地高辛加倍他乐克治疗充血性心衰伴快速房颤62例临床观察

目的　观察倍他乐克与地高辛联用在充血性心力衰竭 (CHF)伴快速房颤的疗效。方法　对照组 2 1例仅常规使用地高辛。治疗组 4 1例在地高辛治疗的基础上加用倍他乐克。观察心功能及心率变化。结果　治疗组与对照组比较心功能明显改善 ,P<0 .0 5 ;心率明显降低 ,P<0 .0 1。结论　倍他乐克与地高辛联用治疗 CHF伴快速房颤取得了较好的疗效。     

Tei指数评价卡维地洛治疗充血性心力衰竭患者左心室功能的变化

目的与传统评价心功能指标比较，探讨多普勒超声左心室Tei指数在评价充血性心力衰竭患者治疗前后心功能的临床意义。方法60例充血性心力衰竭患者随机分为卡维地洛组和对照组（各30例），治疗前和治疗后3、6个月时分别用彩色多普勒超声测量左心室Tei指数、左心室射血分数（EF）、二尖瓣血流频谱舒张早期和晚期血流峰值之比（E，A）、E峰减速时间（Dn、等容舒张时间0VRT）、肺静脉血流频谱收缩波和舒张波峰值之比（S／D）及反向波（ARW）。结果两组EF在治疗后3个月及6个月逐渐增大（P＜0．01～0．05），卡维地洛组EF在治疗后6个月较对照组同期增大（P＜0．05）。两组治疗后舒张功能指标E／A先减小后增大，DT、IVRT及ARW逐渐减小，S，D逐渐增大（P＜0．01～0．05），组间差异未见有统计学意义（P＞0．05）。两组Tei指数在治疗后逐渐减低，组内比较差异均有显著统计学意义（P＜0．01），卡维地洛组减低更明显，与对照组同期比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0．01～0．05）。结论Tei指数可简便、敏感地评价心脏的整体收缩舒张功能。充血性心力衰竭患者卡维地洛治疗后左心室功能得到改善。     

三维超声心动图对慢性肾脏疾病患者左心房容积和功能的评价

目的探究在评价慢性肾脏疾病(CKD)患者的左心房容积及功能中三维超声心动图(3DE)的应用价值。方法选择CKD 2~5期非透析慢性肾脏疾病患者101例,其中男性58例,女性43例;年龄20~65岁,平均年龄42.68岁。依据患者的肾小球滤过率(GFR)水平分为CKD 2~5组,其中CKD 2组(CKD 2期,GFR 60~89 mL/min)24例,CKD 3组(CKD 3期,GFR 30~59 m L/min)26例,CKD 4组(CKD 4期,GFR 15~29 mL/min)25例,CKD 5组(CKD 5期,GFR <15 mL/min)26例。同时另选择25例正常受试者作为对照组,其中男性15例,女性10例;年龄26~64岁,平均年龄43.85岁。对全容积3DE图像进行采集,采用软件脱机分析,收集左心房各3DE的容积参数,具体包括左心房前后径(LAD)、左心室舒张末期的前后径(LVIDd)、舒张末期的室间隔厚度(LAVImax)、收缩前容积指数(LAVIp)和最小容积指数(LAVImin),并计算左心房总排空指数(LAVItotal)、主动排空指数(LAVIact)、被动排空指数(LAVIpass)、主动排空分数(LAAEF)、被动排空分数(LAPEF)、总排空分数(LATEF),对比各组间不同参数的差异情况。结果左心房储备功能3DE容积参数比较:CKD各组LAVImax、LAVIp与对照组相比明显增高,且CKD 4组和CKD 5组增高更明显(P <0.05)。CKD 4组和CKD 5组LAVImin与对照组、CKD 2组和CKD 3组相比明显增高(P <0.05)。CKD 4组和CKD 5组LAVItotal、LATEF与对照组相比有明显增高(P <0.05)。左心房管道功能3DE容积参数比较:CKD各组LAPEF与对照组相比有明显降低,其中CKD 5组降低更明显(P <0.05)。左心房助力泵功能3DE容积参数比较:CKD各组LAVIact与对照组相比明显降低,其中CKD 5组降低更明显(P <0.05)。结论 CKD各期患者左心房储备、助力泵功能和容积指数均有明显增加,同时左心房的管道功能明显下降。3DE对早期评估CKD患者左心房容积与功能有着重要价值。     

