帕金森病与非帕金森病患者围手术期并发症的对比研究

目的 回顾性分析帕金森与非帕金森患者围手术期并发症的发生情况,为帕金森患者的围手术期管理提供依据.方法 选取2014年1月—2019年3月在贵州医科大学附属医院行手术治疗的82例患者作为实验组,另取同期该院行手术治疗的164例非帕金森患者作为对照组.比较两组患者临床资料、围手术期并发症发生率等.结果 两组临床资料比较,...     

老年患者前列腺电切手术期间体温保护的临床观察

目的 观察曲马多静注联合物理保温预防老年患者经尿道前列腺电切术(trans urethral resection prostate,TURP)围术期低体温发生的临床意义.方法 收集本科2014年6月至2015年6月拟行TURP的老年患者75例,年龄60 ～70(64.58 ±2.24)岁.采用抽签的方法分为曲马多药物保护组、物理保温组和联合保护组,每组25例.入室心电监护,观察并记录肛温,3组患者均采用腰麻联合硬膜外麻醉.曲马多药物保护组患者给予常规干预,麻醉后静脉给予曲马多1.5 mg/kg稀释后缓慢静注,等渗冲洗液及静脉输液均为室温(22℃),围术期不作任何加温保护.物理保温组等渗冲洗液及静脉输注液体预先加温至38℃,手术床铺设38℃循环水毯,充气加温毯进行体表覆盖.联合保护组患者综合上述两种保护方法.记录3组患者术前(T1)、手术开始即刻(T2)、手术1h(T3)、手术结束(T4)体温.同时评估患者术后寒战、心律失常发生情况和术后平均住院时间.结果 3组患者术前一般情况及术中输液量和冲洗液量比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).T3、T4时刻,联合保护组体温明显高于其余两组(P＜0.05).单纯物理或者药物保护组患者随手术时间推移,体温呈逐渐下降趋势,T3、T4时刻与术前体温比较有明显差异(P＜0.05),而联合保护组患者围术期体温没有明显的波动.联合保护组围手术期的寒战、心律失常发生率低于其他两组,术后平均住院天数也明显低于其他两组(P＜0.05).结论 曲马多静注联合物理保温能更有效地避免老年患者TURP术中低体温的发生,并减少寒战、心律失常和尿路感染等并发症发生.     

Stanford A型主动脉夹层手术死亡风险因素分析

目的 收集Stanford A型夹层患者围术期的临床资料以分析探讨夹层术后死亡的独立风险因素.方法 收集2012年1月-2020年1月安徽医科大学第一附属医院心脏大血管外科收治共68例Stanford A型主动脉夹层手术患者的围手术期资料,根据患者预后分为术后存活组(50例)和术后死亡组(18例).收集患者临床资料,对...     

甲状腺癌患者的围手术期护理体会

目的分析对甲状腺癌患者的围手术期护理措施与护理效果。方法将本院2017年4月至2018年4月收治的甲状腺癌患者共计12例作为研究资料,为了便于比较观察,将全部患者随机分组:观察组(6例)和对照组(6例),给予对照组患者实施常规围手术期护理,给予观察组患者实施加强围手术期护理措施。结果比较两组患者的护理总有效率情况,观察组显著高于对照组患者,经比较,有显著的统计学差异(P0.05);比较两组患者对护理服务的满意度情况,观察组显著高于对照组患者,经比较,有显著的统计学差异(P0.05)。结论对于甲状腺癌患者实施加强围手术期护理措施,整体效果佳,值得在临床中推荐应用。     

我院围手术期抗菌药物使用情况分析

本文通过调查和分析我院围手术期抗菌药物使用情况.回顾性调查分析我院2009年1月至12月450例围手术期患者抗菌药物使用情况.得出结论:围手术期抗菌药物选择不合理,围手术期用药时间、用药途径、用法不当,联合用药不合理,用药时间持续过长等较为普遍,围手术期预防性用抗菌药物应适当控制.     

