乳腺癌中PS2蛋白表达与ER,PR及预后的关系

探讨ＰＳ２蛋白在乳腺癌中的表达及其与ＥＲ、ＰＲ和患者预后的关系,方法应用ＬＳＡＢ免疫组织化学方法检测ＰＳ２蛋白在１０５例乳腺癌中的表达。结果ＰＳ２在乳腺癌中的表达率为５０．４８％（５３／１０５）。４３例ＥＲ和ＰＲ均为阳性者中,有３３例ＰＳ２表达阳性,阳性率为７６．７４％（３３／４３）;而４０例ＥＲ和ＰＲ均为阴性者中,仅有９例呈ＰＳ２表达阳性,阳性率为２２．５０％（９／４０,Ｐ〈０．０１。生存５年以     

Estrogen Receptor and Progesterone Receptor Status in Breast Cancer in Relation to Age,Histological Grade,Size of Lesion and Lymph Node Involvement

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy of women in Kashmir. This study was conductedwith the objective of assessing hormone receptor positivity and its correlation with age at diagnosis, tumor size,histological grade and lymph node metastasis. Materials and Methods: 132 newly diagnosed cases of invasivebreast cancer diagnosed at the Department of Pathology, SKIMS, Srinagar, J&K, were included after excludingbiopsies, in-situ lesions and recurrence cases. Results: Mean age of the patients was 48.2 years, 59.1% being≤50 years of age. Mean duration of symptoms was 6.32 months. Most lesions (65.1%) were 2-5 cm and 16.7%were ≥5.0 cm in greatest dimension. The predominant (80.3%) morphology was IDC-NOS. The majority of thecases presented as grade II (52.1%) lesions and lymph node involvement was present in 65.2%. ER and PRwere positive in 66.3% and 63.4% cases, respectively, increasing with rising age. High grade lesions and largersize tumors were more likely to be ER and PR negative. No correlation was found between ER/PR status andlymph node metastasis. Conclusions: ER and PR expression in breast cancers in the current study was found tobe higher than studies done in India/Asia but lower than studies conducted in the West, even on Indian/Asianimmigrants. Markedly lower receptor expression in Indian/Asian studies is likely due to preanalytic variables,thresholds for positivity, and interpretation criteria. American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of AmericanPathologists Guideline Recommendations for Immunohistochemical Testing of Estrogen and ProgesteroneReceptors in Breast Cancer are strongly advocated for standardization of receptor evaluation and for clinicalmanagement of breast cancer patients to provide best therapeutic options.     

雌激素受体水平测定与青年乳腺癌的预后

 目的　探讨研究雌激素受体(ER)水平对青年乳腺癌预后的影响及术后治疗的指导作用。方法　根据ER水平,将收治的78例35岁以下青年女性原发乳腺癌分成ER(+)和ER(-)两组。按Kaplan-Meier法计算。并按时序检验比较两组生存曲线的趋势。结果　ER(+)组48例,中位随访时间95个月(13～120月),13例出现复发转移,复发转移率为27.1%(13/48)。ER(-)组30例,中位随访时间为65个月(1～120月),16例出现复发转移,复发转移率为53.3%(16/30)。ER(+)组术后复发转移率明显低于ER(-)组(P<0.05)。结论　ER是青年女性乳腺癌术后的一个重要预后参考因素。ER(+)组10年无病生存率明显高于ER(-)组。     

ER、PR及C-erbB-2表达与乳腺癌临床病理特征及其预后的关系

目的探讨ER、PR、C—erbB-2表达与乳腺癌临床病理特征及其预后的关系。方法采用免疫组化方法,对1568例乳腺癌患者进行ER、PR、C—erbB-2检测,并分析其与患者年龄、家族史、肿瘤体积、淋巴结转移数目、病理类型、组织学分级及预后患者的关系。结果C—erbB-2表达阳性组患者具有年龄较小（P=0．001）、肿瘤体积较大（P=0．001）、组织学分级较差（P=0．002）、淋巴结转移数目较多（P：0．001）、预后较差（P：0．001）等特点;ER,PR,C—erbB-2表达均阴性的患者预后也较差。结论激素受体及C—erbB-2表达水平可作为制定乳腺癌治疗方案的重要参考指标。     

