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目的 探讨新生儿先天性膈疝(CDH)的诊治.方法 回顾性分析我院1998年7月~2006年11月收治的23例CDH的临床资料.结果 新生儿CDH好发于膈肌左侧,气促、呼吸困难、胸部闻及肠鸣音为最常见临床症状.X线多可见纵隔移位、胸腔内有不规则充气的肠襻影或胃泡影、患侧肋膈角消失及膈面不清.结论 CDH虽然临床表现多样化,但往往具有一些典型临床表现,胸部X线检查、胃肠道造影有助于本病诊断.早期诊断、术前综合诊治是提高存活率的关键. 相似文献
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目的 探讨创伤性膈疝的CT表现及诊断价值。方法 对20例创伤性膈疝患进行了胸部X线平片、CT诊断,并对其进行对比分析。结果 本组20例均行胸部X线平片检查,18例行CT扫描。11例胸部X线平片诊断为膈疝,图像有单侧膈抬高或胸腔内见含液平的胃泡影等征象,误诊2例,漏诊7例。16例CT扫描明确诊断为膈疝,误诊2例,无漏诊。结论 CT能明确创伤性膈疝的部位、性质、程度,具有较高的敏感性和特异性,较单纯X线胸部平片提供更多的信息,是创伤性膈疝重要的检查方法,为临床诊断及处理提供了可靠依据。 相似文献
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目的:总结新生儿肺炎的临床与DR胸部X线平片特征,提高对本病的认识。方法:分析90例新生儿肺炎的主要临床表现和X线表现。结果:本组病例中X线表现为病灶影67例,占74.4%,肺纹理增多和(或)肺门模糊83例,占92.2%,肺气肿25例,占27.8%,支气管充气征8例,占8.9%,心后影征12例,占13.3%,上纵隔、心缘和(或)横膈模糊征8例,占8.9%。结论:DR胸部X线平片是诊断新生儿肺炎可靠的辅助诊断依据。 相似文献
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目的:对肺栓塞的胸部螺旋CT与X线平片影像学诊断价值进行对比分析。方法以该院2014年1月—10月收治的50例肺栓塞患者作为研究对象,分别进行胸部螺旋CT检查及X线平片检查,对比两种检查方法的诊断率及特点。结果螺旋CT检查检查诊断率为94%,X线平片检查诊断率为72%,螺旋CT的诊断率显著高于对照组,P<0.05,差异具有统计学意义。 X线片影像学特征主要为:横膈抬高、肺野透亮度升高、少量胸腔积液、肺内片状实状阴影。螺旋CT检查肺栓塞位置主要为:主肺动脉、叶肺动脉及分支。结论胸部螺旋CT及X线平片影像学检查对于肺栓塞诊断各具特点,将两者结合有利于提高肺栓塞的诊断率,更好的为临床治疗提供参考依据。 相似文献
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目的 分析新生儿肺透明膜病(HMD)的X线表现特征,探讨X线平片对HMD的诊断价值.方法 收集2006至2009年我院新生儿病房临床明确诊断、资料完整的新生儿肺透明膜病患儿48例,回顾性分析其X线表现,并结合临床表现,对其X线特征进行分析.结果 本组48例患儿均表现为双肺野透亮度减低,其中14例伴有细颗粒状影和网纹状影,10例出现明显的支气管充气征,9例心影及横隔轮廓模糊,9例双肺呈"白肺"改变,心膈消失,6例伴有肺出血、肺炎、气胸等其它表现.本组病例中治愈46例,1例转院,1例死亡.结论 胸部X线摄片对HMD的诊断、鉴别诊断及临床治疗方案的制定和预后判断均具有十分重要的价值. 相似文献
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[摘要]目的:总结新生儿肺炎的临床与X线特征,提高对本病的认识,探讨新生儿肺炎的主要临床表现和X线胸部平片的影像表现、二者之间的特点和相互关系。方法:分析128例新生儿肺炎的主要临床表现和X线表现。结果:本组病例中支气管肺炎68例(占53.1%),间质性肺炎30例(占23.4%),大病灶肺炎12例(占9.4%),大叶和(或)节段性肺炎10例(占7.8%),心后影征5例(占3.9%),上纵隔心缘、横膈模糊征3例(占2.3%)。结论:X线检查是诊断该病的主要方法之一,通过肺部体征和X线表现关系的分析,提出提高本病诊断率的注意事项。 相似文献
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目的 提高对小儿先天性膈疝(CDH)的CT诊断价值。方法 所有病例均经CT扫描,部分病例经胸透、胸腹联合X线片及钡餐或钡灌肠检查。结果 左膈疝18例(后外侧疝),右膈疝3例,双膈疝1例。结论 CDH后外侧疝的典型CT表现及CT扫描能全面详尽地反映普通X线检查不能观察到的胸腹情况。 相似文献
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目的 探讨新生儿肺透明膜病的X线诊断及临床意义.方法 回顾性分析经住院治疗有典型临床表现的32例新生儿肺透明膜病胸部X线表现.结果 32例中,4例表现肺野透亮度略减低,细小颗粒状及网点状影,9例表现为弥漫性小片状,较大颗粒状影,肺野透亮度减低,15例表现多肺野的斑片状,毛玻璃样影,心脏及膈肌影模糊,4例呈"白肺"样变,心影及膈肌影消失.支气管充气征24例,肺容积减少2例,合并肺内感染2例,气胸6例.结论 X线胸片是诊断新生儿肺透明膜病的主要方法,对其诊治有重要作用. 相似文献
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目的:总结新生儿肺炎的临床与X线特征,提高对本病的认识,探讨新生儿肺炎的主要临床表现和X线胸部平片的影像表现、二者之问的特点和相互关系。方法:分析128例新生儿肺炎的主要临床表现和X线表现。结果:本组病例中支气管肺炎68例(占53.1%),间质性肺炎30例(占23.4%),大病灶肺炎12例(占9.4%),大叶和(或)节段性肺炎10例(占7.8%),心后影征5例(占3.9%),上纵隔心缘、横膈模糊征3例(占2.3%)。结论:X线检查是诊断该病的主要方法之一,通过肺部体征和X线表现关系的分析,提出提高本病诊断率的注意事项。 相似文献