冠脉支架术后非心脏手术围手术期抗凝治疗分析

目的:分析经皮冠状动脉介入手术治疗术后患者行非心脏外科手术围手术期抗凝策略与心脏事件的关系。方法:回顾性分析2009年1月至2014年5月在PCI术后1年内行择期非心脏手术患者56例患者的临床资料,择期手术前予低分子肝素替代治疗,术后分为继续低分子肝素抗凝组(32例)与未抗凝组(24例),观察术后心脏事件发生情况。结果:术后1周内出现急性冠脉综合症患者中,抗凝组有1例,未抗凝组有8例,两者有统计学意义。结论:近期行PCI术的患者在行择期非心脏手术围手术期合理选择抗凝治疗方案,可以明显降低围手术期心脏事件的发生率,且并不增加术后出血的风险。     

老年股骨骨折病人围手术期护理分析

目的:探讨老年股骨骨折病人围手术期护理现状和最佳护理方法,旨在提升老年股骨骨折病人围手术期护理有效率和满意度.方法:选取2011年3月至2015年5月我院收治的老年股骨骨折病人35例,这35例患者都在我院进行临床手术治疗和围手术期护理,随机均匀分成两组,对照组患者主要进行常规围手术期护理,观察组患者主要进行系统化的对症护理干预,观察比较两组患者围手术期护理有效情况.结果:经过两组患者围手术期护理,在患者临床护理有效情况和满意情况上,观察组明显优于对照组,且在患者后期并发症发生情况和生活质量改善情况上,观察组也明显优于对照组.结论:系统化对症护理干预老年股骨骨折手术患者效果显著.     

曲马多预防阑尾炎手术腰硬联合麻醉后寒战的剂量观察

目的 探讨曲马多预防阑尾炎手术腰硬联合麻醉后寒战的最佳剂量.方法 选择在腰硬联合麻醉下行阑尾切除术患者125例,随机分为五组,每组25例:A组静注1 mg/kg曲马多;B组静注1.5 mg/kg曲马多;C组静注2 mg/kg曲马多;D组静注2.5 mg/kg曲马多;E组静注生理盐水作为对照.持续监测围术期呼吸、循环的变化,测定麻醉阻滞平面,观察记录患者寒战及不良反应发生的情况.结果 患者呼吸道通畅,SpO2均在95%以上.围术期循环变化差异均无显著性(P＞0.05); A、B、C、D组阑尾炎患者麻醉后寒战的发生率均显著低于E组(P＜0.05);与其他组相比,B组有适度的镇静作用,未增加恶心、呕吐发生率,患者的满意度最高.结论 曲马多1.5 mg/kg静脉注射能够安全有效地预防腰硬联合麻醉后阑尾炎患者的寒战反应,且具有良好的镇痛、镇静和防止牵拉反应的作用,是一较佳的临床推荐剂量.     

绝经后女性阴式手术围手术期处理

目的探讨绝经后女性阴式手术围手术期处理.方法对1999年6月～2004年6月收治的绝经后行阴式手术的66例患者围手术期处理资料进行回顾性分析.结果66例患者经围手术期积极处理,手术经过顺利,均痊愈出院.结论绝经后女性雌激素水平低,内科合并症多,给阴式手术带来困难,术前应少量补充雌激素结合局部用药改善阴道黏膜情况,联合内科医生指导内科用药,使患者安全度过围手术期.     

浅谈护理质控干预围手术期抗生素使用效果分析

目的:研究护理质量控制对围手术期患者抗生素使用干预效果的合理性。方法:选取2014年1月至12月份,某院开展手术治疗的患者样本共2 000例,质控组(1 000例)的患者在围手术期,由护理人员按照医嘱规范使用抗生素;对照组(1 000例)患者围手术期进行的抗生素使用方式进行,同时以切口感染情况作为抗生素使用合理的标志。结果:在干预围手术期抗生素使用合理性方面,质控组明显优于对照组。结论:护理质量控制管理可以有效干预围手术期抗生素合理使用,降低切口感染率。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.