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1.
周细胞位于脑毛细血管内皮细胞、星形胶质细胞和神经元之间,具有维持血脑屏障完整性、调节脑血流量等多种功能。周细胞丢失可导致脑微循环功能障碍和血脑屏障破坏等病理过程,并与多种疾病有关,但目前其与脑小血管病的相关性研究较少。文章主要对周细胞在脑小血管病发病机制中的作用进行了综述。  相似文献   

2.
研究显示,炎症参与了脑小血管病(cerebral small vessel disease,CSVD)的早期发病过程,并且在疾病进展中起重要推动作用.文章就炎症在CSVD中的可能作用机制进行了综述.  相似文献   

3.
脑小血管病(cerebral small vessel disease,CSVD)是一组累及小动脉、微动脉、小静脉、微静脉及毛细血管的小血管病变,影像学表现为腔隙性梗死、脑微出血、脑白质病变、血管周围间隙扩大等.近年来,CSVD发病率日益增高,给家庭和社会带来不同程度的经济负担,成为目前的研究热点.血脑屏障(blood-brain barrier,BBB)通透性改变是CSVD发病的主要原因,文章对BBB完整性与CSVD的关系进行综述.  相似文献   

4.
脑小血管病(cerebral small vessel disease,CSVD)是老年人群功能丧失、残疾和认知损害的重要原因,皮质下CSVD可导致腔隙性梗死和进展性脑白质损害.CSVD性认知功能障碍是血管性认知损害(vascular cognitive impairment,VCI)的重要亚型,其所致的痴呆约占血管性痴呆的36%~67%.随着技术的发展,神经影像学及其相关标志物已成为诊断CSVD及认知损害的有力手段,在脑认知学相关领域内也可探寻到CSVD发病机制的线索.神经影像学血管性改变报道标准(STandards for ReportIng Vascular changes on nEuroimaging,STRIVE)确立了代表CSVD的6种关键性损伤的神经影像学标志物,包括近期皮质下小梗死、假定血管源性的腔隙灶、假定血管源性的白质高信号、血管周围间隙、脑微出血和脑萎缩.文章对CSVD所致VCI与影像学特征的相关性进行综述.  相似文献   

5.
脑小血管病(cerebral small vessel disease,CSVD)是指脑穿支小动脉、毛细血管和小静脉的各种病变导致的临床、认知和病理表现的综合征.CSVD不仅是卒中的主要原因,而且也可导致认知损害和痴呆.大量研究证实,内皮功能障碍在CSVD的发病机制中起着重要作用.文章就内皮功能障碍与CSVD的关系进行了综述,以期对CSVD的病因、发病机制和临床防治提供新的思路.  相似文献   

6.
脑小血管病很常见并逐渐被认识,但在体内很难直接观察.视网膜血管与脑小血管具有相似的解剖学、生理学和胚胎学特征,其改变可能在一定程度上能反映脑小血管改变.近年来的研究显示,视网膜血管异常与腔隙性梗死和脑白质病变相关.文章对视网膜血管异常与脑小血管病相关性的研究证据进行了总结.  相似文献   

7.
脑小血管病(cerebral small vessel disease,CSVD)是指各种病因所致的影响脑组织微动脉、小动脉、小静脉和毛细血管的一组病理学过程.炎症和血管内皮功能障碍在导致CSVD相关性改变的机制中可能发挥重要作用,相关领域的研究有望成为深入了解CSVD的重要手段.CSVD导致脑组织功能障碍的驱动因素以及血管病变和原发性神经变性改变在导致CSVD过程中所起的相对作用尚不清楚.反映中枢神经系统变性病变和血管病变过程的脑脊液成分检查可提供重要信息.相关生化改变可能成为CSVD的早期识别指标,同时可增进对其特征性机制的了解.此外,CSVD特异性生物学标志物还能在监测治疗效果方面发挥重要作用.  相似文献   

8.
脑小血管病是指颅内小血管病变引起的缺血性或出血性疾病.虽然人们对其发病机制进行了大量研究,但目前仍不明确.文章从内皮功能障碍、血脑屏障受损、缺血和低灌注、淀粉样物质沉积和遗传因素等方面对脑小血管病的发病机制进行了综述.  相似文献   

9.
目的 通过观察己酮可可碱对脑小血管病(CSVD)模型大鼠突触可塑性恢复以及神经血管单元的保护作用,探讨其治疗CSVD的可能病理机制。方法 选取成年雄性SD大鼠36只随机分为对照组、模型组、药物组,每组12只。药物组腹腔注射己酮可可碱注射液100 mg/(kg·d)。通过Western Blot实验检测突触相关蛋白突触后致密蛋白95(PSD95)、突触素、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、神经元核抗原(NeuN)、胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)、紧密连接蛋白5(claudin5)蛋白表达。结果 与对照组比较,模型组术后3、7 d逃避潜伏期明显延长,穿过平台次数、新物体识别指数、神经元树突棘密度、树突全长明显减少,脑组织VEGF、GFAP表达明显增加,NeuN、claudin5、PSD95、突触素表达明显减少(P<0.05,P<0.01)。与模型组比较,药物组大鼠术后3、7 d逃避潜伏期缩短[(16.85±3.36)s vs(28.06±2.43)s,P<0.05;(13.06±2.32)s vs(49.85±5.56)s,P<0.01],药物组术后穿过平台次数、新物体识...  相似文献   