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A prospective study was carried out in the Maternity Hospital, Kuala Lumpur over a 2-year period. During this time, 52,379 deliveries took place. 36 neonates (0.7 per 1000 births) were found to have congenital dislocation of the hips (CDH) by both the Ortolani and Barlow's manoeuvre. CDH was most common in the females (female to male ratio was 2.3:1), the first borns (50% of the affected cases) and babies who had breech delivery (10.7 per 1000 births). In 21 (58.3%) of the affected neonates, CDH occurred in both hips. According to the classification of newborn infants' hips by Finlay et al, 88.9% of the neonates had unstable hips while 8.3% had pathological hips. Family history of CDH was present in 5% of the patients. 8 (22.2%) of the neonates had other associated congenital abnormalities. 相似文献
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INTRODUCTION: Outcome of neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) varies widely and the data from developing countries is scanty. We aimed to study the management and outcome of CDH. We also aimed to ascertain prenatal and postnatal factors affecting the outcome. METHODS: A retrospective review of neonates with CDH admitted to a teaching hospital was conducted. Demographical data, prenatal and postnatal factors, birth details, management and outcomes were studied. Survival was the primary outcome. RESULTS: 16 live-born neonates with diaphragmatic hernia were admitted during the study period. All neonates had hernia on the left side. Mean (standard deviation) gestational age and birth weight were 38.6 (1.5) weeks and 2,616.6 (457) g, respectively. Polyhydramnios was associated in one patient, and additional anomalies in five patients (31.3 percent). Overall survival was 56.3 percent. The CDH was detected prenatally in four and postnatally in 12 patients. 12 neonates underwent surgery and nine survived. Prenatally-detected cases had significantly reduced survival to surgery, overall survival and lower Apgar scores at one minute (p-value is less than 0.04). Median age at surgery was 48 hours. Average duration of mechanical ventilation among survivors was 91.5 hours. Neonatal intensive care unit stay ranged from five to 27 (median nine) days. Six of seven deaths occurred within 72 hours of life. Non-survivors had significantly low Apgar scores and were symptomatic within 12 hours of life (p-value is less than 0.03). CONCLUSION: Greater than 50 percent survival of neonates with CDH was observed in a centre with conventional ventilation. Poor outcome is likely in neonates who present within 12 hours of life. 相似文献
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目的: 探讨新生儿气漏的临床特点及治疗方法。方法: 对30例新生儿气漏的临床表现、类型、治疗及转归进行回顾性分析。结果: 呼吸困难、青紫是新生儿气漏的主要临床症状,气漏以气胸最为多见。经治疗,痊愈21例,好转后自动出院8例,病死1例。结论: 新生儿气漏的临床具有一定特点,正确诊断及合理治疗是提高治愈率、降低病死率的关键。 相似文献
