Soluble Fas ligand is another good diagnostic marker for tuberculous pleurisy

Soluble Fas ligand (sFasL) is abundant in effusions of tuberculous (TB) pleurisy; however, its diagnostic value has not been scrutinized. We collected pleural effusions from 79 patients, including 23 with TB pleurisy and 56 without TB, and measured sFasL, adenosine deaminase (ADA), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) concentrations of each specimen. The median of the sFasL concentration of the TB group was 57.3 pg/mL, which was significantly higher than that of the non-TB group (27.4 pg/mL) (P < 0.001). When cutoff value was 39.85 pg/mL, the sensitivity and specificity of sFasL were 95.7% and 80.4%, respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for sFasL was not significantly different from those of ADA and IFN-γ. Soluble FasL concentrations of TB patients were significantly higher than those of parapneumonic effusion subgroup (P = 0.039). In conclusion, pleural effusion sFasL is another good diagnostic marker for TB pleurisy.     

T-SPOT．TB 和 ADA 在结核性胸膜炎中的诊断价值

目的：评价外周血结核杆菌感染 T 细胞斑点试验（T-SPOT．TB）和胸腔积液腺苷脱氨酶（ADA）检测对结核性胸膜炎的辅助诊断价值。方法前瞻性纳入疑诊结核性胸膜炎患者62例,进行外周血 T-SPOT．TB、胸腔积液 ADA 检测,利用 ROC曲线探讨胸腔积液 ADA 诊断结核性胸膜炎的最佳临界值。结果根据诊断及分组标准,最终诊断结核性胸膜炎24例,非结核性胸膜炎33例,无法确定者5例,外周血 T-SPOT．TB 诊断结核性胸膜炎的灵敏度为91．7％,特异度为81．8％,阳性预测值78．6％,阴性预测值93．1％;结核性胸膜炎组 ADA 活性为（40．5±15．4）IU/L,非结核性胸膜炎组 ADA 活性为（12．4±9．5）IU/L,差异有统计学意义（P ＜0．01）;将 ADA 活性的临界值定为22．5 IU/L,其灵敏度和特异度分别为83．3％和84．8％;联合 T-SPOT．TB 与 ADA 检测灵敏度为95．8％。结论外周血 T-SPOT．TB 联合胸腔积液 ADA 对诊断结核性胸膜炎具有较高的灵敏度,对疑似结核性胸膜炎患者的快速、准确诊断具有重要的辅助诊断价值。     

不同类型标本腺苷脱氨酶对结核病诊断界点确定

目的探讨血清、胸腹腔积液、脑脊液中腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)测定对结核性胸腹腔积液、结核性脑膜炎诊断及鉴别诊断的临床应用价值。并通过ROC曲线分别确定胸腹腔积液、脑脊液中ADA测定对结核具有最佳诊断价值的界点。方法测定实验组与对照组血清、胸腹腔积液、脑脊液中的ADA。结果胸腹腔积液、脑脊液、血清中ADA对结核病诊断的阳性率分别达到了94.1%,60%,71.2%,30%,明显高于两种传统方法(P<0.01)。通过ROC曲线确定出胸腹腔积液、脑脊液ADA测定对结核病具有最佳诊断价值的界点分别为20和14U/L。结论血清、胸腹腔积液、脑脊液中ADA测定对结核病具有较高临床应用价值,但不同标本类型具有不同诊断界点。     

Diagnostic value of leptin in tuberculous pleural effusions

It is suggested that leptin may be involved in inflammation. Although relation between leptin levels and active pulmonary tuberculosis has been studied, there is no information about relation between leptin levels and tuberculous pleural effusions (TPE). We evaluated the diagnostic value of pleural fluid and serum leptin levels in TPE and compared them with adenosine deaminase (ADA). Forty-five patients, 17 tuberculous effusion and 28 nontuberculous effusion, with exudative pleural effusions were included. Leptin and ADA levels were measured from serum and pleural fluid in all patients. There were no statistically significant differences between tuberculous and nontuberculous groups with respect to the serum ADA activity and pleural fluid/serum leptin ratio. On the contrary, pleural fluid leptin level, pleural fluid ADA activity, serum leptin level and pleural fluid/serum ADA activity ratio were statistically different between tuberculous and nontuberculous groups. When leptin levels were corrected for body mass index, serum leptin levels did not reach statistical significance. Cut-off points to predict tuberculosis were calculated as 9.85 ng/ml and 35.55 U/l for pleural fluid leptin level and pleural fluid ADA activity, respectively. Sensitivity, specificity and area under the curve +/- standard error were 82.4%, 82.1%, 0.83 +/- 0.07 for pleural fluid leptin levels and 100%, 100%, 1.00 +/- 0.00 for pleural fluid ADA activity, respectively; the difference between these curves was significant (p = 0.01). Pleural fluid leptin levels were lower in tuberculous effusions than in other exudates. Pleural fluid leptin has a diagnostic value for TPE but not as good as that of ADA.     

