Effect of metoclopramide on pain on injection of propofol

We undertook a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to examine the efficacy of metoclopramide at three different doses (2.5 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg) for reducing pain on injection of propofol in 100 patients scheduled for elective surgery. Patients received intravenously the study drug, with venous occlusion for one minute, followed by propofol 2 mg/kg into a dorsal hand vein. The incidence of pain was significantly less in patients receiving metoclopramide 5 mg (32%) or 10 mg (28%) than in patients receiving placebo (80%) (P<0.01). No difference between metoclopramide 2.5 mg and the placebo groups was found. We conclude that pretreatment of a dorsal hand vein with metoclopramide in a dose of 5 or 10 mg, with venous occlusion for one minute, effectively decreases the incidence of pain caused by propofol injection.     

肾康宁对肾小球肾炎治疗作用的实验及临床研究

目的:观察中药肾康宁对家兔实验性肾炎黏附分子及细胞因子表达的影响,以及临床肾小球肾炎治疗前后尿蛋白的变化.方法:检测牛血清白蛋白所致急性实验性肾炎动物肾组织ICAM-1表达、血清IL-6水平的变化,以及临床肾小球肾炎肾康宁治疗前后血清IL-6水平、尿蛋白的变化.结果:肾康宁能明显降低实验动物血清IL-6含量,降低急性实验性肾炎模型中ICAM-1阳性细胞表达率,同时减轻肾小球基底膜(GBM)增厚及炎症细胞浸润,阻止毛细血管内微血栓的形成;在临床肾小球肾炎中,肾康宁能减少肾小球肾炎患者血清IL-6水平及24 h尿蛋白含量.结论:肾康宁通过降低细胞因子IL-6水平和黏附分子ICAM-1的表达,从而抑制免疫细胞的趋化、浸润、活化和增殖、减少免疫复合物的沉积,使肾小球炎症反应减轻,有效缓解家兔急性实验性和临床肾小球肾炎,使肾功能得以改善.     

离心对脂肪颗粒活性影响的研究

目的:明确离心对脂肪颗粒活性的影响,为脂肪移植术中纯化脂肪颗粒时是否采用离心以及选择最佳离心速率提供参考。方法:将脂肪颗粒经不同高速率(1　000、2　000、3　000、4　000rpm)及不同低速率(600、800、1　000rpm)离心后,即刻进行葡萄糖转移实验——即将每组脂肪颗粒样本分为 12 个标本,每个标本 5ml,置入 10ml 含糖 DMEM 中孵育,1h 后检测其葡萄糖转移量,此值代表各标本的活性,方差分析检验比较各组样本葡萄糖转移量即活性大小。将经不同速率 (600、1　000、2　000、3　000rpm)离心的脂肪颗粒放置 4.5h 后再进行葡萄糖转移实验(方法同上),方差分析检验比较各组脂肪颗粒葡萄糖转移量即活性变化。经静置、3　000rpm 离心的两组脂肪颗粒分别植入 6 只裸鼠背部皮下,每只注射 4 点,每点 0.2ml。15 周后取出移植物,测量残留体积、重量并比较之。每组取两个移植物送病理学检查。结果:脂肪颗粒经不同高、低离心速率处理后的即刻活性随离心速率的增大而显著降低(P<0.05),而经不同高、低离心速率处理再放置 4.5h 后,各离心组样本活性变得差异不显著(P>0.05),但仍较对照组(静置组)明显降低(P<0.05)。静置悬浮和 3　000rpm 离心的两组样本植入裸鼠背部皮下 15 周后,残留体积、重量差异不显著(P>0.05),　组织病理     

丙泊酚制剂引起注射部位疼痛的机制研究进展

背景 丙泊酚是目前临床常用的静脉麻醉药,其具有起效快、作用时间短及安全性高的特点.但是30%～70%患者会出现注射疼痛的副作用,对患者机体和精神造成了严重影响.目的 为减轻丙泊酚临床给药疼痛提供有效的解决策略,为新制剂研发提供思路.内容 对近年来国内外学者关于丙泊酚注射疼痛机理的研究进展进行分析评述,概括导致丙泊酚注射...     

