共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Christopher J. Burcal Michelle A. Sandrey Tricia Hubbard-Turner Patrick O. McKeon Erik A. Wikstrom 《Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport》2019,22(5):538-543
Objectives
Balance training typically features as a central component of exercise-based rehabilitation programs for patients with lateral ankle sprain and chronic ankle instability (CAI). The purpose of this study was to conduct a responder/non-responder analysis using existing data to identify factors associated with improvements in dynamic balance performance in CAI patients.Design
Secondary data analysis.Methods
Data was used from 73 CAI patients who participated in 6 previous investigations that used the same balance training program. We defined treatment success as a patient exceeding the minimal detectable change score (8.15%) for the posteriomedial direction of the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT-PM). Baseline measures of participant and injury demographics, patient-reported function, and dynamic balance were entered into a step-wise logistic regression model to determine the best set of predictors of treatment success.Results
Only 28 out of 73 patients (38.4%) demonstrated a successful improvement in SEBT-PM reach after balance training. Of the variables assessed, SEBT-PM reach distance ≤85.18% and self-reported function activities of daily living score ≤92.55% were significant predictors of treatment success (p < 0.001). If a patient met both these criteria there was a 70% probability of a successful treatment, indicating a 31.6% increase in the probability of a meaningful balance improvement after completing balance training.Conclusions
Without screening, less than 40% of CAI patients experience a meaningful improvement in SEBT-PM following balance training. Completing a brief pre-treatment assessment of a patient- and clinician-oriented outcome can significantly improve the probability of determining patients with CAI who may improve dynamic balance after balance training. 相似文献2.
Cassandra S. Thompson Claire E. Hiller Siobhan M. Schabrun 《Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport》2019,22(4):425-429
Objectives
To compare soleus spinal reflex excitability, presynaptic inhibition and recurrent inhibition between chronic ankle instability (CAI), acute Lateral Ankle Sprain coper (LAS-coper) and healthy populations. The relationship between spinal reflex excitability and pain and perceived instability in people with CAI was also examined.Design
Cross-sectional laboratory experiment.Methods
Twelve individuals with CAI, twelve ‘copers’ and twelve healthy age, limb and gender-matched controls participated. Soleus H-reflex recruitment curves, pre-synaptic excitability and recurrent inhibition of the spinal-reflex pathway were examined during static double- and single-leg stance. Reporting of pain and perceived instability were used to perform a regression analysis on measures of soleus spinal excitability in people with CAI, LAS-coper and healthy controls.Results
Soleus spinal reflex excitability was greater during single-leg stance in CAI compared to healthy and coper individuals (p = <0.001). Pre-synaptic inhibition was three-times less in CAI participants compared to both healthy controls and copers (p = <0.001). There were no differences between healthy and coper participants in spinal-level measures of sensorimotor control. Reports of pain explained 15–16% of the variance in soleus spinal reflex excitability and presynaptic inhibition during single and double-leg stance, while perceived instability explained 20% of the variance in spinal reflex during single leg stance only.Conclusions
CAI participants presented with an inability to suppress soleus spinal reflexes during tasks with increased postural threat; likely due to disinhibition of pre-synaptic mechanisms. Pain and perceived instability may contribute to changes in spinal-level sensorimotor control in CAI. 相似文献3.
