耳内镜下耳垂脂肪压片法鼓膜修补术的临床效果研究

目的探讨在耳内镜下经外耳道自体耳垂脂肪组织压片鼓膜修补术的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析耳内镜下应用自体耳垂脂肪压片法完成鼓膜修补术的86例(86耳)外伤性及慢性化脓性中耳炎遗留干性鼓膜穿孔(陈旧性穿孔)(均为中、小穿孔)患者的临床资料,观察鼓膜穿孔的愈合及听力改善情况。结果所有患者随访时间均超过6个月,总治愈率95.35%(82/86),平均听力提高13.1±4.2dB;其中,外伤性穿孔52耳,愈合率96.15%(50/52),平均听力提高12.4±3.9dB;陈旧性穿孔34耳,愈合率94.12%(32/34),平均听力提高13.9±4.7dB;86耳均无面瘫,6耳有轻微耳鸣,随访半年后,耳鸣消失。结论耳内窥镜下自体耳垂脂肪组织压片鼓膜修补术适用于中、小型鼓膜穿孔,疗效好。     

耳内镜及手术显微镜下自体脂肪鼓膜修补术的比较

目的通过对手术显微镜下及耳内镜下自体脂肪鼓膜修补术的疗效比较,探讨耳内镜下脂肪鼓膜修补术的临床应用价值。方法回顾性分析1998年6月至2001年6月间78例(83耳)显微镜下自体脂肪鼓膜修补术及2001年7月至2005年6月间108例(115耳)耳内镜下行脂肪鼓膜修补术患者的临床资料,比较两组患者的治疗效果。结果全部患者随访时间均超过6个月,二组鼓膜穿孔愈合率分别为91.57%(76/83)和93.04%(107/115),二组中不同大小、不同位置、不同类型鼓膜穿孔患者的愈合率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论耳内镜下鼓膜穿孔自体脂肪修补术是一种简单、安全、有效的方法,具有无需手术切口、并发症少、节省费用等优点。     

耳内镜下耳屏软骨-软骨膜修补鼓膜大穿孔临床疗效

目的探讨耳内镜下利用耳屏软骨-软骨膜修补鼓膜大穿孔的临床疗效。方法对我科收治的50例鼓膜穿孔的病人,采用自体耳屏软骨-软骨膜,在耳内镜下行Ⅰ型鼓室成形术,采用内衬法完成鼓膜修补。结果术后对50例患耳进行术后随访6~12个月,患者无耳鸣,气骨导听力下降,眩晕等。术后3个月复查,鼓膜穿孔愈合率为96%。术后一年复查无鼓膜再次穿孔,内陷,粘连,患者未诉听力下降。术前患者患耳平均听阈56.48 dB,术后3~6个月复查纯音测听,患者言语频率气导听力平均提高30.32 dB。患者术耳外观恢复良好,未见明显瘢痕增生及耳外形改变。结论耳内镜下耳屏软骨-软骨膜修补术操作相对简单,术野清晰,视野广,手术时间较短。且取自体耳屏软骨-软骨膜作为修补材料较方便,创伤小,符合美学标准。耳屏软骨-软骨膜抗感染能力强,听力恢复效果稳定。因此耳屏软骨-软骨膜是耳内镜下鼓膜大穿孔修补的最佳选择材料,值得推广。     

耳内镜下同种异体羊膜鼓膜修补术的疗效观察

目的:探讨耳内镜下同种异体羊膜鼓膜修补术的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析在第四军医大学唐都医院行耳内镜下同种异体羊膜鼓膜修补术患者43例(43耳)的临床资料,观察鼓膜穿孔的愈合情况及听力改善情况。结果:43耳中有41耳鼓膜完全愈合,穿孔愈合率95.3%。复查纯音测听,语言频率气导平均听阈较术前提高10dB。随访1～4年,未见再穿孔及其他并发症发生。结论:耳内镜下鼓膜修补术适用于言语频率听阈在40dB以内的单纯鼓膜修补,不仅能修补紧张部中央性穿孔,而且对大部分有残余鼓膜的边缘性穿孔也可修补。人羊膜是鼓膜修补的理想材料。     