全国老年生殖健康学术研讨会会议纪要

由《生殖医学杂志》编辑委员会主办的全国老年生殖健康学术研讨会于1999年11月22～24日在北京召开,来自21个省、市、自治区的121名代表以及国家计划生育委员会的有关领导出席了会议。会议首先由杂志主编葛秦生教授致开幕词,今年是国际老年人年,在今年召开的老年生殖健康学术研讨会具有特殊意义。另外,改变了过去召开学术会议大多向大家介绍知识,本次会议是代表们自己的工作进行交流,分布面广,是一大进步。其后,本刊顾问原国家计划生育委员会科技司朱耀华司长讲话,认为老年生殖健康是全球关注的问题,我国也已进入老年社会,随着我国人口增长速…     

谷氨酰胺对肠道损伤药理作用研究

肠粘膜上皮细胞、粘膜下免疫细胞和肠腔微生物群之间微妙而复杂的相互作用决定了黏膜的内环境平衡。肠道受到不良刺激情况下可能导致肠损伤,或者肠屏障的破坏,如腹部肿瘤的化疗和放疗、炎性肠病以及肠应激状态下反应,后者如创伤、休克、炎症。受损的上皮屏障和伴随的对肠道微生物群的过度免疫反应导致腹痛、腹泻和炎性肠病,同时肠屏障破坏所致的肠通透性增加可能是引发肠外组织与脏器损伤的因素。谷氨酰胺在营养中是一种真正的具有功能性的氨基酸。膳食或补充的谷氨酰胺通过调节参与细胞增殖、分化和凋亡、蛋白质周转、抗氧化性和免疫反应的基因和蛋白表达,对维持肠黏膜屏障具有重要作用。但谷氨酰胺作用的潜在机制在很大程度上仍然是未知的,因此,谷氨酰胺的重要作用不断激励研究人员在实验动物、基础和临床研究。本文回顾了肠屏障受损的机制及谷氨酰胺对肠道损伤药理作用,对于更好地理解谷氨酰胺的作用以及改善生物体内谷氨酰胺的营养利用是必要的。     

二氢青蒿素对胰腺癌生长的抑制作用

目的 探讨二氢青蒿素在体外、体内对胰腺癌的生长抑制作用.方法 通过MTT法检测二氢青蒿素对胰腺癌细胞株生长的抑制作用,Annexin V-FITC/PI染色流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡;Western blot检测BxPC-3细胞中增殖、凋亡相关蛋白的表达.监测给药后胰腺癌裸鼠移植瘤体积的变化,并通过对肿瘤组织标本Ki-67染色和TUNEL染色检测肿瘤细胞增殖和凋亡情况.结果 MTT结果显示,二氢青蒿素可抑制体外培养的胰腺癌细胞BxPC-3和AsPC-1的增殖,诱导细胞凋亡,且呈剂量依赖性.二氢青蒿素亦可通过抑制增殖和诱导凋亡而抑制胰腺癌的体内生长.Western blot检测BxPC-3细胞中蛋白的表达水平,结果显示二氢青蒿素上调增殖相关蛋白p21WAF1、下调PCNA的表达;上调凋亡相关蛋白Bax、下调Bcl-2的表达,且可增加caspase-9的活化水平.结论 二氢青蒿素在体内外对胰腺癌均有抗肿瘤作用,是胰腺癌治疗的潜在药物.     

二氢青蒿素对胰腺癌生长的抑制作用

Objective To investigate the anti-tumor activity of dihydroartemisinin in pancreatic cancer in vitro and in vivo. Methods For cultured cells,cell growth was determined by the MTT assay and apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry analysis stained with Annexin V-FITG/PI. The protein expression in BxPC-3 cells was analyzed by Western blot assay. BxPC-3 cells were injected subcutaneously into nude mice to establish pancreatic xenograft tumors and the tumor volume was monitored after exposure to dihydroartemisinin. Ki-67 staining and TUNEL assay were used to assess tumor cell proliferation and apoptosis in tumor tissue. Results After treatment by dihydroartemisinin in vitro, the proliferative inhibition rates of pancreatic cancer cells BxPC-3 and AsPC-1 reached up to (76.2 ± 3.5) % and (79.5 ± 2.9) %, and the apoptosis rates were up to (55.5 ± 3.2)% and (40.0 ± 3.5)%, the differences were significantly (P ＜ 0.01) compared with control [(2.0 ± 1.3) % and (0.9 ± 0.4) %]. Dihydroartemisinin inhibited the growth of pancreatic xenograft tumors in nude mice. The proliferation index and apoptusis index were (49.1 ± 3.9)% and (50.2 ± 4.4)% respectively in dihydroarternisinin 50 mg/kg treatment group, compared to those of (72.1 ± 3.3) % and (9.4 ± 2.9) % in control, the differences were significantly (P ＜0.01). Western blot assay indicated that dihydroartemisinin up-regulates expression of proliferation-associated protein p21WAF1 and down-regulates expression of PCNA, increases expression of apoptosis-associated protein Bax and decreases expression of Bcl-2 and activates caspase-9 in BxPC-3 cells. Conclusions Dihydroartemisinin exerts anti-tumor activity in pancreatic cancer both in vitro and in vivo by proliferation inhibition and apoptusis induction. Dihydroartemisinin can be used as a potential anti-tumor drug in pancreatic cancer.     

