艾蒿、青蒿花粉变应原组分的研究

目的 对艾蒿、青蒿花粉变应原进行分离、鉴定。方法 采用不同的提取方式得到艾蒿、青蒿花粉的粗浸液，通过饱和(NH4)2SO4分级沉淀、聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)分离蛋白质组分，并用凝胶成像系统测定各组分的相对分子质量(Mc)；采用Western-blotting鉴定2种花粉的主要及次要变应原。结果 艾蒿、青蒿花粉分别分离到二十和十多种蛋白质组分。其中艾蒿花粉的组分中有9种蛋白能与患者血清中蒿属花粉特异性IgE结合，Mr为62000、43000、38000的蛋白条带的结合率最高。青蒿花粉的组分中有11种蛋白能与患者血清中蒿属花粉特异性：[gE结合，肘。为43000、38000的蛋白条带结合率最高。结论 艾蒿花粉的主要变应原Mr分别为62000、43000和38000，青蒿花粉的主要变应原Mr分别为43000和38000；2种花粉变应原组分存在很大相似性，但也有各自特异的变应原组分。     

重阳木花粉过敏原的分析、鉴定与纯化

 【摘要】 目的　对重阳木花粉变应原蛋白进行分析、鉴定与纯化。方法　提取这重阳木花粉的粗提液,通过十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS - PAGE)分离粗提液蛋白质组分并测定其分子量,收集过敏病人血清,采用免疫印迹(Western - blotting)法鉴定其变应原成分,通过离子交换层析对重阳木花粉变应原进行初步纯化和免疫印迹鉴定。结果　重阳木花粉有18条主要蛋白带,12 000Mr和14 000Mr为重阳木花粉特异性变应原;通过离子交换层析方法纯化出重阳木花粉分子量为12 000Mr和14 000Mr的变应原主要分布在II峰中。结论　对重阳木花粉变应原进行了初步的分离、鉴定和纯化,为临床重阳木花粉过敏疾病的诊断和治疗奠定了基础。     

重阳木花粉过敏原的分离、纯化和鉴定

目的对重阳木花粉变应原蛋白进行分离、纯化和鉴定。方法采用Coca s液提取重阳木花粉的粗提液,通过十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)分离粗提液蛋白质组分,并测定其分子质量;收集过敏患者血清,用Western blot法鉴定其变应原成分;通过离子交换层析对重阳木花粉变应原进行初步纯化和免疫印迹鉴定。结果分离得到重阳木花粉18条蛋白带,其中分子质量为12和14 ku的是重阳木花粉的特异性变应原,通过离子交换柱层析方法纯化得到其相应的纯化蛋白。结论对重阳木花粉变应原进行了初步的分离、纯化和鉴定,为临床重阳木花粉过敏疾病的诊断和治疗奠定了基础。     

椰子花粉过敏原的分离、鉴定与纯化

目的 对椰子花粉的变应原组分进行初步的分离、鉴定及纯化.方法 提取椰子花粉粗提液,用十二烷基硫酸钠.聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(sDS-PAGE)分离椰子花粉的蛋白质组分并测定其相对分子质量,采用免疫印迹法鉴定其变应原成分,并通过离子交换层析对椰子花粉变应原进行初步分离纯化,免疫印迹进行检测.结果 SDS-PAGE显示椰子花粉粗提液有10条蛋白带,其中相对分子质量(肘,)为60 000、50 000、35 000、28 000、19 000、16 000和14 000的蛋白可与椰子花粉过敏性病人血清IgE结合,且M,50 000、16 000和14 000为主要变应原;离子交换层析结果显示主要过敏原成分主要分布在V峰中.结论 对椰子花粉变应原进行了初步的分离、鉴定和纯化,为临床椰子花粉变态反应疾病的诊断和治疗奠定了基础.     