Quantitative analysis of pleural fluid cell-free DNA as a tool for the classification of pleural effusions

BACKGROUND: Recently, much interest has been focused on the quantification of DNA in miscellaneous body fluids. In this study, the application is extended to classifying pleural effusions by measuring cell-free DNA in pleural fluid. METHODS: We recruited 50 consecutive patients with pleural effusions with informed consent. Pleural fluids were centrifuged at 13000 g, with supernatants aliquoted for extraction and analysis of beta-globin DNA sequence by quantitative real-time PCR. Serum and pleural fluid biochemistries were performed to classify pleural effusions using the modified criteria of Light et al. (Ann Intern Med 1972;77:507-13). The ROC curve was plotted to determine the cutoff DNA concentration for classifying pleural fluids as transudates or exudates. Indicators of diagnostic accuracy were calculated for both pleural fluid DNA and modified criteria of Light et al., using the discharge, microbiologic, and histologic diagnoses as the reference standard. RESULTS: The area under the ROC curve was 0.95 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.84-0.99]. At 509 genome-equivalents/mL, pleural fluid DNA alone correctly classified 46 of 50 pleural effusions with 91% sensitivity (95% CI, 76-98%), 88% specificity (95% CI, 64-98%), and positive and negative likelihood ratios of 7.7 (95% CI, 3.1-19.5) and 0.10 (95% CI, 0.04-0.27), respectively. With the modified criteria of Light et al., 43 of 50 pleural effusions were correctly classified with 97% sensitivity (95% CI, 91-100%) and 67% specificity (95% CI, 45-89%). There were significant correlations between cell-free DNA and both lactate dehydrogenase and total protein in pleural fluid, suggesting their common origin. CONCLUSIONS: Pleural fluid DNA concentrations are markedly increased in exudative effusions, making it a potential new tool to evaluate the etiologic causes of pleural effusions.     

Prolidase activity in serum and pleural fluids in patients with tuberculous pleural effusion [correction of effussion

Objectives

Pleural tuberculosis, which is present in around 4% of all tuberculosis cases may resolve spontaneously or associated with progressive disease and a high recurrence rate. Recently upon exposed to cytokines and bacterial products, mesothelium has been shown to produce collagen that may be involved in pleural inflammatory responses. Prolidase is involved in the final stage of degradation in collagen catabolism. In this study we aimed to evaluate pleural fluid and serum prolidase activities in patients with tuberculous (TB) pleurisy and compared with those in non-tuberculous (non-TB) pleural effusions.

Design and methods

21 patients with tuberculous (TB) pleurisy (11 F/10 M), ages 35-52 (median 44) and 22 patients (10 F/12 M), ages 41-63 (median 52) with non-tuberculous pleurisy included as non-tuberculous (non-TB) pleurisy group consecutively referred to our pulmonary clinic for evaluation. Serum and pleural prolidase activities in 21 TB and 22 non-TB pleurisy patients were analyzed by photometric method.

Results

Prolidase enzyme activities in serum and pleural fluids of TB group (1072 ± 171 and 1392 ± 215 U/L, respectively) were significantly higher than those values in non-TB group (787 ± 144 and 943 ± 174 U/L, respectively). Prolidase activities in pleural fluid were significantly higher than those in serum in both groups. There was a significant positive correlation between pleural and serum prolidase activities in TB group (r = 0.579 and p = 0.006) and in non-TB group (r = 0.858 and p < 0.001). In Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis, sensitivity and specificity values were 86% and 82% for a cut-off value of 1130 U/L for pleural prolidase activity and were 81% and 82% for a cut-off value of 952 U/L for serum prolidase activity, respectively.

Conclusion

In conclusion, there is an elevated pleural fluid and serum prolidase enzyme activity in patients with TB pleurisy compared with non-TB pleurisy group. The higher enzyme activities in TB group might reflect increased collagen turnover in those patients.     

