后Tenon囊下注射曲安奈德治疗黄斑水肿对眼压的影响

目的：研究后Tenon囊下注射20mg曲安奈德（TA）治疗黄斑水肿后的眼压变化及眼压升高的影响因素。方法：黄斑水肿患者46例46眼,病因为糖尿病性视网膜病变16例,年龄相关性黄斑变性13例,视网膜静脉栓塞11例,后葡萄膜炎6例,均行后Tenon囊下注射20mgTA。注射前测量眼压,并于注射后2wk;1,2,3,4,5,6mo随访观察眼压变化。结果：患者46例术后2wk;1,2,3,4,5,6mo平均眼压较术前均有升高。术后3mo时,平均眼压达最高值（19.22±6.86）mmHg,有17例（37%）患者IOP〉21mmHg。术后2wk;1,2,3,4,5mo眼压与术前比较,差别有统计学意义（值分别为3.747,5.836,5.982,5.866,4.202,3.246,均P〈0.05）,术后6mo眼压与术前比较,差别无统计学意义（t=1.446,P〉0.05）。年轻、基础眼压高是后Tenon囊下注射曲安奈德后继发性眼压升高的危险因素（χ2值分别为5.599,10.323,均P〈0.05）,而性别、病因与后Tenon囊下注射曲安奈德后继发性眼压升高没有相关性（χ2值分别为0.022,0.050,均P〉0.05）。结论：后Tenon囊下注射20mg曲安奈德,引起眼压升高较为常见,在注射后3mo时眼压升高最为明显,注射后6mo时回落至基础眼压水平。年轻、基础眼压高是继发性眼压升高的危险因素。注射后进行最短为期6mo的眼压随访是非常必要的,尤其是对于年轻患者及基础眼压高的患者。     

Ozurdex治疗视网膜静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿的疗效及视觉相关生存质量分析

目的:研究地塞米松玻璃体内植入剂(Ozurdex)治疗视网膜静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿(RVO-ME)的临床疗效、并发症及对视功能相关生存质量的影响。方法:选取2018-02/2019-02我院收治的RVO-ME初治患者30例30眼,其中视网膜中央静脉阻塞(CRVO)13眼,视网膜分支静脉阻塞(BRVO)17眼,均接受玻璃体腔注射Ozurdex治疗,随访6mo。对比分析患者治疗前,治疗后1wk,1、2、3、4、5、6mo后患者最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、眼压(IOP)、黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度(CMT),以及治疗3mo后视觉相关生存质量表(CVRQoL-25)的评分变化,观察药物疗效、不良反应和评估患者视觉相关生存质量。结果:不同时间点BCVA、CMT、IOP均有差异(P<0.001)。与治疗前相比,所有患眼治疗后各时间点的BCVA均较治疗前提高,CMT均较治疗前下降(P<0.001)。与治疗前相比,治疗后2mo时BCVA、CMT变化最大(P<0.001)。治疗3mo后CVRQoL-25总分均值较治疗前提高,此时BCVA较治疗前提高,CMT较治疗前降低(P<0.01)。CVRQoL-25评分与患者治疗前和治疗3mo后BCVA(LogMAR)均呈负相关(r_s=-0.717、-0.746,均P<0.001);CVRQoL-25评分与治疗3mo后CMT呈负相关性(r_s=-0.862,P=0.001)。黄斑水肿复发19眼(63%),复发时间为1~3(平均2.8±0.5)mo,6mo内平均注射次数约2.3±0.4次。患者注射1wk、1、2、3mo后眼压均较注射前升高(P<0.05)。所有患者注射2mo后的眼压达到平均眼压峰值,较注射前平均增高7.85±0.32mmHg(P<0.05),4mo后眼压可逐渐降至正常。随访期间有3眼(10%)出现眼压增高,超过25mmHg,通过局部用药即可控制,无需手术治疗。4眼(13%)出现白内障,其中2眼需要手术治疗。结论:Ozurdex在短期内可有效提高RVO-ME患者视力,降低黄斑中心凹厚度,同时可明显改善患者视功能相关生存质量。单次玻璃体腔植入Ozurdex可获得持续2~3mo的视力改善,63%患眼在注射后约3mo时ME复发,眼压增高和白内障仍是其主要的不良反应。     

