疆维吾尔族、汉族原发性高血压相关性研究

【目的】探讨E一选择素基因rs5361A／C、rs5355C／T两个等位基因多态性与新疆维吾尔族、汉族原发性高血压之间的相关性。【方法】选择新疆维吾尔族、汉族原发性高血压患者309例和368例,同时选取维吾尔族、汉族正常对照组300例和349例,采用TaqMan探针法对E选择素基因的2个等位基因多态性rs5361A／C、rs5355c／T进行检测。【结果】新疆维吾尔族、汉族原发性高血压组与正常对照组中rs5361A／C基因多态性均存在显著差异（P〈0．01）,而新疆维吾尔族、汉族原发性高血压组与正常对照组中rs5355C／T基因多态性均无显著差异（P〉0．05）。【结论]E一选择素基因rs5355C／T等位基因多态性与新疆维吾尔族、汉族原发性高血压均无显著相关性,E一选择素基因rs5361C／T等位基因多态性与新疆维吾尔族、汉族原发性高血压均显著相关,E一选择素基因rs5361等位基因CC型可能是新疆维吾尔族和汉族原发性高血压病的独立致病因素。     

血管紧张素转化酶及血管紧张素Ⅱ-1型受体基因多态性与高血压相关性

目的 探讨血管紧张素转化酶(ACE)基因插入/缺失(I/D)多态性、血管紧张素Ⅱ-1型受体(AT1R)基因A1166C多态性与原发性高血压(EH)的相关性,以及多种危险因素与EH的关系.方法 选取125例健康者(对照组)和148例EH患者(EH组)作为研究对象作问卷调查、医学体检和血液生化项目检测,应用聚合酶链反应(PCR)技术检测研究对象ACE基因的I/D多态性;应用PCR、限制性内切酶酶切的方法检测AT1R基因A1166C多态性,并用Logistic回归筛选高血压的危险因素.结果 EH组和对照组的DD基因型频率和D等位基因频率差异均不显著.EH组的AC基因型频率23.0%,C等位基因频率11.5%,均显著高于对照组的12.8%和6.4%.EH组ACE基因DD型+AT1R基因AC型联合基因型频率7.4%,显著高于对照组的1.6%.多因素Logistic回归结果表明,EH的危险因素主要有BMI、EH家族史和DD+AC联合基因型.结论 ACE基因D等位基因可能与EH发病无关联;AT1R基因A1166C多态性可能是EH的重要遗传因素;DD+AC联合基因型对EH的发病有显著的联合促进作用.     

E-选择素基因rs3917422A和rs5355C位点多态性与哈尼族原发性高血压相关性研究

目的探讨E-选择素基因rs3917422A＼C和rs5355C＼T位点多态性与哈尼族原发性高血压的关系。方法采用PCR测序技术,对云南哈尼族172例原发性高血压患者和133例正常对照的B选择素基因rs3917422A、C和rs5355C＼T的错义突变进行检测。结果在哈尼族中未发现有rs3917422A多态存在,发现rs5355C基因有多态存在。rs5355C等位基因频率在原发性高血压组中为10．5％,正常对照组中为13．2％,两组之间无显著性差异（P=0．311,P〉0．05）。结论哈尼族中E-选择素基因无rs3917422A多态基因存在,而多态性基因rs5355C基因频率分布是原发性高血压组低与正常对照组,其多态性与哈尼族原发性高血压成负相关,两组之间无显著性差异。     

血管紧张素Ⅱ1型受体A1166C多态性与高血压左心室肥厚的相关性研究

目的 探讨血管紧张素Ⅱ1型受体（AT1R）A1166C多态性与高血压及高血压左心室肥厚的关系。方法 选取249例原发性高血压患者进行超声心动图检查和AT1RA1166C多态性测定。结果 AA基因型患者收缩压较AC＋CC基因型高，差异具有显著性（P=0．006）；舒张压具有同样趋势（P=0．342）。高血压人群中，AA基因型与AC＋CC基因型相比，左心室内径、室间隔厚度、左心室后壁厚度、左心室质量及左心室质量指数差异均无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论 中国原发性高血压人群中，AT1R基因A1166C多态性AA基因型可能与血压升高有关；可能与中国人群原发性高血压左心室肥厚无关。     