慢性心力衰竭患者左心房功能和不同步性的初步研究

目的运用实时三维超声心动图(RT-3DE)技术定量评价慢性心力衰竭患者左心房容积和功能,并对其不同步性作初步研究。方法选择30例健康受试者和32例慢性心力衰竭患者,分为对照组和心力衰竭组。心力衰竭组:男性18例,女性14例;年龄42~65岁,平均年龄58岁。对照组:男性17例,女性13例;年龄45~60岁,平均年龄54岁。用RT-3DE进行左心房时间-容积曲线分析,获取容积指标:最大容积(LAVmax)、最小容积(LAVmin)、主动收缩前容积(LAVp),计算左心房总射血分数(LATEF)、被动射血分数(LAPEF)及主动射血分数(LAAEF)。同时获得左心房不同步性参数:达最小容积时间标准差Tmsv-16-SD、Tmsv-12-SD、Tmsv-6-SD和最大时间差Tmsv-16-Dif、Tmsv-12-Dif、Tmsv-6-Dif。容积指标用体表面积进行标化,时间参数用R-R间期校正。并分析校正后的不同步性指标Tmsv-16-SD%、Tmsv-16-Dif%与容积指数LAVmaxI等的相关性。结果①各容积指标校正前后,心力衰竭患者左心房容积均增大,左心房射血分数LATEF、LAPEF和LAAEF均减小,差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。②不同步性指标Tmsv-16-SD%、Tmsv-16-Dif%等在心力衰竭组增大,差异均有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。③Tmsv-16-SD%、Tmsv-16-Dif%与各容积指数呈正相关关系,与各射血分数呈负相关关系,其中与LAVmaxI相关性最强,r分别为0.73、0.75(均为P<0.01)。结论慢性心力衰竭患者左心房功能减低,存在着不同步性。RT-3DE可以较好地评价左心房功能和不同步性。     

P-wave dispersion for predicting paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in acute ischemic stroke

Background: Detection of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) in acute ischemic stroke patients poses diagnostic challenge. The aim of this study was to predict the presence of PAF by means of 12-lead ECG in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Our hypothesis was that P-wave dispersion (P_d) might be a useful marker in predicting PAF in patients with acute ischemic stroke.Methods: 12-lead resting ECGs, 24-hour Holter recordings and echocardiograms of 400 patients were analyzed retrospectively. PAF was detected in 40 patients on 24-hour Holter monitoring. Forty out of 360 age and gender matched patients without PAF were randomly chosen and assigned as the control group. Demographics, P-wave characteristics and echocardiographic findings of the patients with and without PAF were compared.Results: Maximum P-wave duration (p=0.002), P_d (p<0.001) and left atrium diameter (p=0.04) were significantly higher in patients with PAF when compared to patients without PAF. However, in binary logistic regression analysis P_d was the only independent predictor of PAF. The cut-off value of P_d for the detection of PAF was 57.5 milliseconds (msc). Area under the curve was 0.80 (p<0.001). On a single 12-lead ECG, a value higher than 57.5 msc predicted the presence of PAF with a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 73%.Conclusion: P_d on a single 12-lead ECG obtained within 24 hours of an acute ischemic stroke might help to predict PAF and reduce the risk of recurrent strokes.     

真武汤加味对冠心病心力衰竭患者左心功能的影响

目的：评价真武汤加味对冠心病心力衰竭患者左心功能的影响。方法：100例冠心病心力衰竭患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,各50例。对照组用西医常规药物治疗,治疗组用西医常规药物加真武汤加味治疗,于入院当天和入院第90天行二维超声心动图测量,计算左心室舒张末内径、左心室收缩末内径和左室射血分数,并抽血检查血浆N端脑钠肽前体水平的变化。结果：与治疗前比较,两组的左心室舒张和收缩末内径均显著缩小（均P〈0．01）,左心室射血分数均明显增加（均P〈0．01）,血浆N端脑钠肽前体水平均显著降低（均P〈0．01）,用药后治疗组各指标改善明显优于对照组（均P〈0．011。结论：西医常规药物加真武汤加味治疗可以显著改善冠心病心力衰竭患者的左心功能和心室重构。     

