牙周炎治疗后龈沟液中弹性蛋白酶水平的变化

目的 观察龈沟液中细胞外弹性蛋白酶和细胞内弹性蛋白酶在牙周基础治疗后的变化。方法用滤 要的袋内取样法取８例患者４３个牙位治疗前后的ＧＣＦ样本，以底物检测法测定其中的ＥＡ－Ｓ及ＥＡ－Ｐ水平。结果 治疗后的ＧＣＦ－ＥＡ－Ｓ、ＥＡ－Ｐ总量及ＥＡ－Ｓ浓度、ＥＡ－Ｓ／ＥＡ／Ｐ比值均较治疗前师表ＥＡ－Ｐ浓度治疗前后无显著差异。结论ＧＣＦ－ＥＡ水平反映牙周组织的炎症破坏程度，可作为评价疗效的客观指标，尤其是ＥＡ     

龈沟液中性多形核白细胞及其溶酶体酶的诊断学意义

宿主中性多形核白细胞（ＰＭＮｓ）过度的炎症反应与牙周病的进展密切相关，ＰＭＮｓ释放的溶酶体酶具有潜在的诊断价值。本文就龈沟液（ＧＣＦ）中ＰＭＮｓ及其３种特异的溶酶体酶（β－葡萄糖苷酸酶、弹性蛋白酶、髓过氧化物酶）作一综述，建议将ＧＣＦ多种生化指标及ＰＭＮｓ计数结合起来进行研究。     

龈沟液中性多形核白细胞数目的重复性研究

目的 为研究一些溶酶体源的酶成分与ＰＭＮ的关系提供一个可靠的取样方法。方法 采用龈沟灌洗的方法，间隔２４ｈ重复取ＧＣＦ样本，２￣５倍稀释后于光学显微镜下计数ＰＭＮ，观察两次的ＧＣＦ中ＰＭＮ数目的变化。结果 两次的ＰＭＮ数目没有统计学差别且强正相关（ｒ＝０．９８８），结论 在临床指标较为一致的情况下，可用第２天的ＰＭＮ数目反映第１天的状况。     

成人牙周炎治疗前后龈沟液蛋白质的电泳分析

目的通过分析成人牙周炎患者同一位点基础治疗前后１个月龈沟液（ｇｉｎｇｉｖａｌｃｒｅｖｉｃｕｌａｒｆｌｕｉｄ，ＧＣＦ）中蛋白成分的改变，以期发现能够反映牙周健康及疾病状况的特异蛋白。方法采用滤纸条法收集１２例成人牙周炎患者５６个位点ＧＣＦ样本，以十二烷基磺酸钠聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（ＳＤＳＰＡＧＥ）法分离，ＩｍａｇｅＭａｓｔｅｒＴＭ电泳图象分析仪分析其中的蛋白质。结果治疗后蛋白区带数及非血清源低分子量１２０００，１００００蛋白的丰度及百分含量较治疗前显著减少（分别为Ｐ＜０００１和Ｐ＜００５），而３８０００蛋白百分含量呈增加趋势且与治疗前牙周探诊深度和ＧＣＦ量呈负相关（Ｐ＜００５）。结论分子量为１２０００，１００００的蛋白与牙周炎症有关；分子量３８０００的蛋白与疾病的好转有关     

龈沟液中天冬氨酸转氨酶及乳酸脱氢酶水平在牙周炎诊断中的作用

对３０例牙周炎患者的１２０颗牙及９例健康对照者的３６颗牙的龈沟液（Ｇｉｎｇｉｖａｌ Ｇｒｅｖｉｃｕｌａｒ ｆｌｕｉｄ，ＧＣＦ）中天冬氨酸转氨酶（Ａｓｐａｒｔａｔｅ ａｍｔｈｏｒａｎｓｆｅｒａｓｅ，ＡＳＴ）及乳酸脱氢酶（Ｌａｃｔａｔｅ ｄｅｈｙｄｒｏｇｅｎａｓｅ，ＬＤＨ）水平进行了测定，发现牙周炎患者ＧＣＦ－ＡＳＴ及ＧＣＦ－ＬＤＨ水平明显高于健康对照者。并且两种酶水平与牙周临床指标呈高度正相关。提示     