耳内镜下软骨膜-软骨岛在鼓膜修补术中应用的效果分析

目的　探讨耳内镜下软骨膜-软骨岛在鼓膜修补术中应用的疗效。方法　回顾性分析2017年1月～2018年7月86例行鼓膜修补术的慢性中耳炎静止期患者,按随机数字表法随机分为观察组和对照组。观察组43例,使用软骨膜-软骨岛移植物行鼓膜修补术;对照组43例,使用全厚软骨-软骨膜移植物行鼓膜修补术。对比两组术前穿孔部位、穿孔大小、手术后鼓膜愈合率、术后6个月平均气导听阈及气骨导差。结果　对照组鼓膜愈合35例（81.4%）,再穿孔8例（18.6%）;观察组鼓膜愈合41例（95.3%）,再穿孔2例（4.7%）,两组鼓膜愈合率比较,差异有统计学意义（χ2=5.237,P＜0.05）。术后6个月纯音听阈检查,对照组平均气导听阈（33.54±4.81）dB HL,骨气导差（14.05±5.72）dB HL;观察组平均气导听阈（28.84±2.53）dB HL,骨气导差（9.40±2.77）dB HL,两组听力均较术前提高,两组间比较平均气导听阈和气骨导差的差异均有统计学意义（t =5.347、4.516,P 均＜0.05）。结论　耳内镜下软骨膜-软骨岛行鼓膜修补术鼓膜愈合率高,术后听力改善更显著,是一种有效的鼓膜修补方法。     

耳内镜下耳屏软骨-软骨膜修补鼓膜大穿孔45例报告

目的探讨在耳内镜下应用耳屏软骨-软骨膜修补鼓膜大穿孔的临床效果,并介绍临床手术要点及技巧。方法对45例耳鼓膜紧张部大穿孔病例,采用自体耳屏软骨-软骨膜,在耳内镜下行I型鼓室成型术,采用内植法一期完成手术。结果 45例患者随访6~18个月,术后无耳鸣加重、无眩晕、气骨导听力下降等。术后3个月复查穿孔愈合率95.6%,术后一年以上复查未见再穿孔、鼓膜内陷、粘连及前部钝角愈合情况,患者诉无听力下降等。术后3~6个月复查纯音测听,患者言语频率气导听力均提高>10dB。其中气骨导差缩小>10dB21例,21dB~30dB19例,>30dB5例。27例行声阻抗检查均为"A"型。患者术耳耳屏外观良好,无明显瘢痕及形态改变。结论耳内镜技术下鼓膜修补术,操作简单、图像清晰、视野广、损伤小、手术时间短,且耳屏软骨-软骨膜取材方便,抗感染能力强,听力恢复效果稳定,是一种较好的鼓膜修补材料,值得临床推广。     

不同术式及材料鼓膜成形术的疗效观察

目的 探讨根据鼓膜穿孔大小选择不同鼓膜成形术及修补材料的可行性及疗效.方法 255例鼓膜穿孔患者,根据鼓膜穿孔大小,分别对98例鼓膜小穿孔患者(穿孔直径小于3 mm)采用耳内镜下或显微镜下脂肪团块嵌塞法行鼓膜修补术,对75例鼓膜中穿孔患者(穿孔直径3~5 mm)行耳内镜下或显微镜下耳屏软骨-软骨膜内置法、不制作外耳道皮瓣行鼓膜修补术,对82例鼓膜大穿孔患者(穿孔直径大于5 mm)行显微镜下耳屏软骨-软骨膜内置法、制作外耳道皮瓣行鼓膜修补术.术后1~3个月行耳内镜复查,观察其疗效.结果 三种手术方式修补鼓膜小、中、大穿孔的愈合率分别为98.0%(96/98)、96.0%(72/75) 和96.34%(79/82),总愈合率为96.86%(247/255),术后言语频率平均气导听阈20.1±4.3 dB HL.结论 针对鼓膜穿孔大小选择不同鼓膜成形术及修补材料是可行的,其疗效均满意.     

自体脂肪鼓膜修补的疗效观察

目的探讨自体脂肪鼓膜修补术的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析1998年6月至2001年6月间78例(83耳)行自体脂肪鼓膜修补术患者的临床资料,观察不同大小、不同部位、不同类型鼓膜穿孔的愈合情况。结果全部患者随访时间超过6个月,总愈合率为91.6%(76/83),其中小穿孔愈合率达95.7%(67/70),平均听力提高8.9±4.7dB。共7耳发生术后并发症,包括鼓膜再穿孔3耳,感染4耳。结论自体脂肪鼓膜修补术是一种简便、安全、有效的方法,对外伤性鼓膜穿孔及儿童置管后鼓膜穿孔不愈合者有较好的疗效。     

耳内镜下经外耳道后壁翻瓣夹层法鼓膜成形术的临床疗效

目的　探讨耳内镜下经外耳道后壁翻瓣夹层法修补鼓膜穿孔的效果。方法　通过回顾性分析耳内镜下经外耳道后壁翻瓣,运用耳屏软骨-软骨膜夹层法修补鼓膜穿孔病例68例（68耳）,术后对穿孔鼓膜的愈合率、患耳听力恢复情况进行随访分析至少1年。结果  全部病例（68例68耳）鼓膜穿孔愈合,愈合率100%,移植物无发生内陷、外移或钝角愈合情况。术后1年气导听阈（24.82±6.63）dB HL,与术前（42.79±11.07）dB HL相比,差异有统计学意义（t =22.92,P <0.01）;术后骨气导差（10.08±4.83）dB HL,与术前（22.57±6.69）dB HL相比,差异亦有统计学意义（t =26.81,P <0.01）,听力改善明显。结论　采用耳内镜下经外耳道后壁翻瓣,运用耳屏软骨-软骨膜夹层法进行鼓膜穿孔修补,鼓膜愈合成功率较高,术后听力恢复良好,有较高的临床推广价值。     