Coping and mortality among patients with congestive heart failure

This study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of different coping styles on mortality risk among patients with symptomatic congestive heart failure (CHF). Proportional hazard models were used to evaluate the effects of different coping styles on mortality among 119 clinically stable patients (71.4% men, mean age 65.7 ± 9.6 years), recruited from an outpatient cardiology practice. Twenty deaths were registered during the 24-month period of data collection, all from cardiac causes. The findings showed that behavioral disengagement was a significant predictor of mortality with a hazard ratio of 1.64 (p ≤ .049), whereas acceptance of the CHF condition showed a marginally significant association with mortality (hazard ratio .64; p ≤ .09). The results suggest that behavioral disengagement in relation to coping with disease-related strain is a significant predictor of mortality among heart failure patients. This finding is of concern to clinicians and should have implications for treatment of patients with CHF. Given the link between behavioral disengagement and mortality demonstrated in this study, it is important to explore ways in which counseling in active coping skills might help patients who behaviorally disengage to manage their disease and thereby increase their longevity.     

Diabetes mellitus and congestive heart failure: the prevalence of congestive heart failure in patients with and without diabetes in Poland

IntroductionDiabetes mellitus is a systemic disease and has a negative effect on the cardiovascular system. This paper aimed to present a retrospective analysis of morbidity associated with heart failure in subgroups of patients with and without diabetes in Poland in 2012.Material and methodsData from the National Health Fund were used for the study. In general, 656,937 patients with heart failure, including 281,538 males and 375,354 females, were studied. In this population, additionally, 201,043 patients with heart failure (main diagnosis) and diabetes were studied, including 82,117 males and 118,926 females.ResultsThe mean index of morbidity associated with heart failure in the whole subpopulation of diabetes patients was 9.03%; 8.42% for males and 9.50% for females. Morbidity associated with heart failure in the population of patients diagnosed with diabetes in Poland in 2012 was seven times higher compared to morbidity associated with heart failure in non-diabetes patients. Morbidity associated with heart failure in females was significantly higher compared to morbidity in males in the whole population, in both the subpopulations of patients with and without diabetes.ConclusionsDiabetes mellitus significantly increases risk of heart failure in both women and men. The risk is significantly high after the age of 60 years and higher in females.     

心力衰竭患者心肌组织ACE2表达与心功能的关系

目的观察心力衰竭(简称心衰)患者不同心功能状态下血管紧张素转换酶2(ACE2)基因和蛋白表达变化,探讨其与心衰患者心功能的关系。方法通过手术取材,采用RT-PCR和W estern B lot技术检测30例瓣膜病所致不同程度心衰患者和5例正常人心肌组织中ACE2 mRNA和蛋白表达。结果瓣膜病所致心衰患者心肌组织ACE2 mRNA和蛋白表达均较正常组明显升高(P<0.01),其中中重度心衰患者升高尤为显著(P<0.01)。结论心衰患者心肌组织ACE2基因和蛋白表达明显增强,这可能是心脏的代偿机制,促进ANG II降解,增加ANG1-7合成,保护残存的心功能。     

Dependence of P-wave dispersion on mean arterial pressure as an independent hemodynamic variable in school children

Introduction:

The relationship between diastolic dysfunction and P-wave dispersion (PWD) in the electrocardiogram has been studied for some time. In this regard, echocardiography is emerging as a diagnostic tool to improve risk stratification for mild hypertension.

Objective:

To determine the dependence of PWD on the electrocardiogram and on echocardiographic variables in a pediatric population.

Methods:

515 children from three elementary schools were studied from a total of 565 children. Those whose parents did not want them to take part in the study, as well as those with known congenital diseases, were excluded. Tests including 12-lead surface ECGs and 4 blood pressure (BP) measurements were performed. Maximum and minimum P-values were measured, and the PWD on the electrocardiogram was calculated. Echocardiography for structural measurements and the pulsed Doppler of mitral flow were also performed.