Concurrent measurement of adenosine deaminase and dipeptidyl peptidase IV activity in the diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusion

Measurement of pleural fluid adenosine deaminase (ADA) levels aids diagnosing tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE). Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP) enzyme is closely related to ADA. Our aim was to determine the value of concurrent measurement of these T-cell–associated enzymes, ADA and DPP levels in the diagnosis of TPE. Patients with pleural effusion were grouped as TPE, parapneumonic, malignant, congestive heart failure related, and miscellaneous pleural effusions. Pleural and serum ADA and DPP levels were measured. Pleural and serum levels of ADA and pleural DPP were higher in TPE group than the rest. In 7 patients, pleural biopsy revealed granulomatous pleuritis. All of these patients had TPE and had elevated serum and pleural ADA levels. Serum and pleural ADA or DPP levels and pleural ADA and DPP levels correlated with each other. Selecting cutoff values of 40 and 27 IU/L for pleural ADA and DPP, respectively, the sensitivity of concurrent measurement of both enzymes was 77%, specificity 94%, and diagnostic efficiency 91%. ADA and DPP play an important role in tuberculous immunopathogenesis. The utility of DPP in the diagnosis of TPE has never been determined before. Concurrent measurement of ADA–DPP can aid in diagnosing TPE with higher specificity, sensitivity, and efficiency.     

Evaluation of interferon-gamma, interferon-gamma-inducing cytokines, and interferon-gamma-inducible chemokines in tuberculous pleural effusions

Tuberculous and malignant pleural effusions are representative of lymphocytic pleural effusions. In tuberculous pleurisy, especially, T-helper type 1 (Th1) cytokines are dominant, containing, for example, high concentrations of interferon (IFN)-gamma. We focused on cytokines that induce expression of IFN-gamma and Th1 cell-specific CXC chemokines induced by IFN-gamma. We also evaluated the diagnostic utility of these markers in tuberculous pleural effusions. Forty-three patients with pleural effusions (11 with tuberculous pleuritis, 32 with malignant pleuritis) were studied. We measured the pleural concentrations of IFN-gamma, IFN-gamma-inducing cytokines (interleukin IL-12 and IL-18), and IFN-gamma-inducible chemokines (interferon-gamma-inducible protein of 10-kD [IP-10], monokine induced by interferon-gamma [Mig], and interferon-inducible T-cell alpha chemoattractant [I-TAC]). Our results demonstrate that the concentrations of IFN-gamma, IFN-gamma-inducing cytokines, and IFN-gamma-inducible chemokines were all higher in tuberculous pleural effusions than in malignant pleural effusions. Also, IFN-gamma was significantly correlated with IL-12, Mig, and I-TAC. Moreover, receiver-operator-characteristic (ROC) analysis demonstrated that IFN-gamma produced a greater area under the ROC curve than any other factor. We conclude that the concentrations of IFN-gamma, cytokines that induce expression of IFN-gamma, and chemokines induced by IFN-gamma in tuberculous pleural effusion were all increased. The Th1 chemokines we examined, especially IP-10, are comparable to IFN-gamma as diagnostic markers of tuberculous and malignant pleural effusions, although IFN-gamma is the most valuable.     

胸水中IL-18、IFN-γ和ADA检测对结核性和恶性胸水的鉴别诊断价值

[目的]探讨白细胞介素-18（IL-18）,γ-干扰素（IFN-γ）和腺苷脱氨酶（ADA）对结核性和恶性胸水的鉴别诊断价值.[方法]将胸水标本分为结核性胸水组和恶性胸水组,用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）检测IL-18和IFN-γ水平,用酶速率法检测ADA 水平.[结果] 结核性胸水组中IL-18、IFN-γ和ADA水平均显著高于恶性胸水组（P〈0.01）.IL-18界值为82.92 pg/mL时,敏感度为82.8%,特异性为92.3%.IFN-γ界值为50.78 pg/mL时,敏感度为82.8%,特异性为92.3%.ADA界值为38.35 U/L时,敏感度为82.8%,特异性为94.9%.[结论]胸水中IL-18、IFN-γ和ADA检测对结核性胸水和恶性胸水有鉴别诊断意义.     