油菜花粉过敏原的分析、鉴定与纯化

目的对油菜花粉的变应原组分进行鉴定及初步的分离及纯化。方法提取油菜花粉粗提液,然后通过十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)分离油菜花粉的蛋白质组分并测定其相对分子质量,采用免疫印迹(Western blotting)法鉴定其变应原成分,并通过离子交换层析对油菜花粉变应原进行初步分离纯化,免疫印迹进行检测。结果油菜花粉粗提液有10余条蛋白带,其中相对分子质量为30 000、25 000、15 000和10 000的蛋白可与油菜花粉过敏性病人血清IgE结合,其中15 000和10 000为主要变应原;离子交换层析结果显示主要过敏原成分主要分布在Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ峰中。结论对油菜花粉变应原进行了初步的分离、鉴定和纯化,为临床油菜花粉变态反应疾病的诊断和治疗奠定了基础。     

青蒿花粉变应原Art a1基因的克隆、表达及特性鉴定

目的克隆、表达和鉴定青蒿花粉变应原Arta1。方法在成功构建青蒿花粉cDNA文库的基础上,用蒿属花粉过敏患者的阳性混合血清进行免疫学筛选,所获阳性克隆亚克隆入pET24a(+),经IPTG诱导表达后,通过Ni2+亲和层析柱对重组变应原进行纯化,并采用Westernblot和ELISA检测其IgE结合活性。结果选用阳性血清从青蒿花粉cDNA文库中筛选到1个阳性克隆,经序列测定,该基因与GenBank中已知基因无明显同源性,含有长度为609bp的开放阅读框,编码203个氨基酸,命名为Arta1;该重组变应原在大肠杆菌中高效表达为相对分子质量(Mr)为22.7×103蛋白,进一步在Ni2+亲和层析柱得到高度纯化;免疫学分析表明重组变应原有良好的IgE结合活性。结论本研究克隆和鉴定了一个青蒿花粉主要变应原Arta1(登录号为:CK700713),为花粉过敏性疾病的诊断和免疫治疗及进一步的实验研究奠定基础。     

王棕花粉变应原的分析与鉴定

目的对我国南方常见的棕榈科植物王棕花粉（Roystonea regia pollen）变应原蛋白进行分离、分析与鉴定,为标准化变应原疫苗的研制提供基础。方法取常规方法制备的王棕花粉浸出液,采用SDS．PAGE分离王棕花粉蛋白质组分,测定其相对分子量,同时用10例对王棕花粉过敏的患者血清作Western-blot鉴定其变应原及主要变应原成分。结果SDS．PAGE显示王棕花粉有10条可辨蛋白带,其中主要条带有8条,分别为100000、66000、38000、36000、29000、30000、24000、16000和14000Mr,Western—blot结果表明,10例王棕花粉过敏患者血清全部呈阳性反应,有66000、24000、16000和14000Mr共4条致敏条带,其中分子量在16000和14000Mr的蛋白为主要变应原。结论王棕花粉变应原的分析与鉴定为临床王棕花粉变态反应疾病的诊断和治疗奠定了基础。     

卡介苗胞壁蛋白诱导人肺腺上皮细胞hBD-1mRNA表达及其抗菌活性的增强

目的分离和鉴定刺激人肺腺上皮细胞(SPC-A-1)β-防御素-1(hBD-1)基因表达的卡介苗胞壁活性蛋白,开发增强粘膜抗菌肽基因表达的免疫增强剂为防治粘膜感染的研究打基础。方法采用超声破碎细胞、蔗糖密度梯度离心、SephadexG-150柱层析等方法分离卡介苗胞壁蛋白质组分;应用逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）法和Northern杂交检测SPC-A-1细胞hBD-1mRNA的表达;采用琼脂糖弥散杀菌法检测SPC-A-1细胞培养上清的抗菌活性。结果利用RT-PCR和Northern杂交分析,证实卡介苗刺激SPC-A-1细胞hBD-1mRNA的表达增强了2倍。卡介苗胞壁蛋白SephadexG-150层析所得6个组分中,组分5［相对分子质量（Mr）范围在21×103～29×103］诱导SPC-A-1细胞hBD-1mRNA的表达增强4倍,其培养上清的抗菌活性显著增强。这种诱导作用具剂量和时间依赖关系。结论卡介苗能增强人肺腺上皮SPC-A-1细胞hBD-1mRNA的表达及其抗菌活性;Mr为21×103～29×103的胞壁蛋白组分起这种刺激作用。     

