PCNA基因反义RNA表达质粒的构建及人胃癌裸鼠移植瘤的抑制效应

为观察ＰＣＮＡ基因反义ＲＮＡ表达质粒对人胃癌裸鼠移植瘤的抑制效应,用ＤＮＡ重组法将人ＰＣＮＡ基因反向克隆到真核细胞表达质粒ｐＤＯＲ－ｎｅｏ中,构建成ＰＣＮＡ基因真核表达质粒ｐＤＲ－ＰＣＮＡ,用Ｌｉｐｏｆｅｃｔ ＡＭＩＮ＾ＴＭ介导转梁人胃癌细胞系ＳＧＣ－７９０１,并接种于裸鼠背部皮下。经Ｇ４１８筛选获得的转染细胞系ＳＧＣ／ＰＣＮＡ与亲本细胞相比,其生长速度减慢,ＲＮＡ、蛋白质生物合成受到抑制,Ｓ期、     

小鼠神经生长因子cDNA的克隆及核苷酸序列分析

用Ｔ４－ＤＮＡ连接酶在限制性内切酶ＳｍａＩ存在下，将神经生长因子ｃＤＮＡ片断克隆到具有双向转录启动子的载体质粒ｐＧＥＭ３Ｚｆ（＋）中。Ｓａｎｇｅｒ双脱氧链终止法测定其核苷酸顺序表明，所克隆的ＮＧＦｃＤＮＡ片断，长３６３ｂｐ，包含了成熟神经生长因子的全部编码。该重组质粒可分别用于制备ＮＧＦｃＤＮＡ探针和ＲＮＡ探针，是研究ＮＧＦ基因结构及表达调控等方面的重要工具。     

γ干扰素基因转移的肿瘤细胞克隆株建立及其体内外生长特性的研究

本文构建了正向连入人ＩＦＮ－γｃＤＮＡ片段的重组表达质粒ｐＭＡＭｎｅｏ－γ－ＩＦＮ，大量提取纯化后，以Ｌｉｐｏｆｅｃｔｉｎ为介质将其转染胃癌细胞７９０１中，Ｇ４１８抗性筛选出阳性克隆后，地塞米松诱导其分泌ＩＦＮ－γ，经ＩＦＮ－γ活性测定选出高分泌ＩＦＮ－γ的细胞株ＲｐＭ７９０１７＃（１７２５ＩＵ／ｍｌ），并经Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ证实人ＩＦＮ－γｃＤＮＡ基因确已导入该细胞中。在体外培养过程中，地塞米松诱导前的ＲｐＭ７９０１细胞与转染了对照质粒ｐＭＡＭｎｅｏ的细胞ｐＭ７９０１及野生型７９０１细胞在形态、生长能力等方面皆无明显差别，而经诱导后分泌ＩＦＮ－γ的ＲｐＭ７９０１细胞变得粗糙，胞内颗粒明显增多，有些细胞增大，胞质出现空泡，乃至死亡，细胞生长曲线显示其增殖能力显著减弱，细胞增殖缓慢，且在软琼脂培养中基本不生长。裸鼠体内接种显示，高分泌ＩＦＮ－γ的ＲｐＭ７９０１细胞在致瘤原性上显著低于野生型７９０１细胞及ｐＭ７９０１细胞。结果提示，克隆高分泌ＩＦＮ－γ的肿瘤细胞可用于制备新型瘤苗，探索用于肿瘤的基因治疗。     

p53及其效应分子p21和Gadd45在纺锤体检查点调控中的作用

目的：观察ｐ５３效应分子ｐ２１、Ｇａｄｄ４５是否参与人源细胞纺锤体检查点调控。方法：利用基因转染技术构建稳定表达ｐ２１、Ｇａｄｄ４５反义ＲＮＡ的ＭＣＦ－７细胞系,观察纺锤体抑制剂诺考达唑是否诱导多倍体细胞产生,细胞纺锤体检查点调控是否异常。结果：诺考达唑诱导２３ｈ、６０ｈ均未观察到稳定表达ｐ２１、Ｇａｄｄ４５反义ＲＮＡ的ＭＣＦ－７细胞多倍体产生,但表达ｐ２１反义ＲＮＡ的ＭＣＦ－７细胞,诺考达唑引起     

反义核酸对辐射所致白血病的逆转作用

目的探讨ｃ－ｍｙｂ基因反义核酸对辐射所致白血病的逆转作用。方法以脂质体为载体,用人工合成的ｃ－ｍｙｂ基因反义寡核苷酸（ＡＳＯＤＮ）及无关寡核苷酸（Ｎ－ＡＳＯＤＮ）作用于人急性红白血病Ｋ５６２细胞系,以观察Ｋ５６２细胞的增殖、集落形成、ＤＮＡ合成及ｃ－ｍｙｂ癌基因的表达。结果ＡＳＯＤＮ可抑制Ｋ５６２细胞的增殖［作用２４小时,２０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ的ＡＳＯＤＮ的抑制率为（６６．８１±７．５４）％,Ｐ＜０．０１］、集落形成、ＤＮＡ合成［２０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ的ＡＳＯＤＮ作用１２小时、２４小时、４８小时时抑制率分别为（４８．９３±６．７４）％、（６９．５５±１．７８）％和（５７．６２±５．５０）％,Ｐ＜０．０１］及ｃ－ｍｙｂ癌基因的表达;而对照组对Ｋ５６２细胞则无明显影响。结论ｃ－ｍｙｂ基因ＡＳＯＤＮ可逆转Ｋ５６２细胞恶性表型,反义技术对白血病的防治指出了新方向。     