Renin-angiotensin system gene polymorphisms, blood pressure, dyslipidemia, and diabetes in Hong Kong Chinese: a significant association of tne ACE insertion/deletion polymorphism with type 2 diabetes

OBJECTIVE: In Chinese populations, hypertension is common and is a major risk factor for cerebrovascular and coronary heart disease, particularly when associated with diabetes. The clustering of these disorders and dyslipidemia and obesity is termed the metabolic syndrome and is increasing in prevalence in the populations of modernizing Asian nations. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) helps maintain blood pressure and salt homeostasis and may play a role in the pathogenesis of aspects of the metabolic syndrome. We investigated three RAS gene polymorphisms--the ACE insertion/deletion (I/D), angiotensinogen (AGT) M235T, and angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) A1166C polymorphisms--for a possible role in modulating these disorders in 853 Chinese subjects with varying components of the metabolic syndrome. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The three gene polymorphisms of this cross-sectional study were detected using polymerase chain reaction-based protocols. The genotype frequencies were compared between the controls (n = 119) and both overlapping and nonoverlapping groups of patients with type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia using chi2 test. Differences in levels of the biochemical parameters between the genotypes were determined using analysis of variance. RESULTS: No significant relationship was identified between these polymorphisms and blood pressure in this population. Although the AT1RA1166C polymorphism was not associated with any aspect of the metabolic syndrome examined, there was limited evidence to suggest that the AGT M235T polymorphism may be associated with cholesterol levels. The ACE I allele was significantly more frequent in each group comprising subjects with type 2 diabetes/glucose intolerance (GIT), and the I allele was associated with higher fasting plasma glucose levels. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that these polymorphisms are unlikely to be involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension. The ACE I/D polymorphism was associated with the metabolic syndrome, having a higher frequency of I allele-containing genotypes in those groups, but this appeared to result predominantly from the relationship with type 2 diabetes/GIT in this population of Chinese subjects.     

Association of the C-344T polymorphism of CYP11B2 gene with essential hypertension in Hani and Yi minorities of China

BACKGROUND: Aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of aldosterone. Recently, a C-344T polymorphism in the promoter region of the CYP11B2 gene has been reported to be in association with high blood pressure. We investigated the association between this polymorphism and essential hypertension in Hani (n=305 individuals) and Yi (n=233 individuals) minorities of China. METHODS: CYP11B2 genotyping with polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was performed in 267 normotensive subjects and 271 essential hypertensive subjects. At the same time, the T(-344)C polymorphism detection in 33 subjects was also performed by sequencing. RESULT: The frequency of CYP11B2 C-344T genotype in normotensive controls and essential hypertensive cohort in Hani population were TT: 0.729 vs. 0.610; CT + CC: 0.271 vs. 0.390, respectively. The frequency of CYP11B2 C-344T genotype in normotensive controls and essential hypertensive cohort in Yi population were TT: 0.612 vs. 0.475; CT + CC: 0.388 vs. 0.525, respectively. The frequency of CC + CT genotype in the essential hypertensive group was significantly higher than that in the normotensive controls in both Hani and Yi populations (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The -344C allele of the CYP11B2 may play a role in genetic predisposition to developing essential hypertension in Hani and Yi minorities of China.     