Konstantinos Tsikopoulos Dimitris Mavridis Dimitrios Georgiannos Mary Spencer Cain 《Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport》2018,21(9):873-879
Objectives
To identify non-surgical treatments which were deemed to be more effective in improving dynamic postural control in patients with chronic ankle instability (CAI).Design
Systematic review and random-effects network meta-analysis.Methods
We searched Scopus, CENTRAL, and PubMed until 26 August 2017. We used data from randomized trials comparing the results of different non-surgical interventions for lateral CAI. We assessed dynamic postural control in terms of the star-excursion balance test in the posteromedial direction. We evaluated this outcome at the end of the rehabilitation protocols (i.e., short term) and 6 months after treatment (i.e., medium term). We assessed the quality of the included studies with the Cochrane risk of bias tool and evaluated the quality of evidence from the network of interventions using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.Results
Nineteen trials were eligible for inclusion in this systematic review. A 4–6-week supervised balance training program and a 4–6-week strengthening rehabilitation protocol provided significant improvements compared to control (8 studies, standardized mean difference [SMD] was ?0.75, 95% CIs [?1.28 to ?0.23]); and 2 studies, SMD was ?1.2, 95% CIs [?2.36 to ?0.08], respectively). A 6-week combined intervention that addressed balance and strength had the highest probability of being among the best treatments. However, the latter rehabilitation intervention was included in only one trial.Conclusions
The network meta-analysis showed that supervised balance training protocols and strengthening programs significantly improved dynamic balance in patients with CAI. A combination of these interventions may further increase the efficacy of non-surgical treatment options for the first-line management of CAI. 相似文献4.
Robert C. Lynall J. Troy Blackburn Kevin M. Guskiewicz Stephen W. Marshall Prudence Plummer Jason P. Mihalik 《Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport》2019,22(5):503-508
Objectives
Despite evidence for increased musculoskeletal injury after concussion recovery, there is a lack of dynamic balance assessments that could inform management and research into this increased injury risk post-concussion. Our purpose was to identify tandem gait dynamic balance deficits in recreational athletes with a concussion history within the past 18-months compared to matched controls.Design
Cross-sectional, laboratory study.Methods
Fifteen participants with a concussion history (age: 19.7 ± 0.9 years; 9 females; median time since concussion 126 days, range 28–432 days), and 15 matched controls (19.7 ± 1.6 years; 9 females) with no recent concussion history participated. We measured center-of-pressure (COP) outcomes (velocity, path length, speed, dual-task cost) under 4 tandem gait conditions: (1) tandem gait, (2) tandem gait, eyes closed, (3) tandem gait, eyes open, cognitive distraction, and (4) tandem gait, eyes closed, cognitive distraction.Results
The concussion history group demonstrated slower tandem gait velocity compared to the control group (4.0 cm/s difference), thus velocity was used as a covariate when analyzing COP path length and speed. The concussion history group (23.5%) demonstrated greater COP speed dual-task cost than the control group (16.3%) during the eyes closed dual-task condition. No other comparisons were statistically significant.Conclusions
There may be subtle dynamic balance differences during tandem gait that are detectable after return-to-activity following concussion, but the clinical significance of these findings is unclear. Longitudinal investigations should identify acute movement deficits in varying visual and cognitive scenarios after concussion in comparison with recovery on traditional concussion assessment tools while also recording musculoskeletal injury outcomes. 相似文献5.
Louis-Solal Giboin Markus Gruber Andreas Kramer 《Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport》2019,22(1):101-105
Objectives
We wanted to verify if the “learning to learn” effect observed in the learning of visuomotor tasks is also present when learning a balance task, i.e., whether the learning rate of a balance task is improved by prior practice of similar balance tasks.Design
Single centre, parallel group, controlled training study.Methods
32 young healthy participants were divided into a control and a training group. The training group’s practice consisted of 90 trials of three balance tasks. Forty-eight hours after the training, we recorded performance during the acquisition (90 trials) of a novel balance task in both groups, and 24 h thereafter we measured its retention (10 trials).Results
Mixed models statistical analysis showed that the learning rate of both the acquisition and the retention phase was not influenced by the 90 prior practice trials performed by the training group. However, participants with high lower limb power had a higher balance performance than participants with low power, which can be partly explained by the higher learning rate observed during the acquisition phase for participants with high power.Conclusions
Contrary to visuomotor or perceptual tasks, we did not find a “learning to learn” effect for balance tasks. The correlation between learning rate and lower limb power suggests that motor learning of dynamic balance tasks may depend on the physical capability to execute the correct movement. Thus, a prior strength and conditioning program with emphasis on lower limb power should be considered when designing a balance training, especially in fall prevention. 相似文献6.
