Nevus cells observed in the sebaceous glands

Of sebaceous gland-containing specimens of melanocytic nevi, a total of 79 specimens from 70 cases of nevocellular nevus (consisting of 10 cases of compound nevus and 60 of intradermal nevus), four cases of juvenile melanoma and three of blue nevus were examined light-microscopically in detail for the presence or absence of nevus cells or dermal melanocytes in the sebaceous glands. As a result, clusters of cells that appeared to be nevus cells were found in the sebaceous glands of specimens from a total of three cases, that is, two cases of nevocellular nevus i.e. compound nevus, and one of the cases of juvenile melanoma. Two cases were infantile and one case was the age of puberty. The origin of the nevus cells found in the sebaceous glands is discussed.     

皮脂腺痣并发乳头状汗管囊腺瘤及管状乳头状顶泌汗腺腺瘤

报告1例皮脂腺痣并发乳头状汗管囊腺瘤及管状乳头状顶泌汗腺腺瘤.患者女,26岁.因右侧头皮黄色无毛斑块26年就诊.体格检查示右侧头皮黄色无毛斑块,边界清楚,表面粗糙,局部糜烂渗液.组织病理检查示表皮疣状增生,皮脂腺和顶泌汗腺增生.一部分顶泌汗腺与表皮相连,形成乳头状突起,其间质中有较多浆细胞浸润;另一部分顶泌汗腺位于真皮深部,不与表皮相连,形成较多管腔样结构,管腔内见顶泌汗腺呈乳头状突入管腔.结合临床资料及组织病理学改变,本病为1例罕见的皮脂腺痣并发乳头状汗管囊腺瘤及管状乳头状顶泌汗腺腺瘤.     

The Spectrum of Epidermal Nevi: A Case of Verrucous Epidermal Nevus Contiguous with Nevus Sebaceus

During the normal development of skin, pluripotential cells give rise to keratinocytes, sebaceous glands, hair follicles, apocrine glands, and eccrine glands. In epidermal nevi, these components emerge in an abnormal mixture within a circumscribed site. Many authors have categorized epidermal nevi based on their predominant component; however, there is often notable overlap that occurs within a single area or within contiguous areas. We report a verrucous epidermal nevus contiguous to a nevus sebaceus of Jadassohn. The categories of epidermal nevi are somewhat artificial. Our case supports the view that epidermal nevi have a spectrum of manifestations, including verrucous epidermal nevi and nevus sebaceus of Jadassohn.     

PNA-binding sites in sebaceous tumors

The presence and distribution of peanut agglutinin (PNA)-binding sites was studied in normal sebaceous glands, nevus sebaceous, senile sebaceous hyperplasia, sebaceous adenoma, sebaceous epithelioma, and sebaceous carcinoma. Cell surface staining and sponge-like cytoplasmic staining was observed in sebaceous glands, nevus sebaceus and sebaceous hyperplasia. In sebaceous adenoma, sebaceous epithelioma, and sebaceous carcinoma, diffuse cytoplasmic staining was observed in addition to cell surface staining.     

皮脂腺肿瘤凝集素亲合组化研究

本研究采用１７种生物素化的凝集素，应用ＡＢＣ法研究了２３例正常皮肤和２２例皮脂腺良、恶性肿瘤的肿瘤细胞凝集素受体的定位及分布，发现ＬＣＡ在皮脂腺癌的阳性率较高；正常皮脂腺、皮脂腺痣、皮脂腺增生、皮脂腺腺瘤可见胞膜及胞浆的海绵、网状着染；皮脂腺癌中胞浆失去这种规则着染，着染形状及分布极不规则，说明在皮脂腺恶性转化过程中，细胞表面复合糖糖基及细胞的正常结构发生了明显的变化。     

Giant solitary sebaceous gland hyperplasia clinically simulating epidermoid cyst

We report an unusual case of sebaceous gland hyperplasia manifested clinically as a large solitary intracutaneous nodule, which was at first diagnosed as an epidermoid cyst. Histologically, the nodule consisted of a single large central cavity connected with numerous fully-matured sebaceous glands. We discuss the unique clinical appearance and its histopathological differential diagnosis including sebaceous adenoma, sebaceous trichofolliculoma, organoid nevus and sebaceous gland hyperplasia.     