血管紧张素Ⅱ1型受体基因A1166C多态性与慢性心力衰竭的相关性研究

目的 研究血管紧张素Ⅱ1型受体(AT1R)基因A1166C多态性与慢性心力衰竭的相关性.方法 采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)技术检测135例慢性心力衰竭患者和121例正常对照者的AT1R基因A1166C位点的基因型.结果 病例组AA、AC、CC基因型频率为87.6%、12.4%、0,等位基因频率为93.8%、6.2%;正常对照组AA、AC、CC基因型频率为87.6%、11.6%、0.8%,等位基因频率为93.6%、6.4%;病例组基因型及等位基因频率与正常对照组比较差异均无统计学意义(均P＞0.05).结论AT1R基因A1166C多态性与慢性心力衰竭无关.     

血管紧张素Ⅱ—1型受体基因多态性与宁夏汉族原发性高血压病的相关性研究

目的：研究血管紧张素Ⅱ-1型受体（angiogenesis Ⅱ type1,ATlR）基因A1166C多态性与宁夏自治区汉族原发性高血压病（essential hypertension,EH）的关系。方法：采用多聚酶链式反应（polymerase chain reaction,PCR）结合限制性片段长度多态性（restriction fragment length poly orphism,RFLP）方法检测160例原发性高血压病患者（EH组）和176例血压值正常者（对照组）的外周血白细胞DNAAT1R（A1166C）的基因多态性,统计分析该位点不同基因型及等位基因频率在EH组和对照组中的分布。结果：AA、AC和CC基因型分布频率在EH组中分别为93．1％、6．3％和0．6％;在对照组中分别为87．5％、11．4％和1．1％,2组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;A1166与1166C等位基因频率在EH组中分别为96．3％和3．8％;在对照组中分别为93．2％和6．8％2组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论：AT1R基因A1166C多态位点分子变异与宁夏自治区汉族易感原发性高血压病无显著相关性。     

Polymorphism of vascular angiotensin II receptor gene and cardiovascular disorders

AIM: To study polymorphism of the gene of vascular angiotensin II receptor. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Polymorphism that consists in variability of adenine (A) and cytosine (C) residues at position 1166 of the gene for vascular angiotensin II receptor (AT1R) was analyzed in a Moscow population (n = 98) and three groups of affected patients with myocardial infarction (n = 32, MI), left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH, n = 38) and essential hypertension (EH, n = 178). Polymorphic region of the AT1R gene was amplified using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and genomic DNAs from human whole blood as template. PCR products were electrophoresied in a gel after digestion with BstDEI restriction nuclease. Significance of differences in distribution of both allele and genotype frequencies at the population sample and in affected patients were estimated via exact Fisher's test. RESULTS: A significant decrease in the frequency of the A genotype was detected in all the three affected groups compared to healthy controls. Besides, the frequency of the A allele was significantly decreased in EH group with a corresponding increase in the frequency of both the AC genotype and the C allele. CONCLUSION: The A1166C polymorphism of the AT1R gene is associated with EH, MI and LVH in a Moscow population. The association is stronger with EH. The A allele and the AA genotype protect against development of disorders at early onset while the other genotypes and the C-allele are risk factors. A protective role of the AA genotype is more significant than predisposition action of the CC homozygote.     

Gene loci and polymorphisms of angiotensin II receptor]

The gene encoding angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1) is mapped on 3q21-q25 region, and a polymorphism, A1166C, is located at 3'untranslated region (UTR). A1166C is associated with increased risk for hypertension, aortic stiffness, left ventricular hypertrophy and diabetic nephropathy, and synergistically increases the risk for ischemic heart disease with DD polymorphism of angiotensin converting enzyme gene. However, these results were still in controversy. On the other hand, the gene encoding angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2) gene is mapped on Xq22-q23 region, and a polymorphism, C3123A, is identified at 3'UTR of AT2 gene. However, any significant association with C3123A has not been obtained in case control studies yet.     