M. Scholes S. Stadler D. Connell C. Barton R.A. Clarke A.L. Bryant P Malliaras 《Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport》2018,21(5):479-482
Objectives
To investigate single leg standing balance in males with mid-portion Achilles tendinopathy (AT).Design
Cross sectional case study.Methods
Centre of pressure (COP) path length was measured using a Wii Balance Board (WBB) in 21 male participants (20–60 years) with unilateral mid-portion AT during single-limb standing on each limb with eyes open and closed. Ultrasound imaging of both Achilles tendons was also performed by one blinded assessor, and the anteroposterior (AP) thickness and presence of pathology was determined. Comparisons were made between symptomatic and asymptomatic sides for key outcomes, and correlation between COP path length and variables of interest were investigated.Results
Symptomatic Achilles tendons demonstrated significantly increased AP tendon thickness (p < 0.001). Participants with AT demonstrated increased COP path length (sway amplitude) on their affected side during the eyes closed task (p = 0.001). Increased tendon thickness was associated with increased sway amplitude during the eyes open task on both the affected (rho = 0.44, p = 0.045) and unaffected sides (rho = 0.62, p = 0.003).Conclusions
In males with AT, single-leg standing balance with eyes closed is impaired on the symptomatic side. This indicates that neuromuscular deficits affecting functional ability may be present in people with AT during more challenging balance activities. It is unclear if this deficit precedes the onset of symptoms, or is a consequence of tendon pain. Work is now needed to understand the mechanisms that may explain standing balance deficits among people with AT. 相似文献7.
Breanne E. Kunstler Jill L. Cook Joanne L. Kemp Paul D. O’Halloran Caroline F. Finch 《Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport》2019,22(1):2-10
Objectives
To determine: (i) the behaviour change techniques used by a sample of Australian physiotherapists to promote non-treatment physical activity; and (ii) whether those behaviour change techniques are different to the techniques used to encourage adherence to rehabilitation exercises.Design
Cross-sectional survey.Method
An online self-report survey was advertised to private practice and outpatient physiotherapists treating patients with musculoskeletal conditions. The use of 50 behaviour change techniques were measured using five-point Likert-type scale questions.Results
Four-hundred and eighty-six physiotherapists responded to the survey, with 216 surveys fully completed. Most respondents (85.1%) promoted non-treatment physical activity often or all of the time. Respondents frequently used 29 behaviour change techniques to promote non-treatment physical activity or encourage adherence to rehabilitation exercises. A similar number of behaviour change techniques was frequently used to encourage adherence to rehabilitation exercises (n = 28) and promote non-treatment physical activity (n = 26). Half of the behaviour change techniques included in the survey were frequently used for both promoting non-treatment physical activity and encouraging adherence to rehabilitation exercises (n = 25). Graded tasks was the most, and punishment was the least, frequently reported technique used to promote non-treatment physical activity and encourage adherence to rehabilitation exercises.Conclusions
Respondents reported using similar behaviour change techniques to promote non-treatment physical activity and encourage adherence to rehabilitation exercises. The variability in behaviour change technique use suggests the behaviour the physiotherapist is promoting influences their behaviour change technique choice. Including the frequently-used behaviour change techniques in non-treatment physical activity promotion interventions might improve their efficacy. 相似文献8.