重组人Ⅱ型胶原250-270多肽的表达及活性研究

目的　表达、分离、纯化重组人Ⅱ型胶原 2 5 0 2 70多肽 (recombinanthumancollagentypeⅡpeptide 2 5 0 2 70 ,rhCⅡ 2 5 0 2 70 )并研究其对类风湿关节炎 (rheumatoidarthritis ,RA)患者外周血单个核细胞 (PBMC)和关节滑液单个核细胞 (SFMC)中特异性T细胞的活化作用。方法　利用DNA合成、聚合酶链式反应、重组DNA等基因工程的方法构建含有人Ⅱ型胶原功能性多肽CⅡ 2 5 0 2 70多聚基因的表达载体pGEX 4T 1,转化E .coliBL2 1,融合表达目的蛋白 ,经GlutathioneSepharose○R4B亲和层析柱分离纯化 ,12 %聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳 (SDS PAGE)和凝胶薄层扫描测量其相对分子质量 (Mr)和纯度。以不同浓度 (0 .1、1.0、10、10 0、10 0 0 μg/ml)的 6聚rhCⅡ 2 5 0 2 70和化学合成的CⅡ 2 5 0 2 70刺激体外培养的RA患者PBMC和SFMC ,等浓度的GST蛋白和PBS作为阴性对照 ,流式细胞仪测定刺激前后 2组培养细胞中T细胞CD6 9的表达率 ,以分析其对特异性T细胞的活化作用。结果　融合表达的目的产物经SDS PAGE分析 ,相对分子质量 (Mr)大小约为 43× 10 3,与预期相符。分离纯化的 6聚rhCⅡ 2 5 0 2 70经SDS PAGE凝胶薄层扫描 ,纯度为 89% ,浓度为 2 .1mg/ml。FACS分析 :经 10 0 μg/ml浓度的 6×rhCⅡ2 5 0 2 70刺激 3d     

利用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳纯化的微量蛋白制备抗血清

目的　以SDS PAGE纯化的微量蛋白制备抗人层粘连蛋白受体前体蛋白 (LRP)的血清。方法　以SDS PAGE分离纯化原核表达的人LRP与 6×组氨酸的融合蛋白 ,切下并粉碎融合蛋白所在凝胶块。将含 10 μg融合蛋白的凝胶颗粒与弗氏佐剂混匀后 ,免疫BALB/c小鼠。以Westernblot检测所获抗血清的滴度和特异性。结果　以胃癌细胞总蛋白为靶抗原时 ,Westernblot显示 ,所获抗血清仅识别 1条Mr 约 4 2 0 0 0的蛋白带 ,将抗血清做 1∶2 0 0 0稀释后 ,仍能清晰地显示其靶抗原所在位置。结论　以聚丙烯酰胺凝胶颗粒为载体 ,用微量蛋白即可成功地制备抗血清     

小鼠IgG类单克隆抗体三种纯化方法的比较

单克隆抗体纯化技术目前仍在发展中,为适应其在临床诊断、治疗等方面日益广泛的应用,本文详细介绍了辛酸硫酸铵二步沉淀、羟基磷灰石层析和葡萄球菌A蛋白亲和层析纯化小鼠IgG类单克隆抗体的技术及其重要改进,为规模性制备纯化单克隆抗体制剂提供了经验。     

Separation of High‐Impact Polypropylene Using Interactive Liquid Chromatography

Fractionation techniques such as temperature rising elution fractionation or crystallization analysis fractionation fail to fractionate the ethylene–propylene (EP) copolymers, which are a component of high‐impact polypropylene (hiPP), according to their chemical composition. High‐temperature high‐performance liquid chromatography separates blends of EP‐copolymers and polypropylene. The elution volume of the EP‐copolymers depends linearly on the average content of ethylene. The separation according to the chemical composition was hyphenated with size exclusion chromatography. In this way, the relationship between the distribution with regard to chemical composition and molar mass, that is, the full chemical heterogeneity of hiPP, was revealed for the first time.     

