青光眼术后透明角膜切口晶状体超声乳化术

目的探讨青光眼术后经透明角膜切口的晶状体超声乳化吸出手术的疗效。方法对22例(22眼)青光眼术后白内障行透明角膜切口晶状体超声乳化吸出人工晶状体植入术，术后随访3．6月，观察视力、滤过泡、眼压和并发症的情况。结果22例术后视力有不同程度提高。22例滤过泡均无影响，术后眼压在正常范围。22例均有不同程度角膜水肿，用药后恢复。无角膜内皮失代偿。结论青光眼术后白内障经透明角膜切口行超声乳化吸出人工晶状体植入术效果较好。     

青光眼术后白内障晶状体超声乳化人工晶状体植入

目的 探讨青光眼术后白内障透明角膜切口晶状体超声乳化吸出术的方法及疗效评价.方法 对42例(44眼)青光眼术后白内障施行透明角膜切口晶状体超声乳化人工晶状体植入术,术后随访3～6个月,观察视力、眼压及并发症情况.结果 44眼术后视力明显提高,术后所有患者跟压控制在正常范围.结论 行透明角膜切口晶状体超声乳化吸出及人工晶状体植入术是治疗青光眼术后复杂白内障有效方法.     

超声乳化在青光眼滤过术后白内障的应用

目的:探讨超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术治疗青光眼滤过术后白内障的临床效果。方法:对35例41眼抗青光眼滤过术后白内障采用颞侧透明角膜的白内障超声乳化吸出术联合折叠人工晶状体植入术,术后观察视力、并发症、眼压和滤过泡的改变。结果:白内障术后的视力均有不同程度的提高,术后随访1～2a,眼压、滤过泡无明显改变。结论:颞侧透明角膜白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术治疗青光眼滤过术后白内障是安全有效的治疗方法。     

青光眼滤过术后白内障超声乳化吸出及人工晶状体植入术

目的观察抗青光眼滤过术后的白内障患者行白内障超声乳化吸出及折叠人工晶状体植入术的手术疗效。方法对28例(30眼)抗青光眼滤过术后的白内障,采用避开滤过泡的角巩膜缘3mm隧道切口行白内障超声乳化吸出,植入折叠式人工晶状体,术后观察视力、并发症、眼压和滤过泡的改变。结果术后29眼均有不同程度的视力提高,视力≥0.5者70%。术后随访6～18月,眼压和滤过泡无改变。30眼均植入人工晶状体,术中1眼后囊膜破裂,术后角膜内皮水肿5眼,大部分在1周内消退。结论对青光眼滤过术后白内障,采用角膜缘3mm隧道切口行白内障超声乳化吸出及折叠人工晶状体植入术,术后效果好,并发症少,不影响眼压,手术安全可靠,既可提高视力,又可保持原有的抗青光眼滤过功能。     

抗青光眼术后白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入术

目的:探讨抗青光眼术后白内障超声乳化术的疗效及手术技巧。方法:对32例(32眼)抗青光眼术后白内障患者,行透明角膜切口白内障超声乳化折叠式人工晶状体植入术。结果:32例术后视力均有不同程度的提高。术后平均眼压(15.1±3.5)mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa),手术并发症主要有角膜水肿、后囊破裂和虹膜损伤。结论:白内障超声乳化折叠式人工晶状体植入术治疗抗青光眼术后白内障可提高患者视力,同时保持滤过泡功能,不影响眼压的控制,手术安全有效。     

抗青光眼滤过术后超声乳化白内障摘除术

目的：探讨抗青光眼滤过手术后进行表明角膜缘切口超声乳化白内障摘除手术的可行性。方法：对抗青光眼小梁切除术后白内障患者32例（32只眼）、采用颞侧透明角膜隧道切口进行超声乳化白内障摘除及囊袋内人工晶状体植入手术,同时对的小瞳孔进行扩张或采用括约肌切开。结果：白内障术后患者视力不同程度提高,视力≥0．5者占68．75％;眼压正常。结论：对抗青光眼滤过术后白内障患者进行颞侧透明角膜隧道切口超声乳化白内障摘除术,可提高视力,同时可维持原滤过功能。     

青光眼术后白内障超声乳化吸出术的临床观察

目的　探讨抗青光眼滤过手术后白内障超声乳化吸出及人工晶状体植入术的手术技巧及效果。方法　对行小梁切除术后白内障患者 82眼 ,采用经颞侧透明角膜切口行超声乳化吸出及折叠式人工晶状体植入术 ,术后随访 1～ 6月 ,平均 3月。结果　术后随访所有患者视力均较术前有所提高 ,其中视力≥ 0 5者 68眼占 82 93 % ,术后平均眼压为 (14 2 2± 2 5 1)mmHg(1mmHg =0 13 3kPa)。滤过泡无瘢痕化改变。结论　把握手术时机和适应证 ,具备娴熟的晶状体超声乳化手术技巧 ,经颞侧透明角膜切口行超声乳化吸出联合人工晶状体植入术 ,在抗青光眼滤过手术后白内障的治疗上能取得良好的效果。     

青光眼术后晶状体超声乳化术的探讨

目的探讨抗青光眼术后白内障行晶状体超声乳化吸出术的手术技巧，并评价手术效果。方法对26例（32眼）青光眼术后的白内障行颞侧透明角膜切口晶状体超声乳化吸出折叠人工晶状体植入术，术后随访4-21月，观察视力、滤过泡、眼压和并发症的情况。结果有30眼（93．75％）视力有不同程度的提高；2眼术后视力无提高者系青光眼性视神经萎缩者。术后矫正视力低于0．05者3眼（9．38％），0．05～0．25者8眼（24．99％），0．3～1．0者21眼（65．63％）。所有病例术后滤过泡均无影响，术后眼压在正常范围。并发症主要为角膜水肿和虹膜炎症反应。结论青光眼术后白内障采用颞侧透明角膜切口行晶状体超声乳化吸出折叠人工晶状体植入术效果良好，并发症少，可提高视力并保持滤过泡的功能。     

