分次立体定向适形放疗治疗头颈部恶性肿瘤(附31例报告)

对31例头颈部恶性肿瘤患者行分次立体定向适形放疗，采用6MVX线照射，3～5个射野，整体铅模适形，以90％等剂量曲线包绕靶区边缘为处方剂量线，每次剂量2～5Gy，1次／d，每周5d。常规放疗后局部加量为30-36．8Gy，单用三维适形放疗者总剂量为48-60．8Gy。结果完全缓解16例，部分缓解14例，1、2、3、4a生存率分别为80．6％、51．6％、19．4％、9．7％。提示分次立体定向适形放疗技术治疗头颈部恶性肿瘤安全有效。     

鼻咽癌调强放射治疗近期临床效果分析(附53例报告)

对53例初治鼻咽癌患者行调强放疗（IMRT）,其中25例行诱导化疗。鼻咽和颈部靶体积划分为鼻咽大体肿瘤体积、颈部转移淋巴结体积与临床靶体积Ⅰ（CTV1）、CTV2、CTV3,处方剂量分别为CTV1：70～72Gy;CTV2：60～62Gy;CTVn1：68～70Gy;CTvn2：56～60Gy;CTvn3：50～54Gy。31～33次分割。结果：中位随访11个月（1～24个月）,野内复发、内耳复发、颈淋巴结复发各1例,肺转移2例。死亡1例。Ⅲ～Ⅳ级急性放射性黏膜损伤、急性放射性皮肤损伤、口干发生率分别为39．6％（21／38）、5．6％（3／53）、5．6％（3／53）。Ⅱ级张口困难2例,Ⅰ、Ⅱ级听力下降各1例。认为IMRT是治疗鼻咽癌的有效手段、局部控制率高,毒副反应轻,推荐临床应用。     

局部晚期非小细胞肺癌后程加速超分割放射治疗临床分析

目的观察局部晚期非小细胞肺癌后程加速超分割放射治疗（LCAHRT）的毒性和疗效。方法从2000年8月至2002年3月56例经病理诊断或细胞学确诊不能手术Ⅲ期非小细胞肺癌患者随机进入研究，放疗第1阶段大野前后对穿垂直照射原发灶、转移淋巴结、同侧肺门和纵隔淋巴引流区，2．0Gy／次，1融d。总剂量40Gy。第2阶段缩野照射原发灶和转移淋巴结，1．5Gy／次，2次／d，总剂量26～30Gy。结果放疗结束1个月后增强CT评价疗效，56例有效率67．9％，其中完全缓解（cR）3例．部分缓解（PR）35例，稳定（SD）14例，进展（PD）4例。中位生存时间12个月，1、2、3、4年总生存率分别为53．6％、19．6％、5．4％、3．6％。Ⅲa、Ⅲb期中位生存期分别为13、9个月。急性放射反应有放射性食管炎2级20例，3级2例；放射性肺炎2级2例：晚期放射性肺损伤2级5例，3级1例。结论后程超分割放射治疗局部晚期非小细胞肺癌剂量能够得到一定的提高，有很好的近期疗效且副作用可以接受。     

原发性肝癌全身热疗结合介入治疗和三维适形放疗的临床疗效探讨

目的探讨利用全身热疗结合介入和三维适形放疗（3-DCRT）对原发性肝癌进行综合治疗的疗效。方法对原发性肝癌患者进行经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞（TACE）介入治疗，3天后进行全身热疗，2-3周后进行3-DCRT治疗，计划常规分割照射总剂量为48Gy～55Gy。治疗计划中≥90％的等剂量曲线包绕计划靶区PTV（planning target volume）。观察毒、副反应和近期疗效。结果22例原发性肝癌患者治疗后，部分缓解（PR）20例；一年生存率为82％，中位生存时间为9个月。全身热疗过程中，皮肤灼伤：Ⅰ度为36．4％（8／22）；Ⅱ度为4．5％（1／22）；灼伤面积〈2％体表面积。肝脏急性不良反应1级1例。结论介入、热疗结合3-DCRT技术治疗肝细胞癌安全可靠，有利于提高疗效。     