Reidar P. Lystad Kate Curtis Gary J. Browne Rebecca J. Mitchell 《Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport》2019,22(2):175-180
Objectives
To quantify and describe the incidence, cost, and temporal trends of sports injury-related hospitalisations in Australian children over a 10-year period.Design
Retrospective population-based cohort study.Methods
This study used linked hospitalisation and mortality data of children aged ≤16 years who were hospitalised for sports-related injury in Australia from 1 July 2002 to 30 June 2012. Age-standardised incidence rates were calculated with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Negative binomial regression was used to examine change in temporal trends in incidence rates.Results
There were 130,167 sports injury-related hospitalisations during the 10-year study period. The overall annual incidence rate was 281.0 (95%CI: 279.5, 282.6) per 100,000 population. Males and older children were more frequently hospitalised than their female and younger counterparts. The most common sports activities resulting in hospitalisation were team ball sports (43.1%) and wheeled non-motor sport (22.3%). There was no significant annual decline in the overall incidence rate during the 10-year study period (?1.0% [95%CI: ?3.0%, 1.0%]). The estimated total hospital treatment cost was $396 million, with an estimated mean cost per injured child of $3058.Conclusions
There has been no significant decline in sports injury-related hospitalisation rates among Australian children during 2002–03 to 2011–12. This may suggest that sports injury prevention initiatives in Australia to date have been inadequate to produce population-level reduction in sports injury-related hospitalisations. It is recommended that a national injury prevention strategy to reduce the burden of sports injuries among Australian children is developed and implemented. 相似文献9.
Adinda K.E. Mailuhu Edwin H.G. Oei Nienke van Putte-Katier John M. van Ochten Patrick J.E. Bindels Sita M.A. Bierma-Zeinstra Marienke van Middelkoop 《Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport》2018,21(3):250-256
Objectives
To examine the five-year prognosis and potential prognostic factors of patients with an acute lateral ankle sprain in primary care setting.Design
Observational study.Methods
206 patients who participated in a cross-sectional study and visited their general practitioner with an acute lateral ankle sprain 6–12 months prior to inclusion were approached for a 5-year follow-up measurement consisting of an online questionnaire. At baseline patients completed standardized questionnaires, underwent a standardized physical examination and radiological examination (radiography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging) and scored their perceived recovery. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine potential predictive factors at baseline for the presence of persistent complaints after 5 years.Results
132 (64.1%) patients completed the 5-year follow-up. 18.2% reported persistent complaints and 30.3% had a re-sprain during follow-up. Baseline persistent complaints 6–12 months after an acute lateral ankle sprain (OR 6.38; CI 95% 1.54–26.44), dominant leg injury (OR 4.89; CI 95% 1.16–20.62) and a recurrent ankle sprain (OR 9.81; CI 95% 2.17–44.47) were significant predictors for persistent complaints 5 years after an acute ankle sprain. Physical examination and radiological findings did not add to the predictive value of the prognostic model.Conclusions
Almost 20% of patients with an acute lateral ankle sprain experience persistent complaints after 5 years follow-up. Predictive factors for persistent complaints can be identified. 相似文献10.
Wen-Shiuan Shih Chueh-Hung Wu Tyng-Guey Wang 《Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport》2019,22(4):392-396
Objectives
Among symptomatic dancers, sonographic abnormalities are common. Whether asymptomatic dancers have any abnormalities remains unknown. Some dancers became cyanosis over distal feet after ballet training. The hemodynamic changes at the feet in ballet are not clearly understood.Design
Cross-sectional study.Methods
In 25 dancers and 14 non-dancers, B-mode ultrasonography was used to measure cross-sectional areas (CSA) of tendons of deep posterior compartment muscles. Doppler ultrasonography was used to measure peak velocity (Vpeak) of posterior tibial artery in three ankle postures: the neutral position, passively and forced actively plantar flexion (en pointe). The big toe oxygen saturation was recorded in neutral position and during 1-min en pointe. Single-leg standing heel rise test was performed to represent the muscle function.Results
The CSA of FHL was larger in dancers (0.26 cm2 [0.20, 0.30] vs 0.21 cm2 [0.17, 0.24], p < 0.01), while other tendons were not different (all p > 0.05). Higher Vpeak was recorded in passively plantar flexion than in neutral position (p < 0.01, in both groups). The blood flow was undetectable during en pointe, more frequently in dancers (54.9% vs 14.3%, p < 0.01). Oxygen saturation decreased during en pointe more prominently in dancers (85% [80, 90] vs 94% [84, 97], p < 0.01). There was no significant difference in muscle function.Conclusions
US showed the FHL tendon thickening and en pointe-related vascular compromise in pre-professional dancers, even when they are asymptomatic. 相似文献11.
