共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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骨质疏松症(OP)是以骨量减少、骨的微观结构退变,导致骨的脆性增加,易发生骨折为特征的一种全身性代谢性骨骼疾病.OP性骨折的发生与骨强度下降有关,而骨强度是由骨密度(BMD)和骨质量决定的.BMD约反映骨强度的70%,若BMD值低同时伴有其他危险因素会增加骨折的危险性,目前临床二采用BMD测量作为诊断OP、预测OP性骨折风险及评价药物干预疗效的最佳定量指标.BMD测量的方法较多,最常应用的是双能X线吸收测定法,其测量值也是目前国际学术界公认的OP诊断的金标准.基于双能X线吸收测定法测定,BMD值低于同性别、同种族正常成人的骨峰值不足1个标准差属于正常;降低1~2.5个标准差之间为骨量减少;降低程度等于或大于2.5个标准差为OP;BMD降低程度符合OP诊断标准同时伴有一处或多处骨折时为严重OP. 相似文献
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骨质疏松症的诊治及展望 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
骨质疏松症 (OP)是最常见的、发病率最高的骨代谢疾病。据估计在美国、欧洲和日本有 75 0 0万人患此症 ,医疗费用高达2 30亿美元 ;在中国有 6 0 0 0~ 70 0 0万患者 ,每年医疗费用保守估计为 15 0亿元。OP主要临床表现为骨骼疼痛、发生骨折和身材变矮。其中危险最大的临床症状是髋部骨折 ,死亡率 10 %~2 0 %,余下的 5 0 %将终生残疾。目前国际上接受了在哥本哈根 (1990 )及香港 (1993)召开的二次国际研讨会上所提出的有关 OP的定义。 OP是以低骨量及骨微结构退行性变化为特征的一种全身性骨骼疾病 ,伴有脆性增加 ,容易发生骨折 (包括具… 相似文献
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骨质疏松(osteoporosis,OP)是一种以骨质减少,骨的微观结构退化为特征,致使骨的脆性增加以及易于发生骨折的一种全身性骨骼疾病。OP好发于65岁以上老年人群, 相似文献
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ERCP and MRCP--when and why 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Since the introduction of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in the 1970s, gastroenterologists have a wide spectrum of diagnostic and therapeutic options in the biliopancreatic ductal system at their disposal. With its arrival in the 1990s, magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) developed as a potent diagnostic tool in biliopancreatic pathology. Currently, MRCP is widely replacing diagnostic ERCP and thereby avoiding complications related to endoscopic technique.We summarize evidence-based data and demonstrate indications and differential indications for MRCP and ERCP in pancreatic disease. Complications related to the procedures and possible medical prevention are discussed. The feasibility of interventional endoscopy in pancreatic disease is reported in detail. The role of gastroenterologists in performing MRCP is outlined on the basis of practical examples. 相似文献
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Symposium presentations have focused on the elegant molecular science and the biologic mechanisms by which micronutrients play critical roles in cellular and humoral immune responses, cellular signaling and function, and even in the evolution of microbial virulence. The concluding session examined the practical issues of how best to evaluate the nutritionally at-risk host, especially in the areas of greatest need-an analytical model of nutrient-immune interactions, implications of nutritional modulation of the immune response for disease, and the implications for international research and child health. This overview illustrated how malnutrition may be a major consequence of early childhood diarrhea and enteric infections, as enteric infections may critically impair intestinal absorptive function with potential long-term consequences for growth and development. The potentially huge, largely undefined DALY (disability-adjusted life years) impact of early childhood diarrheal illnesses demonstrates the importance of quantifying the long-term functional impact of largely preventable nutritional and infectious diseases, especially in children in developing areas. 相似文献