MRI成像技术在慢性骨髓炎中的应用

慢性骨髓炎由于病理变化复杂，是一种不易根本治愈的骨化脓性感染。在制订治疗方案时，应该重视对局部病灶的彻底清除，术前准备应确定病灶的部位，大小及范围。2004年3月至2006年9月，我院对11例非典型性慢性骨髓炎患者术前进行了MRI成像检查，避免了手术过程中的盲目性，提高了病灶清除的彻底性。     

38例慢性骨髓炎治疗分析

目的探讨创面封闭式负压引流（vacuum sealing drainge,VSD）治疗慢性骨髓炎的临床效果。方法2003年5月至2009年5月收治慢性骨髓炎患者39例,男27例,女11例;年龄5—66岁,平均41岁。持续灌注治疗组（21例）：进行病灶清除术后创面持续灌注治疗后行二期手术修复创面,12例创面完全愈合,6例创面多次换药后自行愈合,1例患者经过2次植皮治疗后创面愈合,3例失败。VSD组（17例）：进行病灶清除术后VSD后行二期手术修复创面,16例患者创面完全愈合,1例经过多次换药后创面自行愈合。结果VSD组较持续灌注治疗组在治愈率、总有效率、平均伤口愈合时间、平均住院时间和抗生素使用时间上有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论VSD是治疗慢性骨髓炎的理想方法之一,值得推广应用。     

慢性骨髓炎新疗法作用机制分析

慢性骨髓炎是由各种原因导致病原菌对骨膜、骨质、髓腔及周围软组织侵袭和破坏而成。随着CT、MRI及彩超的普及，可早期发现急性化脓性骨髓炎的病变。在CT、彩超引导下的脓肿穿刺病源学检查，穿刺引流治疗，使急性化脓性骨髓炎的早期诊断准确率和疗效大大提高。但慢性骨髓炎仍是骨科研究热点病种。     

慢性骨髓炎的治疗

慢性骨髓炎是骨科常见病 ,因其病情复杂、病程漫长 ,易并发慢性窦道 ,皮肤瘢痕及缺损、骨折、骨缺损 ,手术失败率、感染复发率高 ,临床处理较为棘手 ,成为国内外矫形外科医师们多年探索解决的一个难题。近来 ,出现了一些新的理论和较多新的治疗方法 ,现综述如下 :1　慢性骨髓炎的病灶清除彻底病灶清除是慢性骨髓炎治疗的基本原则之一[1] 。通常认为慢性骨髓炎难以治愈是由于慢性窦道形成 ,局部软组织纤维瘢痕化、缺血 ,死骨、死腔形成 ,骨质反复炎性增生 ,骨痂缺血硬化 ,髓腔封闭 ,使身体免疫力及抗菌药物难以到达局部 ,为致病菌潜伏和繁殖…     

MRI早期诊断脊椎转移癌

目的 评价ＭＲＩ对脊椎转移癌早期诊断的价值。方法 回顾分析１３例脊椎转移癌的ＭＲＩ资料,并与其他影像资料比较。结果 全部患者ＭＲＩ均有明显异常;Ｘ线平片仅６例显示明显骨破坏;４例同时行ＣＴ检查者仅１例明确诊断为转移癌;４例同时行核素骨扫描检查,在两者能同时显示的兴柱区域,骨扫描异常区ＭＲＩ信号均有改变,另２例患者共５个椎体ＭＲＩ信号有局灶改变而骨扫描无异常。结论 ＭＲＩ是诊断脊椎转移癌的一种敏感的     

外科治疗慢性骨髓炎53例分析

我院自1970年以来共收治53例慢性骨髓炎,针对局部情况分别采取相应的手术治疗,取得了一定的疗效,兹述如下。临床资料本组53例中男性38例,女性15例;年龄8～52岁,其中25岁以下者39例(73.6％)。 1.病变部位:53例共57个部位,其中以胫骨为最多共28个部位;以下依次为股骨11个,腓骨5     

骨移植和慢性骨髓炎

慢性骨髓炎的治疗,迄今仍是一个比较困难的问题。在病因上,目前强调骨的缺血比感染更为重要。骨移植具有许多优点,但尚没有被普遍地接受。英国Mowlem首次进行骨移植,并应用抗菌素防止感染。他强调指出骨松质有巨大的抗感染能力,应用它做骨再造术是有利的。在感染的情况下进行骨移植是不适宜的,但是轻度感染仍可施行骨移植。若是骨移植应用在肢体废用性萎     

慢性骨髓炎治疗的进展

慢性骨髓炎在临床上较为常见 ,病程长且难以治愈。传统上的慢性骨髓炎所致大段死骨形成并病理骨折 ,均主张采用保守治疗 ,待新生骨桥形成后 ,才做一次或多次死骨摘除术 ,该方式其病程需数月至数年之久。在这漫长的病程中 ,炎症反复发作 ,体质长期被消耗 ,给患者精神上、经济上带来难以承受的负担。在治疗上 ,国内尚征书[1] 曾用3 2 Ｐ对骨髓炎进行治疗 ,但其机理不详。而绝大多数慢性骨髓炎病例均需行手术。1　慢性炎症的控制1 1　控制慢性炎症的给药主要途径　在慢性骨髓炎的外科治疗中 ,有关抗生素的应用[2 ,3 ] ,多是根据所用药物应根据…     

