大肠癌组织和正常组织自体荧光差异及其机制研究

目的 探讨大肠癌组织自体荧光光谱特征及其生物学机制.方法 对30例大肠癌病人的癌组织和正常组织进行激光诱导自体荧光光谱分析及Ⅳ型胶原的免疫组织化学检测,并进行相关性分析.结果 大肠癌组织在460nm处自体荧光峰强度低于相应正常组织的峰强度,随着癌组织中Ⅳ型胶原表达的降低,癌组织与相应正常组织的自体荧光峰强度差异增大.结论 大肠癌组织自体荧光峰强度明显低于相应正常组织的峰强度,Ⅳ型胶原的降解是大肠癌自体荧光减弱的组织学基础.     

激光诱导荧光诊断大肠癌的临床研究

目的 探讨利用激光诱导自体荧光光谱对大肠癌进行临床诊断的可行性.方法 使用370 nm的激光器和荧光探测系统对临床病例进行大肠组织离体及在体实验,进行荧光光谱测定和分析.结果 大肠正常组织和癌组织的自体荧光光谱特征差异主要表现在谱峰位置和强度方面,在400～600 nm范围内正常组织的荧光强度显著高于癌组织,尤其是480m左右的荧光强度存在明显差异;癌组织在波长(623±8)nm附近有1个突起的小峰,光谱强度也明显高于正常组织.结论 用激光诱导自体荧光光谱对大肠癌进行临床诊断是可行的.     

激光诱导自体荧光光谱区分大肠癌组织与大肠正常组织

目的探讨应用激光诱导自体荧光（LIAF）光谱方法诊断大肠癌的可行性，并确立判断依据。方法收集32例大肠癌手术切除的离体标本及相对应的大肠正常组织。采用Nd：YAG三倍频调Q激光器（波长380nm）和光学多道分析仪（OMA），观察大肠癌标本的激光诱导自体荧光光谱，根据大肠癌组织和大肠正常组织的激光诱导自体荧光光谱特征规律，寻找能够区分两者的光谱差异，得出判断依据，并与病理切片检查结果比较。结果大肠癌组织和大肠正常组织的LIAF光谱形状相似，均为双峰结构，大肠癌组织LIAF光谱强度及主、次峰强度明显低于大肠正常组织（P〈0．001）。LIAF光谱主峰波长475nm，次峰波长550nm，且大肠癌组织在640nm处，荧光光谱强度高于大肠正常组织。去除背景光后取上述各点集成荧光强度比值X1=（I475-1550）／I640，X2=I475／I640,X3=I550/I640为参数，采用改进的神经网络模型，建立数学判别方程√（6.184375＊X1）^2＋（1.987699＊X2）^2＋（2.965413＊X3）^2＋0．2，若W≥12判为大肠正常组织，若W〈12判为大肠癌组织。采用100个抽样标本进行模型检验，识别的准确率为94％。结论激光诱导自体荧光（LIAF）光谱可用于区分大肠正常组织与大肠癌组织。     

Cr:LiSAF激光诱导的大肠癌自体荧光研究

目的研究利用激光诱导自体荧光对肿瘤进行诊断。方法用Cr:LiSAF激光器诱导癌组织和正常组织产生自体荧光,分析各试验组光谱强度差异。结果在(461.3±10.1)nm处,正常组织的荧光峰值强度明显大于癌症组织,而在(627.5±9.8)nm处,正常组织的荧光峰值强度则明显小于癌症组织。结论大肠正常组织和癌组织的激光诱导自体荧光光谱差异有显著性,具有较强的实用性。     

大肠癌组织激光诱导自体荧光光谱规律

目的 探讨大肠癌组织激光诱导自体荧光(LIAF)光谱规律.方法 以Nd:YAG三倍频调Q激光器(波长380 nm)和光学多道分析仪(OMA)系统,自正常大肠组织、癌旁组织至癌组织,分别连续检测18例大肠癌手术标本的LIAF光谱.结果 大肠正常组织、癌旁组织和癌组织的LIAF光谱形状相似,均为双峰结构,主次峰波长分别为475 nm和550 nm;主峰强度由正常大肠组织经癌旁组织至癌组织依次为1413.78±96.46、751.22±76.32和490.84±81.28,癌组织平均降低922.94,与正常组织相比,差异有显著性(P＜0.001).结论 正常大肠组织、癌旁组织至癌组织LIAF光谱强度逐渐降低,光谱形状相似,主、次峰波长一致;癌组织的荧光强度低可能与激发光难于穿透癌组织激发到黏膜下层的荧光物质或(和)黏膜下层荧光物质减弱有关.     