Haplotype-based case-control study of the human AGTR1 gene and essential hypertension in Han Chinese subjects

ObjectivesEssential hypertension is considered to be a multifactorial trait resulting from the combined influence of environmental and genetic determinants. The aim of the study is to assess the association between the human AGTR1 gene and essential hypertension (EH) using a haplotype-based case-control study in Han Chinese subjects.Design and methodsSeven tag SNPs and the A1166C polymorphism of the AGTR1 gene were genotyped in 510 hypertension subjects and 510 normotensive subjects using PCR-RFLP method.ResultsSingle SNP analyses indicated that the rs12695895 was significantly associated with hypertension, adjusted for covariates. Compared with the other haplotypes, Hap4 (AGGACTT) which carry the susceptible rs12695895 A allele was found to significantly increase the risk of EH with odds ratios equal to 1.84 (p = 0.0002).ConclusionsThe present results indicate that rs12695895 might be a genetic marker for EH and Hap4 (AGGACTT) was associated with hypertension in Han Chinese population.     

肾素-血管紧张素系统基因多态性与冠状动脉血栓疾病

为了观察中国人群中肾素-血管紧张素系统基因多态性的分布特征，并分析这些基因多态性与冠状动脉血栓(CATD)疾病的相关性以及该基因多态性间的相互作用，采用直接聚合酶链式反应(PCR)和PCR-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR—RFLP)方法对192例冠状动脉血栓疾病患者和110例对照组个体进行血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)、血管紧张素原(AGT)和血管紧张素II I型受体(AT1R)基因的基因多态性进行检测。结果表明：①在中国人群中，ACE基因各基因型分布分别为DD12．2％、ID43．9％和II43．9％；AGT基因各基因型分布为MM8．2％，MT36．7％和TT55．1％；AT1R基因各基因型分布分别为AA91．8％和AC8．2％。②冠状动脉血栓疾病组与对照组相比，上述3种基因多态性的分布均无明显差异。③同时携带AT1R—AC和AGT—TT基因型的个体，与AT1R—AA和AGT—TT基因型个体相比，罹患CATD的相对危险度达到3．517(95％C10．988—12．527)；与AC基因型和非TT基因型个体相比，罹患CATD的危险性可增加至15．000(95％CI 1．940—115．963)；在AT1R—AC基因型个体，等位基因D在CATD组和对照组的分布亦存在有明显的差异(P=0．017)。结论：我国人群ACE基因I／D多态性、AGT基因M235T多态性和ATlR基因A1166C多态性各基因型和等位基因的分布明显不同于西方人群；上述3种基因多态性不是我国人群冠状动脉血栓疾病或心肌梗塞的独立的危险因素。但AT1R基因AC基因型与AGT基因TT基因型、AT1R基因AC基因型和ACE基因等位基因D在罹患冠状动脉血栓疾病的危险性上有显著的协同作用。     

牡丹江地区汉族及朝鲜族高血压人群中G蛋白133亚单位825C／T的多态性

背景：G蛋白B3亚单位825C／T基因多态性与朝鲜族人群原发性岛血压是否存在关系尚无报道。目的：研究牡丹江地区朝鲜族、汉族高血压患者C825T基因的多态性。方法：纳入2008-09／2010-08在牡丹江市朝鲜民族医院内科就诊的原发性高m压患者224例作为病例组,同时选取同时期的门诊体检的健康者196例作为对照。用PCR．RFLP检测G蛋白B3亚尊他基凶C825T多念性,观察TT,CT,CC基因型频率及等位基因频率。结果与结论：PCR．RFLP检测结果显示牡丹江地区朝鲜族高血压患者与朝鲜族健康人TT,CT,CC基因型频率差异无显著性意义（P〉0．05）;T,C等位基因频率差异有显著忡意义（尸〈0．05）。而牡坩江地区汉族人群中TT,CT,CC基因型分布在高血压人群和正常人群差异有显著性意义（P〈0．05）,而T,C等位基因频率幕异无疑著性意义（P〉005）。朝鲜族高血压组等位艟因C的比例较高,而汉族高血压组等位基因T的比例较高,存在民族异质性。提永G蚩白β3亚单位基因C825T多态性与牡丹江地区朝鲜族高血压无关联,但其是牡丹江地区汉族高血压的危险凶素。