慢性骨髓炎的治疗现状

慢性骨髓炎最根本的治疗是清除所有失活的骨和软组织,在某些病例中,骨坏死的范围是局限的,然而,在另外一些病例中,骨坏死的范围可能大到若要彻底的清创就要截肢的程度。故慢性骨髓炎治疗笼统地可分为保肢治疗和截肢治疗。一项回顾性研究显示31例患有长管状骨慢性骨髓炎的患者,经清创、抗生素球珠植入和植骨治疗,在平均4年的随访中,有4例接受了截肢。这就提示我们要注意甄别出这类患者。本文拟对慢性骨髓炎的保肢治疗做一文献综述。     

慢性骨髓炎的灌注疗法

慢性骨髓炎中医称为“骨疽病” ,常伴有严重的软组织损伤、骨膜剥离、骨不连骨不稳甚至钢板外露等。作者 1998— 2 0 0 1年共收治各种类型慢性骨髓炎 2 8例 ,经病灶清除加连续灌注抗生素 ,配合中药外用 ,疗效满意。1　临床资料本组 2 8例 ,男 16例 ,女 12例 ;年龄 2 1～ 5 0岁 ,平均 38岁。病史 1～ 10年 ,其中 13例股骨干骨折术后慢性骨髓炎 ,反复发作长达 8年。 12例小腿骨折行钢板内固定 ,术后慢性骨髓炎 ,病史 2～ 4年 ,钢板外露。 3例胫骨下 1/ 3骨折术后慢性骨髓炎 ,伤口不愈长达 10年。2　治疗方法2 .1　创面处理　用 3%双氧水及 1%…     

The management of chronic osteomyelitis

Chronic osteomyelitis of childhood is heterogeneous but it can be broadly classified into nonspecific or specific groups. Children with chronic osteomyelitis because of mycobacteria or mycoses are included within the specific group. The nonspecific group is the larger. It includes chronic osteomyelitis as a sequel to late acute osteomyelitis as well as chronic unifocal and chronic multifocal osteomyelitis. Whereas Staphylococcus aureus and other pyogenic organisms are commonly cultured from chronic lesions following late acute osteomyelitis, they are less frequently cultured from those with chronic unifocal osteomyelitis and rarely cultured from those with chronic multifocal osteomyelitis. The methods of treatment and the results also differ between these subgroups of nonspecific osteomyelitis. Lesions following late acute osteomyelitis are usually cured following surgery and antibiotics. Chronic unifocal osteomyelitis is usually cured with antibiotics only or with surgery and antibiotics. In contrast, surgery and antibiotics are largely ineffective in children with chronic multifocal osteomyelitis, but the disease appears to be self-limiting.     

The treatment of chronic hematogenous osteomyelitis

Eighty-five patients with a total of 103 foci of chronic hematogenous osteomyelitis were treated in the period from 1965-1982. Only patients who had been followed for two or more years of treatment were included in the series for evaluation. All foci were treated surgically with thorough debridement. According to the management of the wounds, patients were divided into three groups: wound healing by secondary intention in cases where skin closure was impossible; primary closure of wound with or without pedicle muscle transfer in cases of a small debrided cavity or in cases where a nearby skeletal muscle is available; and closed irrigation and suction drainage of the wound cavity. After a long-term follow-up period, satisfactory results to varying degrees were obtained in each group. Closed intermittent irrigation and suction drainage with high concentrations of antibiotic solutions gave the best results. In instances of failure, the causes may be due to inadequate removal of infected sclerotic bone and sequestra, obstruction of drainage tubes, resistance to antibiotics, or inadequate systemic antibiotic treatment. The use of myocutaneous flap transference to close the postoperative wound of chronic osteomyelitis was introduced, and preliminary results are encouraging.     

MRI diagnosis of tuberculous vertebral osteomyelitis

Two patients with suspected tuberculous spondylitis and one patient with previous Pott's disease were evaluated preoperatively with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The MRI provided more exact anatomic localization of vertebral and paravertebral tuberculous abscesses in multiple planes not previously available with more conventional diagnostic methods in the patients with suspected tuberculous spondylitis. This was helpful for localization in planning of surgical approaches. In the patient with previous Pott's disease, spinal cord compression was detected using MRI, which showed no evidence of active tuberculosis. Two case reports are offered to show the benefit of using MRI as a diagnostic technique in preoperative evaluation and as a method of monitoring treatment response of tuberculous spondylitis. The third case shows the benefit of using MRI to rule out active infection and to detect other forms of spinal pathology.