曲安奈德玻璃体腔注射治疗黄斑水肿

目的评价玻璃体腔注射曲安奈德治疗黄斑水肿的疗效和安全性。方法回顾性分析玻璃体腔注射曲安奈德治疗黄斑水肿35例45眼,其中由糖尿病视网膜病变引起的弥漫性黄斑水肿15例25眼,由视网膜静脉阻塞引起者20例20眼。通过眼部检查(眼压、裂隙灯显微镜、双目间接检眼镜)、眼底荧光血管造影和光相干断层扫描证实有黄斑水肿。所有病例均按照标准的玻璃体腔注射操作方法,进行玻璃体腔一次性注射40g.L-1曲安奈德混悬液0.1mL。术后定期复查,随访6个月。主要观察指标包括:视力、眼压、黄斑区视网膜平均厚度、眼内炎症反应及晶状体改变。结果随访期末,所有患者中5眼视力无变化,1眼视力下降,39眼视力有不同程度的提高。注射后最后一次复查时视力:静脉阻塞组平均视力为0.35±0.23,与治疗前0.15±0.11相比,差异有统计学意义(t=2.671,P<0.05);糖尿病组平均视力为0.26±0.21,与治疗前0.12±0.08相比,差异亦有统计学意义(t=2.786,P<0.05)。所有患者治疗后黄斑水肿均减轻或者消退,但有3眼治疗后4～6个月出现黄斑水肿复发,1眼给予再次曲安奈德注射,黄斑水肿消退。15眼治疗后出现眼压升高至21mmHg(1kPa=7.5mmHg)以上,给予降眼压药物后眼压得以控制。有1眼白内障明显进展。结论玻璃体腔注射曲安奈德可有效治疗因视网膜静脉阻塞或糖尿病引起的黄斑水肿,但是其远期疗效有待进一步观察,一过性眼压升高是其最常见的不良反应。     

玻璃体腔注射曲安奈德治疗糖尿病性视网膜病变黄斑水肿

目的:研究玻璃体腔注射曲安奈德(triamcinolone ace-tonide,TA)治疗糖尿病视网膜病变黄斑水肿的有效性。方法:2004-06/2006-01确诊的31例(34眼)糖尿病性视网膜病变黄斑水肿患者,行玻璃体腔注射TA(4mg/0.1mL)治疗。对比分析治疗前后三个参数:最佳矫正视力、OCT检测黄斑中心凹厚度、眼压。随访时间3～10(平均6)mo。结果:患者31例(34眼),年龄50～75(平均63)岁。OCT检测黄斑中心凹厚度治疗前平均518±95μm,治疗随访6mo后平均220±89μm(P<0.05);最佳矫正视力范围治疗前为4.0～4.5,平均4.0±0.15,治疗后为4.1～4.6,平均4.3±0.15(P>0.05);所有患者眼压都有升高,升高值2.0～4.5(平均3.5)mmHg(P>0.05),但都在正常眼压范围之内。没有其他并发症发生。结论:玻璃体腔注射TA是治疗糖尿病性视网膜病变黄斑水肿的有效方法,但患者的视力没有明显的提高。     

经皮肤球后注射曲安奈德治疗黄斑水肿的初步临床观察

目的:评价经皮肤球后注射曲安奈德(triamcinolone ace-tonide,TA),治疗多种原因引起的黄斑水肿的疗效及安全性。方法:选择多种原因所致的黄斑水肿患者22眼,其中视网膜静脉阻塞13眼、湿性年龄相关性黄斑变性4眼、糖尿病性视网膜病变3眼,其他原因2眼。入选患者治疗前均行视力、眼压、眼底和黄斑光学相干断层扫描(OCT)检查。确诊后给予球后注射TA40mg,其中有6眼重复给药1次,其间隔时间平均为59.50±7.73d;有2眼重复给药2次,其间隔时间为56d。于用药后1,2,3mo对比观察用药前后的视力、眼压、眼底及OCT检测的黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度变化情况。结果:22眼中除5眼视力无变化外,其余眼视力均有不同程度提高。OCT显示:仅注射1次的14眼给药后1mo时黄斑中心凹平均厚度较治疗前降低248.00±178.66μm与治疗前比较有显著差异(P<0.01)。注射两次的6眼,第1次给药后1mo时黄斑中心凹平均厚度较治疗前降低147.33±148.11μm(P<0.05),第2次用药后1mo时黄斑中心凹平均厚度较治疗前降低389.16±239.06μm(P<0.05);给药3次的2眼治疗前黄斑中心凹平均厚度548μm,第2次用药后1mo时黄斑中心凹平均厚度460.5μm,第3次用药后1d时黄斑中心凹平均厚度394.5μm,由于样本量少未行统计学分析。眼压:仅注射1次的14眼,虽然治疗前与治疗1d时比较平均眼压升高的差值有统计学意义(P<0.05),但眼压均在正常值以内;给药2、3次的眼压均未超过正常值且眼压升高的差值无统计学意义。结论:经皮肤球后注射曲安奈德治疗多种原因引起的黄斑水肿具有一定疗效,并且安全、可操作性强,重复注射可加强疗效且未增加眼压升高的危险。     