原发性肝癌立体定向适形放射治疗临床研究

探讨立体定向适形放疗在肝癌治疗中的价值。应用6MVX线直线加速器对79例中晚期肝癌行适形性放疗。肿瘤靶体积（GTV）平均336．4cm^3，计划靶体积（PTV）平均416．5cm^3。单次靶区处方剂量2Gy-10Gy，隔日一次。总照射剂量平均38Gy。近期疗效CR24．1％（19／79），PR48．1％（38／79），NR27．89％（22／79），总有效率（CR＋PR）为72．2％。1、2、3年生存率分别为72．1％（57／79）、45．9％（28／61）和20．0％（8／40）。放射性肝炎发生率为6．3％（5／79）。立体定向适形放疗对肝癌具有较好的疗效，是一种较好的治疗模式。     

三种放疗方法对食管癌患者靶区及相关器官的放射线受量比较

目的对比观察三种放疗方法对食管癌患者靶区及相关器官的放射线受量的影响。方法将60例食管癌患者随机分为A、B、C组,分别行常规放疗（CRT）、调强放疗（IMRT）和三维适形放疗（3D-CRT）,总剂量均为56 Gy,采用剂量体积直方图比较靶区剂量和相关器官放射线受量。结果 A、B、C组靶区剂量分别为（56.12±1.23）、（55.87±1.09）、（56.32±1.45）Gy,三组两两比较,P〉0.05。A、B、C组适形指数分别为0.13±0.06、0.20±0.08、0.33±0.07,C组与A、B组比较,P均〈0.05。C组肺脏、脊髓、心脏的剂量体积显著低于A、B组（P均〈0.05）。结论 3种治疗计划均能满足靶区剂量要求,但3D-CRT适形度好、正常组织的受照剂量小。     

肝转移瘤的适形放射治疗

目的观察适形放射治疗对肝转移瘤的治疗效果方法1997－09／1998－04我们采用立体定向适形放射治疗8例肝转移瘤（分别有1～5个转移灶），并进行了术后随访．肿瘤的临床靶体积（CTV）为0．6cm3～232cm3（平均36．4cm3），计划靶体积（PTV）最小照射量为每次照射3．96Gy～6．30Gy（平均5．08Gy），PTV最大照射量为每次照射5．63Gy～10．88Gy（平均6．84Gy），处方剂量（PD）为4．0Gy～6.5Gy（平均5．13Gy），分2～8次进行适形放射治疗．结果治疗过程中无1例死亡.患者一般状况的计分标准（KPS）：术前20～90分（平均58．8分），术后30～100分（平均71．2分）．实体瘤疗效标准：完全缓解（CR）：2例：部分缓解（PR）：3例；无变化（NC）：2例；进展（PD）：1例.在术后2mo～9mo随访期间，我们观察到87.5％的受照射肿瘤得到控制62．5％的肿瘤缩小或消失.结论立体定向适形放射治疗对肝转移瘤有良好的治疗效果.     

125 I粒子植入联合汉防己甲素治疗局部晚期非小细胞肺癌患者的疗效及安全性观察

目的：探讨放射性125 I粒子联合汉防己甲素（ Tet）治疗局部晚期非小细胞肺癌（ NSCLC）的疗效及安全性。方法将76例Ⅲa～Ⅲb期NSCLC患者随机分为两组各38例。两组均在CT引导下将125 I粒子植入靶区,放射处方剂量为110 Gy。观察组在植入125 I粒子当天口服Tet,连服3个月。比较两组的疗效和毒性反应。结果76例患者均顺利完成治疗。 D100（112．4±12．3）Gy,D90（148．7±22．5）Gy,平均剂量（238．9±11．6）Gy。中位随访时间为21个月,观察组和对照组治疗6个月时的总有效率分别为86．8％、65．8％,1年生存率分别为84．2％、63．2％,中位生存时间分别为26、18个月（P均＜0．05）。125I粒子植入的主要并发症为气胸及咯血,对照组出现1级晚期放射性肺损伤8例,观察组未出现晚期放射性肺损伤。结论125 I粒子联合Tet治疗局部晚期NSCLC近期疗效好、局部控制率高、患者生存率高、并发症少、无明显不良反应,值得临床应用。     

