角膜切口对白内障手术后散光的影响

目的:观察沿角膜散光陡峭轴方向做透明角膜切口行白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术后散光和视力的变化。方法:根据IOL-Master检测结果选择角膜最大屈光力轴行3.0mm透明角膜切口做白内障超声乳化术42眼作为观察组(A组),常规颞上(右眼)、鼻上(左眼)3.0mm透明角膜切口白内障超声乳化术68眼作为对照组(B组)。检测术前、术后1d;1wk;1,3mo角膜散光和视力变化。结果:A组术前、术后1d;1wk;1,3mo视力分别为0.2±0.24,0.73±0.37,0.78±0.38,0.94±0.36,0.76±0.13;B组为0.17±0.2,0.82±0.3,0.84±0.2,0.77±0.26,0.8±0.36;差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。A组术前、术后1d;1wk;1,3mo角膜散光度分别为1.01±0.10D,1.33±0.13D,1.15±0.14D,0.90±0.13D,0.89±0.12D;B组为0.95±0.13D,1.25±0.15D,1.07±0.13D,0.87±0.12D,0.82±0.11D。术后1d;1wk;1mo与术前相比散光度均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组术后3mo散光度与术前相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组术后3mo裸眼视力≥0.8者分别为21眼(50%)和32眼(47%),两者相比有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:沿陡轴透明角膜切口白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术有助于患者视力提高及减少术后角膜散光。     

白内障超声乳化两种透明角膜切口比较

目的:比较白内障超声乳化大小两种透明角膜切口术后视力及散光度数的差异。方法:选择老年性白内障160例160眼分别行白内障超声乳化5.5mm透明角膜切口(A组)与3.2mm透明角膜切口(B组)植入术后1wk;1,3,6mo进行视力及散光度数比较。结果:术后1wk裸眼视力A组明显低于B组,术后1,3,6mo裸眼视力A组与B组比较无明显差异;术后1wk;1mo角膜散光度数比较A组明显高于B组,术后3,6mo角膜散光度数A组与B组比较无明显差异。结论:基层医院面向经济欠发达的农村地区开展5.5mm透明角膜切口硬质人工晶状体植入术是行之有效的。     

同轴1.8mm微切口超声乳化术治疗短眼轴白内障的疗效

目的:观察1.8mm透明角膜切口白内障超声乳化联合超薄人工晶状体植入术治疗短眼轴白内障的临床疗效,并与传统的3.0mm透明角膜切口超声乳化手术进行比较.方法:前瞻性随机对照研究.将84例84眼平均眼轴长20.26±1.59mm(眼轴范围17.68 ～ 21.32mm)的年龄相关性白内障患者随机分为两组,分别行1.8mm同轴微切口白内障超声乳化吸除联合人工晶状体植入术和3.0mm同轴小切口白内障超声乳化吸除联合人工晶状体植入术.术中记录两组患者超声乳化所用的有效超声时间(EPT)和平均超声能量(AVE),术后随访1d,1wk,1、3mo,观察两组术后最佳矫正视力、眼压、中央前房深度、角膜内皮细胞密度、手术源性散光和手术并发症情况.结果:A、B两组患者术中EPT分别为6.88±3.05、7.04±3.57s,术中AVE分别为(14.54±7.26)％和(15.08±3.67)％.术后1d,1wk,1、3mo微切口组手术源性散光低于小切口组,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).两组间最佳矫正视力及角膜内皮细胞密度无显著性差异.两组患者术后眼压均较术前明显下降,术后前房深度均较术前明显加深.所有患者术中前房稳定,术中及术后无并发症发生,均无切口热烧伤.结论:同轴1.8mm微切口与传统的同轴3..mm小切口超声乳化手术治疗短眼轴白内障相比,能有效地减少手术源性散光,可显著改善早期视功能.     