介绍一种大量纯化钙调素的方法

本文介绍了一种适于大量制备钙调素的简易实用方法。，我们用该方法从２．５ｋｇ猪脑组织中一次纯化了１５０ｍｇ，经鉴定，所提ＣａＭ的纯度在ＳＤＳ ＰＡＧＥ中呈一区带，分子量为１９ｋＤ，等电点为４．３８。并对ＰＤＥ有明显的激活作用，该作用可被特异性抑制剂ＴＦＰ抑制。     

Characterization of Porcine Zona Pellucida Antigens by Immunoaffinity Chromatography and by High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography

ABSTRACT: In the present work, 500 and 50,000 porcine zonae pellucidae were solubilized using Lithium-3,5-diiodosalicylate. The zona antigens were purified by immunoaffinity chromatography (IAC) on immobilized antizona immunoglobulin G (IgG). The antizona-IgG was raised by immunization of female rabbits with 500 heat-solubilized porcine zonae. Four antigens could be detected following IAC: ZP I/1 (M_r = 42,000), ZP II/1 (M_r = 67,000), ZP II/2 (M_r = 32,000), ZP III/1 (M_r = 17,000). In a parallel experiment, 50,000 zonae were solubilized in a similar manner and the mixture was analyzed by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) using a protein column. Altogether, 9 protein peaks that contained the antigens ZP I/1, ZP II/1, ZP II/2, and ZP III/1 could be detected following HPLC. The carbohydrate composition is characteristic for O-glycosidic-glycoproteins. ZP II/1 and ZP II/2 are probably in close association within the zona. Based on the reaction of the antigens with antibodies induced by intact and heat-solubilized zonae, it is postulated that only ZP I/1 and ZP II/l are expressed on the surface in intact zonae.     

Molecular weight fractionation of proteins within the range 10−7–10−8 g by microgel chromatography

A method of microgel chromatography of proteins on a Sephadex G-75 (superfine) column with a working volume of 110–150 l is described. By means of the method molecular weight fractionation of proteins can be carried out within the range 10^–7–10^–8 g in the course of 45–60 min.Microchemistry Room, Laboratory of Physiological Mechanisms of Memory Control, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR A. N. Klimov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 83, No. 5, pp. 635–636, May, 1977.     

疏水层析法和凝胶过滤法分离HI47抗CD20 F(ab'''')2之比较

目的　比较疏水层析和凝胶过滤两种方法分离纯化HI4 7抗CD2 0F(ab’) 2 的优缺点。方法　采用亲和层析柱protein G对发酵菌体裂解液进行粗纯化,分别采用疏水层析法和凝胶过滤法进行抗CD2 0F(ab’) 2 的分离纯化:疏水层析采用梯度洗脱,80 %B液洗脱2 0min ,10 0 %B液洗脱30min ;凝胶过滤以5 0mmol LPB缓冲液(pH 7.0 ) ,0 .8mL min洗脱4h。结果　粗纯化产物主要含F(ab’) 2 、Fab’,含量分别为19.6 %、5 9.7%。采用疏水层析法1h即可完成分离,F(ab’) 2 回收率为6 7% ,纯度为89.3% ;凝胶过滤4h完成分离,F(ab’) 2 回收率为6 5 % ,纯度为90 .5 %。FACS结果表明,两者结合Raji细胞的阳性率分别为99.93%和99.97%。结论　疏水层析分离纯化抗CD2 0F(ab’) 2 简单、快速、回收率高、纯度高,适用于大规模的工业化生产。     

Characterization of the Chemical Composition Distribution of Poly(n‐butyl acrylate‐stat‐acrylic acid)s

A size exclusion chromatography (SEC)‐gradient method is developed allowing poly(n‐butyl acrylate‐stat‐acrylic acid)s to be separated with respect to content of acrylic acid over the ­complete composition range. After setting up the chromatographic method, samples that, according to the amounts of charged monomers, are expected to have identical chemical composition are compared. The chromatograms reveal differences in elution volume, which, by ¹H NMR spectroscopy, can be partially traced back to differences in polymer composition. In addition, samples of similar compositions prepared in ­different solvents exhibit differences in chemical composition distribution.