食管癌不同超分割方法放疗前瞻性研究

目的通过不同超分割方法放疗寻求食管癌有效的放疗技术。方法前瞻性随机将124例食管癌分为全程超分割组（30例），前程超分割组（30例），后程超分割组（34例），常规放疗组（30例）4个组进行研究，超分割放疗每日2次，每次120Gy，2次间隔6h以上，超分割剂量全程DT：68～70Gy，前、后程组超分割剂量34～36Gy。常规放疗前、后程组DT：34～36Gy，常规组剂量68～70Gy，每日1次，每次2Gy。结果放疗剂量与下咽困难症状改善，4个组基本相同，无明显差异；伴有胸背痛的病人接受放疗后症状改善4个组差异无统计学意义；肿瘤消失情况或治疗结束肿瘤残留情况全程组好于其他3个组，但差异无统计学意义。放射性食管炎全程和前程组明显高于后程和常规放疗组（P〈0．01），放疗剂量在20～50Gy发生较多。20Gy以下和50Gy以上放疗剂量发生率相对较低。放射性气管炎和肺炎发生率4个组均低。其他并发症有恶心、呕吐、白细胞下降反应，但4个组差异无统计学意义。结论本组前瞻性研究从肿瘤消失率和残留情况看全程超分割组优于其他3个组；全程和前程超分割组放射性食管炎的发生率明显高于后程超分割组与常规放疗组。     

肝动脉化疗栓塞联合三维适形放疗治疗肝癌合并门脉癌栓的临床对照研究

目的研究肝动脉化疗栓塞（TACE）联合三维适形放疗（3DCRT）治疗肝癌合并门脉癌栓（PVTT）的疗效。方法138例肝癌患者随机分为2组：A组（62例）单纯行TACE；B组（76例）行TACE结合3DCRT。大体肿瘤靶区（GTV）只包括癌栓，不包括原发灶，使90％等剂量曲线覆盖PTV，照射总量40～65Gy，单次照射剂量2～4Gy。结果A组1、2年生存率分别为20．3％、3．9％，平均生存期7．2个月，有效率（CR＋PR）为16．1％（10／62）；B组1、2年生存率分别为40．6％、22．3％，平均生存期15．5个月，总有效率为42．11％（32／76），P〈0．05。结论TACE联合3DCRT能明显提高合并门脉癌栓的肝癌的治疗效果。     

三维适形加量放射治疗非小细胞肺癌32例分析

目的探讨三维适形加量放射治疗非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）的优势。方法32例中央型非小细胞肺癌,cT模拟机定位,输入TPS（Pinnacle37．4／7．6）,勾画GTV1,先行三维适形放疗36Gy／18F～40Gy／20F,第2次CT定位,勾画GTV2,继续给予三维适形放射治疗至66Gy／33F～70Gy／35F。全程均按CTVl设置靶区,为Plan1,为初始计划,为虚拟计划;而前半程按CTV1,后半程按CTV2制定治疗计划为Plan3,为实际执行计划。结果NSCLC放射治疗中肿瘤退缩比例为12．3％～57．8％,平均比例37．1％,大于40％的有13例（40．6％）,t=2．96,P〈0．05。CR6例（18．8％）,PR23例（71．9％）,NC3例（9．4％）。1年生存率84．4％（27／32）,死亡5例（15．6％）。远处转移9例（28．1％）。早期放射性肺损伤1级19例（59．4％）,2级9例（28．1％）,3级3例（9．4％）。放射性食管炎：1级22例（68．8％）,2级10例（31．2％）。后期放射肺纤维化：0级3例（9．4％）,1级24例（75％）,2级5例（15．6％）。结论三维适形加量放射治疗NSCLC过程中,GTV存在明显退缩,再次重新勾画GTV并加量,但对PVV未产生明显影响,但根据退缩后肿瘤重新勾画靶区使心脏接受剂量的降低具有统计学意义,对肺V20和MLD剂量降低接近统计学意义。     

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with precision-oriented radiation therapy techniques including intensity-modulated radiotherapy: preliminary results