微切口白内障超声乳化术后角膜地形图分析

目的 观察1.2mm微切口白内障超声乳化术后散光动态变化.方法 将75例(89只眼)老年性白内障患者随机分为两组,一组34例(40只眼)行双手超声乳化术,切口为1.2mm,植入Acri.Smart人工晶状体.另一组41例(49只眼)行传统超声乳化术,切口为3.2mm,植入AR40e人工晶状体.术前及术后1周、1月、3月行眼科常规检查及角膜地形图检查.分析患者术后视力和角膜地形图改变.结果 术后1d、1周双手组裸眼视力好于传统组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).术后1周、1月双手组散光度数小于传统组(P＜0.05),术后1周、1月双手组的手术源性散光小于传统组(P＜0.01).传统组术后1周的SRI和SAI较术前增加,双手组术后1周的SRI和SAI小于传统组.双手组术前术后角膜地形图改变极小.结论 1.2mm微切口白内障超声乳化术切口小,对角膜形态影响小,散光小,视力恢复快.     

同轴微切口白内障超声乳化术后角膜散光的临床观察

目的:评价2.2mm同轴微切口白内障超声乳化手术后角膜散光的变化。方法:老年性白内障患者56例78眼,将患者随机分为2组,2.2mm组38眼,3.0mm组40眼,分别行2.2mm同轴微切口白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体(IOL)植入术及3.0mm常规白内障超声乳化联合IOL植入术,术后1,3mo评价术眼裸眼视力(uncorrected visual acuity,UCVA)、角膜散光、术源性角膜散光(surgically induced astigmatism,SIA)。结果:术后1mo,2.2mm组角膜散光为0.85±0.42D,3.0mm组角膜散光为1.18±0.37D,两组角膜散光比较有统计学差异(P<0.05)。术后3mo,2.2mm组角膜散光为0.74±0.40D,3.0mm组角膜散光为1.00±0.30D,两组角膜散光比较有统计学差异(P<0.05)。术后1mo和3mo,3.0mm组的SIA大于2.2mm组(P<0.05),3.0mm组术后1mo平均SIA大于术后3mo平均SIA(P<0.05),2.2mm组术后1mo和3mo SIA没有统计学差异(P>0.05)。术后UCVA,在术后1mo和3mo,2.2mm组均优于3.0mm组。结论:2.2mm同轴微切口白内障超声乳化手术后能产生更小的SIA和更好的UCVA。     

两种透明角膜切口白内障超声乳化术后角膜散光比较

目的 评价2.6mm与3.0mm两种透明角膜小切口超声乳化白内障吸除联合折叠式人工晶状体植入术对角膜散光的影响.方法 将69例(69只眼)白内障患者,按照2.6mm与3.0mm两种不同大小透明角膜切口随机分为A、B两组,行透明角膜小切口超声乳化白内障吸除联合折叠式人工晶状体植入术,比较两组手术性角膜散光的情况.结果 A组(3.0mm组)术后1周、术后1个月、术后3个月平均手术性角膜散光度分别为(0.6347±0.57773)D、(0.6029±0.52986)D和(0.6471±0.51902)D;B组(2.6mm组)术后1周、术后1个月、术后3个月平均手术性角膜散光度分别为(0.7286±0.62241)D、(0.6286±0.45927)D和(0.5714±0.49472)D;差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 在同轴白内障超声乳化吸除联合折叠式人工晶状体植入术中,2.6mm透明角膜切口是一种安全有效的手术切口.     