12种凝集素与雌激素和孕激素受体在乳腺癌中的对比研究

本文应用亲和组化法对100例乳腺癌的12种凝集素受体与ER和PR进行对比研究,结果发现:(1)PNA-R与ER阳性符合率91.2％;RCA-R与PR为88.5％。(2)PNA-R与ER,RCA-R与PR在乳腺癌各年龄组、月经状况、肿瘤大小、淋巴结转移和各组织学类型的阳性率呈正相关。(3)PNA-R、ER、RCA-R、PR阳性患者肿瘤的复发率低于阴性患者(P<0.05)。结果提示乳腺癌PNA-R与ER,RCA-R与PR有一致性,可通过亲和组化法对常规石蜡切片测定乳腺癌PNA-R和RCA-R,以推测乳腺癌患者的ER和PR状况,对指导临床估计预后和内分泌治疗有重要意义。     

ER、PR和C-erbB-2在胃癌中的表达及意义

[目的]探讨胃癌组织中ER、PR、C－erbB－2表达及其临床意义。[方法]应用SP法,对65例胃癌标本进行免疫组化染色。[结果]ER、PR阳性率分别为523.3%和49.2%,阳性率与癌细胞分化程度、浸润深度和淋巴结伴有癌转移呈正相关（P＜0．05）。C-erbB-2阳性率为对23%。阳性率与癌细胞分化程度呈负相关（P＜0.05）,与癌浸润深度和淋巴结伴有癌转移呈正相关（P＜0．05）。[结论]ER、PR、C－erbB－2阳性表达的胃癌预后较差。     

Applicative Value of Serum CA19-9, CEA,CA125 and CA242 in Diagnosis and Prognosis for Patients with Pancreatic Cancer Treated by Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy

Objective: To evaluate the application value of serum CA19-9, CEA, CA125 and CA242 in diagnosis andprognosis of pancreatic cancer cases treated with concurrent chemotherapy. Materials and Methods: 52patients with pancreatic cancer, 40 with benign pancreatic diseases and 40 healthy people were selected. Theelectrochemiluminescence immunoassay method was used for detecting levels of CA19-9, CEA and CA125, anda CanAg CA242 enzyme linked immunoassay kit for assessing the level of CA242. The Kaplan-Meier methodwas used for analyzing the prognostic factors of patients with pancreatic cancer. The Cox proportional hazardmodel was applied for analyzing the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidential interval (CI) for survival timeof patients with pancreatic cancer. Results: The levels of serum CA19-9, CEA, CA125 and CA242 in patientswith pancreatic cancer were significantly higher than those in patients with benign pancreatic diseases andhealthy people (P<0.001). The sensitivity of CA19-9 was the highest among these, followed by CA242, CA125and CEA. The specificity of CA242 is the highest, followed by CA125, CEA and CA19-9. The sensitivity andspecificity of joint detection of serum CA19-9, CEA, CA125and CA242 were 90.4% and 93.8%, obviouslyhigher than single detection of those markers in diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. The median survival time of52 patients with pancreatic cancer was 10 months (95% CI7.389~12.611).. Patients with the increasing level ofserum CA19-9, CEA, CA125, CA242 had shorter survival times (P=0.047. 0.043, 0.0041, 0.029). COX regressionanalysis showed that CA19-9 was an independent prognostic factor for patients with pancreatic cancer (P=0.001,95%CI 2.591~38.243). Conclusions: The detection of serum tumor markers (CA19.9, CEA, CA125 and CA242)is conducive to the early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer and joint detection of tumor markers helps improve thediagnostic efficiency. Moreover, CA19-9 is an independent prognostic factor for patients with pancreatic cancer.     

ER PR 单阳性表达乳腺癌患者临床病理特征和预后分析*

目的:探讨不同的ER、PR表达对原发性侵袭性乳腺癌患者预后的影响,重点研究ER+/PR- 和ER-/PR+ 单阳性表型肿瘤的临床病理特征和预后差异。方法:回顾性分析1998年10月至2004年5 月间天津医科大学附属肿瘤医院收治的1 054 例原发性侵袭性乳腺癌患者的病例资料及随访结果,比较不同的ER、PR表达乳腺癌患者的临床病理特征和预后,明确ER+/PR- 和ER-/PR+ 单阳性表型肿瘤之间存在的差异。计算生存率采用Kaplan-Meier 方法,生存率比较应用Log-rank 检验。经COX多因素分析得出独立的预后影响因素。结果:ER+/PR- 表型肿瘤易出现于年长、绝经后的女性,肿瘤直径较小,组织分化程度较高。生存分析显示:ER+/PR+ 组预后优于ER-/PR- 组（OS:P=0.000,DFS :P=0.000）,ER或PR单阳组预后介于ER+/PR+ 组和ER-/PR- 组之间。相对于ER-/PR- 表型肿瘤,ER+/PR- 的生存优势强于ER-/PR+ ,ER+/PR- 的无瘤生存优于ER-/PR+（P=0.035）,而两者之间总体生存无明显差异（P=0.890）。 不同的ER、PR阳性表达是影响乳腺癌患者内分泌治疗的无瘤生存的独立因素（P=0.023）。 结论:ER+/PR- 和ER-/PR+ 是两种临床病理特征和预后完全不同的乳腺癌,ER-/PR+ 肿瘤表现的侵袭性行为更强,应该采取更为积极的治疗措施。ER-/PR+ 表型乳腺癌可能具有独特的生物学特征。      