This paper reports preliminary results with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Between August 2000 and May 2001, we treated 19 patients with NPC using IMRT. Twelve patients had stage I-II disease and seven had stage III-IV disease. Six patients received 9.0-19.8 Gy three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) before IMRT and 18 patients received a brachytherapy boost after IMRT. The mean follow-up time was 13.0 months. All patients with stage II-IV disease except one received two cycles of chemoradiotherapy with cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) during radiotherapy, followed by two to four cycles of chemotherapy after radiotherapy. Tumor response was assessed using clinical examination and computerized tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. The mean doses administered to the gross tumor volume and clinical tumor volume were 70.9 Gy and 63.2 Gy, respectively. The mean doses administered to the right and left parotid glands were 38.1 Gy and 38.6 Gy, respectively. All 19 patients had a complete response of primary and lymph node disease. Grade III mucositis developed during chemoradiotherapy in 15 patients (79%). In addition, clinical grade I xerostomia was recorded in nine patients, grade II in nine, and grade III in one. This study demonstrated that 3D-CRT, IMRT, intracavitary brachytherapy, and chemotherapy are effective and safe methods to treat NPC. Although IMRT treatment spared parotid gland function, its efficacy may be significantly influenced by disease stage and location of the neck lymph nodes. More cases and a longer follow-up to assess survival and complications are planned.     

A phase I dose escalation study of high-dose thiotepa, melphalan and carboplatin (TMCb) followed by autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) in patients with solid tumors and hematologic malignancies

The purpose of this study was to determine the maximum tolerated dose of carboplatin administered with 500 mg/m2 thiotepa and 100 mg/m2 melphalan followed by autologous peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) infusion in patients with refractory malignancies. Twenty-eight patients with refractory malignancies received high-dose thiotepa (500 mg/m2, melphalan (100 mg/m2) and escalating doses of carboplatin 900-1500 mg/m2) followed by infusion of cryopreserved autologous PBSCs. The maximum tolerated doses were determined to be 500 mg/m2 thiotepa, 100 mg/m2 melphalan and 1350 mg/m2 carboplatin. Two consecutive patients receiving 1500 mg/m2 carboplatin experienced grade 3 mucositis and colitis. Ten patients were enrolled at the maximum tolerated dose and none had grade 3-4 regimen-related toxicity and mortality. All patients at this level experienced grade 1-2 mucositis, 90% grade 1-2 gastrointestinal toxicity, 30% grade 1-2 cardiac and renal toxicity, and 10% experienced grade 1 hepatic toxicity. The median time to achieve a granulocyte count of 0.5x10(9)/l was 9 days (range 7-12 days) and platelet count of 20x10(9)/l was 10 days (range 7-15 days). Of eight patients with stage IV refractory breast cancer, even were evaluable for response, one patient on day 75 will be evaluated soon. Five of seven (71.5%) evaluable patients achieved a complete remission (CR) and two had no response. Of seven patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (n = 4) or Hodgkin's disease (n = 3), five achieved a CR (71.5%). Thiotepa, melphalan and carboplatin can be administered in high doses with tolerable mucositis as the major side-effect. This combination has significant activity in patients with breast cancer, and phase II studies in patients with breast cancer and other chemotherapy-sensitive malignancies are warranted.     

Intensified intensity-modulated radiotherapy in anal cancer with prevalent HPV p16 positivity

AIM: To investigate the toxicity and response of intensity-modulated radiotherapy schedule intensified with a simultaneous integrated boost in anal canal cancer.METHODS: From March 2009 to March 2014, we retrospectively analyzed 41 consecutive patients treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy(IMRT) and concurrent chemotherapy for anal canal squamous cell carcinoma at our center. Radiotherapy was delivered via simultaneous integrated boost(SIB) technique by helical tomotherapy, and doses were adapted to two clinical target volumes according to the tumor-nodemetastasis(TNM) stage: 50.6 Gy and 41.4 Gy in 23 fractions in T1N0, 52.8 Gy and 43.2 Gy in 24 fractionsin T2N0, and 55 Gy and 45 Gy in 25 fractions in all patients with N positive and/or ≥ T3, respectively, to planning target volumes 1 and 2. The most common chemotherapy regimen was 5-fluorouracil and mitomycin-based. Human papilloma virus(HPV) p16 expression was performed by immunohistochemistry and evaluated in the majority of patients. Acute and late toxicity was scored according to CTCAe v 3.0 and RTOG scales.RESULTS: The median follow-up was 30 mo(range:12-71). Median age was 63 years(range 32-84). The stage of disease was: stage Ⅰ in 2 patients, stage Ⅱin 13 patients, stage ⅢA in 12 patients, and stage ⅢB in 14 patients, respectively. Two patients were known to be HIV positive(4.9%). HPV p16 expression status was positive in 29/34(85.3%) patients. The 4-year progression-free survival and overall survival in HPVpositive patients were 78% and 92%, respectively.Acute grade 3 skin and gastrointestinal toxicities were reported in 5% and 7.3% of patients, respectively;patients' compliance to the treatment was good due to a low occurrence of severe acute toxicity, although treatment interruptions due to toxicity were required in 7.3% of patients. At 6 mo from end of treatment,36/40(90%) patients obtained complete response;during follow-up, 5(13.8%) patients presented with disease progression(local or systemic).CONCLUSION: In our experience, intensified SIBIMRT with chemotherapy is very feasible in clinical practice, with excellent results in terms of overall survival and local control.     