The sebaceous nevus as part of the Schimmelpenning-Feuerstein-Mims Syndrome--an obvious phacomatosis first documented in 1927

The sebaceous nevus is a common nevus and can be easily diagnosed because of its typical rough fatty surface due to its amount of sebaceous glands. In some rare cases, the sebaceous nevus is part of a genetic disorder, the Schimmelpenning-Feuerstein-Mims (SFM) syndrome. If the SFM syndrome is suspected, further investigation is necessary, because multiple organ involvement is highly likely. We suggest that diagnosis of the SFM syndrome is simple, considering the special linear arrangement of sebaceous nevi in cases of SFM syndrome.     

Verhalten der Talgdrüsen im Talgdrüsennaevus während des Kindesalters

Zusammenfassung Im Talgdrüsennaevus machen die Talgdrüsen die Entwicklung im Kindesalter mit, d. h., sie werden nach dem 2. Lebensjahr zurückgebildet. Bei der Pubertät entwickeln sich die Talgdrüsen wieder voll, sezernieren aber wahrscheinlich zum großen Teil nicht. Neben der Mißbildung der Talgdrüsen werden auch Fehlanlagen der apokrinen Drüsen und besonders reichlich fehl angelegte Haarfollikel gefunden. Während der Phase der Rückbildung steht die Epidermishypertrophie im Vordergrund. Es ist daher möglich, den Talgdrüsennaevus als Oberhautnaevus zu verkennen.

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The activity of the sebaceous glands in sebaceous Nevi during infancy

Summary The sebaceous nevus is actually an organoid nevus. The sebaceous glands in the nevus follow the pattern of the normal sebaceous glands during infancy. In the first year of life they are fully developed and secreting. After the first year their size is reduced, and at puberty they are fully developed again, but possibly do not secrete sebum. During the regressive phase between the first year of life and puberty, the sebaceous glands may be overlooked. Since the hypertrophy of the epidermis predominates, sebaceous nevus may be misdiagnosed as verrucous epidermal nevus.

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Mit Mitteln der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft ausgeführt.     

Sebaceous gland neoplasia

Neoplasms with sebaceous differentiation cover a broad spectrum. They range from benign sebaceous hyperplasia and adenomas to locally infiltrative sebaceous epitheliomas which have biologic behaviors similar to basal cell carcinomas, to sebaceous carcinomas which can have very malignant biologic behaviors. In this paper, we have purposely excluded the nevus sebaceus of Jadassohn, a nevoid tumor composed of several cutaneous elements. As sebaceous glands are only one part of this tumor, it is better classified as an organoid nevus.     

Epidermal nevus syndrome and didymosis aplasticosebacea

Abstract:  The epidermal nevus syndrome is a disease complex consisting of the association of an epidermal nevus with various developmental abnormalities of the skin, eyes, nervous, skeletal, cardiovascular, and urogenital systems. The epidermal nevi are classified according to their predominant component; nevus sebaceus (sebaceous glands), nevus comedonicus (hair follicles), and nevus verrucosus (keratinocytes). We report a neonate who presented with a nevus sebaceus on the scalp and face as well as a coloboma and dermoid on his left eye. Within the sebaceous nevus on the scalp, circumscribed lesions of aplasia cutis congenita were detected, which is consistent with the recently proposed term in the literature didymosis aplasticosebacea.     