非小细胞肺癌血清VEGF与CA125 CEA Cyfra21-1 的相关性及临床意义*

目的：探讨化疗前血清血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）检测在非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC ）中的临床应用价值,同时测定血清中CA125、CEA 、Cyfra21-1 的滴度及其相关性。方法：采用抗人VEGF单克隆抗体、夹心ELISA 法测定78例NSCLC 患者血清VEGF浓度。同时利用放射免疫法检测血清中CEA 、CA125、Cyfra21-1 的浓度。结果：NSCLC 有远处转移组血清VEGF、CA125、CEA 浓度显著高于无远处转移组（P<0.05）;有淋巴结转移组血清VEGF显著高于无淋巴结转移组（P<0.05）。 血清VEGF和CA125、CEA 在Ⅲ+ Ⅳ期NSCLC 的表达显著高于I+II 期NSCLC（P<0.05）。 血清CEA 在腺癌中显著增高（P<0.05）。 血清VEGF、CA125 阴性组的化疗有效率（35.3% 、35.7%）显著高于阳性组（7.7% 、15.8%）（P=0.004,0.006）。 化疗前血清CEA 阴性者的中位总生存时间（mOS ）较阳性者明显延长（分别为36个月,20个月;P=0.04）;而血清VEGF、Cyfra21-1、CA125 浓度对mOS 无明显影响（P 值分别为0.07,0.099,0.19）。 血清CEA 、VEGF、Cyfra21-1、CA125 表达对中位无瘤生存期（mTTP）均无明显影响（P 值分别为0.119,0.280,0.146,0.230）。 NSCLC 患者血清VEGF 与CEA 表达存在显著正相关（P<0.05）,其他肿瘤标志物之间无显著相关性（P>0.05）。 结论：综合检测NSCLC 患者化疗前血清肿瘤标志物可能有利于协助诊断、预测转移、评价化疗疗效及判断预后。     

Analysis of Cytosol CA15-3, Carcinoembryonic Antigen, Estrogen and Progesterone Receptors in Breast Cancer Tissues

Cytosol levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), CA15-3, estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PgR) of 194- primary breast cancer tissues were measured. ER and PgR determined by enzyme immunoassay methods correlated inversely with Page's grades of histological atypia and mitotic rate. Cytosol CA15-3 correlated inversely with the grades of tubular and nuclear atypia and positively with the mitotic rate. CA15-3 correlated positively with ER and PgR. Cytosol CEA showed no correlation with the pathological grade or hormone receptor status. These results indicate that hormone receptor-positive breast cancers tend to have more differentiated morphology and slower growth rate than those without those receptors and that the cytosol CA15-3 level may reflect some of the intrinsic malignant potency, particularly the growth rate, of breast cancer. Cytosol CA15-3 as well as the hormone receptor status may have prognostic value for patients with breast cancer.     

Serum Levels of CA15-3, AFP,CA19-9 and CEA TumorMarkers in Cancer Care and Treatment of Patients withImpaired Renal Function on Hemodialysis

Since renal failure causes decrease in tumor marker excretion, use of these markers in cancer care andtreatment in patients with renal insufficiency or hemodialysis is controversial. The aim of this study was toinvestigate differences of serum levels of tumor markers CA15-3, AFP, CA19-9 and CEA in patients with impairedrenal function. A total of 100 patients referred to the Tabriz Immam Reza and Amiralmomenin hospital fromJune 2010 to November 2011 were selected for study. Subjects were divided to 3 groups of healthy, dialysis andrenal failure but non hemodialysis cases, the last category being re-grouped based on creatinine clearance. Nosignificant relationship between different groups in serum levels of CEA (P=0.99) and CA19-9 (P=0.29) tumormarkers was found. A significant correlation was observed between serum levels of AFP (P<0.001) and CA15-3(P<0.001) and also a tendency between creatinine clearance and CEA (r=0.05, P=0.625). Creatinine clearancesignificantly correlated with AFP (P<0.001, r=0.53) and CA15-3 (p=0.00, r=-0.412), but not CA19-9 (P=0.089,r=-0.171). According to results of this study it appears that use of tumor markers in patients with impaired renalfunction should be performed with special precautions.     