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目的:检测急性髓系白血病(AML)病人CDH13基因甲基化状态,探讨其与病人临床特征及预后的相关性.方法:用甲基化特异性PCR法分别检测34例AML病人(AML组)和22例非恶性肿瘤的缺铁性贫血病人(对照组)骨髓标本中CDH13基因启动子甲基化状态,用半定量反转录PCR法检测2组标本中CDH13 mRNA相对含量.AML组病人随访2年,统计总体生存时间.结果:AML组标本CDH13基因甲基化阳性率为61.76%,高于对照组的27.27%(P<0.05);AML组CDH13mRNA相对含量为0.355 ± 0.109,明显低于对照组的0.745 ± 0.271(P<0.01).不同性别、年龄以及临床分型AML病人的CDH13基因甲基化差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).Kaplan-Meier生存曲线分析显示,CDH13基因甲基化阳性的AML病人总体生存时间为(12.4 ± 3.3)个月,明显短于甲基化阴性病人的(18.6 ± 4.1)个月(P<0.01).结论:AML病人中存在CDH13基因甲基化现象,检测CDH13基因表达水平有助于判断AML病人预后. 相似文献
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目的:分析肺部阴影的误诊原因,提高医生的诊断水平。方法:回顾我院2006年7月~2011年6月误诊的肺部阴影患者。结果:肺癌、结核、肺部炎症的呼吸道症状、早期影像学均有共性,常致三者相互误诊。结论:临床医生要结合临床症状、既往史和相关检查,综合分析并诊治患者。 相似文献
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A ten year review (1980–1989) of 59 neonates presenting with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) to Our Lady’s Hospital for Sick Children, the main referral centre for neonatal surgery in Ireland, is presented to determine the outcome and make suggestions for improvements. CDH was more common in males (34M, 25F). The hernia was present on the left side in 47 cases and 11 cases were right sided. Overall mortality was 35.6%, with increased mortality for right-sided hernia (54.5%). Mean gestation period for survivors was 39 weeks and for non-survivors was 36 weeks. Fifty-two (88.1%) patients presented with symptoms within first six hours after birth. Nineteen of 59 patients (32%) did not have their airways secured with an endotracheal tube at the time of arrival in the hospital. Recurrent chest infections and gastro-oesophageal reflux were the most common long term complications. The prognosis was better for late presenters. A period of prolonged ventilatory stabilisation with appropriate inotropic support to help correct acidosis before surgery improved results. Surgery should be postponed until ventilatory stabilisation is established. A protocol for safe transport of patients to the referrral centre is recommended. It is advisable that all patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia be intubated as soon as the diagnosis is made and that a doctor accustomed to airway management accompanies the patient to the neonatal surgical centre. 相似文献
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目的:研究和讨论新生儿肺透明膜病的影像特征,从而提高医学界对本病例的认识与诊断的能力。方法:分析以往的105例新生儿肺透明膜病X线表现的临床病例。结果:本次研究的105例对象中,有27例的新生儿表现为肺叶肺透光度下降,并且呈现了弥漫颗粒状阴影;有33例新生儿表现为肺叶透光度减低以及斑片状密度阴影;有26例新生儿出现广泛斑片状阴影、心缘和膈面模糊以及肺叶透光度明显下降;有19例新生儿肺叶都呈现了均匀的密影,这被称之为“白肺”。在这105例病例中,有24例是合并肺炎,13例是肺出血,19例为动脉导管未闭,7例为气胸,11例为缺氧缺血性脑病(HIE)。结论:新生儿肺透明膜病的影像特征表现的各种各样,当中肺纹理和磨玻璃特征被掩盖了,不能分辨出支气管充气征在此病中的具体表现特征。普通的X线检查和结合临床是诊断新生儿肺透明膜病的可靠方法。 相似文献
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目的 分析慢性天天头痛(CDH)的临床特征并进行用药调查.方法 研究77例慢性天天性头痛患者的临床表现及其既往用药情况,并进行头痛程度分级、汉密尔顿抑郁及焦虑量表评分.结果 77例CDH患者中,男女比为1: 2.35,CDH分型中TM最多,占53.2%,集中发病在31~50岁,61.04%的患者头痛程度评分为1级,伴焦虑者占64.93%,临床用药不合理情况严重.结论 CDH患者的临床表现、年龄分布较为特殊,并发症多且严重,多数有药物使用过量、使用不合理等情况,非常有必要对该类患者进行宣教. 相似文献