Results:

A significant correlation in statistical variables was found between PWD and mean BP for pre-hypertensive and hypertensive children, i.e., r = 0.32, p <0.01 and r = 0.33, p <0.01, respectively. There was a significant correlation found between PWD and the left atrial area (r = 0.45 and p <0.01).

Conclusions:

We highlight the dependency between PWD, the electrocardiogram and mean blood pressure. We also draw attention to the dependence of PWD on the duration of the mitral inflow A-wave. This result provides an explanation for earlier changes in atrial electrophysiological and hemodynamic characteristics in pediatric patients.     

Evaluation of QT and P wave dispersion and mean platelet volume among inflammatory bowel disease patients

Background: In inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) number of thromboembolic events are increased due to hypercoagulupathy and platelet activation. Increases in mean platelet volume (MPV) can lead to platelet activation, this leads to thromboembolic events and can cause acute coronary syndromes. In IBD patients, QT-dispersion and P-wave dispersion are predictors of ventricular arrhythmias and atrial fibrilation; MPV is accepted as a risk factor for acute coronary syndromes, we aimed at evaluating the correlations of these with the duration of disease, its localization and activity.Methods: The study group consisted of 69 IBD (Ulcerative colitis n: 54, Crohn''s Disease n:15) patients and the control group included 38 healthy individuals. Disease activity was evaluated both endoscopically and clinically. Patients with existing cardiac conditions, those using QT prolonging medications and having systemic diseases, anemia and electrolyte imbalances were excluded from the study. QT-dispersion, P-wave dispersion and MPV values of both groups were compared with disease activity, its localization, duration of disease and the antibiotics used.Results: The P-wave dispersion values of the study group were significantly higher than those of the control group. Duration of the disease was not associated with QT-dispersion, and MPV levels. QT-dispersion, P-wave dispersion, MPV and platelet count levels were similar between the active and in mild ulcerative colitis patients. QT-dispersion levels were similar between IBD patients and the control group. No difference was observed between P-wave dispersion, QT-dispersion and MPV values; with regards to disease duration, disease activity, and localization in the study group (p>0.05).Conclusions: P-wave dispersion which is accepted as a risk factor for the development of atrial fibirilation was found to be high in our IBD patients. This demonstrates us that the risk of developing atrial fibrillation may be high in patients with IBD. No significant difference was found in the QT-dispersion, and in the MPV values when compared to the control group.     

粘附分子与充血性心力衰竭

本文综述了粘附分子的种类和生物学特征及在充血性心力衰竭时的变化,提示粘附分子对充血性心力衰竭的病程进展具有重要意义.     

Different effect of exercise on left ventricular diastolic time and interventricular dyssynchrony in heart failure patients with and without left bundle branch block

Background: In patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDCM) a prolongation of left ventricular (LV) systole at the expense of diastolic time was demonstrated. Our study was aimed to evaluate the effect of exercise on heart rate corrected diastolic time in controls, IDCM with and without LBBB, and patients with LBBB and normal LV function.     

家庭无创正压通气在慢性左室心力衰竭中的疗效

目的:探讨家庭无创正压通气在慢性左室心力衰竭中的治疗作用.方法:选择2016年1月至12月于保定市第一医院就诊的51例慢性左室心力衰竭患者进行观察,根据患者是否同意使用呼吸机分为两组:对照组给予常规抗心力衰竭治疗,治疗组给予常规抗心力衰竭和家庭无创正压通气治疗,治疗1年后观察两组临床症状、动脉血氧分压(arterial partial pressure of oxygen,PaO2)、6分钟步行试验(6-minute walking test,6MWT)、脑钠肽(brain natriuretic peptide,BNP)水平、左室射血分数(left ventricular ejection fraction,LVEF).结果:治疗1年后,治疗组临床症状、PO2、6MWT、BNP水平、LVEF均有显著改善,明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:家庭无创正压通气有助于改善慢性左室心力衰竭患者的心功能,维持心功能的稳定,提高患者生活质量.     