1.8mm微切口白内障超声乳化吸除联合青光眼小梁切除术临床观察

目的：观察同轴1.8mm微切口白内障超声乳化吸除超薄人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术治疗青光眼合并白内障的临床疗效和安全性,并与传统的同轴3.0mm 小切口超声乳化吸除折叠人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术进行比较。
　　方法：前瞻性对照研究。收集在我院眼科行超声乳化白内障手术的青光眼合并白内障患者36例36眼随机分为2组。微切口组：同轴1.8mm微切口白内障超声乳化吸除超薄人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除手术18例18眼：小切口组：传统同轴3.0mm小切口超声乳化吸除折叠人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术18例18眼。分别记录两组1wk;1,3mo的视力、角膜内皮细胞密度、手术源性散光、眼压、滤过泡的形成和并发症的情况。采用均数t检验和χ2检验对数据进行统计学分析。
　　结果：术后1 wk微切口组裸眼视力优于小切口组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后1,3mo两组矫正视力差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后1wk;1,3mo两组手术源性散光差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后1wk两组角膜内皮细胞密度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后1,3 mo 两组角膜内皮细胞密度差异无统计学意义( P>0.05)。术后微切口组平均眼压15.26±3.12mmHg,小切口组平均眼压14.57±2.86mmHg,两组术后眼压差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组术后功能型滤过泡和非功能型滤过泡比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组术中均未出现虹膜损伤、后囊膜破裂、前房出血等并发症。
　　结论：同轴1.8mm微切口白内障超声乳化吸除超薄人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术与传统同轴3.0mm小切口超声乳化吸除植入折叠人工晶状体联合小梁切除术相比,能有效减少手术源性散光,是一种安全、有效、便捷的治疗白内障合并青光眼的手术方法。     

透明角膜3mm切口白内障超声乳化术后的屈光状态研究

目的:观察3mm透明角膜切口白内障超声乳化吸除及折叠式人工晶状体植入术后患者的屈光状态及其变化规律,确定最佳配镜时间。方法:老年性白内障患者68例(79眼)行3mm透明角膜切口白内障超声乳化吸除及折叠式人工晶状体植入术,术后行EAS-1000检查,除外人工晶状体存在偏位情况。然后1,2,3,4wk;3,6mo行视力及显然验光检查,记录患者的视力、球镜、柱镜和散光轴,分别对结果行多因素方差分析。结果:术后1,2,3,4wk;3,6mo的裸眼及矫正视力,球镜、柱镜度数及其散光轴的变化差异均无显著性(P>0.05)。结论:3mm透明角膜切口白内障超声乳化吸除及折叠式人工晶状体植入术后1wk屈光状态趋于稳定,即可配镜。     

不同切口同轴白内障超声乳化术的疗效比较

目的：比较2.2mm微小切口与3.0mm切口同轴白内障超声乳化术的手术效果。

方法：选择2012-01/2013-06在我院接受白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术的年龄相关性白内障患者90例90眼,随机分为两组：2.2mm切口组45例45眼,3.0mm切口组45例45眼,分别行2.2mm或3.0mm透明角膜隧道切口同轴白内障超声乳化术。术后1d; 1wk; 1,3mo随访,观察视力、角膜内皮细胞计数、中央角膜厚度、手术源性散光。

结果：术后1d,2.2mm切口组视力明显提高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),术后1wk; 1,3mo,两组比较无统计差异。两组角膜内皮细胞计数、中央角膜厚度在术后1d; 1wk; 1,3mo均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。两组手术源性散光在术后1d; 1wk; 1,3mo均有统计学差异(P<0.05),2.2mm切口组手术源性散光明显减小。

结论：2.2mm微小切口同轴白内障超声乳化术术后早期提高视力更明显,能明显减少手术源性散光,安全性更高。     

微切口超声乳化手术在硬核白内障病例中的效果评价

目的:观察2.2mm同轴微切口超声乳化手术在硬核白内障病例中应用的临床效果,并与传统3.0mm超声乳化手术进行比较。方法:将拟实施白内障超声乳化手术的硬核(Ⅳ级及以上)患者132眼根据手术切口的大小,分为2组。微切口组:2.2mm同轴微切口超声乳化白内障吸出联合人工晶状体植入术60眼;传统切口组:3.0mm切口传统超声乳化白内障吸出联合人工晶状体植入术72眼。观察两组后囊破裂和术后角膜水肿的发生率;记录两组超声乳化所用的平均超声能量(AVE),术后1d;1,3mo随访,记录视力,手术源性散光(SIA),术后3mo检测角膜内皮细胞密度并计算丢失率。将相关数据进行统计学分析。结果:后囊破裂和术后角膜水肿的发生率微切口组为3.3%,10.0%,传统切口组为4.2%,11.1%,差异无统计学意义。微切口组和传统切口组的平均超声能量分别为65.09±20.15,69.13±15.44,差异无统计学意义。术后1d平均裸眼视力微切口组优于传统切口组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后1,3mo最佳矫正视力两组比较差别无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后3mo角膜内皮细胞丢失率微切口组和传统切口组分别为(16.54±10.20)%,(17.69±10.65)%,差异无统计学意义。术后1d;1,3mo微切口组手术源性散光分别为0.77±0.31,0.66±0.29,0.52±0.25D;传统切口组分别为1.41±0.73,0.98±0.61,0.82±0.35D,差异有统计学意义。结论:2.2mm同轴微切口超声乳化手术技术应用在硬核白内障病例中,具有与传统3.0mm切口相似的安全性;能有效减少手术源性散光,对术后早期视力恢复具有优势。     