玻璃体腔内注射曲安奈德治疗黄斑水肿的临床疗效观察

目的:评价玻璃体腔内注射曲安奈德(TA)治疗黄斑水肿的疗效和安全性。方法:纳入45例50眼有黄斑持续水肿的病史,分为两组:TA组:23例25眼,接受玻璃体腔注射4mg(0.1mL)曲安奈德;对照组:22例25眼,接受黄斑格栅状光凝术,两组随访时间为6mo,分析两组治疗前及治疗后的最佳矫正视力、光学相干断层扫描检测黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度、10～2阈值检测程序行视野检查、及眼压的变化情况。结果:TA组在治疗后1、3mo平均最佳矫正视力、平均黄斑阈值敏感度、中心10°平均光敏感度比对照组值高,平均黄斑中心凹厚度比对照组值低(P<0.05),6moTA组的平均黄斑阈值敏感度高于对照组(P<0.05),其余三项指标均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。TA组治疗后14眼(56%)先后出现不同程度的高眼压,对照组患者治疗后发现有2眼(8%)(均为视网膜中央静脉阻塞)眼压升高现象,两组比较高眼压发生率有显著性差异(P=0.000),局部应用降眼压药物治疗可恢复至正常范围,其中部分高眼压患者需全身用药。结论:玻璃体腔内注射TA治疗黄斑水肿在0.5a内安全有效。     

玻璃体切除联合曲安奈德玻璃体注射治疗增殖期糖尿病视网膜病变

目的：观察玻璃体切除联合曲安奈德玻璃体腔注射治疗增殖期糖尿病视网膜病变的疗效。

方法：对45例47眼增殖期糖尿病视网膜病变行玻璃体切除联合曲安奈德注射液2mg玻璃体腔注射治疗,观察术中术后并发症情况以及术后视力、眼压、黄斑中心凹厚度变化情况。

结果：术中并发症：有7眼(15%)发生医源性裂孔,有13眼(28%)发生视网膜出血; 术后并发症：13眼(28%)发现曲安奈德进入前房,有9眼(19%)前房积血,有6眼(13%)发生眼底出血; 术后视力：术后3mo 有35眼(74%)视力较术前提高(P<0.05),术后6mo有27眼(57%)视力较术前明显提高(P<0.05); 术后眼压：术后第7d,1、3、6mo时眼压分别为23.47±5.21、26.58±6.35、19.12±5.76、17.43±4.91mmHg,与术前眼压16.32±4.64mmHg比较、术后第7d,1mo差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),术后3、6mo差异无统计学意义(P>0.05); 术后第7d,1、3、6mo时黄斑中央凹厚度分别是404.05±89.71、277.14±41.25、254.82±33.64、226.49±28.57μm,与术前黄斑中央凹厚度433.51±101.02μm比较,术后第7d时差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),术后1、3、6mo时差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