直肠癌ER／PE受体表达及预后关系的病理学分析

 本文应用石蜡切片免疫组化PAP法，回顾性观察了61例直肠中分化管状腺癌组织ER、PR表达情况。ER(+)/PR(+)为42.6%；ER(-)/PR(-)为57.4%。ER/PR的存在表明该癌组织具有了依赖性激素的特性。ER(+)/PR(+)者的中位生存期为4.5年，一、三、五年生存率为88.5%、53.9%、38.5%，均高于ER(-)/PR(-)者的生存率。　ER(-)/PR(-)者的中位生存期为2.4年，一、三、五年生存率为65.7%、42.8%、28.6%。表达阳性与阴性两者的生存期有明显差异(P<0.01)。检测ER/PR受体亦可做为判定预后的指标之一。本实验证实ER、PR表达与年龄、性别以及LNM之间无明显差异(P>0.05)。     

乳腺癌原发灶与复发转移灶间ER、PR、HER-2、COX-2表达差异分析

[目的]回顾性分析乳腺癌原发灶与转移灶中ER、PR、HER-2、COX-2表达的情况及临床意义。[方法]应用免疫组化的方法,检测了50例乳腺癌转移患者的ER、PR、HER-2、COX-2在原发灶与复发转移灶中的表达。[结果]乳腺癌原发灶与复发转移灶中ER阳性表达分别为70%和38%,有显著性差异(P=0.002)。PR、HER-2、COX-2在乳腺癌原发灶与复发转移灶中的表达差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。原发灶与转移灶中HER-2与COX-2表达呈相关性(P<0.05)。[结论]乳腺癌原发灶和转移灶中ER、PR、HER-2、COX-2表达不一致,需根据转移灶受体的表达情况决定治疗方案。     

p53和雌、孕激素受体在子宫内膜癌的表达及其临床意义

目的:研究p53、ER和PR在子宫内膜癌的表达及其临床意义。方法:应用免疫组化技术对56例子宫内膜癌组织进行检测,结合临床病理学指标进行分析。结果:p53、ER和PR在56例子宫内膜癌的阳性表达率分别是44.6 %,66.1 %和64.3 %。p53的阳性表达率在子宫内膜癌的不同临床分期和组织学分级均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。ER、PR在子宫内膜癌的阳性表达率与组织学分级密切相关,在组织分化好的阳性表达率显著高于组织分化差的阳性表达率(P<0.05)。结论:p53在子宫内膜癌的发生、发展中起着重要的调控作用。ER、PR的缺失表达与子宫内膜癌的恶性程度密切相关,对分析子宫内膜癌的预后和指导临床内分泌治疗均有重要意义。     

VEGF、bFGF和ER在子宫内膜癌的表达

目的探讨血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)的表达与子宫内膜癌临床病理参数和预后的关系,以及其与雌激素受体（ER）和碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)表达之间的关系。方法采用免疫组化SP法检测66例子宫内膜癌和19例正常子宫内膜的石蜡切片VEGF、ER和bFGF的表达。结果子宫内膜癌VEGF的阳性表达率为80.3%,其表达与组织学分级呈正相关(r=0.4021,P＜0.01);ER表达与组织学分级呈负相关(r=-0.2455,P＜0.05);VEGF与bFGF的表达呈正相关（r=0.2939,P＜0.05）。ER阴性表达比ER阳性表达的患者预后差（P＜0.05）。ER表达与VEGF和bFGF的表达无显著相关性。结论VEGF是子宫内膜癌重要的血管生成因子,ER表达与子宫内膜癌的预后有关,但与bFGF和VEGF的表达无关。     

