PCL膜对同种异体肌腱移植后粘连预防作用的实验研究

目的：探讨聚己内酯（PCL）薄膜对同种异体肌腱移植后粘连的预防作用及其对肌腱愈合的影响。方法：选用在-84℃冰箱冻存10d的兔同种异体肌腱移植于30只受体兔右下肢肌腱缺损处。随机分为2组：实验组（PCL组）在腱移植处包裹PCL薄膜，对照组（无包膜组）在腱移植处不包裹PCL薄膜。术后不同时间．切取腱移植部位，进行大体观察，常规制成光、电镜标本，镜下观察；对移植腱段进行羟脯氨酸（Hyp）含量及腱周粘连定量测定。结果：镜下实验组腱移植段内部的成纤维细胞和胶原纤维量与对照组无明显差别，但对照组腱周组织成纤维细胞和胶原纤维量明显较实验组多；Hyp含量对照组与实验组差别无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；对照组比实验组粘连程度重（P〈0．05）。结论：PCL膜有预防肌腱粘连的作用，对肌腱愈合无影响，临床可作为一种预防肌腱粘连措施。     

天然水蛭素对肌腱成纤维细胞抑制作用的体外研究

目的:通过体外实验研究天然水蛭素对兔肌腱成纤维细胞的抑制作用及三种相关细胞因子表达水平的变化,揭示天然水蛭素预防肌腱粘连的作用及相关途径。方法:体外分离培养兔肌腱成纤维细胞,采取MTT法检测不同浓度天然水蛭素对兔肌腱成纤维细胞增殖活性的影响;运用ELISA法测定兔肌腱成纤维细胞转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(b FGF)和基质金属蛋白酶2(MMP-2)的表达含量。结果:与未加水蛭素组(0 U/m L)比较,天然水蛭素干预组(1.50、3.00、6.00 U/m L)能够显著抑制兔肌腱成纤维细胞生长;并正向调节b FGF与MMP-2含量表达,负向调节TGF-β1含量表达(P0.05或0.01)。结论:天然水蛭素能够显著抑制体外培养的兔肌腱成纤维细胞的增殖,且具有一定的浓度依赖性;通过降低兔肌腱成纤维细胞TGF-β1的表达并相应提高b FGF与MMP-2的表达可能是其基于TGF-β1/Smads信号通路发挥抗纤维化作用的一种有效途径。     

腕掌部伤指浅腱段带蒂滑行移植修复鞘内屈肌腱缺损的研究

为给修复鞘内屈肌腱缺损提供一种带血供的滑膜腱移植体和方法，根据有关腕部屈肌腱的解剖文献［１～３］，对腕掌部浅腱段的血供来源、组织结构及生理功能进行了详细研究。结果证实腕部及掌部近侧段的浅腱位于滑液囊内，腱表面覆盖着脏层滑膜，称作滑膜腱。其血供主要来自腱系膜的血管。因此在腕上和鞘区同时切断同一浅腱后，该腱段的血液供应仍很丰富，且该腱的滑行距离由原来的２．５ｃｍ增大到５ｃｍ以上。经尸体摸拟试验证实，用该段腱带腱系膜血管蒂滑行移植修复鞘内５ｃｍ以内的屈肌腱缺根的方法是可行的。为确保临床的可靠应用，进一步用鸡足长趾屈肌腱制成鞘内屈肌腱缺损，分别进行踝跖部浅腱段带蒂滑行移植和游离移植的动物模型，对两种移植腱的愈合全过程连续进行大体、光镜、电镜组织学和最大抗张强度、滑行距离生物力学的对比观察和测定。结果表明：滑行移植腱的血液供应始终很丰富；其愈合速度比游离移植腱快约１４天；吻合处粘连轻而局限，呈膜状；愈合早期（３周）最大抗张强度、晚期（８周）滑行距离均明显优于游离移植腱。从而证明了血供在腱愈合过程中的重要作用。在上述研究的基础上，我们利用腕掌部伤指浅腱段带蒂滑行移植的方法，对７例９指鞘内屈肌腱缺损的病人（最长５ｃｍ）进?     

兔结膜基质诱导人骨髓间质干细胞分化的初步研究

 【目的】观察人骨髓间充质干细胞（mesenchymal stem cells，MSCs）在保存人羊膜及兔眼表结膜基质上分化的情况。【方法】24只新西兰兔随机分为2组。实验组：培养有人MSCs的羊膜移植组，将人MSCs接种在保存人羊膜上培养4d，用5-溴脱氧尿嘧啶（BrdU）标记后移植到兔眼表结膜缺损区；对照组，单纯羊膜移植组。分别于移植后1，2，3，4，6和8周，摘取各组实验眼行组织学和免疫组织化学检查，组织学检查移植到兔结膜基质的MSCs的存活、形态变化以及移植局部的反应等情况；免疫组织化学检测移植到结膜基质的带有BrdU标记的细胞角蛋白3／12（CK3／CKl2）和角蛋白13（CK13）的表达。【结果】MSCs接种到羊膜后能在羊膜上生长，与羊膜共培养4d后，MSCs贴附羊膜生长迅速，组织学特征无明显改变。用羊膜负载MSCs移植到兔结膜缺损区，术后免疫组织化学检测结膜上皮层CK13表达阳性，CK3／CK12表达阴性，在重建的结膜上皮层可检测到BrdU核阳性细胞，未见异常增殖细胞。【结论】人羊膜可作为MSCs的载体，采用人羊膜负载MSCs行兔结膜移植，MSCs能在兔结膜上皮层存活并增殖。     