结论：玻璃体切割联合曲安奈德2mg玻璃体腔内注射能减轻黄斑水肿,改善视功能,是治疗增生型糖尿病视网膜病变的有效方法。     

玻璃体腔内注射Bevacizumab治疗视网膜新生血管性眼压改变

目的 初步探讨玻璃体腔内注射Bevacizumab治疗视网膜新生血管性疾病术后早期眼压变化.方法 对13例(18眼)视网膜新生血管性疾病,其中年龄相关性黄斑变性(10例,12眼)、糖尿病视网膜病变(3例,6眼),所有患者分别在第0周,6周,12周行玻璃体腔内注射Bevacizumab 1.25mg.在注射前后5min,30min,1h,2h进行眼压检查.结果 以0周注射为例,5min,30min,1h,2h内眼压分别为(18.7±5.4)mmHg、(18.1±5.3)mmHg、(17.3±5.4)mmHg,与注射前平均眼压(14.6±4.1)mmHg相比差异有统计学意义(t值分别为2.81、3.45、2.63,P值均<0.05).而随访的2h平均眼压降为(15.6±5.8)mmHg,与注射前相比差异无统计学意义(t=0.15,P>0.5).在总共48次注射中,注射后眼压监测5min时IOP值高于正常眼压值(IOP>21mmHg)的百分率为41.7%,30min时高于正常眼压值的百分率为22.9%,而在1h内85.4%,2h内91.7%的眼压测量值恢复正常.结论 玻璃体腔内注射Bevacizumab治疗视网膜新生血管性疾病早期眼压(5min)呈现短暂升高后下降,术后2h可作为门诊玻璃体腔内注射Bevacizumab早期眼压监测时间点.     

康柏西普治疗湿性年龄相关性黄斑变性后黄斑区视网膜结构的变化

目的:采用光学相干断层扫描(OCT)观察康柏西普治疗湿性年龄相关性黄斑变性(wARMD)后黄斑区视网膜结构的变化。方法:选取2018-05/10本院收治的wARMD患者21例23眼为研究对象,均进行连续3mo、每月1次玻璃体内注射康柏西普治疗。末次注射后随访6mo,观察最佳矫正视力(BCVA)和眼压的变化,并采用OCT检查观察黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度(CFT)、黄斑中心凹旁视网膜厚度(PMT)和脉络膜新生血管(CNV)面积。结果:治疗后6mo,本组患者治疗有效21眼(91%),稳定2眼(9%)。治疗后1、3、6mo,本组患者BCVA较治疗前明显改善,CFT、PMT和CNV面积较治疗前明显下降(均P<0.05),而眼压无明显变化(P>0.05)。随访期间仅2眼(9%)出现短暂视物模糊、1眼(4%)眼压升高(>21mmHg)、1眼(4%)球结膜下出血,均于末次注射康柏西普后7d内恢复。结论:康柏西普治疗wARMD能显著改善视力及黄斑区视网膜结构,治疗效果佳,且副作用少,安全性高。     

曲安奈德玻璃体腔注射治疗视网膜静脉阻塞和糖尿病视网膜病变继发黄斑水肿分析

目的 观察玻璃体腔注射曲安奈德(TA)治疗视网膜静脉阻塞(RVO)继发黄斑水肿和糖尿病性黄斑水肿的疗效以及二者疗效比较.方法 对经间接检眼镜、荧光素眼底血管造影(FFA)以及光学相干断层扫描(OCT)检查确诊的RVO继发黄斑水肿患者91例91只眼,其中中央视网膜静脉阻塞(CR-VO)55只眼(缺血型13只眼,非缺血型42只眼),分支视网膜静脉阻塞(BRVO)36只眼(缺血型10只眼,非缺血26眼).糖尿病性黄斑水肿患者67例73只眼,非增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变(PPDR)17只眼,增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变(PDR)56只眼,行TA玻璃体腔注射,治疗后随访3月至1年,对比分析术前术后的视力、眼底、FFA表现,观察OCT显示黄斑水肿高度.结果 最终随访RVO组视力提高者48只眼(52.7%),视力不变者39只眼(42.9%),视力下降者4只眼(4.40%).OCT形态恢复正常者50只眼(54.9%),改善者27只眼(29.7%),无改善者14只眼(15.4%).DR组视力提高者25(34.2%)只眼,,视力不变者45只眼(61.6%),视力下降者3只眼(4.11%).OCT形态恢复正常者24只眼(32.9%),改善者22只眼(30.1%),无改善者27只眼(37.0%).两组有效率行统计学分析,有显著性差异.RVO组24只眼术后出现一过性眼压升高,一眼白内障,一眼眼内炎,8只眼2次注射.DR组14眼术后出现一过性眼压升高,2只眼白内障,9只眼2次注射.结论 玻璃体腔注射TA是一种安全有效的治疗视网膜静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿和糖尿病性黄斑水肿的方法,治疗视网膜静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿的疗效好于糖尿病性黄斑水肿.     