三种牙周炎患者龈沟液中IL—8的检测

目的：探讨ＩＬ－８与不同种类牙周炎的关系，比较三种牙周炎，即青少年牙周炎（ｊｕｖｅｎｉｌｅｐｅｒｉ－ｏｄｏｎｔｉｔｉｓ，ＪＰ），快速进展型牙周炎（ｒａｐｉｄｐｒｏｇｒｅｓｓｉｖｅｐｅｒｉｏｄｏｎｔｉｔｉｓ，ＲＰＰ）和成人牙周炎（ａｄｕｌｔｐｅｒｉｏｄｏｎｔｉｔｉｓ，ＡＰ）龈沟液（ｇｉｎｇｉｖａｌｃｒｅｖｉｃｕｌａｒｆｌｕｉｄ，ＧＣＦ）中ＩＬ－８浓度和检出率。方法：采集ＪＰ、ＲＰＰ和ＡＰ患者ＧＣＦ，用ＥＬＩＳＡ法对ＧＣＦ中ＩＬ－８进行检测。结果：ＡＰ患者ＧＣＦ中ＩＬ－８检出率为６７．８５％，明显高于ＪＰ组、ＲＰＰ组的检出率（分别为３４．４８％、２５％）；ＧＣＦ中ＩＬ－８浓度无明显差别。结论：ＪＰ、ＲＰＰ患牙ＧＣＦ中ＩＬ－８检出率低可能是造成此种牙周炎局部中性粒细胞趋化异常的原因之一。     

固齿膏对牙周炎龈沟液中IL—8的影响

通过观察服用固齿膏后龈沟液（ｇｉｎｇｉｖａｌｃｒｅｖｉｃｕｌａｒｆｌｕｉｄ，ＧＣＦ）中白细胞介素８（ＩＬ８）的变化，目的为探讨中药固齿膏与细胞因子间的关系。选成人牙周炎患者２４人，每人口中选患牙１个，龈上洁治后随机分为两组，一组服用固齿膏，另一组不服用任何药物，１个月后复诊。用酶联免疫检测（ＥＬＩＳＡ）法检测龈沟液中ＩＬ８水平。结果表明，服药组１个月后龈沟液中ＩＬ８水平和龈沟液量显著下降，而未服药组的ＩＬ８水平和龈沟液量与治疗前无显著差别。提示固齿膏对ＩＬ８和龈沟液的产生有抑制作用。     

一本值得推荐的口腔颌面外科专著——重建修复前口腔颌面外科学

一本值得推荐的口腔颌面外科专著——重建修复前口腔颌面外科学ＲＥＣＯＮＳＴＲＵＣＴＩＶＥＰＲＥＰＲＯＳＴＨＥＴＩＣＯＲＡＬＡＮＤＭＡＸＩＬＬＯＦＡＣＩＡＬＳＵＲＧＥＲＹＲａｙｍｏｎｄＪ．Ｆｏｎｓｅｃａ，Ｗ．ＨｏｗａｒｄＤａｖｉｓ，ＳｅｃｏｎｄＥｄｉｔｉ...     

牙周炎患者治疗前后龈沟液中可溶性细胞间粘附分子-1的变化

了解成人牙周炎患者治疗前后龈沟液中可溶性细胞间粘附分子－１含量的变化。方法：采用常规滤纸条法收集正常成人以及成年人牙周炎患者治疗前后的ＧＣＦ样本,用ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测其ｓＩＣＡＭ－１的含量。结果治疗后ＧＦＣ中ｓＩＣＡＭ－１的水平显著下降。     

口腔颌面部血管外皮肉瘤(附6例报告)

口腔颌面部血管外皮肉瘤（附６例报告）ＨＥＭＡＮＧＩＯＰＥＲＩＣＹＴＩＣＳＡＲＣＯＭＡＯＮＯＲＡＬＡＮＤＭＡＸＩＬＬＯＦＡＣＩＡＬＲＥＧＩＯＮ：ＡＲＥＰＯＲＴＯＦ６ＣＡＳＥＳ杜晓军沈言备黄晓峰血管外皮肉瘤ＨｅｍａｎｇｉｏｐｅｒｉｃｙｔｅＳａｒｃｏ－ｍａ...     