10.
11.
目的:探讨D型人格与脑小血管病(cerebral small vessel disease, CSVD)患者脑白质高信号(white matter hyperintensities, WMHs)严重程度的相关性。方法:前瞻性连续纳入2020年11月至2021年6月期间在常州市第一人民医院住院的CSVD患者。在入院时对患...  相似文献   

12.
脑小血管病(cerebral small vessel disease,SVD)是脑血管病的一个重要亚型,也是导致老年血管性认知障碍或痴呆的主要原因之一。SVD是由多种原因导致的脑皮质下微小动静脉病变,主要引起皮质下腔隙性梗死、白质损害、微出血等病理学改变。有证据表明,血管内皮功能和血脑屏障损害可导致小血管结构和血管周围改变,可能是引起SVD的初始因素。遗传易感性亦是不可忽视的危险因素之一。  相似文献   

13.

Background and aims

Dyslipidemia predicts higher risk of coronary events and stroke and might be associated with cerebral small vessel disease (SVD). Previous studies linking blood lipids and SVD have yielded inconsistent results, which may be attributable to sex differences in lipids metabolism. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between blood lipids and SVD in neurologically healthy men and women.

Methods and results

Consecutive 817 people aged 50 years or more were enrolled and underwent magnetic resonance imaging scans to evaluate the periventricular white matter lesions (PVWMLs), deep white matter lesions (DWMLs) and silent brain infarction (SBI). Fasting total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein A-1 (apoA-1) and apolipoprotein B were assessed. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the associations of blood lipids with PVWMLs, DWMLs and SBI. HDL-C (for PVWMLs: OR 0.36, 95% CI 0.19–0.71; for DWMLs: OR 0.35, 95% CI 0.20–0.63) and apoA-1 (for PVWMLs: OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.11–0.66; for DWMLs: OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.10–0.48) were inversely associated with the severity of PVWMLs and DWMLs in women but not in men after adjustment for age, hypertension, diabetes, current smoking, daily drinking, body mass index and uric acid. Additionally, no blood lipids were significantly associated with SBI.

Conclusions

Our findings demonstrate that sex differences may exist in the associations between lipids and SVD. HDL-C and apoA-1 levels were inversely associated with the severity of PVWMLs and DWMLs in women.  相似文献   

14.
Background:Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a common neurological disease under the effect of multiple factors. Although some literature analyzes and summarizes the risk factors of CSVD, the conclusions are controversial. To determine the risk factors of CSVD, we conducted this meta-analysis.Methods:Five authoritative databases of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, and Wan Fang were searched to find related studies published before November 30, 2020. The literature was screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. We used RevMan 5.4 software to analyze the data after extraction.Results:A total of 29 studies involving 16,587 participants were included. The meta-analysis showed that hypertension (odds ratio [OR] 3.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.22-4.49), diabetes (OR 2.15, 95% CI 1.59-2.90), hyperlipidemia (OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.11-2.40), smoking (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.15-1.89) were significantly related to the risk of lacune, while drinking (OR 1.03, 95% CI 0.87-1.23) was not. And hypertension (OR 3.31, 95% CI 2.65-4.14), diabetes (OR 1.66, 95% CI 2.65-1.84), hyperlipidemia (OR 1.88, 95% CI 1.08-3.25), smoking (OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.07-2.04) were significantly related to the risk of white matter hyperintensity, while drinking (OR 1.41, 95% CI 0.97-2.05) was not.Conclusions:This study suggested that hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and smoking are risk factors of CSVD, and we should take measures to control these risk factors for the purpose of preventing CSVD.  相似文献   

15.
目的:研究老年人群无症状脑小血管病(CSVD)的发生率、影像学特征及其影响因素。方法:选取2019年10月至2020年8月在我院老年医学部门诊体检、既往无神经系统疾病病史的老年人共201例,完善头颅磁共振成像(MRI)检查。采用脑小血管病总负担评分对腔隙灶、脑白质病变、脑微出血及血管周围间隙扩大共4种CSVD影像学特征...  相似文献   