兔结膜基质诱导人骨髓间质干细胞分化的初步研究

【目的】观察人骨髓间充质干细胞（mesenchymal stem cells，MSCs）在保存人羊膜及兔眼表结膜基质上分化的情况。【方法】24只新西兰兔随机分为2组。实验组：培养有人MSCs的羊膜移植组，将人MSCs接种在保存人羊膜上培养4d，用5-溴脱氧尿嘧啶（BrdU）标记后移植到兔眼表结膜缺损区；对照组，单纯羊膜移植组。分别于移植后1，2，3，4，6和8周，摘取各组实验眼行组织学和免疫组织化学检查，组织学检查移植到兔结膜基质的MSCs的存活、形态变化以及移植局部的反应等情况；免疫组织化学检测移植到结膜基质的带有BrdU标记的细胞角蛋白3／12（CK3／CKl2）和角蛋白13（CK13）的表达。【结果】MSCs接种到羊膜后能在羊膜上生长，与羊膜共培养4d后，MSCs贴附羊膜生长迅速，组织学特征无明显改变。用羊膜负载MSCs移植到兔结膜缺损区，术后免疫组织化学检测结膜上皮层CK13表达阳性，CK3／CK12表达阴性，在重建的结膜上皮层可检测到BrdU核阳性细胞，未见异常增殖细胞。【结论】人羊膜可作为MSCs的载体，采用人羊膜负载MSCs行兔结膜移植，MSCs能在兔结膜上皮层存活并增殖。     

皮肤成纤维细胞构建组织工程肌腱的实验研究

近年来，研究者们应用类似于骨髓基质干细胞的细胞作为组织工程肌腱的种子细胞，未获明显进展。皮肤成纤维细胞和肌腱细胞均来源于中胚层，细胞形态相似。如果成纤维细胞能取代肌腱细胞，作为种子细胞应用于肌腱组织工程则可望解决种子细胞缺乏的难题。作者曾应用成纤维细胞作为种子细胞修复肌腱缺损取得初步成功，但缺乏长期观察结果。本研究旨在长期观察皮肤成纤维细胞构建的组织工程肌腱，并与肌腱细胞作为种子细胞的组织工程肌腱进行比较。     

苦参素对NIH/3T3成纤维细胞增殖及细胞外基质合成的影响

目的 观察苦参素对NIH／3T3成纤维细胞增殖及其细胞外基质(ECM)合成的影响,探讨苦参素抗肝纤维化的可能作用机制。方法 采用噻唑蓝比色法、流式细胞技术检测苦参素对NIH／3T3成纤维细胞增殖及细胞周期的影响,采用放射免疫方法检测苦参素对其合成透明质酸(HA)、Ⅳ型胶原(Ⅳ-C)等ECM的影响。结果 苦参素可抑制NIH／3T3成纤维细胞的增殖,减少S期细胞,降低细胞增殖指数,抑制ECM的合成,并呈剂量依赖关系。结论 苦参素可能通过影响成纤维细胞的增殖、抑制成纤维细胞的分裂和ECM的合成发挥其抗肝纤维化作用。     

眼科羊膜移植治疗的临床体会

羊膜是胎盘的最内层，附着于绒毛膜表面，是人体内最厚的基底膜和无血管基质，其经过适当的处理与保存，作为修补缺损区眼表的基质，能使眼表缺损区上皮化修复。因而，近年来，羊膜被广泛运用于眼科临床。我科于2001年9月收治1例右眼重度热烧伤患者，先后两次行羊膜移植术，获得成功。     

胎兔骨髓基质细胞与聚β-羟基丁酯(PHB)复合物修复骨缺损的实验研究

目的：研究兔骨髓基质细胞(BMSC)与聚β-羟基丁酯(PHB)复合物在成兔体内培养后成骨情况，选出最理想的人工组织工程骨．方法：将体外培养的骨髓基质细胞种植于PHB支架材料上形成复合物，再植入成兔体内培养，同时用单纯PHB材料植入作对照．分别于4，8wk后照X光片，取材行光镜和扫描电镜观察其成骨情况．结果：PHB与BMSC的复合物在兔体内于4wk后已有骨组织形成，而对照组的缺损无修复迹象．结论：PHB与BMSC的复合物完全可以做成理想的组织工程人工骨修复骨缺损．     

膀胱细胞外基质的研制

目的 :探讨膀胱细胞外基质 (ECM)的制备方法。方法 :采用正交设计方法 [L9(34) ]。取 1 9只兔的膀胱共 1 9个 ,其中 9个被分成 2 7片 ,按正交设计随机分为 9组行脱细胞处理 ;所有试验重复 3次。经脱细胞处理后 ,采用HE染色及计算机图像分析对基质进行残余细胞成分计数 ,统计分析获得最佳方法。另 1 0个膀胱采用最佳方法制备成膀胱ECM并用于同种异体膀胱缺损修复实验 ;分别于修复术后 1 0d、4周及 3个月取材分析缺损修复处组织再生情况。结果 :各组脱细胞后残余细胞成分量均不相同 ,但第 7组未发现细胞残余成分 ;采用最佳方案(A3 B2 C3 )制备的膀胱ECM经扫描电镜分析未发现细胞残片。缺损修复实验后 1 0d移行上皮组织爬满基质内表面 ;术后 4周可见基质内细胞成分明显增多 ,但较正常组织稀疏 ,排列不规则 ;3个月后 ,取材的组织学分析表明细胞外基质替代部分组织再生状况良好。结论 :制备膀胱细胞外基质的最佳方案是A3 B2 C3 ,即在膀胱脱细胞处理过程中采用 0 .4 %胰蛋白酶、1 %甲醛 +0 .2 %戊二醛、4 0U·ml-1 DNase。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.