     

Two‐Dimensional Chromatography of Complex Polymers, 7 – Detailed Study of Polystyrene‐block‐Polyisoprene Diblock Copolymers Prepared by Sequential Anionic Polymerization and Coupling Chemistry

Two‐dimensional chromatographic methods were developed using LC‐CC in the first and SEC in the second dimension. These methods were applied for the investigation of PS‐b‐PI diblock copolymers synthesized by different approaches: sequential living anionic polymerization and coupling of living precursor blocks. The first dimension separates according to the individual block length of PS or PI blocks, whereas the second dimension separates with respect to the total molar masses of components. 2D‐LC analysis provides information on the purity of the reaction products, the presence of by‐products, the chemical compositions and the molar masses of all product components. The accuracy and selectivity of 2D‐LC is discussed.

     

Improved preparation of a chitosan-based immunoaffinity column using antibody against methandrostenolone as ligand

Chitosan is obtained by N-deacetylation of chitin, which is the second most abundant natural biopolymer. In this study, an improved preparation and characterisation of a chitosan-based immunoaffinity chromatography (IAC) column were performed. The immunoaffinity adsorbent was prepared by covalently coupling monoclonal antibody (mAb) against methandrostenolone (MA) to glutaraldehyde cross-linked chitosan (chitosan CL). Scanning electron micrograph of chitosan CL indicated that the shape of the particles was spherical with a diameter range from about 300 to 500 µm. Infrared spectral analysis suggested that the immunoaffinity adsorbent was successfully prepared by coupling antibody with chitosan CL. For chromatographic extraction, 90% methanol was selected as eluant. Under optimum conditions, the maximum binding capacity of the IAC column was 3900 ng MA/mL adsorbent. The average recovery of 50, 250 and 500 ng of MA standards from IAC columns was 96.9% with a relative standard deviation among columns of 1.48%. After eight uses, the extraction recovery of the IAC column remained 82.1%. To further verify the effect of matrices on the extraction efficiency, the IAC columns were challenged with MA-fortified animal tissue and feed samples. Recoveries were 84.9–87.1%, demonstrating the effectiveness of these IAC columns for sample clean-up in MA residue determination.     

人血小板/T细胞活化抗原1(PTA1)亲和层析柱的制备及PTA1/Ig的纯化

目的：制备可用于纯化血小板／Ｔ细胞活化抗原１（ｐｌａｔｅｌｅｔａｎｄＴｃｅｌａｃｔｉｖａｔｉｏｎａｎｔｉｇｅｎ１，ＰＴＡ１）融合蛋白的亲和层析柱，纯化真核表达的ＰＴＡ１／Ｉｇ融合蛋白，以进一步研究ＰＴＡ１的功能及其配体。方法：以硫酸铵及阴离子交换色谱法纯化抗ＰＴＡ１ｍＡｂ，并交联Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ４Ｂ制备ＰＴＡ１亲和层析柱。通过亲和层析法，从ｐＰＴＡ１／Ｉｇ表达载体转染的ＣＯＳ７细胞培养上清中纯化ＰＴＡ１／Ｉｇ融合蛋白，用夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ及ＳＤＳＰＡＧＥ鉴定纯化结果。结果：硫酸铵及阴离子交换色谱纯化后，获得纯度高和活性好的抗ＰＴＡ１ｍＡｂ，用其交联Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ４Ｂ制备ＰＴＡ１亲和层析柱，交联率为９６％。该亲和层析柱可从ｐＰＴＡ１／Ｉｇ转染的ＣＯＳ７细胞上清每１００ｍｌ中，纯化ＰＴＡ１／Ｉｇ融合蛋白约１２６μｇ。结论：制备成功可用于纯化ＰＴＡ１的亲和层析柱，并获得纯化的ＰＴＡ１／Ｉｇ融合蛋白，为进一步研究ＰＴＡ１的功能及鉴定其配体提供了有力手段