细胞游离DNA定量分析用于浆膜腔积液鉴别诊断研究

目的应用实时荧光定量PCR检测浆膜腔积液中细胞游离DNA含量，探讨浆膜腔漏出液和渗出液鉴别诊断指标。方法选择β-珠蛋白基因作为细胞游离DNA的代表标志物，设计引物和探针建立双标记荧光素TaqMan系统；以人类全基因组DNA为模板PCR扩增，扩增产物经克隆建立标准物，从而对浆膜腔积液中细胞游离DNA进行定量分析。结果对172份明确诊断的浆膜腔积液标本进行分析，浆膜腔积液中细胞游离DNA浓度的受试者工作特征曲线（ROC）曲线下面积为0．958，95％可信区间（cI）为0．931～0．986（P=0．00）；积液中细胞游离DNA的cutoff浓度为306拷贝／mL，对浆膜腔积液漏出液和渗出液的鉴别诊断灵敏度为91．8％，特异性为92．3％；渗出液（细菌性、结核性和恶性）中细胞游离DNA浓度明显高于漏出液（P≤0．001），细菌性积液和结核性积液之间细胞游离DNA浓度差异无统计学意义（P=0．996），但明显高于恶性积液中细胞游离DNA浓度（P≤0．018）。结论浆膜腔积液中细胞游离DNA可作为浆膜腔漏出液和渗出液鉴别诊断指标。     

探讨渗出性胸腔积液ADA、CEA对良恶性胸腔积液的诊断价值

目的 探究渗出性胸腔积液腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)、癌胚抗原(CEA)对良恶性胸腔积液的诊断价值.方法 选择2017年1月至2020年8月本院收治的106例渗出性胸腔积液患者,将患者分为恶性组(n=36)和良性组(n=70).对两组患者胸水ADA、胸水CEA、血清CEA水平进行比较,采用单因素、多因素Logistic回归分析...     

Pleural fluid and serum procalcitonin as diagnostic tools in tuberculous pleurisy

BACKGROUND: Diagnosis of tuberculous pleuritis is difficult because of its nonspecific clinical presentation and decreased efficiency of traditional diagnostic methods. We investigated the use of procalcitonin (PCT) concentration in tuberculous pleuritis diagnosis. METHODS: A prospective clinical study was performed with two different patient groups. A total of 28 patients were included: 18 with tuberculosis and 10 with nontuberculous pleurisy. Serum and pleural fluid PCT concentrations were evaluated before treatment. RESULTS: Serum and pleural fluid PCT concentrations were statistically different between tuberculous and nontuberculous pleurisy groups (P = 0.012 and P = 0.004, respectively), even though they were not elevated in relation to the cut-off level of 0.5 ng/mL. A positive and significant correlation was detected between serum and pleural fluid PCT levels (r = 0.49, P = 0.008). Diagnostic specificity and sensitivity values for serum and pleural fluid PCT in discriminating tuberculous from nontuberculous pleurisy were 80% and 72.2%, and 90% and 66.7% at the 0.081 and 0.113 ng/mL cut-off values, respectively. CONCLUSION: Relative to the current cut-off level of 0.5 ng/mL, PCT concentration is not a useful parameter for the diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy. Because there were PCT levels in patients with tuberculous pleurisy that were below the current cut-off level but were significantly different from those of the nontuberculous group, the use of PCT should be further investigated.     

胸膜厚度、腺苷脱氨酶、胸腔积液癌胚抗原/血清癌胚抗原比值对恶性与结核性胸腔积液的鉴别诊断价值

目的评价胸膜厚度、腺苷脱氨酶（ADA）、胸腔积液癌胚抗原/血清癌胚抗原（胸腔积液CEA/血清CEA）比值在恶性与结核性胸腔积液的鉴别诊断中的价值。方法选择经胸腔镜病理组织检查确诊胸腔积液患者91例,按病理结果分为2组,结核性胸膜炎组（结核性组）43例和恶性胸腔积液组（恶性组）48例。对2组患者胸腔积液CEA/血清CEA比值、ADA和CT影像学上表现的胸膜厚度、胸腔积液密度变化进行比较。结果恶性组胸腔积液CEA/血清CEA比值高于结核性组[6.72±6.9 vs 0.82±0.43（t=-3.832,P=0.001）,ADA水平低于结核性组（21.9±6.5）vs（50.3±31.9）U/L（t=4.474,P=0.000）];恶性组胸膜厚度〉10.0 mm且以弥漫型为主,结核性组胸膜厚度6.0 mm左右且以局限性为主;胸膜厚度、ADA、胸腔积液CEA/血清CEA3项联合检测的灵敏度、特异度、灵敏度/1-特异性（AUC）分别为90.0%、96.0%、0.869,均高于单检和2项联检,且3项联检的特异度与胸腔积液CEA/血清CEA＋ADA、胸膜厚度＋胸腔积液CEA/血清CEA联检的特异度比较差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0.05）。结论胸膜厚度、ADA、胸腔积液CEA/血清CEA3项联合检测对鉴别恶性与结核性胸腔积液有较高的临床价值。     