16.
目的 探讨慢性肾脏病(CKD)与脑小血管病(SVD)患者磁共振弥散张量成像(DTI)的关系。方法 选取2012年10月至2014年5月南京医科大学附属南京医院神经内科诊治的54例SVD患者,根据肾小球滤过率(GFR)将患者分为CKD组(17例)和非CKD组(37例)。行常规磁共振成像(MRI)和DTI检查,观察感兴趣区部分各向异性(FA)及表观扩散系数(ADC)的变化,分析FA、ADC值与GFR的相关性。结果 与非CKD组比较,CKD组双侧半卵圆中心、丘脑和右侧额叶FA值明显降低(P<0.05);CKD组双侧半卵圆中心、右侧额叶ADC值明显升高(P<0.05)。Pearson相关分析示,双侧半卵圆中心及左侧丘脑FA值与GFR呈正相关(r=0.591,P=0.000;r=0.544,P=0.000;r=0.282,P=0.039);双侧半卵圆中心ADC值与GFR呈负相关(r=-0.490,P=0.000;r=-0.405, P=0.002)。结论 DTI能更敏感地发现SVD患者脑微观结构的变化,DTI与GFR有密切的关系,能为评价CKD并发SVD提供研究工具。  相似文献   

17.
Diabetes patients have more than double the risk of ischemic stroke compared with non‐diabetic individuals, and its neuroimaging characteristics have important clinical implications. To understand the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke in diabetes, it is important to focus not only on the stroke subtype, but also on the size and location of the occlusive vessels. Specifically, ischemic stroke in diabetes patients might be attributed to both large and small vessels, and intracranial internal carotid artery disease and small infarcts of the posterior circulation often occur. An additional feature is that asymptomatic lacunar infarctions are often seen in the basal ganglia and brain stem on brain magnetic resonance imaging. In particular, cerebral small vessel disease (SVD), including lacunar infarctions, white matter lesions and cerebral microbleeds, has been shown to be associated not only with stroke incidence, but also with the development and progression of dementia and diabetic microangiopathy. However, the pathogenesis of cerebral SVD is not fully understood. In addition, data on the association between neuroimaging findings of the cerebral SVD and diabetes are limited. Recently, the clinical importance of the link between cerebral SVD and retinal microvascular abnormalities has been a topic of considerable interest. Several clinical studies have shown that retinal microvascular abnormalities are closely related to cerebral SVD, suggesting that retinal microvascular abnormalities might be pathophysiologically linked to ischemic cerebral SVD. We review the literature relating to the pathophysiology and neuroimaging of cerebrovascular disease in diabetes, and discuss the problems based on the concept of cerebral large and small vessel disease.  相似文献   

18.
目的分析认知负荷对老年脑小血管病(cerebral small vessel disease,CSVD)患者书写及绘画流畅性的影响。方法选择2018年11月~2019年5月解放军总医院第七医学中心神经内科就诊的脑白质损害患者59例(CSVD组),同期选择本院年龄、性别相匹配的健康体检者42例(对照组)。应用蓝牙智能笔对受试者进行书写及绘画测试的双重任务,第1任务为书写及绘画测试,第2任务为听辨的认知测试,分别进行单独任务、双重任务及双重任务成本(dual task cost,DTC)测试。结果 CSVD组双重任务书写时间较单独任务书写时间明显延长[(53.76±11.25)s vs(40.29±8.83)s,P<0.01]。CSVS组双重任务书写时间较对照组明显延长[(53.76±11.25)s vs(41.21±8.60)s,P<0.01]。CSVD组双重任务书写听辨和绘画听辨正确个数较单独听辨正确个数明显减少[(12.31±2.36)个vs(13.31±2.61)个,P<0.05;(10.98±1.81)个vs(13.31±2.61)个,P<0.01]。CSVD组双重任务书写听辨和绘画听辨正确个数较对照组明显减少[(12.31±2.36)个vs(13.52±2.97)个,P<0.05;(10.98±1.81)个vs(13.29±3.16)个,P<0.01]。CSVD组双重任务书写时间DTC和绘画听辨正确个数DTC较对照组明显增多,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论认知负荷下,老年CSVD患者书写流畅性易受到影响。双重任务条件下,更易发现老年CSVD患者上肢运动功能障碍。  相似文献   

19.
目的应用磁共振波谱(MRS)与磁共振弥散张量成像(DTI),分析脑白质小血管缺血性病变的微观改变。方法选取发生在半卵圆中心、放射冠区的脑白质小血管缺血性病变患者作为研究对象,其中急性腔隙性梗死组(腔梗组)病灶12例,缺血性脑白质疏松组(疏松组)病灶20例,并设置15例正常志愿者作为对照组,行半卵圆中心、放射冠区T1WI、T2WI、T2FLAIR、DWI、MRS、DTI扫描。测量N-乙酰天门冬氨酸(NAA)、胆碱(Cho)、肌酸(Cr)值,测量平均弥散系数(MD)值,各向异性分数(FA)值。比较各组间的差异。结果与对照组比较,腔梗组与疏松组NAA、FA值均显著降低(P〈0.01),腔梗组与疏松组之间,NAA、FA值没有明显差异(P〉0.05)。结论在脑白质小血管缺血性病变中,NAA、FA值显著降低,共同反映了神经轴突髓鞘结构和功能的损伤、破坏;联合应用MRS、DTI分析评价脑白质小血管缺血性病变,将有助于全面认识其发病机制及病理改变。  相似文献   

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