二氢青蒿素对胰腺癌生长的抑制作用

Objective To investigate the anti-tumor activity of dihydroartemisinin in pancreatic cancer in vitro and in vivo. Methods For cultured cells,cell growth was determined by the MTT assay and apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry analysis stained with Annexin V-FITG/PI. The protein expression in BxPC-3 cells was analyzed by Western blot assay. BxPC-3 cells were injected subcutaneously into nude mice to establish pancreatic xenograft tumors and the tumor volume was monitored after exposure to dihydroartemisinin. Ki-67 staining and TUNEL assay were used to assess tumor cell proliferation and apoptosis in tumor tissue. Results After treatment by dihydroartemisinin in vitro, the proliferative inhibition rates of pancreatic cancer cells BxPC-3 and AsPC-1 reached up to (76.2 ± 3.5) % and (79.5 ± 2.9) %, and the apoptosis rates were up to (55.5 ± 3.2)% and (40.0 ± 3.5)%, the differences were significantly (P ＜ 0.01) compared with control [(2.0 ± 1.3) % and (0.9 ± 0.4) %]. Dihydroartemisinin inhibited the growth of pancreatic xenograft tumors in nude mice. The proliferation index and apoptusis index were (49.1 ± 3.9)% and (50.2 ± 4.4)% respectively in dihydroarternisinin 50 mg/kg treatment group, compared to those of (72.1 ± 3.3) % and (9.4 ± 2.9) % in control, the differences were significantly (P ＜0.01). Western blot assay indicated that dihydroartemisinin up-regulates expression of proliferation-associated protein p21WAF1 and down-regulates expression of PCNA, increases expression of apoptosis-associated protein Bax and decreases expression of Bcl-2 and activates caspase-9 in BxPC-3 cells. Conclusions Dihydroartemisinin exerts anti-tumor activity in pancreatic cancer both in vitro and in vivo by proliferation inhibition and apoptusis induction. Dihydroartemisinin can be used as a potential anti-tumor drug in pancreatic cancer.     

二氢青蒿素对胰腺癌生长的抑制作用

Objective To investigate the anti-tumor activity of dihydroartemisinin in pancreatic cancer in vitro and in vivo. Methods For cultured cells,cell growth was determined by the MTT assay and apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry analysis stained with Annexin V-FITG/PI. The protein expression in BxPC-3 cells was analyzed by Western blot assay. BxPC-3 cells were injected subcutaneously into nude mice to establish pancreatic xenograft tumors and the tumor volume was monitored after exposure to dihydroartemisinin. Ki-67 staining and TUNEL assay were used to assess tumor cell proliferation and apoptosis in tumor tissue. Results After treatment by dihydroartemisinin in vitro, the proliferative inhibition rates of pancreatic cancer cells BxPC-3 and AsPC-1 reached up to (76.2 ± 3.5) % and (79.5 ± 2.9) %, and the apoptosis rates were up to (55.5 ± 3.2)% and (40.0 ± 3.5)%, the differences were significantly (P ＜ 0.01) compared with control [(2.0 ± 1.3) % and (0.9 ± 0.4) %]. Dihydroartemisinin inhibited the growth of pancreatic xenograft tumors in nude mice. The proliferation index and apoptusis index were (49.1 ± 3.9)% and (50.2 ± 4.4)% respectively in dihydroarternisinin 50 mg/kg treatment group, compared to those of (72.1 ± 3.3) % and (9.4 ± 2.9) % in control, the differences were significantly (P ＜0.01). Western blot assay indicated that dihydroartemisinin up-regulates expression of proliferation-associated protein p21WAF1 and down-regulates expression of PCNA, increases expression of apoptosis-associated protein Bax and decreases expression of Bcl-2 and activates caspase-9 in BxPC-3 cells. Conclusions Dihydroartemisinin exerts anti-tumor activity in pancreatic cancer both in vitro and in vivo by proliferation inhibition and apoptusis induction. Dihydroartemisinin can be used as a potential anti-tumor drug in pancreatic cancer.