伽马刀立体定向放射治疗50例老年晚期肺癌临床观察

目的分析伽马刀立体定向放射治疗老年晚期肺癌的疗效及预后影响因素。方法 2005年1月至2011年11月我院收治的50例年龄≥70岁的晚期肺癌患者,之前未行放化疗或靶向治疗,仅接受伽马刀进行立体定向分次放射治疗,以40%~80%等剂量曲线为处方剂量线,原发灶平均剂量(42.30±4.25)Gy,5~14次完成,转移灶平均剂量(35.32±5.17)Gy,6~13次完成,5次/周,1次/d。治疗结束后,每1~3月复查血常规、血生化、肿瘤标志物及影像学检查;随访至2012年12月结束。结果有效率为86%,其中完全缓解(CR)17例(34%),部分缓解(PR)26例(52%),稳定(SD)6例(12%),进展(PD)1例(2%)。中位生存期12月。1~4年生存率分别为50%、28%、13%和8%。症状缓解率为90.5%。RTOG分级标准放疗反应:血液学Ⅰ级5例(10%),Ⅱ级3例(6%);消化道Ⅰ级5例(10%),Ⅱ级4例(8%);放射性肺炎Ⅰ级12例(24%),Ⅲ级3例(6%)。单因素分析显示原发灶处方剂量是影响预后的因素。结论伽马刀治疗老年晚期肺癌有效率高,不良反应轻微,能延长生存期、改善生活质量,是老年晚期肺癌可选治疗方式之一。     

Dose escalation of concurrent hypofractionated radiotherapy and continuous infusion 5-FU-chemotherapy in advanced adenocarcinoma of the pancreas

BACKGROUND/AIMS: To investigate the advantages and palliative effectiveness of concurrent hypofractionated radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy (5-FU) in patients with locally advanced and metastatic adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. METHODOLOGY: A total of 26 patients were enrolled in this study. Twenty patients had locally advanced (M0) and 6 patients had metastatic (M1) disease. They were treated with hypofractionated radiation therapy (RT) (4x3 Gy per week) and concurrent continuous infusion (300mg/sqm/24h) of 5-fluorouracil. The RT doses were escalated in 6-Gy increments starting from 24 Gy in 8 fractions in 2 weeks to 30 Gy in 10 fractions in 2.5 weeks and finally to 36 Gy in 12 fractions in 3 weeks. RESULTS: Only 1 (4%) patient experienced grade 3 mucositis, while 12 (46%) patients experienced grade 2 nausea and 1 (4%) patient experienced grade 2 weakness. No patient experienced treatment interruption or dose reduction. Late high-grade (>3) toxicity was not observed, but few patients experienced prolonged hematological toxicity, due to administration of chemotherapy after radiochemotherapy. Pain improved in 70% of the patients. The median survival time for all 26 patients is 8 months, 9 months for locally advanced cancer patients and 5 months for metastatic cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS: Dose escalation to 36 Gy in a hypofractionated manner proved to be feasible with low toxicity in patients with locally advanced and metastatic adenocarcinoma of the pancreas and warrants further investigation aiming at optimal tailoring in these two subgroups of patients.     