抗青光眼滤过术后患者白内障超声乳化吸除及人工晶状体植入术

目的：探讨抗青光眼滤过术后白内障患者进行白内障超声乳化吸除及人工晶状体植入术的手术切口选择和临床效果。方法：32例（41只眼）青光眼滤过术后的白内障患者,采用上方透明角膜隧道切口和避开滤过泡的巩膜隧道切口行白内障超声乳化吸除,植入折叠式人工晶状体24只眼,硬性人工晶状体17只眼。结果：全部白内障术后病例视力有不同程度的提高,视力≥0．5者达75．6％。采用透明角膜隧道切口和巩膜隧道切口术后患者的眼压和滤过泡改变无差异性,术后随访平均5个月,平均眼压较术前增加1．59mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa),差异无显著性。结论：对抗青光眼滤过术后白内障患者,采用透明角膜和巩膜隧道切口行白内障超声乳化吸除及人工晶状体植入术,可提高视力,同时可保持原有的滤过功能。     

透明角膜切口白内障超声乳化联合青光眼手术的疗效分析

目的:观察透明角膜切口白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术(以下简称超声乳化三联术)治疗青光眼合并白内障的临床疗效和安全性。方法:回顾性分析使用透明角膜切口超声乳化三联术治疗各种类型的青光眼合并白内障患者127例(128眼)手术前、后的视力和眼压,手术并发症和滤过泡情况。结果:术后视力迅速恢复,矫正视力较术前明显提高,随访6mo～2a,113眼≥0.5(88.3%);眼压较术前明显降低,11眼术后眼压<20mmHg,16眼加滴1～2种降压药后眼压控制满意且稳定。术后并发症少,功能性滤过泡83.6%。结论:透明角膜切口超声乳化白内障吸除人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术治疗青光眼合并白内障,不但能良好地控制眼压,迅速恢复视力。而且并发症少,手术适应证广,在白内障青光眼并存情况下采用超声乳化三联手术是安全、有效、可靠的治疗方法。     

Strabisme Alternant - Etude clinique - traitement

The author defines motor and sensory alternation: the term alternation should not be used in isolation, it should always be accompanied by the name of the parameter concerned. Sensory alternation is always found together with motor alternation but the reverse is not true.The examining criteria for a diagnosis of sensory alternation are given, sensory alternation must not be confused with alternating inhibition. Working from clinical observations of cases of motor alternating strabismus, the author selects 2 types of binocular sensory relations which allow one to differentiate between:- cases of primary alternating strabismus- cases of secondary alternating strabismusThese forms will develop in different ways; in both cases a cure is possible providing that the right treatment is prescribed and once prescribed carefully followed, etc. It is always a case of serious forms of strabismus whose developmental period is spread over several years.According to the authors, the frequency of cases of true primary strabismus is from 1–3%, the frequency of cases of secondary alternating strabismus varies according to the type of therapy practised on cases of monocular strabismus with amblyopia. These latter will become cases of alternating strabismus under the influence of certain types of therapy carried out over several years (penalization, rocking, alternated occlusion, etc...).Experimental data on kittens confirm clinical data; kittens placed in abnormal environments during the sensitive period will show modification in the distribution of cortical cells and the absence of binocular cells (either because the excitation of the two eyes was not simultaneous, or not identical: artificial strabismus, occlusion, opaque glasses). This disturbances become irreversible after a certain period of exposure (a function of age, length of exposure, etc...).It is thus necessary to bear in mind: 1) the iatrogenic risks of certain orthoptic treatments, 2) the necessity for a binocular form of treatment as soon as possible, as once a certain stage is passed, cortical plasticity diminishes and the elaboration of normal binocular relations becomes impossible.

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Effects of Adenosine Agonists on Intraocular Pressure and Aqueous Humor Dynamics in Cynomolgus Monkeys

The effects of single or multiple topical doses of the relatively selective A₁adenosine receptor agonists (R)-phenylisopropyladenosine (R-PIA) and N⁶-cyclohexyladenosine (CHA) on intraocular pressure (IOP), aqueous humor flow (AHF) and outflow facility were investigated in ocular normotensive cynomolgus monkeys. IOP and AHF were determined, under ketamine anesthesia, by Goldmann applanation tonometry and fluorophotometry, respectively. Total outflow facility was determined by anterior chamber perfusion under pentobarbital anesthesia. A single unilateral topical application of R-PIA (20–250 μg) or CHA (20–500 μg) produced ocular hypertension (maximum rise=4.9 or 3.5 mmHg) within 30 min, followed by ocular hypotension (maximum fall=2.1 or 3.6 mmHg) from 2–6 hr. The relatively selective adenosine A₂antagonist 3,7-dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine (DMPX, 320 μg) inhibited the early hypertension, without influencing the hypotension. Neither 100 μg R-PIA nor 500 μg CHA clearly altered AHF. Total outflow facility was increased by 71% 3 hr after 100 μg R-PIA. In conclusion, the early ocular hypertension produced by topical adenosine agonists in cynomolgus monkeys is associated with the activation of adenosine A₂receptors, while the subsequent hypotension appears to be mediated by adenosine A₁receptors and results primarily from increased outflow facility.