潮阳县地方性氟中毒流行病学调查

本文报告了潮阳县地方性氟中毒的流行范围、强度和流行因素。全县有地氟病区78个,分布于13个镇62个乡。其中重病区21个,中病区23个,轻病区34个,病区总人口238410人,占全县总人口13.4％。长期饮用高氟深层地下水和温泉水是地氟病发病的主要原因。病区均属水型病区。氟斑牙、氟骨症患病率男女无明显差异,与水氟含量呈等级正相关。氟骨症患病率随年龄增大而增高,病情随水氟含量增高而加重。居住年限越长,发病越多。本文还对本病防治对策进行了讨论。     

AN EARLY CASE OF KALA-AZAR, POSSIBLY AN ORAL INFECTION IN THE LABORATORY

The successful feeding experiments of different investigators sucli as Archibald (1), Cornwall and LaFrenais (2), Shortt, Craighead, Smith, and Swaninath (3, 4) and Khaw (5) have demonstrated beyond doubt the possibility of oral infection in experimental kala-azar. These experiments naturally lend support to the hypothesis that human kala-azar may follow oral infection although further proof is required to decide whether or not in nature such a mode of infection is actually important. Human cases of kala-azar contracted by the oral route have not been reported hitherto. I venture to report the following suggestive case firstly because it seems of sufficient interest to put on record, and secondly because I wish to invite more attention to the question of oral infection.     

辽宁省地方性氟中毒流行病学调查

我们从1980到1983年对辽宁省进行了地方性氟中毒流行病学调查。辽宁省有饮水型和燃煤污染型两类地方性氟中毒病区。饮水氟含量在1.1～17.0mg/L之间的高氟区,有人口837 795人,氟中毒病人数395 880人,分布于40个县区,2428个村。重病区在辽东和辽西山地间的辽河平原(新民、法库、彰武和康平)地区、辽西的北部(建平、北票和阜新)地区以及温泉区。干旱气候区浅层潜水型病区分布在中长铁路以西地区,深层地下水型病区在锦县、盘山等渤海湾沿岸区。全省48个温泉中有34个是病区。燃煤污染型病区分布在本溪县。     

MORPHOLiOGIC STUDIES OF THERAPEUTICALLY ABORTEtD FETUS THYROID IN AN ENDEMIC GOITER REGION OF GUIZHOU PROVINCE

In 30 therapeutically aborted fetuses at the intrauterine ages of the fourth to eighth month from an endemic goiter region, the thyroid gland was examined morphologically. Fetal and ma- ternal serum T3, T4 and TS.H were assayed. The results were compared with the data of 20 0ther therapeutically aborted fetuses of the same in- trauterine ages from a nonendemic regiom 13 fetal goiter cases from the endemic region group were studied. The thyroids were markedly increased in weight and size and showed the following histologic features: Follicular hyper- plasia with high cuboidal or columnar epithelia lining acini containing little or no colloid; cel- lular hyperplasia with formation of solid cell masses; prominent hyperemia of perifollicular capillaries and presence of foci of enlarged fol- licles distended with colloid. Enlargement of the thyroid gland occurred early in fetal life. The cause of fetal goiter in this series was presum- ably iodine deficiency, as was true for endemic goiter in the same region. The morphogenesis of fetal goiter was presumed to be similar to that of acquired iodine deficiency goiter. Changes of the thyroid gland are apparently the result of increased serum TSH, a feedback stimulation of decreased serum T4 concentra- tion. The fact that the se'rum TSH was mark- edly elevated and T+ decreased in the goitrous fectuses of this series strongly supports this hypothesis.     

湖南省涟源市地方性氟中毒综合调查报告

对湖南省涟源市不同地方性氟中毒发病区的二个自然村的全体人群进行氟斑牙普查,部分人群进行骨X线、尿氟和发氟检查、并同时测定两村的空气、土壤、水和食物中的氟含量。结果提示,氟中毒高发区的唐家村属显著流行区,其主要氟源是土壤。     

中心静脉压评价左心室功能价值的探讨

本文采用微导管法在20例受试者中监测了中心静脉压,观察其与左心室功能——心指数、每搏功、射血分数之间的相关关系.结果表明,在心肌缺血、心脏效能降低时,中心静脉压与左心室功能之间无相关关系.     