不同左心室舒张末压慢性射血分数保留性心力衰竭患者超声心动图参数差异分析

目的:研究不同左心室舒张末压（LVEDP）慢性射血分数保留性心力衰竭（HFpEF）患者超声心动图参数变化情况,进一步探讨不同测量方法预测LVEDP升高的效能。方法:纳入2018年7月至2020年4月收治的96例HFpEF患者为研究对象,均接受左心导管检查,于舒张末期测量LVEDP。按照LVEDP实时测值,将入选患者分为A组（35例,LVEDP正常,实时测值≤15 mmHg）和B组（61例,LVEDP升高,实时测值>15 mmHg）。比较两组超声心动图参数差异,包括左心室射血分数（LVEF）、左心房容积指数（LAVI）、三尖瓣反流最大流速（TRmax）、二尖瓣口舒张早期血流速度（E）/二尖瓣口舒张晚期血流速度（A）、E峰减速时间（DT）、A峰持续时间（A-dur）、肺静脉收缩期S波流速（PVs）、舒张早期D波流速（PVd）、PVs/PVd、心房收缩期肺静脉逆向A波流速（PVa）、心房收缩期肺静脉逆向A波血流时间（Pva-dur）、心房收缩期肺静脉逆向血流时间与二尖瓣心房收缩期血流时间的差值（PvaD-AD）、二尖瓣环舒张早期平均运动速度（e）、二尖瓣环侧壁舒张早期运动速度（elat）、二尖瓣环间隔处舒张早期运动速度（esep）、E/e、E/elat、E/esep。将超声心动图中有统计学意义的参数按测量方法的不同分为LAVI、频谱多普勒相关参数（TRmax、PVa、Pva-dur、PvaD-AD）及组织多普勒相关参数（e、elat、esep、E/e、E/elat、E/esep）3个组。采用受试者工作特性曲线（ROC）对比分析这3组参数独立预测LVEDP升高的效能,且进一步对比分析LAVI联合频谱多普勒相关参数及LAVI联合频谱多普勒相关参数预测LVEDP升高的敏感度和特异度。结果:A组LAVI、TRmax、PVa、Pva-dur、PvaD-AD、E/e、E/elat、E/esep显著低于B组（P<0.05）,e、elat、esep显著高于B组（P<0.05）,LVEF、E/A、DT、A-dur、PVs、PVd、PVs/PVd与B组比较差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。经ROC曲线分析,预测LVEDP升高的效能最高的是频谱多普勒相关参数（TRmax、PVa、Pva-dur、PvaD-AD）诊断,其次是组织多普勒相关参数（e、elat、esep、E/e、E/elat、E/esep）,最后是LAVI。对比LAVI与频谱多普勒各参数联合诊断及LAVI与组织多普勒各参数联合诊断,以LAVI与频谱多普勒各参数联合诊断LVEDP升高的效能更高。结论:超声心动图多参数的综合应用对HFpEF患者LVEDP升高具有一定预测效能。     

Early experience using a left atrial appendage occlusion device in patients with atrial fibrillation

Purpose

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the major risk factors for ischemic stroke, and 90% of thromboembolisms in these patients arise from the left atrial appendage (LAA). Recently, it has been documented that an LAA occlusion device (OD) is not inferior to warfarin therapy, and that it reduces mortality and risk of stroke in patients with AF.

Materials and Methods

We implanted LAA-ODs in 5 Korean patients (all male, 59.8±7.3 years old) with long-standing persistent AF or permanent AF via a percutaneous trans-septal approach.

Results

1) The major reasons for LAA-OD implantation were high risk of recurrent stroke (80%), labile international neutralizing ratio with hemorrhage (60%), and 3/5 (60%) patients had a past history of failed cardioversion for rhythm control. 2) The mean LA size was 51.3±5.0 mm and LAA size was 25.1×30.1 mm. We implanted the LAA-OD (28.8±3.4 mm device) successfully in all 5 patients with no complications. 3) After eight weeks of anticoagulation, all patients switched from warfarin to anti-platelet agent after confirmation of successful LAA occlusion by trans-esophageal echocardiography.

Conclusion

We report on our early experience with LAA-OD deployment in patients with 1) persistent or permanent AF who cannot tolerate anticoagulation despite significant risk of ischemic stroke, or 2) recurrent stroke in patients who are unable to maintain sinus rhythm.     