Katelyn Fleishman Allison Karen A. Keenan Mita Lovalekar Qi Mi Kim Beals Lt. Col. Lawrence C. Coleman Bradley C. Nindl 《Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport》2019,22(4):494-499
Optimizing tactical fitness is important for combat readiness and injury prevention, especially as women have entered ground combat military occupational specialties.
Objectives
To assess characteristics of male and female Marines by Combat Fitness Test (CFT) performance clusters.Design
Cross-sectional study.Methods
Anthropometric, body composition (BF%, fat and fat-free mass [FM and FFM], and Fight load index [FLI], physiological (maximal oxygen uptake, lactate threshold and anaerobic power/capacity), and musculoskeletal (isokinetic strength of the knee, shoulder, torso, and isometric strength of the ankle) assessments were obtained from 294 male (M) and female (F) Marines. Hierarchical cluster analysis classified Marines based on performance of two CFT events (sec): Maneuver Under Fire (MANUF) and Movement to Contact (MTC). Following tests for normality, one-way ANOVA or Kruskal Wallis tests, followed by Bonferroni post-hoc tests, assessed characteristics across clusters and sex (alpha = 0.05).Results
Two clusters (C) were determined: C1: N = 66F, 16M and C2: N = 18F, 194M, with C2 demonstrating better performance on the MANUF and MTC. C1F demonstrated significantly greater BF% and FLI than C1M, C2F, and C2M. C2M demonstrated significantly greater knee flexion strength than C1F and C2F, but C1M was only significantly greater than C1F. C2M demonstrated significantly greater ankle eversion and inversion strength than C1F.Conclusions
Women with increased BF%, increased FM and reduced FFM relative to a fighting load may have decreased performance in combat-related tasks. Training programs based on an individual Marine’s baseline body composition and fitness characteristics can enhance combat fitness and force readiness. 相似文献12.
Jed A. Diekfuss Dustin R. Grooms Weihong Yuan Jonathan Dudley Kim D. Barber Foss Staci Thomas Jonathan D. Ellis Daniel K. Schneider James Leach Scott Bonnette Gregory D. Myer 《Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport》2019,22(2):169-174
Objectives
We aimed to present a unique prospective neurological dataset for participants who experienced an ACL injury.Design
Prospective longitudinal case-control.Methods
High school female soccer athletes were evaluated using functional magnetic resonance imaging to capture resting-state brain connectivity prior to their competitive season. Two of these athletes later experienced an ACL injury (ACLI). We matched these ACLI participants with eight teammates who did not go on to sustain an ACL injury (uninjured controls, Con) based on age, grade, sex, height, and weight to examine differences in preseason connectivity. Knee-motor regions of interest (ROIs) were created based on previously published data from which five specific areas were selected as seeds for analysis. Independent-samples t-tests with a false discovery rate correction for multiple comparisons determined differences in connectivity between the ACLI and Con.Results
There was significantly greater connectivity between the left primary sensory cortex (a brain region responsible for proprioception) and the right posterior lobe of the cerebellum (a brain region responsible for balance and coordination) for the Con relative to ACLI, t (8) = 4.53, p = 0.03 (false discovery rate corrected).Conclusions
These preliminary data indicate that those who do not later sustain an ACL injury exhibit a stronger functional connection between a cortical sensory-motor region and a cerebellar region responsible for balance and coordination. These findings may help to guide development of brain-driven biofeedback training that optimizes and promotes adaptive neuroplasticity to reduce motor coordination errors and injury risk. 相似文献13.