龈沟液中性多形核白细胞数目的重复性研究

目的为研究一些溶酶体源的酶成分与PMN的关系提供一个可靠的取样方法。方法采用龈沟灌洗的方法，间隔24h重复取GCF样本，2～5倍稀释后于光学显微镜下计数PMN，观察两次的GCF中PMN数目的变化。结果两次的PMN数；数没有统计学差别且强正相关（r＝0．988）。结论在临床指标较为一致的情况下，可用第2天的PMN数目反映第1天的状况。     

Lactoferrin in the gingival crevice as a marker of polymorphonuclear leucocytes in periodontal diseases

Abstract This study examined lactoferrin (LF) levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and set out to test the hypothesis that LF could act as a marker of crevicular polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN), Therefore, 2 experiments were conducted: (a) to quantify total LF (ng/30 s sample) in GCF; (b) to correlate LF levels (ng/μl) and PMN numbers (PMNs/μl) in gingival crevicular washings (GCW). GCF was collected from 71 sites in a total of 22 patients. These sites were classified on the basis of clinical indices of gingivitis (GI) and pocket depth (PD) into three clinical groups:‘healthy’, ‘gingivitis’ and ‘periodontitis’. GCWs were obtained from an additional 63 sites in 21 patients. LF in GCF and GCWs was assayed by a sandwich ELISA. Total leucocyte and differential counts were performed on the GCWs. GCF LF (ng/30 s) correlated positively with GI (r=0.418, p<0.001), PD (r=0.415, p<0.001) and GCF volume (r=0.624, p<0.001). Gingivitis (n=21) and periodontitis sites (n=24) demonstrated significantly higher (p<0.05) total GCF LF than healthy (n=26) sites. In GCWs LF (ng/μl) showed stronger correlations with clinical indices (GI: r=0.452, PD: r=0.513, p<0.001) than did PMN numbers (PMNs/μl) (GI: r=0.279, PD: r=0.388, p<0.05). LF correlated strongly with PMNs in GCWs (r=0.531, p<0.001) and provides a simple and effective marker of crevicular PMN numbers.     

The role of IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha in hyper-reactivity of neutrophils in rapidly progressive periodontitis patients]

OBJECTIVE: Neutrophils (PMNs) from rapidly progressive periodontitis (RPP) was found to generate abnormally high levels of oxygen radicals. Elastase activity in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) from RPP was also found much higher. It suggested that PMNs in some RPP patients are hyper-reactive. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanism of PMN hyper-reactivity by surveying the correlation of TNF-alpha level with elastase activity in GCF and by evaluating the association between PMN infiltration and the expression of IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha in gingival tissues from RPP patients. METHODS: 41 GCF samples from 22 RPP patients and 34 GCF samples from 11 healthy controls were collected. The total amount of TNF-alpha in GCF was detected using ELISA. The elastase activity was measured with a low molecular weight substrate (S2484) specific for granulocyte. The correlation of TNF-alpha level with elastase activity in a GCF sample was analyzed with Spearman correlation. 20 gingival specimens were obtained respectively from 10 RPP patients and 5 periodontally healthy controls. The expression of IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha was detected with immunohistochemistry. The distribution of PMN was observed with hematoxylin and eosin staining. RESULTS: Total amount of TNF-alpha in GCF was positively correlated with elastase activity (r = 0.44, P < 0.05). The IL-1 beta- and TNF-alpha-positive cells in gingiva were superimposed in areas where PMNs infiltration predominant. CONCLUSION: The hyper-reactivity of PMN in RPP patients was related to locally produced IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha.     