胸水中CYFRA21－1测定的临床意义

利用ＢｏｅｈｒｉｎｇｅｒＭａｎｎｈｅｉｍ公司的ＣＹＦＲＡ２１－１酶免疫分析试剂盒，测定了已有明确诊断的１３０例胸腔渗漏液标本。结果表明，ＣＹＦＲＡ２１－１对于癌性胸水的诊断敏感性为６１．３％，特异性为８７．３％，准确度为７２．３％。若同时利用ＡＤＡ活性测定排除结核性胸膜炎，则其特异性可达９２．８％。揭示ＣＹＦＲＡ２１－１测定对胸水良恶性的诊断与鉴别诊断具有重要的临床价值。     

腺苷脱氨酶检测对鉴别结核性胸腔积液的意义

目的探讨腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)活性及其界限值对结核性胸膜炎的鉴别诊断价值。方法应用腺苷脱氨酶偶联谷氨酸脱氢酶连续检测法测定胸水及血清ADA,并运用统计学方法对数据进行处理。结果结核性胸膜炎和非结核性胸膜炎胸水ADA有显著差别(P<0.01),而血清ADA则无显著差别(P>0.05)。结论胸水ADA在诊断结核性胸膜炎和非结核性胸膜炎上具有鉴别价值,而血清ADA则无意义。     

腺苷脱氨酶同工酶在结核性胸积液和肿瘤性胸积液的诊断价值研究

目的探讨腺苷脱氨酶（ADA）同工酶（ADA1和ADA2）活性检测在结核性胸积液和肿瘤性胸积液的鉴别诊断意义。方法收集36例结核性胸积液和28例肿瘤性胸积液为研究对象,检测结核性胸积液和肿瘸性胸积液的总ADA和ADA2活性,比较两组胸积液的总ADA和ADA2活性区别在鉴别诊断的意义。结果结核性胸积液组的总ADA、ADA2活性显著高于肿瘤性胸积液组（P〈0．01）。在诊断结核性胸膜炎上,总ADA的敏感性和特异性分别为83．3％和92．86％;ADA2的敏感性和特异性分别为83．3％和96．4％。在诊断肿瘤性胸膜炎上,总ADA的敏感性和特异性分别为92．8％和81．2％,ADA2的敏感性和特异性分别为96．4％和81．8％。结论检测胸积液总ADA和ADA2活性可为结核性胸积液和肿瘤性胸积液的鉴别诊断提供有效参考,检测ADA2活性优于总ADA活性。     

Repeatability of pleural adenosine deaminase measurements in diagnostic evaluation of pleural effusions

Background

A follow‐up thoracentesis is proposed in suspected atypical tuberculosis cases. The study aimed to define the variability of pleural ADA values across repeated thoracenteses in different types of pleural effusions (PEs) and to evaluate whether ADA variance, in regard to the cutoff value of 40 U/L, affected final diagnosis.

Methods

A total of 131 patients with PEs of various etiologies underwent three repeated thoracenteses. ADA values were subsequently estimated.

Results

82% and 55% of patients had greater than 10% and 20% deviation from the highest ADA value, respectively. From those patients who had a variance of 20%, 36% had only increasing ADA values, while 19% had only decreasing values. Considering the cutoff value of 40 U/L, only in two cases, ADA decreased below this threshold, which concerned a man with tuberculous pleurisy and a woman with lymphoma both in the course of treatment. Furthermore, only in two cases with rising values, ADA finally exceeded the cutoff limit, which concerned a man with rheumatoid pleurisy and a man with tuberculous pleurisy. Surprisingly, malignant PEs (MPEs) showed a higher percentage of increasing values compared to all other exudates that did not, however, exceed the threshold.

Conclusion

The determination of pleural ADA levels is a reproducible method for rapid tuberculosis diagnosis. The detected measurement deviations do not appear to affect final diagnosis. In specific situations, repeated ADA measurements may be valuable in directing further diagnostic evaluation. More investigation is needed to elucidate the possible prognostic significance of the increasing trend in ADA values in MPEs.