Changes of intraocular pressure after intravitreal injection of 4mg triamcinolone acetonide in treatment of macular edema

AIM: To investigate the changes of intraocular pressure (IOP) and associated factors of IOP elevation after 4mg intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) in treatment of macular edema. ·METHODS: The study is prospective, consecutive, and non-comparative interventional case series including 93 eyes with macular edema associated with retinal vein occlusion ( =54 eyes) or diabetic retinopathy ( =39 eyes), which received 4mg IVTA injection. The change in IOP was followed for all cases at pre-operation and 14 days, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 months post-operation. Associated factors of IOP elevation were examined regarding baseline IOP, causal disease, age and gender. ·RESULTS: IOP increased significantly ( <0.001) at 14 days 16.02 ± 2.45mmHg after injection and peaked at 18.80 ± 6.20mmHg at 2 months post-injection ( <0.001) from 14.85± 2.55 mmHg preoperatively. An IOP rise to the value higher than 21mmHg was observed in 2 (2.2%) eyes 14 days after injection and which was observed in 14 (15.1%), 18 (19.5%), 9(9.6%), 4(4.3%), 0, and 0 eyes respectively at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 months after injection. One eye (1.07%) showed pressure elevation of over 5mmHg than baseline 14 days after injection and IOP peaked to 22mmHg (23.7%) at 2 months after injection. Five (5.3%) eyes had an increase of 10mmHg at 1 month and IOP peaked to 12mmHg (12.9%) at 2 months after injection. The rise in IOP was statistically associated with younger age (correlation coefficient -0.18- -0.29, <0.05), high baseline IOP (correlation coefficient 0.52-0.79, all <0.001), and the presence of diabetes mellitus (correlation coefficient 0.23, <0.001) but independent of gender (correlation coefficient -0.002-0.04, all >0.05). In all eyes, IOP could be lowered to the normal range with topical medication, without development of glaucomatous optic nerve head changes. ·CONCLUSION: Elevated IOP after 4mg IVTA injection is common and patients should be monitored beyond 6 months post-injection. In all the cases, IOP can be normalized by topical medication. Patients with high baseline IOP, diabetic retinopathy, and younger age should be carefully monitored for an elevated IOP.     

Secondary ocular hypertension after intravitreal injection of 4 mg of triamcinolone acetonide: incidence and risk factors

PURPOSE: To analyze the incidence of secondary ocular hypertension (SOH) after intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) injection and its risk predictors. METHODS: Retrospective review of charts for 219 consecutive patients receiving a 4-mg IVTA injection. RESULTS: One hundred fifty eyes of 150 patients who were followed for at least 3 months and met inclusion criteria were considered. Main indications for IVTA injection were neovascular age-related macular degeneration (79 eyes [52.7%]), choroidal neovascularization due to other etiologies (22 eyes [14.7%]), diabetic macular edema (14 eyes [9.3%]), central retinal vein occlusion (12 eyes [8.0%]), and branch retinal vein occlusion (8 eyes [5.3%]). SOH defined as intraocular pressure (IOP) of >or=21 mmHg was recorded for 32.0% of injected eyes at some point during a mean follow-up of 7.7 months. There was no association between SOH and age, sex, arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, indication for IVTA injection, prior cataract surgery, or concurrent photodynamic therapy. Although previous pars plana vitrectomy did not influence risk, peak IOP was lower in vitrectomized eyes (P = 0.044). Prior diagnosis of glaucoma was a significant risk factor for SOH (relative risk = 2.17; P = 0.004). In nonglaucomatous eyes, baseline IOP of >or=16 mmHg was associated with a higher risk of SOH (relative risk = 2.31; P = 0.003). Baseline IOPs of <12 mmHg, 12-14 mmHg, 15-17 mmHg, 18-20 mmHg, and >20 mmHg were associated with incidences of SOH of 11.1%, 25.4%, 40.0%, 46.2%, and 50.0% (P = 0.01), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: A 4-mg IVTA injection was associated with SOH in 32.0% of treated eyes. The risk of SOH was higher in eyes with previous glaucoma and higher baseline IOP. Peak IOP after IVTA injection was lower in vitrectomized eyes. Risk factor analysis may permit better individualization of the risk-benefit ratio for IVTA injection.     