Sian Williams Kevin Netto Renee Kennedy Jarrad Turner-Bryndzej Ryan Campbell Simon M. Rosalie 《Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport》2019,22(1):65-69
Objectives
Examine the running kinematics in healthy, physically active prepubescent children and to determine if specific biomechanical factors correlate with running performance.Design
Cross-sectional study.Methods
Fifteen children (age 9 years, ±11 months) completed a 1 km time trial before undergoing three-dimensional running motion analysis.Results
A strong positive correlation was observed between the biomechanical variables of stride length (p < .01), contact time (p < .01) and ankle dorsiflexion angle (p = .04) with time trial performance. Between variable analyses revealed a strong positive correlation between peak angles of hip adduction and knee flexion. There was no correlation between hip adduction and knee flexion peak angles or the vertical displacement of centre of mass with trial performance.Conclusions
The results of this study show that children with a better time trial performance display longer stride length, shorter contact time and mid or forefoot strike pattern. These findings have implications for targeted technique intervention in children’s running training to improve running performance. 相似文献14.
15.
Jozo Grgic Brad J. Schoenfeld Christopher Latella 《Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport》2019,22(3):361-370
Objectives
Current reviews and position stands on resistance training (RT) frequency and associated muscular hypertrophy are based on limited evidence holding implications for practical application and program design. Considering that several recent studies have shed new light on this topic, the present paper aimed to collate the available evidence on RT frequency and the associated effect on muscular hypertrophy.Design
Review article.Methods
Articles for this review were obtained through searches of PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus. Both volume-equated (studies in which RT frequency is the only manipulated variable) and non-volume-equated (studies in which both RT frequency and volume are the manipulated variables) study designs were considered.Results
Ten studies were found that used direct site-specific measures of hypertrophy, and, in general, reported that RT once per week elicits similar hypertrophy compared to training two or three times per week. In addition, 21 studies compared different RT frequencies and used lean body mass devices to estimate muscular growth; most of which reported no significant differences between training frequencies. Five studies were identified that used circumference for estimating muscular growth. These studies provided findings that are difficult to interpret, considering that circumference is a crude measure of hypertrophy (i.e., it does not allow for the differentiation between adipose tissue, intracellular fluids, and muscle mass).Conclusions
Based on the results of this review, it appears that under volume-equated conditions, RT frequency does not seem to have a pronounced effect of gains in muscle mass. 相似文献16.
Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez Timm Intemann Idoia Labayen Ana B. Peinado Josep Vidal-Conti Joaquin Sanchis-Moysi Diego Moliner-Urdiales Manuel A. Rodriguez Perez Jorge Cañete Garcia-Prieto Jorge del Rosario Fernández-Santos Borja Martinez-Tellez Germán Vicente-Rodríguez Marie Löf Jonatan R. Ruiz Francisco B. Ortega 《Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport》2019,22(4):430-437
Objectives
Reference values are necessary for classifying children, for health screening, and for early prevention as many non-communicable diseases aggravate during growth and development. While physical fitness reference standards are available in children aged 6 and older, such information is lacking in preschool children. Therefore, the purposes of this study were (1) to provide sex-and age-specific physical fitness reference standards for Spanish preschool children; and (2) to study sex differences across this age period and to characterise fitness performance throughout the preschool period.Design
Cross-sectional.Methods
A total of 3179 preschool children (1678 boys) aged 2.8–6.4 years old from Spain were included in the present study. Physical fitness was measured using the PREFIT battery.Results
Age- and sex-specific percentiles for the physical fitness components are provided. Boys performed better than girls in the cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength, and speed-agility tests over the whole preschool period studied and for the different percentiles. In contrast, girls performed slightly better than boys in the balance test. Older children had better performance in all fitness tests than their younger counterparts.Conclusions
Our study provides age- and sex-specific physical fitness reference standards in preschool children allowing interpretation of fitness assessment. Sexual dimorphism in fitness tests exists already at preschool age, and these differences become larger with age. These findings will help health, sport, and school professionals to identify preschool children with a high/very low fitness level, to examine changes in fitness over time, and to analyse those changes obtained due to intervention effects. 相似文献17.
