卵巢癌中C-erbB2和CD44v5的表达及临床意义

目的 检测C-erbB2、CD44v5在卵巢肿瘤中的表达，分析这些分子的表达与肿瘤临床病理相关性，旨在为卵巢癌的发病及转移机制的探讨提供理论依据及其临床意义。方法 免疫组织化学S-P连接法检测C-erbB2、CD44v520例卵巢上皮良性肿瘤及41例卵巢癌中的表达。结果 C-erbB2和CD44v5在卵巢癌中的表达率均明显高于卵巢上皮良性肿瘤，差异极为显著（P〈0．01），C-erbB2表达率与表达强度在中、低分化组织高于高分化组织，两者相比差异极为显著（P〈0．01），CD44v5表达率与表达强度在淋巴转移者高于无淋巴转移者，相比差异极显著（P〈0．01），C-erbB2和CD44v5表达率、表达强度和共表达率在卵巢癌Ⅲ、Ⅳ期患者高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ期患者，且差异显著（P〈0．05）。结论 C-erbB2和CD44v5分子卵巢癌的发生有关；C—erbB2分子过表达的癌细胞增生活跃，预示着差的预后；CD44v5在卵巢癌的淋巴转移过程中发挥一定作用；C—erbB2和CD44v52种分子在功能上可能存在联系，共同在卵巢癌的转移、浸润过程中发挥作用。联合检测C—erbB2和CD44v5在卵巢癌中的表达，对评价卵巢癌的恶性程度、转移及预后具有一定的临床价值。     

喉和下咽鳞癌中CD44v6的表达及意义

目的：应用免疫组化技术检测与肿瘤转移相关的细胞因子CD44v6的表达,分析CD44v6表达与喉和下咽鳞癌侵袭、转移等生物学行为的相关性。方法：采用免疫组化方法检测75例原发癌组织、29例癌旁正常黏膜组织、20例淋巴结转移癌组织中黏附分子CD44v6的表达。结果：CD44v6在原发癌中的阳性表达率为58．67％（44／75）,癌旁正常组织的阳性表达率为34．48％（10／29）,差异具有显著性（P〈0．05）;淋巴结转移癌中CD44v6的阳性表达率明显高于癌旁正常组织（P〈0．001）和原发癌（P〈0．01）;有淋巴结转移组的CD44v6表达率明显高于无淋巴结转移组（P〈0．01）．高分化组的CD44v6表达率明显低于中分化组（P〈0．05）。结论：CD44v6在喉癌和下咽癌组织中高表达,其表达率与喉癌和下咽癌的分化程度和淋巴结转移有关,可作为临床预测喉癌和下咽癌颈淋巴结转移趋势和估计预后的主要参考指标之一。     

E-Cadherin、CD44v6在肾脏恶性肿瘤中的表达及意义

目的探讨E—Cadherin和CD44v6在。肾脏恶性肿瘤中的表达及临床意义。方法选择肾脏恶性肿瘤组织30例和正常肾组织10例,采用免疫组织化学法检测肾脏恶性肿瘤组织和正常肾组织中E—Cadherin、CD44v6的表达,比较两组之间的差异,并分析E—Cadherin和CD44v6与肾脏恶性肿瘤的临床分期、病理分级及淋巴结转移的关系。结果肾脏恶性肿瘤组织E—Cadherin表达显著低于对照组（P〈0．01）,CD44v6表达显著高于对照组（-P〈0．05）。E—Cadherin表达在不同病理分级之间差异不显著（P〉0．05）,CD44v6表达在不同病理分级之间差异显著（P〈0．01）。E—Cadherin、CD44v6表达在不同临床分期之间比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）：E—Cad—herin在有淋巴结转移的肾脏恶性肿瘤组织表达显著低于无淋巴结转移（P〈0．05）。结论E—Cadherin表达下调和CD44v6升高在肾脏恶性肿瘤的发生、发展、浸润等过程中发挥重要的作用。     