Pure apocrine nevus: a report of 4 cases

Apocrine nevus is a rare tumor composed of increased mature apocrine glands and ductal structures within a fibrous stroma, located predominantly in the reticular dermis. They have been reported in association with apocrine carcinoma, extramammary Paget disease, and syringocystadenoma papilliferum; less commonly a pure apocrine nevus is identified, unassociated with another apocrine proliferation. Clinically apocrine nevi may appear as solitary or multiple nodules or plaques on the scalp, presternal skin, though they are seen most commonly in the axillae. We describe 4 cases of pure apocrine nevus, all of which appeared clinically as painless or mildly tender skin-colored axillary masses, 2 of which were bilateral. In each case, the lesions appeared in adulthood, and patients denied knowledge of congenital or childhood presence. Patients denied pruritis, discharge, bleeding, or antecedent trauma. Grossly, the specimens consisted of subcutaneous, multicystic ill-defined nodules. Biopsy showed prominent apocrine glands composed of irregularly columnar luminal cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm arranged in a somewhat organoid pattern filling the reticular dermis and extending into the subcutaneous adipose tissue. The glandular luminal cells displayed decapitation secretion. There was a paucity of pilosebaceous units. In one case, the overlying epidermis was papillomatous. The deepest portion of one specimen had lactational change simulating a lactational adenoma. No atypia was seen in either the glandular structures or the stroma. The adjacent sebaceous and eccrine structures were normal. The histologic features and immunohistochemical profile in relation to other apocrine lesions will be reviewed.     

Ten cases of sebaceous carcinoma arising in nevus sebaceus

Although nevus sebaceus is known to develop various types of secondary neoplasms, it rarely causes carcinoma and only 14 cases of secondary sebaceous carcinoma have been reported. In this study, 10 cases of sebaceous carcinoma arising in nevus sebaceus were collected. The clinicopathological features and results of immunohistochemical examinations with adipophilin, perilipin and p53 were summarized. Sebaceous carcinoma arising in nevus sebaceous predominantly occurred on the scalp (8/10) of elderly women (mean age, 67.7 years). No case was associated with Muir–Torre syndrome. We found several pathological features of sebaceous carcinoma; that is, made up mainly of germinative cells, moderate nuclear atypia without pleomorphism and many mitoses (4–28/10 high‐power field). Adipophilin and perilipin antibodies highlighted lipid drops in the cytoplasm of the malignant cells in all cases. Overexpression of p53 was seen in all cases. In two cases there were coexisting benign‐looking sebaceous lesions at the periphery of the main cancer nodule, and in these lesions p53 showed low positivity compared with the clearly malignant area. There was co‐occurrence of another neoplasm in three cases with trichoblastoma, sebaceoma and syringocystadenoma papilliferum, respectively. All cases were treated by excision of the malignant lesion, with or without inclusion of the nevus sebaceus. In a follow‐up period of 1–7 years, there was no case of recurrence, lymph node metastases or distant metastases. With these specific pathological and immunohistochemical findings using adipophilin, perilipin and p53, we have to consider the possibility that there is a tendency to underdiagnose secondary sebaceous carcinomas in nevus sebaceus. These clinicopathological features of sebaceous carcinomas developing in the nevus sebaceus seem to indicate different biological entities from de novo sebaceous carcinoma.     

Extensive cerebriform nevus sebaceus: an unusual presentation

Nevus sebaceus is an epidermal nevi composed of sebaceous glands, which usually presents as single yellowish plaque over the head and neck. A rare morphological variant, namely cerebriform nevus sebaceus was first reported in 1998. As with other nevi, the occurrence of nevus sebaceous is related to genetic mosaicism and the shape and distribution of the nevus is determined by the stage at which mosaicism has arisen. We report a patient with cerebriform nevus sebaceus having an unusually widespread distribution over the head, face, and trunk, but without any other organ system involvement.     

Linear unilateral basal cell nevus with comedo-like lesions

A 20-year-old woman had linear unilateral basal cell nevus with comedo-like lesions. Numerous papules were distributed on the left side of the upper aspect of the trunk in a zosteriform fashion. The indivisual lesions were hemispherical, pearly, and waxy tumors, some of which had central plugs. Histologic examination revealed polymorphous patterns that suggested that the tumor cells differentiated toward the apocrine glands, hair structures, and sebaceous glands. Ultrastructurally, the tumor strands were composed of fairly mature basal cells with well-developed tonofilaments and desmosomes.     