Farid Bardid Giuseppe Vannozzi Samuel W. Logan Louise L. Hardy Lisa M. Barnett 《Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport》2019,22(3):311-318
Objectives
To offer a user’s guide to select appropriate measures of motor competence for children and adolescents.Design
Expert consensus among a working group of the International Motor Development Research Consortium (I-MDRC).Methods
The guide provides information on objective (motion devices and direct observation) and subjective (self-reports and proxy reports) methods for assessing motor competence among children and adolescents. Key characteristics (age group, sample size, delivery mode, assessment time, data output, data processing) as well as limitations and practical considerations (e.g., cost, sources of error) with regard to each method are included in this paper. We do not recommend specific instruments, rather a guide to assist researchers and practitioners interested in assessing children’s motor competence.Results
A decision flow chart was developed to support practitioners and researchers in selecting appropriate methods for measuring motor competence in young people. Real-life scenarios are presented to illustrate the use of different methods in research and practice.Conclusions
Policy makers, practitioners and researchers should consider the strengths and limitations of each method when measuring motor competence in children and adolescents. This will allow them to choose the most appropriate instrument(s) that meets their needs. 相似文献18.
J.P. Darche Megan J. Murray Kristina M. Bridges Joe Noland K. Allen Greiner 《Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport》2019,22(4):484-487
Objectives
Professional athletes undergo annual pre-season laboratory screening, although clinical evidence supporting the practice is limited and no uniform set of guidelines on pre-season laboratory screening exists. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical value of annual pre-season laboratory screening tests for a major professional sports team over multiple years.Design
Retrospective chart review.Methods
A retrospective analysis was performed of all laboratory results as well as screening ECGs for a single major professional sports team over a 9-year timeframe (2009–2017).Results
The data show that 10.01% of initial screening test results were abnormal and 40.32% of abnormal tests resulted in additional testing. Overall, only 0.35% of initial tests resulted in a clinically significant outcome. Non-US born players showed a significantly higher average rate of abnormal tests/year compared to US-born players (p-value 0.006), but there was no difference in clinically significant outcomes. There was no relationship between athlete age and laboratory screening outcomes.Conclusions
In our study population, yearly pre-season laboratory screening of professional athletes did not yield substantial clinically significant outcomes and would not be warranted under normal clinical standards. Future best practice guidelines should combine research concerning effects of family medical history, race, gender, country of origin, and type of sport on athlete health when creating recommendations for which pre-season laboratory screenings may be pertinent even with evidence of little utility. 相似文献19.
Oren Tirosh Guy Orland Alon Eliakim Dan Nemet Nili Steinberg 《Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport》2019,22(1):91-95
Objectives
To determine the between-visit reliability of an accelerometer as a measure of lower-extremity impact acceleration at a variety of gait speeds in children.Design
Absolute reliability assessment.Methods
Ten children with no known gait pathology attended two testing sessions, three weeks apart. A tri-axial accelerometer was fixed to the child’s distal tibia to measure peak positive acceleration responses while walking and running on the treadmill at three different speeds (comfortable walking, threshold walking, and jogging). Reliability of the average and standard deviation Peak Positive Acceleration (avgPPA and sdPPA, respectively) was calculated by intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) and Minimum Detectable Change (MDC).Results
Excellent reliability was indicated with ICC values for avgPPA of 0.90, 0.95, and 0.81 for comfortable walking, threshold walking, and jogging, respectively. Moderate reliability was found for the sdPPA measures. MDC values were calculated to be 18%, 26%, and 23% for comfortable walking, threshold walking, and jogging, respectively, indicating the amount by which an avgPPA value would need to change to ensure that the change is greater than a measurement error.Conclusions
An accelerometer attached to the distal tibia is practical for use in a clinical environment to collect lower extremity acceleration data in children. Clinicians can utilise this technique for assessing a change following an intervention, such as biofeedback gait retraining. 相似文献20.
Antonio García-Hermoso Robinson Ramírez-Vélez Jose M. Saavedra 《Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport》2019,22(1):76-84