Modified simultaneous integrated boost radiotherapy for an unresectable huge refractory pelvic tumor diagnosed as a rectal adenocarcinoma

A clinical trial of radiotherapy with modified simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) technique against huge tumors was conducted. A 58-year-old male patient who had a huge pelvic tumor diagnosed as a rectal adenocarcinoma due to familial adenomatous polyposis was enrolled in this trial. The total dose of 77 Gy (equivalent dose in 2 Gy/fraction) and 64.5 Gy was delivered to the center of the tumor and the surrounding area respectively, and approximately 20% dose escalation was achieved with the modified SIB technique. The tumor with an initial maximum size of 15 cm disappeared 120 d after the start of the radiotherapy. Performance status of the patient improved from 4 to 0. Radiotherapy with modified SIB may be effective for patients with a huge tumor in terms of tumor shrinkage/disappearance, improvement of QOL, and prolongation of survival.     

Topical use of Jiawei Simiao Yongan Gao to prevent radiodermatitis in patients with head and neck cancer: A retrospective cohort study

Radiodermatitis is a common side effect of radiotherapy, but currently there is no standard treatment for its prevention. This study aimed to observe the effect of topical application of a paste based on traditional Chinese medicine, Jiawei Simiao Yongan Gao, on radiodermatitis caused by radiotherapy for patients with head and neck cancer.This was a retrospective cohort study of 40 patients with head and neck cancer evaluated during their radiotherapy. Of these, 20 patients were treated with Jiawei Simiao Yongan Gao on the irradiated skin from the beginning of radiotherapy (JSY group). The other 20 patients were given standard nursing (standard group). Acute skin reactions were classified according to the radiation-induced skin reaction assessment scale (RISRAS) and American radiation therapy oncology group (RTOG) acute toxicity grading criteria every 2 weeks, and adverse effects were recorded until the end of the radiotherapy.The two groups showed differences in severity of radiodermatitis. At 0 to 30 Gy, the skin reactions were similar in the two groups, while above 40 Gy the skin reactions were significantly lower grade in the JSY group (P < .05). At 0 to 20 Gy, there was no statistical significance (P > .05); but above 30 Gy they were lower in the JSY group (P < .05).Jiawei Simiao Yongan Gao effectively alleviated acute radiodermatitis caused by radiotherapy of head and neck cancer patients compared with standard nursing.     

Phase I study of (131)I-anti-CD45 antibody plus cyclophosphamide and total body irradiation for advanced acute leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome.

Delivery of targeted hematopoietic irradiation using radiolabeled monoclonal antibody may improve the outcome of marrow transplantation for advanced acute leukemia by decreasing relapse without increasing toxicity. We conducted a phase I study that examined the biodistribution of (131)I-labeled anti-CD45 antibody and determined the toxicity of escalating doses of targeted radiation combined with 120 mg/kg cyclophosphamide (CY) and 12 Gy total body irradiation (TBI) followed by HLA-matched related allogeneic or autologous transplant. Forty-four patients with advanced acute leukemia or myelodysplasia received a biodistribution dose of 0.5 mg/kg (131)I-BC8 (murine anti-CD45) antibody. The mean +/- SEM estimated radiation absorbed dose (centigray per millicurie of (131)I) delivered to bone marrow and spleen was 6.5 +/- 0.5 and 13.5 +/- 1.3, respectively, with liver, lung, kidney, and total body receiving lower amounts of 2.8 +/- 0.2, 1.8 +/- 0.1, 0.6 +/- 0.04, and 0.4 +/- 0.02, respectively. Thirty-seven patients (84%) had favorable biodistribution of antibody, with a higher estimated radiation absorbed dose to marrow and spleen than to normal organs. Thirty-four patients received a therapeutic dose of (131)I-antibody labeled with 76 to 612 mCi (131)I to deliver estimated radiation absorbed doses to liver (normal organ receiving the highest dose) of 3.5 Gy (level 1) to 12.25 Gy (level 6) in addition to CY and TBI. The maximum tolerated dose was level 5 (delivering 10.5 Gy to liver), with grade III/IV mucositis in 2 of 2 patients treated at level 6. Of 25 treated patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML)/myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), 7 survive disease-free 15 to 89 months (median, 65 months) posttransplant. Of 9 treated patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), 3 survive disease-free 19, 54, and 66 months posttransplant. We conclude that (131)I-anti-CD45 antibody can safely deliver substantial supplemental doses of radiation to bone marrow (approximately 24 Gy) and spleen (approximately 50 Gy) when combined with conventional CY/TBI.