广西肝癌高发区HBV、HCV感染及复制与HCC关系的配对病例-对照研究

目的 :探讨广西肝癌高发区 HBV、HCV单一或重叠感染及复制与原发性肝癌发生的关系。方法 :在肝癌高发区选择符合全国诊断标准的原发性肝癌病人 5 2例作为病例组 ,并选择相同乡镇、生活环境、生活习惯、生活水平、年龄± 5岁、同性别的原籍健康人群作为对照组 ,采用微板核酸杂交 - EL ISA法对研究对象血清中的 HBVDNA、HCVRNA及其 HCVRNA基因亚型I型、 型、 型、 型进行定性检测 ,并对两组的阳性率进行配对 χ2检验分析。结果 :肝癌组和对照组的 HBVDNA、HCVR-NA、HBVDNA+HCVRNA、HBVDNA+HCVRNA I型、HBVDNA+HCVRNA 型、HBVDNA+HCVRNA / 型、HB-VDNA +HCVRNA 型的阳性率分别为 78.8% (4 1 / 5 2 )、34.6 % (1 8/ 5 2 )、30 .8% (1 6 / 5 2 )、1 .9% (1 / 5 2 )、2 5 .0 % (1 3/ 5 2 )、1 .9%(1 / 5 2 )、1 .9% (1 / 5 2 )和 1 5 .4 % (8/ 5 2 )、7.7% (4 / 5 2 )、1 .9(1 / 5 2 )、0 .0 % (0 / 5 2 )、1 .9% (1 / 5 2 )、1 .9% (1 / 5 2 )、0 .0 % (0 / 5 2 ) ,其中HBVDNA、HCVRNA、HBVDNA+HCVRNA 型两组间的阳性率比较差异有统计学意义 (均 P <0 .0 0 5 )。结论 :HBV、HCV、HBV和 HCV的重叠感染及复制 ,尤其是 HBV与 HCV基因亚型 型的重叠感染及复制与广西肝癌高发区的肝癌发生有密切关系 ,其中 HBV     

NOTES ON THE CHINESE SPECIES OF GENUS PHLEBOTOMUS PART V. SOME ADDITIONAL RECORDS OF PHLEBOTOMUS FROM YUNNAN PROVINCE, SOUTH CHINA

Gaschen in 1934 reported the presence of P: barraudi (1), recumbent-haired species from Che-chuan（芷村） in the south of Yunnan. Since then, no further records have been added to the sandfly fauna in this province. In 1940 we were ab7e to secure sandfly specimens from two other localities in this province, namely, Mangshih（芒市） in the west and Kunming（昆明） in the east. In the former place a total of 208 sandflies was collected from the early part of July to the end of October. Of these, 203 were identified to be P. barraudi (155 ♂, 48♀) and 5 P. siantoni (2 ♂, 3 ♀), an erect- haired species. This combination of collection shows that P. barraudi was the predominant species in Mangshih in the period surveyed. In the latter district, three female specimens consisting of one found in June and two in July were collected and kindly sent to us by Mr. T. H. Shen, a former member of the staff of our department, for identification. Upon examination, all the three insects were found t。 belong to one species, namely, P. chinensis.     

THE OCCURRENCE OF CANINE LEISHMANIASIS IN KALA-AZAR VILLAGES IN THE SUBURBS OF PEIPING

The close relationship between canine and human kala-azar in Peiping has been shown in a previous communication (1). If one accepts the view that tFu: dog is the reservoir host of human kala-azar in North China, then one would expect to find canine leishmaniasis in all of the kala-azar villages. It is, therefore, important to determine the presence or absence of canine leishmaniasis in as many kala-azar villages as possible. Recently some observations of considerable in- terest concerning the occurrence of canine leishmaniasis in 3 kala-azar villages in the suburbs of Peiping have been made and are here recorded.     