大肠癌血管内皮生长因子与雌激素受体的表达及临床意义

目的　探讨VEGF、ER在大肠癌组织中的表达和临床意义。方法　应用免疫组织化学SP法研究 45例大肠癌组织中VEGF、ER的表达。结果　 45例大肠癌中VEGF阳性表达率显著高于ER(χ2 =9.3 9,P <0 .0 1) ,在淋巴结转移组VEGF、ER表达分别为72 .2 %和 16.7% ,在无淋巴结转移组分别为 2 5 .9% (χ2 =9.3 8,P <0 .0 1)和 48.1% (χ2 =4.67,P <0 .0 5 ) ;在分化好组VEGF、ER表达分别为 5 6.3 %和 68.8% ,而分化差组分别为 3 7.9% (χ2 =1.40 ,P <0 .0 5 )和 17.2 % (χ2 =11.94,P <0 .0 1)。ER的表达与临床病理分期 (Dukes)差异有显著意义 (χ2 =8.15 ,P <0 .0 5 ) ,而VEGF则与之无关。结论　联合检测VEGF、ER的表达可作为大肠癌的预后指标 ,有助于对术后病人放、化疗或内分泌治疗的选择提供依据。     

雌、孕激素受体在子宫内膜腺癌中的表达及其意义

目的 研究雌激素受体（ER）、孕激素受体（PR）在子宫内膜腺癌组织中的表达及其临床意义。方法 采用免疫组织化学S-P法测定84例子宫内膜腺癌组织中ER、PR的表达。结果 子宫内膜腺癌组织中ER、PR阳性表达率分别为58．3％、65．5％。ER、PR阳性表达率与手术病理分期无关（P〉0．05），而与组织学分级密切相关。G1级者ER、PR阳性表达率（74．4％、83．7％）显著高于G2级（55．6％、59．3％）（P〈0．01）和G3级（14．3％、21．4％）者（P〈0．05）。子宫肌层浸润深度≤1／2者中ER、PR阳性表达率分别为69．8％、77．4％，〉1／2者阳性表达率为38．7％、45．2％，两者中ER、PR阳性表达率比较均有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。无淋巴结转移的子宫内膜腺癌组织中ER、PR阳性表达率（59．4％、71．6％）分别与有淋巴结转移组织中ER、PR阳性表达率（50．0％、20．0％）进行比较，2者比较PR阳性表达率有显著性差异（P〈0．05），而ER的表达无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。结论 ER、PR的异常表达可能在子宫内膜腺癌的发生、发展过程中起着重要作用，对分析子宫内膜腺癌的预后和指导临床内分泌治疗均有重要意义。     

碘125粒子对乳腺癌细胞VEGF表达的抑制作用

目的 探讨¹²⁵I粒子对乳腺癌血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)表达的影响及其抑制肿瘤细胞增殖的作用机制。方法 建立人类乳腺癌细胞株MCF-7裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型,随机分为8组,对照组为C7、C14、C21、C28组,实验组为T7、T14、T21、T28组,每组6只,对照组植入空白粒子（0Bq）,实验组植入¹²⁵I粒子（14.8MBq）。观察粒子植入后瘤体生长情况,分别在粒子植入后7、14、21、28 d四个时间点处死两组荷瘤裸小鼠。用半定量RTPCR、免疫组织化学染色方法检测VEGF基因及其蛋白的表达。结果 植入¹²⁵I粒子后,实验组肿瘤生长缓慢,肿瘤抑制率为53.27%。粒子植入28 d,与对照组相比,实验组中肿瘤组织的VEGF mRNA及蛋白表达明显降低,差异有统计学意义。结论 ¹²⁵I粒子抑制乳腺癌细胞增殖重要分子生物学机制之一是其抑制乳腺癌细胞VEGF基因和蛋白的表达。     

血清CEA、CA199和CA153检测对判定结肠癌发生发展的价值分析

目的 探讨结肠癌患者的血清CEA、CA199和CA153检测对判定病情的价值.方法 选择结肠癌患者60例(癌变组)、良性结肠肿瘤患者60例(瘤变组)与健康人60例(健康组),收集各组患者空腹静脉血后进行血清CEA、CA199和CA153的检测,同时对3组入选者的一般资料与临床特点进行记录与分析.结果 癌变组的CEA、CA199和CA153含量都明显高于瘤变组与健康组,3组间的对比差异都有统计学意义(P<0.05).癌变组的CEA、CA199和CA153表达阳性率分别为55.0%、70.0%和63.3%,瘤变组分别为6.7%、6.7%和1.7%,而健康组分别为3.3%、3.3%和0.0%,3组间的对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).在结肠癌患者中,随着病理分期增加、分化程度的减少和淋巴结转移的发生,CEA、CA199和CA153的表达阳性率明显增加(P<0.05).结论 血清CEA、CA199和CA153在结肠癌中都呈现高表达情况,与患者的病理特征与病情有一定的相关性,能有效判定病情状况,值得在临床检测中推广应用.