EGFR、MT、CD44v6在乳腺癌中的表达及意义

目的：探讨EGFR、MT、CD44v6与乳腺癌的关系。方法：采用免疫组织化学链霉亲和素一生物素过氧化物酶标记法,用EGFR、MT、CD44,6单克隆抗体对42例存档石蜡包埋乳腺癌标本进行EGFR、MT、CD44v6蛋白表达检测,并与同期20例乳腺纤维瘤作对比。结果：EGFR、MT、CD44v6的阳性表达率在乳腺癌、乳腺纤维瘤中分别为83．3％、76．2％、83．3％;30％、10％、0,三种指标在乳腺癌中的阳性表达率均显著高于乳腺纤维瘤中的阳性表达（PEGFR〈0．01、PMT〈0．01、PCD44v6〈0．01）,EGFR的阳性表达在有、无淋巴结转移及临床分期Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期和Ⅲ期、Ⅳ期间有显著性差异（P淋巴〈0．01、P分期〈0．05）,MT阳性表达在有、无淋巴结转移及临床分期工期、Ⅱ期和Ⅲ期、Ⅳ期间有显著性差异（P淋巴〈0．01、P分期〈0．01）,CD44,6的表达与乳腺癌的淋巴转移及临床分期无关。结论：EGFR、MT和CD44v6在乳腺癌中的表达异常是一个普遍事件,EGFR、MT的超表达发生在乳腺癌发展中晚期,CD44v6蛋白出现在乳腺癌的早期。EGFR和MT有望成为乳腺癌的预后判断指标,CD44v6有可能成为乳腺癌的早期诊断指标。     

胆囊癌组织中BRAF和Caspase-3的表达与相关性研究

目的探讨胆囊癌组织中BRAF和Caspase-3的表达水平,了解胆囊癌组织中BRAF和Caspase-3的表达的相关性。方法采用免疫组织化学法检测68例组织中BRAF和Caspase-3的蛋白表达水平（49例胆囊癌、9例胆囊腺瘤、10例胆囊炎）。结果在所检测的胆囊癌组织中,BRAF阳性表达率为65．3％（32,49）,明显高于胆囊炎和胆囊腺瘤组（P〈0．01）;而Caspase-3在胆囊癌组织中阳性表达率为42．9％（21,49）,明显低于胆囊炎和胆囊腺瘤组（P〈0．01）。BRAF表达与肿瘤的细胞学分级、Nevin分期及性别年龄均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。Caspase-3表达与分化程度有关而与Nevin分期及性别年龄等无关。BRAF与Caspas-3表达呈负相关（r=-0．373,P=0-008）。结论对BRAF和Caspase-3的联合检测可能作为胆囊癌诊断、预后判断的指标。     

胆囊癌中骨桥蛋白和CD44v6的表达及其意义

目的 了解胆囊癌组织中骨桥蛋白和CD44v6的表达及其意义.方法 用免疫组化法检测10例正常胆囊组织,10例胆囊腺瘤和38例胆囊癌组织中骨桥蛋白和CD44v6的表达水平,并分析骨桥蛋白和CD44v6表达的相关性.结果 在胆囊癌组织中,骨桥蛋白和CD44v6的表达水平显著高于正常胆囊组织和胆囊腺瘤组织的表达水平（P＜0.05）,在有转移的胆囊癌中骨桥蛋白的表达水平显著高于无转移的胆囊癌组织（P＜0.01）.胆囊癌组织中骨桥蛋白的表达与CD44v6的表达具有一致性（P＜0.05）.结论 骨桥蛋白-CD44v6轴在胆囊癌的转移中可能有重要作用.     