Bimanual microphacoemulsification versus coaxial miniphacoemulsification: prospective study

PURPOSE: To compare the outcomes of bimanual microphacoemulsification and coaxial miniphacoemulsification and assess the potential advantages of the former over the latter. SETTING: Institute of Ophthalmology, University of Modena, Modena, Italy. METHODS: In a controlled prospective clinical trial, 100 eyes of 50 patients with nuclear or corticonuclear cataract of grade 2 to 4 on the Lens Opacities Classification System III had phacoemulsification. Fifty eyes were randomized to have surgery by the bimanual technique and 50, by the coaxial technique. All surgeries were performed by the same surgeon using the same machine (Sovereign WhiteStar, American Medical Optics). In all cases, the incision was made superiorly in clear cornea and a hydrophobic acrylic flexible intraocular lens (Acri.Smart 48 S, Acri.Tec) was implanted. Intraoperative parameters were mean phacoemulsification time, total phacoemulsification percentage, effective phacoemulsification time (EPT), total volume of balanced salt solution (BSS) used, total surgical time, and final size of the corneal incision. Postoperative parameters were visual acuity, astigmatism changes by vector analysis, corneal thickness, endothelial cell count, and presence of flare and cells in the anterior chamber. RESULTS: The only statistically significant difference between the 2 groups was the total volume of the BSS used (P = .004) and total surgical time (P = .045). CONCLUSIONS: Both techniques were safe and effective for cataract surgery. With bimanual microphacoemulsification, significantly less BSS was used and the total surgical time was significantly shorter than with the coaxial method.     

双通道微切口超声乳化白内障吸除术联合可卷折人工晶状体植入术的早期临床研究

目的 评价双通道微切口超声乳化白内障吸除术联合可卷折人工晶状体植入术进行白内障摘除的安全性、有效性;探讨两种新型可卷折人工晶状体的临床应用效果.方法 35例白内障患者(35只眼)随机分成两组接受手术治疗,组一(15例)应用Thinoptx人工晶状体,组二(20例)应用Acri.Smart人工晶状体.研究数据包括术前、术后1 d、1周、1个月的最佳矫正视力和眼压;术前和术后1个月的角膜曲率数值;术前预期屈光度数和术后1个月实际屈光度数.结果 组一和组二患者白内障术后1个月最佳矫正视力(0.87±0.2、0.85±0.2)与术前(0.50±0.2、0.45±0.2)相比,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01).两组术前眼压[(15.9±3.3)、(15.2±2.7)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)]与术后1个月眼压[(17.3±1.9)、(15.6±3.2)mm Hg]、术前预期屈光度数[(-0.51±0.13)、(-0.55±0.13)D]与术后1个月实际屈光度数[(-0.55±0.50)、(-0.48±0.40)D]、术前角膜曲率(-0.72±0.6、-0.91±0.7)与术后1个月角膜曲率(-0.73±0.6、-0.64±0.5)相比,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 双通道微切口超声乳化白内障吸除术联合可卷折人工晶状体植入技术在白内障摘除中的应用是安全,有效的.     