耳内镜下行带蒂上皮瓣鼓膜修补术11例临床体会

耳内镜下进行单纯的鼓膜修补术,近年来得到广泛应用且疗效确切[1]。我科2011年8月~2013年4月,共对11例慢性化脓性中耳炎（单纯性）患者行耳内镜下带蒂上皮瓣鼓膜成形术,术后疗效满意,现报道如下。1资料和方法1.1一般资料本组患者共11例,其中女7例,男4例;年龄21~47岁,平均年龄34岁。紧张部中央型小穿孔6例,紧张部中央型中穿孔3例,     

外耳道皮下组织压片行鼓膜穿孔修补术

目的探讨应用外耳道上壁中、外段皮下组织压片修补鼓膜穿孔的临床疗效。方法对65例（69耳）由中耳炎或外伤引起的鼓膜穿孔直径大于3 mm伴外耳道狭窄、弯曲患者,用此法行耳内切口、扩大外耳道,用外耳道上壁中、外段皮下组织压片行鼓膜修补术。结果67耳鼓膜穿孔修补术后愈合,穿孔愈合率97.1%。修补鼓膜愈合时间平均15.2 d。术后外耳道宽畅。随访0.5-3.5年,无鼓膜再穿孔。术后纯音测听（取0.5,1,2,4 kHz）气导听力提高10-30 dB（平均18.6 dB）者66耳,气骨导差距在10-20 dB,较术前平均缩小16.8 dB,听力改善率95.7%。另3耳听力无改善。结论用耳道上壁中、外段皮下结缔组织压片修补鼓膜穿孔是一种取材简便、术野显露好、愈合时间短、穿孔愈合率高的新术式,更适合鼓膜穿孔大、外耳道狭窄和弯曲者。     

耳屏岛状软骨-软骨膜在鼓膜成形术中的应用

目的探讨采用耳屏岛状软骨-软骨膜修补鼓膜大穿孔的手术方法及临床效果。方法64例（64耳）鼓膜穿孔患者用耳屏岛状软骨-软骨膜行鼓膜修复,所有患者均采用内植法一期完成手术。术后1年复查耳内镜及纯音听阈,并对结果进行分析。结果所有患者术后无耳鸣加重、无眩晕、无面瘫等。除1例鼓膜再穿孔外,余均愈合,愈合率为98．4％（63／64）;术后1年复查纯音测听语言频率平均气导听阈为29．1dB（术前为38．3dB）,骨气导差距平均为13．4dB（术前为24．6dB）,手术前后比较差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论耳屏岛状软骨-软骨膜修复鼓膜穿孔是一种可靠的方法,尤其适合于鼓膜大穿孔、复发性穿孔患者。     

耳内镜分离前壁皮瓣修复鼓膜前下象限边缘性穿孔的疗效分析

目的探讨耳内镜下分离前下皮瓣修补鼓膜前下象限边缘性穿孔的临床疗效和应用价值。方法对资料完整的13例鼓膜前下象限边缘性穿孔患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。对比患者手术前后纯音听阈和耳内镜结果,计算气骨导差及气骨导差改善值。结果术后3个月复查,耳内镜下所有患者鼓膜完整。平均气导为（16.0±15.64）dB,骨导为（12.16±11.92）dB,气骨导差为（3.83±3.73）dB,术后3个月的气骨导差明显小于术前(P<0.05)。结论耳内镜下分离前下皮瓣修补鼓膜前下象限穿孔,具有简单,微创,愈合率高的特点,值得临床推广。     

Tympanoplasty with adipose tissue

BACKGROUND: Among other materials it is also possible to use autologous fat tissue for closing tympanic membrane perforations. In this study we have evaluated 44 consecutive myringoplasties with adipose tissue performed between 1999 and 2001. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The indications were residual microperforations following tympanoplasty with temporalis fascia or tympanic membrane perforations due to trauma or chronic otitis media simplex. Myringoplasty with fat tissue was performed as an outpatient procedure and took about 15 minutes. The adipose tissue was harvested from the posterior side of the ear lobe in local anaesthesia. After refreshing the borders of the tympanic membrane perforation with a micro hook, the adipose tissue was positioned into the perforation by using a handheld or fixed ear speculum. The graft was covered with a silk strip soaked with Garamycine ointment. In bigger perforations a bed of gelfoam was put into the tympanic cavity in order to avoid adhesions between the graft and the promontorium. RESULTS: A permanent healing of the tympanic membrane was achieved in 40 (91 %) out of the 44 patients. In 21 patients hearing improved between 5 -10 dB. Surgical complications did not occur. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that transcanal myringoplasty with adipose tissue is a simple and minimally invasive method for closing small to medium sized tympanic membrane perforations.     