胃癌CD44v6和PTEN表达与转移和预后的关系

目的 探讨CD44v6和PTEN基因蛋白在胃癌中的表达及意义。方法 应用免疫组织化学技术，对17例早期胃癌和78例进展期胃癌组织进行CD44v6和PTEN蛋白检测，并结合肿瘤的病理生物学行为和临床随访资料进行分析。结果 胃癌中CD44v6和PTEN蛋白表达阳性率分别为82．1％和48．4％。进展期胃癌CD44v6表达阳性率明显高于早期胃癌（P〈0．05），而PTEN表达阳性率则明显低于早期胃癌（P〈0．05）；CD44v6高表达和PTEN低表达与胃癌浆膜浸润，淋巴结转移和患者预后呈正相关（P〈0．05）。CD44v6表达与PTEN表达呈负相关（r=-0．48，P〈0．05）。结论 CD44v6和PTEN表达与胃癌转移和患者生存期密切相关，检测CD44v6和PTEN的表达可作为判断胃癌预后的参考指标。     

Galectin-3和CD44v6在结肠癌组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的探讨半乳糖凝集素-3（Galectin-3）和细胞黏附分子（CD44v6）在结肠癌组织中的表达及其临床意义。方法采用免疫组化SP法检测86例结肠癌（结肠癌组）、16例正常结肠组织（正常对照组）、20例结肠腺瘤性息肉（结肠腺瘤性息肉组）组织中Galectin-3和CD44v6的表达情况。结果腺癌、黏液癌者Galectin-3阳性表达率均明显高于未分化癌者（均P〈0.01）,有淋巴结转移者Galectin-3、CD44v6阳性表达率均明显高于无淋巴结转移者（均P〈0.05）,低、中分化腺癌者CD44v6阳性表达率均明显高于高分化腺癌者（均P〈0.05）;结肠腺瘤性息肉组、结肠癌组Galectin-3、CD44v6阳性表达率均明显高于正常对照组（均P〈0.01）;结肠癌组Galectin-3阳性表达率与结肠腺瘤性息肉组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,而CD44v6阳性表达率明显低于结肠癌组（P〈0.01）。相关性分析显示,结肠癌组组织中Galectin-3与CD44v6呈正相关（r=0.087,P〈0.05）。结论检测Galectin-3和CD44v6能更准确地判断结肠癌的发生、发展和转移状况,进一步为结肠癌的随访、辅助治疗、判断预后等提供依据。     

涎腺腺样囊性癌p16蛋白和增殖细胞核抗原的表达

目的 探讨涎腺腺样囊性癌中p16蛋白和增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）表达与病理分型及淋巴转移关系,为临床治疗及判断预后提供资料。方法 利用免疫组化检测36例涎腺腺样囊性癌组织中p16蛋白阳性表达及PCNA表达。结果 p16蛋白在腺样囊性癌组织中阳性率为33．33％,PCNA阳性率为72．22％;癌组织中p16蛋白阳性表达随着病理分级增高而降低（P〈0．05）;不同病理类型癌组织中PCNA阳性表达差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;有淋巴转移癌组织中p16蛋白的阳性表达低于无淋巴转移癌组织（P〈0．05）,而PCNA阳性表达则高于无淋巴转移癌组织（P〈0．05）。结论 p16和增殖细胞核抗原表达水平反映该肿瘤浸润性和恶性度,可作为预测淋巴结转移和判断预后的参考指标。     

食管鳞状细胞癌中COX-2、VEGF—C及CD44v6的表达与淋巴结转移的关系

目的研究食管鳞状细胞癌（简称食管鳞癌）中环氧化酶-2（COX-2）、血管内皮生长因子-C（VEGF-C）和CD44v6蛋白的表达情况及与食管癌病理特征的关系。方法采用免疫组织化学（sP）法检测58例患青食管鳞癌组织中COX-2、VEGF—C和CD44v6蛋白的表达。结果58例患者的ESCC组织中,COX-2、VEGF—C和CD44v6均呈高表达,阳性表达率分别为70．6％、53．4％、65．5％。COX-2、VEGF—C和CD44v6蛋白表达与性别、分期、分化程度无关（P均〉0．05）,而VEGF—C和CD44v6与淋巴结转移正相关（P均〈0．05）。COX-2与VEGF—C、CD44v6蛋白表达无相关性（P均〉0．05）。结论COX-2、VEGF—C、CD44v6蛋白在食管鳞癌组织中呈高表达,VEGF—C、CD44v6表达与肿瘤有无淋巴结转移有关,可作为食管癌浸润、转移的重要指标。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.