Bimanual microphacoemulsification and Acri. Smart intraocular lens implantation combined with vitreoretinal surgery

PURPOSE: To assess the efficacy and safety of bimanual microphacoemulsification combined with vitrectomy in eyes with clinically evident cataract and vitreoretinal pathology. SETTING: Institute of Ophthalmology of the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy. METHODS: This prospective case series comprised 19 consecutive patients with clinically significant cataract who were scheduled for vitrectomy. Bimanual microphacoemulsification was performed, and an Acri.Smart 46 S hydrophobic acrylic intraocular lens (IOL) with a 6.0 mm optic (Acri.Tec, Inc.) was implanted in the capsular bag. Immediately after, standard 3-port vitrectomy was performed. RESULTS: The prevailing vitreoretinal pathology was retinal detachment, with 1 case of macular pucker and 1 case of macular hole. In all cases, the IOL was implanted in the capsular bag. There were no intraoperative complications during the cataract surgery or vitrectomy. Follow-up 1, 15, 30, 90, and 180 days after surgery showed significant visual recovery in all cases. The mean endothelial loss was 10.05%+/-2.01% (SD). In 3 cases that had tamponade with heavy silicone oil, progressive posterior capsule opacification occurred 6 months after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Bimanual microphacoemulsification combined with vitrectomy was effective and safe. The microincisions and 19-gauge instruments provided excellent chamber resistance that simplified surgical maneuvers in eyes that might have a distorted fundus reflection and increased zonular laxity. The Acri.Smart 46 S IOL, which can be injected through a 2.0 mm incision, provided good fundus visibility during vitrectomy and good maneuverability up to the extreme periphery without resulting in glare or distracting reflections for the surgeon.     

Capsulorhexis phimosis after bimanual microphacoemulsification and in-the-bag implantation of the Akreos MI60 intraocular lens

An 80-year-old woman with corticonuclear cataract had cataract extraction by bimanual microphacoemulsification and in-the-bag implantation of the Akreos MI60 (Bausch & Lomb) intraocular lens (IOL). After 6 months, a complete capsulorhexis phimosis developed and surgery was performed to open and reduce the phimosis, with complete functional recovery. In the fellow pseudophakic eye, an acrylic hydrophobic Acri.Smart 48S (Acri.Tec) IOL had been implanted without complications. We conclude that a capsulorhexis phimosis may occur a few months after uneventful cataract surgery and in-the-bag implantation of the Akreos MI60 IOL.     

双手微小切口白内障超声乳化术治疗硅油填充眼并发性白内障

目的:探讨双手微小切口白内障超声乳化吸除术在治疗硅油填充眼并发性白内障的临床疗效及安全性。方法:选取2007-10/2008-11收治的病例完整的硅油填充眼并发性白内障患者的31例(31眼),随机分成两组,分别采用两种不同的手术方式。A组16例(16眼)行双手微小切口白内障超声乳化吸除术,B组15例(15眼)行常规的超声乳化吸除术,分别于术前、术后1wk;1,3mo行视力、角膜地形图检查。结果:所有术眼在手术过程中前房稳定,未见切口热灼伤,术后2眼角膜轻度水肿,均在术后1wk内缓解。两组术后均随访3mo以上,未发现有视网膜脱离复发。术后1wkA组最佳矫正视力高于B组,两组间比较,有显著性差异(P<0.05);术后角膜地形图曲率和散光simk值手术前后比较,B组术后1wk角膜地形图散光与术前相比有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:双手微小切口白内障超声乳化吸除术在治疗硅油填充眼并发性白内障时安全有效,临床上值得推广。     

双手微小切口白内障超声乳化联合小梁切除术临床疗效观察

目的探讨双手微小切口白内障超声乳化联合小梁切除术在青光眼白内障联合手术中的疗效。方法回顾性分析我院2008年09月～2010年06月行双手微小切口白内障超声乳化联合小梁切除术的30例患者的临床资料,观察手术后眼压、视力变化和并发症情况。结果 30眼中0.02～0.1者3眼（10.00%）;0.1～0.3者8眼（26.67%）;0.3～0.5者12眼（40%）;0.5～0.8者5眼（16.67%）,其中〉1.0者2眼（6.66%）;术后平均眼压稳定在（13.57±3.31）mmHg;术后出现角膜水肿2眼,虹膜反应和晶状体前渗出膜6眼,后囊膜混浊3眼,经积极治疗后明显改善。结论微小切口白内障超声乳化联合青光眼小梁切除手术对急性闭角型青光眼疗效较为确切,虽然也存在一定的并发症,但及时处理并发症,仍可获得满意疗效,是一种理想的手术方式。     