Triamcinolone-induced intraocular pressure elevation: intravitreal injection for macular edema and posterior subtenon injection for uveitis

PURPOSE: To assess the effect of intravitreal and posterior subtenon injections of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) on intraocular pressure (IOP). METHODS: we reviewed 42 consecutive eyes after intravitreal TA injection (IVTA) and 43 eyes following posterior subtenon TA injection (PSTA). All cases had a minimum follow-up time of three months. After injection, the value and time of the maximal IOP, the amount of IOP elevation and the needs of the medication were assessed. RESULTS: The lOP increased significantly (p < 0.001) from 16.3 +/- 2.5 mmHg preoperatively to a mean maximum of 21.7 +/- 5.3 mmHg in the IVTA group, and from 15.3 +/- 4.5 mmHg to 20.6 +/- 3.0 mmHg in the PSTA group. An elevation in the IOP of more than 5 mmHg from the baseline lOP was seen in 52.4% of the IVTA group at a mean time of 3.1 weeks postoperatively, and 44.2% of the PSTA group displayed an IOP elevation at 5.9 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: Both developed significant elevations of IOP, but this appeared at a later date in the PSTA group. Careful follow-up after local injection of steroids is necessary.     

Triamcinolone Intravitreal Injection and Intraocular Pressure in Macular Edema Associated with Retinal Vein Occlusion

 Purpose: To study the risk factors of increased intraocular pressure (IOP) response to triamcinolone acetonide intravitreal (IVTA) injection in eyes with macular edema associated with retinal vein occlusion. Methods: Eighty-nine eyes with macular edema associated with retinal vein occlusion first received periocular injection of 40 mg triamcinolone acetonide (TA) and were followed for one month. According to the diversity of IOP after periocular TA (PTA) injection, they were divided into the elevation IOP group (group A, 26 eyes) and the normal IOP group (group B, 63 eyes). They then received 4 mg TA intravitreal injection. IOP measurements were recorded after PTA and IVTA injections, and were followed for six months. Results: Both PTA and IVTA injections caused a rise in IOP, but it was higher in the IVTA injection (40.45%) than in the PTA injection (29.21%). The mean rise in IOP was more significant in eyes with IVTA injection (28.08 ± 8.24 mmHg) than in eyes with PTA injection (20.87 ± 4.07 mmHg). Patients with an elevation IOP above 6 mmHg after PTA injection had a 73.08% chance of developing a pressure of 24 mmHg or higher, whereas only 12.70% of those with an elevation IOP below 6 mmHg after PTA injection experienced pressure elevation. Conclusion: IOP response to PTA injection is a good way to judge IOP response to IVTA. If the patient is highly sensitive to corticosteroid, treatments other than IVTA injection are used to avoid the increased risks associated with intravitreal corticosteroid injection.     

Intraocular pressure elevation after intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection

PURPOSE: This study investigated firstly the change of intraocular pressure (IOP) after injection of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) for the treatment of macular edema and secondly the factors that influence these changes. METHODS: A prospective, non-comparative study was performed in 60 patients at Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital from October 2003 to September 2004. All the patients received 4-mg IVTA injection. RESULTS: Mean IOP was elevated from the day after injection and peaked at 20.5 mmHg after 2 months (p=0.000). Twenty-six eyes (43.3%) showed significant IOP elevation. IOP was not controlled despite full glaucoma medication in 7 (11.7%) eyes. Two eyes underwent filtering surgery. Younger age was a statistically significant predictive factor for IOP elevation (p=0.009). CONCLUSIONS: In this study, patients who needed filtering surgery developed an IOP spike within one week after the injection. Therefore, clinicians should consider checking IOP at the end of the first week. Furthermore, greater cautions is mandatory with relatively younger patients.     

Efficacy of anterior chamber paracentesis after intravitreal triamcinolone injection

PURPOSE: To investigate the efficacy of anterior chamber paracentesis for intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection (IVTA). METHODS: A prospective, randomized clinical trial was conducted on 30 eyes from 30 patients scheduled for IVTA (4 mg/0.1 mL). Eyes were randomly divided into two groups: eyes that had undergone anterior chamber paracentesis (Group 1, 15 eyes) and eyes that did not have anterior chamber paracentesis (Group 2, 15 eyes). Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured by Goldmann applanation tonometry at a baseline of 2, 15, 30, and 60 minutes at 1 day and 1 week after the injection. The authors analyzed the short-term postoperative changes of the IOP in each group. RESULTS: For Group 1, the mean preoperative IOP was 15.33+/-1.72 mmHg, and the postoperative IOP at 2 and 15 minutes were 7.80+/-1.47 and 11.73+/-1.67 mmHg, respectively. For Group 2, there was a significant elevation of IOP (46.73+/-8.26 mmHg) 2 minutes after the injection, which decreased to the normal range (16.13+/-2.61 mmHg) by 15 minutes after the injection. There were no significant differences between the two groups in IOP at 15 minutes postsurgery compared with the distinct difference in IOP at 2 minutes post surgery (Student t-test, p=0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that routine anterior chamber paracentesis is inappropriate due to the brief immediate postoperative IOP elevation with IVTA.     