Leukocyte functions in 2 cases of Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome

AIM: To investigate the r?le of leukocytes in the pathogenesis of Papillon-Lefevre syndrome (PLS). METHODS: Peripheral blood polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs), monocytes (MNs) and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were obtained from 2 cases of PLS with typical features. The chemotaxis of PMNs and MNs were evaluated using a modified Boyden chamber. The adherence of PMNs was determined by adherence of PMNs to petri dishes. Interleukin-8 (IL-8) in GCF was detected by sandwich ELISA. Elastase activity in GCF was measured with a low molecular weight substrate (S-2484) specific for granulocyte elastase. RESULTS: PMNs from both patients showed depressed chemotactic response to FMLP and IL-8. Total amounts of IL-8 in GCF from the 2 patients were much higher than those of the normal controls. Elastase activity was not significantly different from that of the controls. The adherence of PMN and the chemotaxis of MN in the 2 patients were normal. CONCLUSION: The depressed chemotactic response of PMN leads to decreased recruitment of PMN and/or release of lysozyme from PMN in the diseased gingival tissue, increasing the susceptibility of PLS patients to periodontal infection.     

Gingival crevicular fluid myeloperoxidase at periodontitis sites

This investigation was undertaken to determine the relationship between the amount of the polymorphoruclear leukocye (PMN) cnzyme mycloperoxidasc (MPO) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) collected from periodontius sites before and after root planning and (1) gingival drsease status described by clinical indices. (2) the quantity of GCF. and (3) differential dark-field coums of Subgingival plaque microorganisms. Similar measurements except dark-field microbial counts, were made at sites with minimal signs of periodontal disease. Higher levels of GCF MPO occurred at periodontals sites. Reduced enzyme activity fooled instrumentation therapy. The reduced enzyme activity, however, was not specifically associated with decreases in clinical indices. GCF MPO was only weakly dependent of GCF volume Consequently a major portion of the greater GCF MPO observed before root planning reflected a characteristic of the lesion other than a difference in GCF volume. Before therapy more GCF MPO was noted at sites with a greater number of subgingival plaque microorganisms. However, there was no relationship between GCF MPO and the proportion of spirochetes, mobile and rod forms in the samples. These data support the conclusion that the quantity of GCF MPO reflects factors other than those associated with clinical parameters commonly used to assess inflammatory periodontal disease.     

PMN responses in chronic periodontal disease: evaluation by gingival crevicular fluid enzymes and elastase-alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor complex

OBJECTIVES: In the present trial, the hypothesis was examined that the local PMN responses in untreated and treated chronic periodontitis can be differentiated by gingival crevicular fluid lysosomal enzyme activities and elastase-alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor complex. METHODS: In nine subjects (average age 49.2 +/- 7.1 years) with chronic periodontitis, clinical parameters and markers of the PMN-derived inflammatory tissue response in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were assessed before and 6 months after surgical periodontal therapy. Myeloperoxidase (MPO), beta-N-acetyl-hexosaminidase (beta-NAH) and cathepsin D (CD) were analyzed as indicators of the PMN-associated host tissue destruction, and elastase-alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor complex (alpha-1-EPI) as the major serum protein inactivating PMN elastase. The total activities of the lysosomal enzymes MPO and beta-NAH were evaluated spectrophotometrically, the CD levels by liquid scintillation counting with [14C] hemoglobin as substrate, and the total alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor complex using a sandwich-immunoassay. RESULTS: The clinical parameters revealed a statistical significant decrease at the 6-month reexamination. PD levels dropped from 5.40 to 2.88 mm (change 2.52 +/- 1.04 mm), the CAL scores from 6.67 to 4.43 mm (change 2.24 +/- 0.77 mm). The 30 s GCF volumes dropped from 129.8 to 68.6, displaying a change of 61.1 +/- 18.6, p 相似文献   

The recovery efficiency of various materials for sampling enzymes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes from gingival crevices