受电离辐射的细胞中p53介导增殖细胞核抗原表达的调控

增殖细胞核抗原（ＰＣＮＡ）是一种高度保守的细胞蛋白,在ＤＮＡ复制和修复中起作用。本实验用γ射线照射大鼠胚胎成纤维细胞（ＣＲＥＦ）诱导ｐ５３,研究照射后ＰＣＮＡ表达的机制。方法：实验用ｐＢＡＣＡＴ（其ＰＣＮＡ－氯霉素转移酶报告基因区域内含有人ＰＣＮＡ启动子序列）和ｐＣＭＶ－ＤＭｐ５３（表达突变型ｐ５３蛋白）两种质粒,照前２４小时用磷酸钙介导法将报告质粒转染细胞,６小时后实行甘油休克;转染２４小时后用１３７　Ｃｓγ射线照射ＣＲＥＦ１２Ｇｙ,剂量率为１．２５Ｇｙ·ｍｉｎ－１。照后在４８小时内进行细胞瞬…     

人β－干扰素在杆状病毒载体与Sf细胞体系中的表达

采用苜蓿尺蠖核多角休病毒（Ａｕｔｏｇｒａｐｈａｃａｌｉｆｏｒｎｉｃａｎｕｃｌｅａｒｐｏｌｙｈｅｄｒｏｓｉｓｖｉｒｕｓ，ＡｃＮＰＶ）ＤＮＡ中多角体蛋白基因启动子及其前后序列作为转移载体，将人β－干扰素（ＨｕＩＦＮ－β基因插入转移载体ｐＵＡｃ－５，构建成ｐＡｃ－ＩＦＮ－β载体。该质粒ＤＮＡ与野生型ＡｃＮＰＶＤＮＡ经ｌｉｐｏｆｅｃｔｉｎ共转染秋粘虫（Ｓｐｏｄｏｐｔｅｒａｆｒｕｇｉｐｅｒｄａ）传代细胞（Ｓｆ９细胞），利用重组病毒不产生多角体蛋白的特征，进行病毒空斑筛选。用核酸杂交方法鉴定出携带ＨｕＩＦＮ－β基因的主组病毒。用重组病毒感染Ｓｆ９细胞，可表达ｒＨｕＩＦＮ－β。在１．０×１０￣６细胞／ｍｌ感染上清中测定ｒＨｕＩＦＮ－β最高活性为３．０×１０￣６ＩＵ／ｍｌ，抗天然ＨｕＩＦＮ－β抗体能完全中和ｒＨｕＩＦＮ－β的抗病毒活性。     

人CD40分子基因的克隆及其在COS—7细胞中的表达

目的：克隆编码人ＣＤ４０分子基因的全长ｃＤＮＡ,在ＣＯＳ－７细胞中获得高表达。方法：提取人Ｂ淋巴细胞看Ｄａｕｄｉ总ＲＮＡ,以ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ技术克隆了编码人ＣＤ４０基因全长ｃＤＮＡ,序列测定证实其正确性。将测序正确的ＣＤ４０基因克隆入真核表达载体ｐｃＤＮＡ３．１构建重组表达载体。采用脂质体转染试剂脂染胺（Ｌｉｐｏｆｅｃｔａｍｉｎｅ）杂ＣＯＳ－７细胞,用流式细胞仪,免疫细胞化学和免疫荧光法检测ＣＤ４０基     

可溶性E—选择素cDNA基因克隆及其真核表达

从ｐＵＣ１８／Ｅ－选择素重组质粒经ＰＣＲ扩增得到可溶性Ｅ－选择素ｃＤＮＡ基因，将此基础插入到痘苗病毒表达载体ｐＪＳＡ１１７５的Ｓｍａ Ｉ位点，构建了正向表达质粒ｐＪＳＡ１１７５．可溶性Ｅ－选择素，采用脂质供共转染的方法，将上述质粒转染ＴＫ＾－１４３细胞。     

hape反义核酸的构建及其对细胞辐射效应的影响

目的克隆人ＡＰ内切核酸酶基因（ｈａｐｅ）ｃＤＮＡ全长编码序列,研究ｈａｐｅ反义核酸对细胞辐射敏感性和Ｈ２Ｏ２细胞毒的影响。方法反转录ＰＣＲ克隆人ｈａｐｅｃＤＮＡ,应用基因重组技术构建真核反义表达载体,用Ｌｉｐｏｆｅｃｔａｍｉｎｅ介导基因转染,细胞克隆形成法分析细胞存活。结果从人胚肺（ＨＥＬ）细胞中克隆出ｈａｐｅｃＤＮＡ全长编码序列,构建了ｈａｐｅ的真核反义表达质粒ｐＣＩＮ／ＡＳｈａｐｅ并转染ＨＯＣ８细胞,研究表明ｈａｐｅ反义核酸,提高了ＨＯＣ８细胞对γ射线和Ｈ２Ｏ２损伤的敏感性。结论利用分子生物学技术手段,阻断细胞ＤＮＡ修复过程中的某一环节,是细胞辐射或化疗药物增敏的一种有效途径。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.