Basal Cell Carcinoma Arising in Nevus Sebaceous during Childhood

Abstract: Nevus sebaceous usually occurs as a solitary lesion located mostly on the scalp and the face. The potential for nevus sebaceous to develop malignancy is well recognized, though it is generally thought that this transformation occurs only postpubertally or later. However, few cases of basal cell carcinoma arising in nevus sebaceous before puberty were reported. Herein, we report a case of basal cell carcinoma arising in a nevus sebaceous on the scalp of a 10‐year‐old boy, and a review of the literature on prepubertal cases and the need for prophylactic surgery.     

Cutaneous spindle cell squamous cell carcinoma in nevus sebaceous

A case of a 28 year-old Chinese male who presented with a rapidly growing tumor within a nevus sebaceous on his right cheek. The tumor was excised and immunohistochemical analysis and histology were consistent with spindle-cell squamous cell carcinoma. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first report of cutaneous spindle-cell squamous cell carcinoma developing in nevus sebaceous in the English literature. This report highlights the importance of early excision of any nevus sebaceous with a history of change.     

毛囊痣

报告1例毛囊痣。患者女，15岁。右颈前肤色丘疹15年，无自觉症状。皮肤科检查：右颈前一直径0．3cm肤色圆柱形丘疹，质地中等。组织病理检查示真皮内成熟毳毛毛囊明显增多，周围纤维组织鞘增厚，部分毛囊周围见皮脂腺结构，未见明显脂肪细胞和软骨结构。     

An updated review of the sebaceous gland and its role in health and diseases Part 1: Embryology,evolution, structure,and function of sebaceous glands

Sebaceous glands are sebum‐secreting components of pilosebaceous units. The embryological development of the sebaceous gland follows that of the hair follicle and epidermal tissue, beginning between weeks 13 and 16 of fetal development. New sebaceous glands do not normally develop following birth, but their size increases with age. Sebocytes express a multitude of hormone receptors and are heavily regulated to secrete sebum by androgens. There is a large increase of sebum excretion at birth and again at puberty, until approximately age 17. In adulthood, sebum production remains stable and declines to zero in postmenopausal women and in men aged 60‐70. Besides the production and release of sebum, sebaceous glands function to lubricate the skin and hair, provide thermoregulation, and exhibit antimicrobial activity. Research has shown sebaceous glands to possess the cellular capability to transcribe genes necessary for androgen metabolism. Dysfunction of the sebaceous gland can be seen primarily in steatocystoma simplex and multiplex, sebaceous gland hyperplasia, sebaceoma, sebaceous adenoma, sebaceous carcinoma, nevus sebaceus, and folliculosebaceous cystic hamartoma. Sebaceous glands are secondarily involved in acne vulgaris, seborrheic dermatitis, and androgenic alopecia.     

Hair follicle nevus - A dermoscopic approach

We report the case of a 26-year-old man who presented with small soft nodules with tiny hairs that had been present on his nose since childhood. The nodules were initially diagnosed as melanocytic nevi. However, dermoscopy showed many uniform hair follicles and an interfollicular 'pseudo-pigment network' in the nodules. Histologically, many well-differentiated hair follicles and sebaceous glands were seen in the dermis. Serial sectioning revealed neither central cysts nor a central canal. We therefore diagnosed this case as hair follicle nevus. Dermoscopy is now widely used as a non-invasive, in vivo technique for the diagnosis of pigmented skin lesions. Hair follicle nevus is a very rare disease and this is the first report to demonstrate the manifestation of this clinical entity by dermoscopy.     

儿童脑回状皮脂腺痣14例临床分析

目的 探讨脑回状皮脂腺痣的临床表现、病理特征及手术时机.方法 回顾2014年6月至2019年12月北京儿童医院皮肤科诊治的14例脑回状皮脂腺痣患儿的临床特点、组织病理学特征以及手术治疗时机.结果 14例患儿中男10例,女4例,出生即有皮损,单发且位于头面部,外观与脑回结构相似,平均直径4.79 cm.所有患儿系统检查均...