     

Sonographic septation in lymphocyte-rich exudative pleural effusions: a useful diagnostic predictor for tuberculosis.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of the sonographic features of lymphocyte-rich exudative pleural effusions in the differential diagnosis of tuberculosis and lung cancer in an area with a high incidence of tuberculosis. METHODS: Medical records of patients undergoing chest sonography between January 2003 and June 2005 (30 months) were reviewed retrospectively. The enrolled patients included 73 with lung cancer-related pleural effusions and 93 with tuberculous pleural effusions. The sonographic appearances of the pleural effusions were defined in terms of 4 patterns: anechoic, homogeneously echogenic, complex septated, and complex nonseptated. RESULTS: Among the 73 lung cancer-related pleural effusions, there were sonographic appearances of an anechoic pattern in 11% (8/73), a complex septated pattern in 4% (3/73), and a complex nonseptated pattern in 85% (62/73). In 93 tuberculous pleural effusions, there were sonographic appearances of an anechoic pattern in 12% (11/93), a complex septated pattern in 47% (44/93), and a complex non-septated pattern in 41% (38/93). Apparently, a complex septated pattern in the sonographic appearance of lymphocyte-rich pleural effusions is a useful diagnostic predictor for differentiating tuberculosis from lung cancer (95% confidence interval, -0.57 to -0.29). If we define the complex septated pattern in the sonographic appearance of lymphocyte-rich exudative pleural effusions as a predictor for tuberculous pleural effusions, we can achieve sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and positive likelihood ratio values of 47%, 96%, 94%, 59%, and 12, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: A complex septated pattern in the sonographic appearance is a useful predictor of tuberculosis in lymphocyte-rich exudative pleural effusions.     

T-SPOT.TB联合ADA活性检测对结核性胸腔积液患者诊断效能的影响

目的:探讨T-SPOT.TB联合ADA活性检测对结核性胸腔积液患者诊断效能的影响。方法:选取2018年1月〜2020年6月我院结核性胸腔积液患者64例作为观察组,同期非结核性胸腔积液患者53例作为对照组。均行T-SPOT.TB、ADA活性检测,对比两组T-SPOT.TB、ADA水平,统计T-SPOT.TB、ADA单独及联合检测结果,分析二者联合检测对结核性胸腔积液诊断效能的影响。结果:观察组T-SPOT.TB阳性率、ADA水平高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);T-SPOT.TB单独检测阳性52例,阴性65例;ADA单独检测阳性55例,阴性62例;T-SPOT.TB联合ADA活,性检测阳性68例,阴性59例,T-SPOT.TB联合ADA活,性检测结核性胸腔积液的敏感度92.19%高于T-SPOT.TB 71.88%、ADA 75.00%单独诊断,漏诊率7.81%低于T-SPOT.TB 28.13%,ADA 25.00%单独诊断,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);T-SPOT.TB联合ADA活性检测结核性胸腔积液的特异度、准确率、误诊率、阳性预测值、阴性预测值与T-SPOT.TB、ADA活性检测单独诊断对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:结核性胸腔积液患者T-SPOT.TB、ADA水平升高显著,二者联合检测可进一步提高诊断效能,便于为临床鉴别诊断,制定治疗方案提供参考。     

Comparison of needle biopsy with cytologic analysis for the evaluation of pleural effusion: analysis of 414 cases

We retrospectively studied the results from thoracenteses and needle biopsies of the pleura performed in 414 patients with pleural effusions between 1973 and 1982. The final causes of effusion were malignant disease in 281 patients (67.9%) and nonmalignant disease in 133 (32.1%). The presence of pleural malignant disease was established by cytologic study in 162 patients (57.6%), by needle biopsy in 123 (43%), and by either cytologic analysis or biopsy in 182 (64.7%). In only 7.1% of the 281 patients with malignant pleural effusions did biopsy reveal malignant disease when the results of cytologic study were negative for malignant disease. Nearly half of the patients with lymphoma had lymphocytosis of the pleural fluid, but neither this finding nor the lymphocytic pleuritis noted on biopsy was diagnostic of lymphomatous involvement of the pleura. Among the patients with malignant mesothelioma, thoracotomy was necessary to confirm the diagnosis in 60.9%. In the patients with nonmalignant diseases, with the exception of six with tuberculous pleurisy, pleural biopsy was nondiagnostic even though the causes of pleural effusion were apparent from the clinical features. The causes of pleural effusion remained unknown in 82 patients (19.8%). Pleural biopsy failed to provide adequate tissue in 55 patients (13.3%). This study shows that cytologic analysis has a higher sensitivity (P less than 0.001) than needle biopsy for diagnosing malignant pleural effusions. The value of needle biopsy is limited in establishing the cause of pleural effusion that results from either malignant or nonmalignant disease, with the exception of tuberculous pleurisy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)