Intraocular pressure alterations following intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide

AIMS: To determine the prevalence of intraocular pressure (IOP) alterations following intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) and to assess possible risk factors of IOP elevation in eyes receiving single and/or repeat injections. METHODS: Retrospective, consecutive case series. 570 consecutive eyes of 536 patients who received a single IVTA injection (4 mg/0.1 ml) and a second set of 43 eyes of 40 patients who received a second injection. Retrospective review of all IVTA cases performed by three vitreoretinal surgeons over a 42 month period beginning in 2000. The main outcome measure was change in IOP defined as absolute value of IOP elevation (5 mm Hg or higher, 10 mm Hg or higher), and percentage of baseline (30% or higher increase from baseline IOP). RESULTS: Of the 528 eyes receiving single injections, 281 (53.2%) had an IOP elevation; 267 eyes (50.6%) experienced an elevation of IOP of at least 30%, and 245 (45.8%) and 75 (14.2%) eyes had an increase of 5 mm Hg or 10 mm Hg or more, respectively. Baseline IOP greater than 16 mm Hg is a risk factor for post-injection IOP elevation. Of the 43 eyes which received a second injection, 28 (65.1%) experienced an increase in IOP of at least 30% of baseline. Filtering surgery was required in five (0.094%) of the single and one (2.3%) of repeat injection eyes. CONCLUSIONS: Elevated IOP after IVTA is common and patients should be monitored beyond 6 months post-injection. Patients with a baseline IOP more than 16 mm Hg or receiving a second injection should be carefully monitored for an elevated IOP.     

Evaluation of patient age as a risk factor for intraocular pressure elevation after intravitreal triamcinolone

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of patient age on intraocular pressure (IOP) response after intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA). DESIGN: Interventional case series. METHODS: A total of 164 outpatients (164 eyes) aged 21 to 80 years (mean, 56.8 years), presenting with exudative age-related maculopathy (51) or macular edema of various etiologies (113), received IVTA (4 mg/0.1 ml). The primary outcome measure was IOP elevation >21 mm Hg. Patients were re-evaluated at one week, and one, three, and six months. RESULTS: The mean baseline IOP was 15.07 mm Hg; the mean rise was 6.6 mm Hg. IOP >21 mm Hg was observed in 42 (25.6%) patients. In the age group 相似文献   

Follow-up after intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide for diabetic macular edema

PURPOSE: To report on the follow-up of patients who received an intravitreal high-dosage injection of triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) as treatment of diffuse diabetic macular edema. METHODS: The clinical interventional case-series study included 109 eyes (90 patients) with diffuse diabetic macular edema who consecutively received an IVTA of about 20 mg. Mean follow-up was 11.2 +/- 6.2 months. RESULTS: Visual acuity improved significantly (p<0.001) from 0.89 +/- 0.33 logMAR to a best minimum of 0.65 +/- 0.35 logMAR. An increase in best visual acuity by at least 1 Snellen line, 2 lines, and 3 lines was found in 91 (83%) eyes, 68 (62%) eyes, and 45 (41%) eyes, respectively. Differences in visual acuity between baseline and follow-up examinations were significant for measurements performed at 1 month (p<0.001), 2 months (p<0.001), 3 months (p<0.001), and at 6 months (p=0.001) after the injection. At 9 months after the injection, mean visual acuity regressed significantly so that visual acuity at 9 months (p=0.83) and at 12 months after the injection (p=0.58) compared with baseline values did not differ significantly. Forty-seven (43%) eyes developed a rise in intraocular pressure (pressure >21 mmHg) for 6 to 8 months after the injection. No other severe complications were detected. CONCLUSIONS: The duration of a visual acuity increase and intraocular pressure rise after high-dosage IVTA in diffuse diabetic macular edema is about 6 to 8 months. Compared with data in the literature, the high-dosage IVTA may not have a markedly higher profile of side effects than low-dosage IVTA.