Abstract The present investigation was designed to assess the effects of strips made of different materials on the recovery of enzymes in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) (Experiment 1), and to examine a possible relationship between lysosomal enzyme activities and number of crevicular polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, GCF was collected with capillaries from 14 patients with periodontal disease, and applied on various test strips in microcentrifuge tubes or directly into tubes (controls). Strips were then shaken and centrifuged to elute GCF enzymes. The supernate was used for determinations of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), β-glucuronidase (BG) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities. The % recoveries were calculated as relative percentages to controls. When using saline as eluent, 90% or more ALP, BG and AST were found to be recovered from strips of durapore and papers. More than 35% of ALP and BG was found to remain on paper points. However, the % recoveries from paper points were improved using eluent with 0.1% (w/v) cetyl pyridinium chloride. In Experiment 2, 54 GCF samples were collected from 3 periodontitis patients by using durapore strips, in order to measure both PMN numbers and BG activities in the same samples. The 2 parameters showed strong and positive correlation with 0.847 (p<0.001) of the Pearson's correlation coefficient. These findings suggest that durapore is a useful material not only for counting PMNs but also for measuring activities of GCF enzymes. Elevation of BG activities in GCF can be due to increasing numbers of PMNs.     

The relationship between elastase and lactoferrin in healthy, gingivitis and periodontitis sites

OBJECTIVES: To compare the relative amounts of elastase (primary polymorphonuclear leucocyte granule constituent) and lactoferrin (secondary PMN granule constituent) in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of healthy, gingivitis and periodontitis sites.
DESIGN: This cross-sectional study looked at the two GCF constituents in three categories of disease status within the same subject.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with chronic adult periodontitis were screened and those exhibiting all three types of sites ie periodontally healthy, gingivitis and periodontitis sites were recruited (n = 10) and had GCF collected from the three sites. Lactoferrin and elastase were measured in eluates of GCF by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
RESULTS: The absolute amount of lactoferrin measured in ng per 30 s samples was significantly lower in healthy and gingivitis sites as compared to periodontitis sites however this difference failed to reach significance when the concentration of lactoferrin in GCF was used as the analytical unit. No significant differences were found for elastase levels at any sites when expressed as either absolute amounts or concentrations. Secondary granule release, as evidenced by lactoferrin levels, occurs during cell migration and the process is independent of primary granule release, which is thought to correlate with PMN activation. The relationship between granule constituents in the samples showed significant differences, the highest lactoferrinlelastase ratio being at periodontitis sites (P < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS These findings imply a change in the relative amounts of elastase and lactoferrin released at different disease level sites, with an almost 10-fold increase in the proportion of lactoferrin to elastase in periodontitis sites over healthy and gingivitis sites. This variation in the release by PMNs of primary and secondary granule constituents may indicate alterations in PMN function in different disease environments.     

Gingival crevicular fluid levels of calprotectin and myeloperoxidase during therapy for generalized aggressive periodontitis

BACKGROUND: Levels of the inflammation marker calprotectin in gingival crevicular fluid correspond to clinical and biochemical parameters of periodontal inflammation. Neutrophil granulocytes (polymorphonuclear neutrophils: PMNs) are supposed to be the main source of calprotectin in gingival crevicular fluid, but evidence is still lacking. The influence of periodontal therapy on gingival crevicular fluid levels of calprotectin has not yet been determined. OBJECTIVES: Gingival crevicular fluid levels of calprotectin were monitored during therapy for generalized aggressive periodontitis. Interrelations between calprotectin and the PMN marker myeloperoxidase (MPO) were evaluated. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Gingival crevicular fluid samples were collected from 23 patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis before and 3 months after non-surgical therapy with an adjunctive antimicrobial medication. Clinical parameters were recorded with a pressure-calibrated electronic probe. Levels of calprotectin and MPO in gingival crevicular fluid were analysed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) procedures. RESULTS: At baseline, levels of calprotectin and MPO were highly correlated. Bleeding and suppurating sites showed significantly higher levels of calprotectin and MPO than non-bleeding, non-suppurating sites. Therapy significantly decreased levels of both biomarkers. These changes of calprotectin and MPO were highly correlated and also related to probing-depth reduction. Three months after therapy, the levels of both markers still showed significant correlations in initially deep sites, whereas in initially shallow sites no significant correlation was found. After therapy, levels of markers in bleeding and non-bleeding sites were comparable. CONCLUSION: The correlations between calprotectin and MPO indicate that PMNs are a major contributor to the calprotectin content in gingival crevicular fluid of severely affected sites. Calprotectin levels in gingival crevicular fluid and their changes reflect periodontal inflammation as well as the clinical treatment outcome. A prognostic potential of this marker substance remains to be determined.