贵州省东南部86例地方性克汀病患者智商探讨

本文报导86例地方性克汀病患者的智力状态,并与正常儿童及非病区聋哑儿童进行了比较。克汀病人年龄为7～25岁,智龄均小于或等于6岁;98.8%的病例 IQ 小于69;智力障碍的特征是方位观念、数概念、一般推理能力、知觉的灵敏性、抽象推理能力、数序知觉和记忆能力、学习能力和知觉辨别速度均明显落后于正常人。     

MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY NOTES ON SOME MOSQUITOES COJJLECTED FROM SHANTUNG PROVINCE, NORTH CHINA.

Christophers (1926) reported three species of Anopheles colIected by Prof. W. S. Patton from I"aian and Tsinan of Shantung. Hindle and Feng (1929) made experiments with the anopheline mosquitoes and malaria in Tsinan and found that both A. (M.) tattoni and A. (AJ hyrcanus var. sinensis are susceptible to the infection of P. viz)ax but the former is the more favourable host. Feng (1931) gave some further observations and records of the Anopheles in other parts of the province. Apart from the above there seems to be no other investigations of these insects in Shantung. .     

FURTHER OBSERVATIONS ON NEOSTIBOSAN IN THE TREATMENT OF KALA-AZAR IN CHINESE HAMSTERS WITH ESPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF IMMUNITY IN HAMSTERS CURED OF THE INFECTION

Ir] a previous communication (1) it was shown that Chinese hamsters infected with Leishmania donovani can be cured of the infection by neostibosan. FolIowing a total dose of 5 t0 7 gm per kilo body weight, all th~ 6 hamsters wliich had survived the course of treatment, showed no parasites in smears made from the liver and spleen either by puncture or at autopsy, and they were all aPParently cured. However, by emulsifying each spIeen and inoculating this emulsion into a number of normal hamsters, it was found that only 3 of the 6 apparently cured hamsters were actualN cured, as the spleen emulsion prepared from 3 0f them was still capable of causing kala- azar in normaI hamsters.     

地方性克汀病患者红细胞SOD和LPO的测定

作者测定了严重碘缺乏地区神经型克汀病患者的红细胞中的ＳＯＤ活性及ＬＰＯ含量。结果发现患者比正常人血中红细胞ＳＯＤ活性显著降低，ＬＰＯ含量明显升高，ＳＯＤ／ＬＰＯ比值下降。上述结果表明地方性克汀病的发病可能与自由基损伤作用有关。     

鄂西山区心包炎病因分析——附153例报告

本文对153例心包炎的病因进行了分析,探讨了心包炎在鄂西山区的病因分布特点及其发生规律,并指出虽然近来在心包炎病因发生上有些变化,但在山区最常见的病因仍然是结核性,其次为肺吸虫性和化脓性,同时对过去少有报道的肺吸虫性心包炎的临床特征作一简述。     

地方性甲状腺肿不同地区人群尿硫氰化物含量测定分析

通过对河北省低碘、适碘、高碘地甲肿病区人群尿硫氰化物(SCN)含量测定分析,表明:各类地甲肿病区人群尿SCN水平高于非病区,低碘地区人群尿SCN水平高于其他各类地区。结合流调资料分析:低碘、适碘地区地甲肿的发生与流行同硫氰化物有关;在低碘的食盐加碘病区、高碘病区,人群尿I/SCN比值不能很好地反映与地甲肿、地克病流行的关系。     

STUDIES ON THE CONTROL OF FECAL-BORNE DISEASES IN NORTH CHINA VI. THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF ASCARIS LUMBRICOIDES IN AN URBAN POPULATION*

In the previous papers of this series (Winfield 1937, 1937 a, 1937 b) the general plan of this investigation and the results of studies on the epidemiology of Ascaris lumbricoides in a rural population have been presented. It was shown that in spite of unfavorable climatic factors which tend to hold ascaris in check, conditions within the household of the rural family are such as to make it possible for fairly heavy infesta- tions to be built up in a large percentage of the population. It was cmphasized Lhat direct contamination of the environment and not vege- tables (Winfield and Yao, 1937) seems to be the critical factor. Since life habits and sanitary conditions are soffiewhat different in the city from those characteristic of the country the study of the operation of these factors under urban conditions may be expected to throw light on their relative importance. In this paper are presented the results of such studies.