小切口白内障囊外摘除人工晶状体植入术312例临床分析

目的:探讨白内障小切口囊外摘除人工晶状体植入术的手术技巧及临床效果。方法:对2007-04/2008-12小切口白内障囊外摘除人工晶状体植入术312例312眼回顾性分析。结果:术后视力明显提高,≥0.05者307眼,脱盲率98.4%;≥0.3者285眼,脱残率91.3%。术中、术后并发症:后囊膜破裂4眼(1.3%);术后角膜水肿75眼(24.0%);虹膜损伤2眼(0.6%);术后暂时性高眼压5眼(1.6%);瞳孔轻度变形者6眼(1.9%);人工晶状体夹持2眼(0.6%);术后葡萄膜炎12眼(3.8%);人工晶状体未能一期植入者5眼(1.6%);1wk后角膜平均散光1.53±1.32,经处理未见严重并发症发生。结论:白内障小切口囊外摘除人工晶状体植入术,疗效显著、并发症少,安全易行,特别是对基层医院不失为防盲复明手术的首选术式。     

Microincision cataract surgery with implantation of an Acri. Smart 48S lens

PURPOSE: To evaluate visual and refractive outcome and complications after microincision cataract surgery (MICS) with implantation of an Acri.Smart 48S intraocular lens (IOL). MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study comprised 22 eyes of 11 patients having bilateral microincision cataract surgery. MICS was performed through a 1.4 mm clear corneal incision using the MacKool System and low ultrasound power. The IOL was implanted through a 1.7 or smaller clear corneal incision with a Acri.Smart Glide System. The final size of the clear corneal incision, postoperative uncorrected and best corrected distance visual acuity, best corrected near visual acuity (Snellen, Jaeger Table), astigmatism, pseudoaccommodation possibility of Acri.Smart 48S IOL, complications and patient satisfaction were analyzed. The follow up was 1 month. RESULTS: The Acri.Smart 48S lens was implanted through mean incision of 1.56 +/- 0.07 mm. One month after surgery the mean uncorrected distance visual acuity (UCVA) and the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) significantly improved (UCVA: preoperatively--0.49 +/- 0.33; postoperatively--0.97 +/- 0.11; p < 0.001; BCVA: preoperatively 0.68 +/- 0.3; postoperatively--1.0; p < 0.001) as well as BCVA for near (BCVA: preoperatively--5.27 +/- 3.30; postoperatively--2.91 +/- 1.48; p = 0.002). One month after surgery, there was not significant increase of astigmatism and the pseudoaccommodative ability of Acri.Smart 48S was not observed. There were no serious intraoperative and postoperative complications. All the patients were highly satisfied with the quality of the vision. CONCLUSIONS: Our preliminary results show that MICS with Acri.Smart 48S lens implantation is safe and effective procedure. This conclusion has to be confirmed by studies with longer follow up period and larger series of patients.     

手术治疗糖尿病性白内障60眼临床分析

目的:分析小切口白内障囊外摘出人工晶状体植入术和超声乳化白内障吸除人工晶状体植入术治疗糖尿病性白内障的疗效及并发症。方法:选择2006-01/2010-01确诊为糖尿病性白内障患者52例60眼,Ⅱ～Ⅲ级核47眼,采用超声乳化白内障吸除后房型人工晶状体植入术;Ⅳ～Ⅴ级核13眼,采用小切口白内障囊外摘出后房型人工晶状体植入术。结果:糖尿病患者52例60眼白内障术后视力均有不同程度的提高,其中50眼(83%)术后1wk裸眼视力≥0.4。术中术后主要并发症经处理对术后视力无影响。结论:对糖尿病性白内障患者采取恰当的术式,施行小切口白内障囊外摘出人工晶状体植入术或超声乳化白内障吸除人工晶状体植入术疗效肯定。