脂肪组织压片修补中大型鼓膜穿孔52例临床分析

目的 探讨耳内镜下自体耳后皮下脂肪组织压片修补中大型鼓膜穿孔的临床疗效。方法 回顾性分析耳内镜下应用自体耳后皮下脂肪组织压片修补中大型鼓膜穿孔52例(52耳)患者的临床资料,观察鼓膜穿孔的愈合及听力改善情况。结果 随访6～12个月,52例均未出现面瘫、味觉减退等手术并发症。52耳中49耳穿孔完全闭合,总治愈率94.2% (49/52),平均听力提高(14.7±3.1)dB;其中,外伤性穿孔31耳,治愈率96.8% (30/31),平均听力提高(14.3±1.6)dB;慢性中耳炎陈旧性穿孔21耳,治愈率90.5% (19/21),平均听力提高(15.4±4.4)dB。结论 脂肪组织压片可用于修补中大型鼓膜穿孔,疗效可靠,愈合率高。此技术优于脂肪嵌入法,扩大了脂肪组织修补鼓膜穿孔的临床应用。     

软骨鼓膜修补联合Ⅲ型鼓室成形治疗粘连性中耳炎

目的探讨软骨鼓膜修补联合Ⅲ型鼓室成形治疗粘连性中耳炎的疗效。方法回顾性分析5 1例接受手术治疗的粘连性中耳炎患者,术中切除粘连的鼓膜及瘢痕组织,去除锤骨、砧骨,行Ⅲ型听力重建,穿孔的鼓膜用全厚耳屏软骨修补。结果5 1例患者均于术后4～6周干耳,鼓膜解剖形态基本正常,但稍厚,活动差。术后3个月纯音测听（0.2 5,0.5,1,2,4 kHz）骨气导差（ABG）为2 3.8 dB,提高了1 8.1 dB。术后1年为1 3.4 dB,提高了2 8.5 dB。随访1年以上,稍厚的软骨鼓膜变薄,活动能力好,无1例穿孔,声导抗测试鼓室图全为As型曲线。结论软骨鼓膜修补联合Ⅲ型鼓室成形治疗粘连性中耳炎效果显著,有临床应用价值。     

Tympanoscope-assisted myringoplasty.

Thirty ears of 29 patients with different sized perforation of the tympanic membrane were operated on with the aid of rigid otoendoscopes. The technique has a significant novel feature: endoscopy of the tympanic cavity through a perforation with small tympanoscopes 1.7 mm in diameter with a 0%. The postoperative air-bone gap was less than 10 dB in 90% of the ears. It was concluded that tympanoscope-assisted myringoplasty is a reliable and simple procedure with the benefit of minimal trauma in healthy tissue and that it is a feasible approach for day-case surgery with an ordinary success rate of tympanic membrane closure and hearing results.     

Fat graft myringoplasty: results of a long-term follow-up

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the long-term results of fat graft myringoplasty in adult and pediatric populations. DESIGN: Prospective case series study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Patients with chronic tympanic membrane perforations were considered candidates for fat graft myringoplasty. Excluded were patients with purulent discharge, suspected ossicular disease, suspected cholesteatoma, or a perforation diameter greater than 6.5 mm. Fat was harvested from the ear lobule or subcutaneous tissue just posterior-inferior to the lobule. RESULTS: The study population comprised 27 adults and 11 children. Twenty-eight perforations were small (73.7%) and 10 were large (26.3%). Altogether, 31 of 38 perforations were successfully repaired (81.6%), including 22 of 28 small perforations (78.6%) and 9 of 10 large perforations (90%). Assessment by age showed that 23 of 27 perforations of the adults (85.2%) and 8 of 11 perforations of the children (72.7%) successfully closed (p = .648). Follow-up ranged from 25 to 53 months (mean 40.6 +/- 8.3 months). No recurrence of the perforation during the follow-up period was recorded if the initial results were successful. The speech reception threshold improved significantly (18.5 +/- 7.7 dB vs 23.5 +/- 8 dB; p = .043). No significant sensorineural hearing loss occurred. CONCLUSIONS: Fat graft myringoplasty is a reliable technique for the closure of small- and medium-sized perforations. The grafting results showed excellent long-term durability. Given the simplicity of the technique, its short duration, and the favourable hearing results, fat graft myringoplasty should be considered the procedure of choice in patients with suitable perforations and when not otherwise contraindicated.