Pathophysiology and potential treatments of pulmonary hypertension due to systolic left heart failure

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) due to left heart failure is becoming increasingly prevalent and is associated with poor outcome. The precise pathophysiological mechanisms behind PH due to left heart failure are, however, still unclear. In its early course, PH is caused by increased left ventricular filling pressures, without pulmonary vessel abnormalities. Conventional treatment for heart failure may partly reverse such passive PH by optimizing left ventricular function. However, if increased pulmonary pressures persist, endothelial damage, excessive vasoconstriction and structural changes in the pulmonary vasculature may occur. There is, at present, no recommended medical treatment for this active component of PH due to left heart failure. However, as the vascular changes in PH due to left heart failure may be similar to those in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a selected group of these patients may benefit from PAH treatment targeting the endothelin, nitric oxide or prostacyclin pathways. Such potent pulmonary vasodilators could, however, be detrimental in patients with left heart failure without pulmonary vascular pathology, as selective pulmonary vasodilatation may lead to further congestion in the pulmonary circuit, resulting in pulmonary oedema. The use of PAH therapies is therefore currently not recommended and would require the selection of suitable patients based on the underlying causes of the disease and careful monitoring of their progress. The present review focuses on the following: (i) the pathophysiology behind PH resulting from systolic left heart failure, and (ii) the current evidence for medical treatment of this condition, especially the role of PAH‐targeted therapies in systolic left heart failure.     

Psychosocial factors and congestive heart failure

The incidence and prevalence of congestive heart failure (CHF) are increasing, even after adjustment for an aging population. Because coverage of psychosocial factors in CHF has been insufficient, we reviewed the literature in this area. Four major themes emerged in our review as we examined relations between psychosocial factors and CHF: psychiatric comorbidity, psychosocial precipitation and exacerbation of CHF, psychosocial consequences of CHF, and physiological mechanisms linking psychosocial factors and the course of CHF. There is a surprising paucity of studies in these areas. We tabulate the studies and discuss representative studies with an eye to directions for future research. This research was supported by Grants HL36005, HL44915, and RR00827 from the National Institutes of Health.     

Association of cytomegalovirus diseases with newly developed myocardial infarction and congestive heart failure: data from a national population-based cohort

IntroductionAnti-cytomegalovirus (CMV) IgG seropositive and/or titer are associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). However, it is not clear whether CMV end-organ disease may have a relation with development of CVD or chronic heart diseases.Material and methodsIn matched cohort study, the National Health Insurance Database covering 50 million people was used to identify 667 patients with CMV diseases and aged ≥ 20 years between 2010 and 2014. 6,670 control subjects without CMV diseases were matched by age, sex, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, dyslipidemia, and cohort entry year. Data on CMV disease and heart disease events of myocardial infarction (MI), congestive heart failure (CHF), and atrial fibrillation (AF) were retrieved. Previous events before CMV disease or cohort entry were excluded until January 2006. Subjects were followed until December 2015 in subjects without events and until date of events in subjects with events.ResultsThe multivariate regression model adjusted by age, sex, low-income status, type 2 DM, hypertension, dyslipidemia, solid organ transplantation, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation showed a significantly higher incidence rate of MI (odds ratio (OR) = 2.1, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.0–4.5) and CHF (OR = 3.8, 95% CI: 2.1–6.8) but not AF (OR = 1.9, 95% CI: 0.9–4.0) in patients with CMV disease. The age group of 40–64 years with CMV disease had the highest risk for new-onset CHF in this regression model (OR = 9.4, 95% CI: 4.12–21.44, p = 0.029).ConclusionsSymptomatic CMV tissue-invasive diseases were associated with a higher risk of new-onset MI and CHF.     

Dynamic relations between right and left atrial pressure shifts induced by catecholamines

Acute experiments on cats showed that injection of catecholamines induced unidirectional shifts in right and left atrial pressure in 70% cases (these shifts were positive in one half of cats and negative in the other half). In 30% cases, the left and right atrial pressures changed in opposite direction: right atrial pressure decreased, while left atrial pressure increased (19%), or vice versa (11%). The pressure changes in the left atrium had greater amplitude and longer duration compared to those in the right atrium.__________This revised version was published online in August 2005 with the addition of the issue titleTranslated from Byulleten’ Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 139, No. 1, pp. 4–7, January, 2005