膀胱正常组织和癌组织的显微自体荧光差异研究

目的:探讨膀胱正常组织和癌组织的显微自体荧光信号在膀胱壁各层的分布差异,为荧光法诊断早期膀胱癌提供理论基础。方法:采用共聚焦显微自体荧光图像系统采集与分析膀胱正常组织和癌组织的显微自体荧光图像。结果:正常组织的固有层呈现很强的荧光信号,上皮细胞荧光很弱。癌组织中癌细胞的荧光信号很弱,正常组织固有层的自体荧光强度显著地高于癌组织(P<0.001)。结论:膀胱正常组织各层荧光强度显著地高于癌组织对应深度的荧光强度,癌变后组织结构完整性的破坏和生化成分的改变是癌组织自体荧光强度降低的根本原因。     

结肠癌的激光诱发荧光光谱特征及其区分标准

用氮分子激光（波长３３７ｎｍ）做为激发光源，光多道分析仪为光谱分析手段，对３９例正常结肠和大肠癌的激光诱发荧光（ＬＩＦ）光谱分析的结果发现，正常结肠和大肠癌各具其不同的光谱特征峰值。正常结肠有一主峰和一次峰，主峰相对强度较强，其近红光侧下降较快，Ｆ１（４００ｎｍ处强度／５３０ｎｍ处强度）平均为１．２９，Ｆ２（主峰强度）平均为１２０２８，Ｆ３（主峰波长）在４６０ｎｍ；大肠癌也有一主峰和一次峰，主峰相对强度较弱，其强度为正常结肠强度的１／３～１／５，主峰近红光侧下降迟缓，Ｆ１平均为０．４３，Ｆ２平均为３９７０，Ｆ３在４７０ｎｍ。以正常结肠光谱参数为标准，区分大肠癌的敏感性为７４％，特异性为９６％，阳性预示值９４％，阴性预示值７８．６％，诊断符合率８４％；以大肠癌光谱参数为标准，区分大肠癌的敏感性为９１．３％，特异性为７３．９％，阳性预示值７７．８％，阴性预示值８９．５％，诊断符合率８３％。上述结果说明ＬＩＦ可以用来区分正常结肠和大肠癌     

大肠组织自体荧光光谱的判别诊断研究

目的：探讨利用激光诱导自体荧光对大肠正常与肿瘤组织进行可靠的判别与诊断。方法：利用自体荧光在体检测系统在结肠镜下测量获取组织自体荧光光谱,采用一种多元判别算法对光谱进行判别分类。结果：所建立的多元统计判别算法可以较高的灵敏度和特异性区分正常组织与肿瘤组织。对未知组织进行判别的灵敏度为80％,特异性为84％。     

荷瘤鼠乳腺癌组织的飞秒双光子荧光诊断

目的：检测荷瘤鼠乳腺癌组织的双光子荧光光谱。方法：乳腺癌荷瘤鼠腹腔注射血卟啉（HpD)。以飞秒激光照射小鼠的癌组织部位及周围正常组织部位。观察HpD双光子荧光光谱。结果：小鼠的癌组织部位可观察到外源性HpD双光子荧光光谱，而正常组织部位未观察到明显的双光子荧光光谱。结论：结论：飞秒激光外源性血卟啉双光子荧光诊断可作为癌症诊断的新方法。     

激光诱发荧光光谱诊断大肠癌价值初探

目的：研究用激光诱发自体荧光（ＬＩＦ）诊断大肠癌的光谱诊断标准。方法：采用ＬＩＦ技术对５８例大肠癌标本进行了检测。结果：有５３例（９１．４％）癌标本主峰峰强度＜５５００ｕ,次峰峰强度＜２０００ｕ,波谷强度＜１８００ｕ;而相应的非癌对照组织主峰峰强度＞１１０００ｕ,次峰峰强度＞４０００ｕ,波谷强度＞３８００ｕ。用该标准诊断大肠癌,敏感度９１．４％,特异度１００％,假阳性率０,假阴性率０．９１％。结论     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.